JPS6041049A - Developing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stabilize development for a long term by preventing magnetic particle blocks formed in series from a magnetic particle restricting member from dropping on a developing section, and forming a uniform thin developer layer. CONSTITUTION:A mixture contg. magnetic particles and a nonmagnetic developer is fed into a developer feed hopper 13 to form a mixture layer 16. The mixture contains the nonmagnetic developer, preferably, in the amount of 5-70% per the magnetic particle. Preferable particle diameters of the magnetic particles are 7-150mu. The nonmagnetic developer is supplied on the layer 16 to form two layers in the nearly vertical direction, that is, on the outer circumference of a developer carrying member 12 and on its outside. When the member 12 is rotated in this state, the particles are circulated and moved in the arrow C direction by the actions of a magnetic field and gravity, and the developer in the mixture layer 16 is thinly spread electrostatically on the member 12. Since a very small amt. of magnetic particles is drawn out, and these particles do not grow to form chains or blocks of them, stable development can be executed for a long term.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 Ｌ１上立上月」野 本発明は乾式非磁性現像剤により静電潜像を現像する現
像方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a developing method for developing an electrostatic latent image using a dry non-magnetic developer.

【末且遺 近年、コピーのカラー化の需要増大に伴ない、自由に着
色可能な非磁性現像剤を用いる現像方法が注目されてい
る。In recent years, with the increasing demand for color copies, development methods using non-magnetic developers that can be colored freely have been attracting attention.

このような要求から、本件出願人等は、先に、非磁性現
像剤と磁性粒子とを収容する現像剤供給容器内で磁性粒
子による撹乱運動で非磁性現像剤を帯電し、現像剤保持
部材上に非磁性現像剤を塗布せしめ、それを潜像担持面
に搬送対向せしめて該潜像を現像する方法を提案したが
、長期間に渡る運転の後あるいは、使用する磁性粒子の
種類によっては、磁性粒子が現像剤供給容器内の磁界の
作用および現像剤保持部材との摩擦によって、現像剤供
給容器から鎖状に連なって流出し、１布された非磁性現
像剤との摺擦によって、非磁性現像剤が凝集したり、非
磁性現像剤層に、スジを発生させたり、さらには振動な
どのショックにより連鎖磁性粒子群が塊となって現像部
に至り、感光体と現像剤保持部材の間、で圧接され感光
体表面にダメージを与える可能性があった。In response to these demands, the applicants of the present application first charged the non-magnetic developer by the agitating movement of the magnetic particles in a developer supply container containing the non-magnetic developer and magnetic particles, and then charged the non-magnetic developer by the agitating movement of the magnetic particles. A method was proposed in which a non-magnetic developer was applied onto the surface of the latent image and the latent image was conveyed to face the latent image bearing surface to develop the latent image. , magnetic particles flow out of the developer supply container in a chain due to the action of the magnetic field in the developer supply container and friction with the developer holding member, and by rubbing against the non-magnetic developer spread, Non-magnetic developer may aggregate, streaks may occur in the non-magnetic developer layer, and shocks such as vibrations may cause chained magnetic particles to form clumps and reach the developing area, damaging the photoreceptor and developer holding member. There was a possibility that the surface of the photoreceptor would be damaged due to pressure contact during the process.

Ｌ豆立１進 したがって、本発明は前記の磁性粒子拘束部材から連な
って形成される磁性粒子塊の現像部への落下を防止し、
かつ、均一な現像剤薄層を形成させて良好な現像を長期
間に渡って行なうことのできる現像方法を提供すること
を目的とする。Therefore, the present invention prevents the magnetic particle clusters formed continuously from the magnetic particle restraining member from falling into the developing section,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a developing method that can form a uniform thin layer of developer and perform good development over a long period of time.

Ｌ豆夏唱誠 本発明によれば、非磁性現像剤と磁性粒子とを収容する
現像剤供給容器内で磁性粒子による攪乱匝動で非磁性現
像剤を帯電し、現像剤保持部材上に非磁性現像剤を塗！
１せしめ、それを潜像担持面に搬送対向せしめて該潜像
を現像する方法において、前記非磁性現像剤の塗布を現
像剤保持部材内の第１の固定磁界発生手段とそれに対向
して該現像剤保持部材の外部に設けられた磁性粒子拘束
部材により、少量の磁性粒子を漏出させつつ行ない、前
記現像剤保持部材の移動方向について、ｉ（１記磁性粒
子拘束部材の下流で、該現像剤保持部材の内部に設けら
れた第２固定磁界発生手段によって漏出磁性粒子が磁気
ブラシを形成することを防止することを特徴とする現像
方法が提供されるので、現像剤保持部材と磁性粒子拘束
部材との間から磁性粒子が定常的に流出し、しかも、流
出した磁性粒子は連鎖状に滞留することはないので安定
した現像が長期に渡って実行できる。According to the present invention, the non-magnetic developer is charged by the agitation movement of the magnetic particles in the developer supply container containing the non-magnetic developer and the magnetic particles, and the non-magnetic developer is charged on the developer holding member. Apply magnetic developer!
In the method of developing the latent image by conveying the non-magnetic developer to a latent image bearing surface and facing it, the non-magnetic developer is coated with a first fixed magnetic field generating means in the developer holding member and facing the latent image bearing surface. A small amount of magnetic particles are leaked out by a magnetic particle restraining member provided outside the developer holding member, and in the moving direction of the developer holding member, A developing method is provided in which leaked magnetic particles are prevented from forming a magnetic brush by a second fixed magnetic field generating means provided inside the developer holding member, so that the developer holding member and the magnetic particle restraint are prevented from forming a magnetic brush. Magnetic particles constantly flow out from between the member and the magnetic particles that flow out do not stay in a chain, so that stable development can be carried out over a long period of time.

Ｌ直進 以下本発明の実施例を図面とともに説明する。第１図は
本発明が適用可能な非磁性現像剤薄層形成装置の説明図
である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a nonmagnetic developer thin layer forming apparatus to which the present invention is applicable.

第１図において、１１は円筒状電子写真怒光体であり矢
印方向ａに移動する。この感光体ｉｔに対して間隙を介
して現像剤を保持する非磁性の保持部材１２が設けられ
、未実施例においてはこの保持部材１２は円筒状である
が、無端移動するウェブ状としても良い。電子写真感光
体１１についても同様である。この感光体１１の移動と
ともに現像剤保持部材１２を矢印す方向に回転移動させ
る。この現像剤保持部材１２に現像剤を供給するために
現像剤供給容器１３が設けられている。In FIG. 1, numeral 11 is a cylindrical electrophotographic photoreceptor that moves in the direction of the arrow a. A non-magnetic holding member 12 is provided to hold the developer with a gap between the photoconductor IT, and although this holding member 12 has a cylindrical shape in the non-embodiment, it may also be in the form of an endlessly moving web. . The same applies to the electrophotographic photoreceptor 11. Along with this movement of the photoreceptor 11, the developer holding member 12 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow. A developer supply container 13 is provided to supply developer to the developer holding member 12 .

現像剤供給容器１３はその下部近傍に開口を有し、該聞
１−１部に現像剤保持部材１２が設けられている。現像
剤保持部材は開口から一部が外部に露出しているので、
その表面は現像剤供給容器の内部から同外部へ移動し、
つづいて同内部へ戻る。The developer supply container 13 has an opening near its lower part, and the developer holding member 12 is provided at a portion 1-1 of the opening. A portion of the developer holding member is exposed to the outside through the opening, so
The surface moves from the inside of the developer supply container to the outside of the same,
Next, return to the same interior.

現像剤保持容器１３の下部は現像剤保持部材１２の下方
を包うように包囲体が形成されており現像剤か外部に漏
れないようになっている。現像剤保持部材１２の内部に
は固定磁界を発生する磁石手段１４が固定的に設けられ
ている。磁石手段１４は固定されているので、現像剤保
持部材１２のみが回転する。この磁石手段１４は後述の
第１固定磁界発生手殺としての磁性粒子拘束磁極２０、
第２固定磁界発生手段としての引出し磁極１８、搬送磁
極２１およびシール磁極２２を有する。An enclosure is formed at the lower part of the developer holding container 13 so as to wrap around the lower part of the developer holding member 12 to prevent the developer from leaking to the outside. A magnet means 14 that generates a fixed magnetic field is fixedly provided inside the developer holding member 12. Since the magnet means 14 is fixed, only the developer holding member 12 rotates. This magnet means 14 includes a magnetic particle restraining magnetic pole 20 as a first fixed magnetic field generating device, which will be described later.
It has an extraction magnetic pole 18, a transport magnetic pole 21, and a seal magnetic pole 22 as a second fixed magnetic field generating means.

現像剤供給容器１２の開口の上部近傍には磁性体よりな
る磁性ブレード１５（磁性粒子拘束部材）が配置されて
いる。この磁性プレート１５に対して現像剤保持部材１
２を介した反対側には磁石手段１４の磁性粒子拘束磁極
２０があるが、磁性粒子拘束磁極２０の位置は磁性プレ
ートｌ　５の対向する位置より現像剤保持部材１２の回
転方向上流側位置にある角度θ（５〜５０度）ずれて配
置されている。A magnetic blade 15 (magnetic particle restraining member) made of a magnetic material is arranged near the top of the opening of the developer supply container 12 . The developer holding member 1
On the opposite side of the magnet means 14, there is a magnetic particle restraining magnetic pole 20 of the magnetic means 14, and the position of the magnetic particle restraining magnetic pole 20 is at a position upstream in the rotational direction of the developer holding member 12 from the position facing the magnetic plate l5. They are arranged shifted by a certain angle θ (5 to 50 degrees).

かかる構成の装置の現像剤供給容器に磁性粒子あるいは
磁性粒子と非磁性現像剤とを含む混合体を供給すること
により、混合体層１６を形成させる。この混合体層を形
成する混合体は磁性粒子一番へ対して約５〜７０％（重
量）の非磁性現像剤を含むことが好ましいが、磁性粒子
のみとしても良い。磁性粒子の粒径は３０〜２００好ま
しくは７０〜１５０ミクロンである。各磁性粒子は磁性
材料のみから成るものでも、磁性材料と非磁性材料との
結合体でもよい。混合体層１６中の磁性粒子は磁石手段
１４の発生する磁界により磁気ブラシを形成し、この磁
気ブラシは後述の循環作用を行う。磁性粒子拘束磁極２
０と磁性ブレードｌ　５１１１１にも磁気ブラシが形成
されこれは混合体層１６の磁性粒子を現像剤供給容器１
３の内部に拘束する。The mixture layer 16 is formed by supplying magnetic particles or a mixture containing magnetic particles and non-magnetic developer to the developer supply container of the apparatus having such a configuration. The mixture forming this mixture layer preferably contains about 5 to 70% (by weight) of non-magnetic developer based on the amount of magnetic particles, but may include only magnetic particles. The particle size of the magnetic particles is between 30 and 200 microns, preferably between 70 and 150 microns. Each magnetic particle may be made of only magnetic material or may be a combination of magnetic material and non-magnetic material. The magnetic particles in the mixture layer 16 form a magnetic brush due to the magnetic field generated by the magnet means 14, and this magnetic brush performs the circulation action described below. Magnetic particle restraint magnetic pole 2
0 and magnetic blade L 51111 are also formed with magnetic brushes, which transfer the magnetic particles of the mixture layer 16 to the developer supply container 1.
Restrain inside 3.

この混合体層１６の上に非磁性現像剤を供給することに
よりほぼ上下方向、すななゎち、現像剤保持部材１２の
外周上および、その外側に、２層が形成される。この非
磁性現像剤に少量の磁性粒子を加えたものを用いて現像
剤層を形成しても良いが、この場合でも、現像剤層の磁
性粒子含有ＩＡは前記の混合体層１６よりも小さい。こ
の非磁性現像剤に、流動性を高めるためにシリカ粒子を
、および、感光体１１の研磨のために研磨剤粒子を外添
してもよい。２層の形成方法はこのように２段階に分け
て供給するものに限らず、例えば、混合体層１６と現像
剤層１７の全量分の磁性粒子と非磁性現像剤をほぼ均一
に混合したものを供給して、その後、現像剤供給容器１
３に振動を与えて、磁性粒子と非磁性現像剤の比重の差
および磁石手段１４の磁界により２層を形成させてもよ
い。By supplying the non-magnetic developer onto this mixture layer 16, two layers are formed substantially in the vertical direction, that is, on and outside the outer periphery of the developer holding member 12. The developer layer may be formed using a small amount of magnetic particles added to this non-magnetic developer, but even in this case, the magnetic particle content IA of the developer layer is smaller than that of the mixture layer 16. . Silica particles may be externally added to this non-magnetic developer in order to improve fluidity, and abrasive particles may be externally added in order to polish the photoreceptor 11. The method for forming the two layers is not limited to supplying the two layers in two stages as described above; for example, it is possible to form the two layers by mixing magnetic particles and non-magnetic developer almost uniformly for the entire amount of the mixture layer 16 and developer layer 17. After that, the developer supply container 1
3 may be vibrated to form two layers due to the difference in specific gravity between the magnetic particles and the non-magnetic developer and the magnetic field of the magnet means 14.

このように特に２層を形成させずに、磁性粒子と非磁性
現像剤をほぼ均一に混合したものを供給した場合でも、
十分な磁気ブラシを形成できる量の磁性粒子を含んでい
れば、実施可能であるが、磁気ブラシの長期的な安定性
維持のためには２層とすることが好ましい。Even when a nearly uniform mixture of magnetic particles and non-magnetic developer is supplied without particularly forming two layers,
This is possible as long as it contains a sufficient amount of magnetic particles to form a magnetic brush, but in order to maintain long-term stability of the magnetic brush, it is preferable to use two layers.

このように磁性粒子および現像剤を与えた状態で現像剤
保持部材１２を回転させると磁性粒子は、各磁極による
磁界および重力の作用により、第１図に矢印Ｃで示すよ
うに循環運動を行なう。When the developer holding member 12 is rotated with the magnetic particles and developer applied in this manner, the magnetic particles perform a circular motion as shown by arrow C in FIG. 1 due to the magnetic field and gravity of each magnetic pole. .

すなわち、現像剤保持部材１２の外表面近傍では現像剤
供給容器１３の下部の磁性粒子は磁石手段１４による磁
界と現像剤保持部材１２の回転の相互作用により現像剤
保持部材１２の外周にそって上昇し、このときに、非磁
性現像剤と現像剤保持部材１２の表面は接触して混合体
層中の非磁性現像剤は静電的に現像剤保持部材１２ｊ−
に塗Ｉｔｉされる。That is, near the outer surface of the developer holding member 12, the magnetic particles in the lower part of the developer supply container 13 are moved along the outer periphery of the developer holding member 12 due to the interaction between the magnetic field by the magnet means 14 and the rotation of the developer holding member 12. At this time, the non-magnetic developer and the surface of the developer holding member 12 come into contact with each other, and the non-magnetic developer in the mixture layer is electrostatically transferred to the developer holding member 12j-.
It is painted on.

本実施例において、非磁性現像剤は磁性粒子乃至は現像
剤保持部材１２との摩擦により帯電するが、好ましくは
磁性粒子表面に酸化膜または非磁性現像剤と静電的に同
準位にある樹脂などの絶縁処理を施し、磁性粒子からの
トリポ付与を少なくし、必要な帯電を現像剤保持部材１
２から受けるようにすれば磁性粒子の劣化の影響を防ぐ
ことができるとともに現像剤保持部材１２への現像剤塗
布が安定する。In this embodiment, the non-magnetic developer is charged by friction with the magnetic particles or the developer holding member 12, but preferably there is an oxide film on the surface of the magnetic particles or an oxide film at the same electrostatic level as the non-magnetic developer. The developer holding member 1 is insulated with resin, etc., to reduce tripoding from magnetic particles, and to transfer the necessary charge to the developer holding member 1.
2, it is possible to prevent the influence of deterioration of the magnetic particles and to stabilize the application of the developer to the developer holding member 12.

磁性粒子は現像剤保持部材１２の回転により」二昇して
行くが、磁性ブレード１５と磁性粒子拘束磁極２０との
間に形成される磁界により、磁性粒子は後述の一部分を
除いて、大部分は現像剤保持部材１２表面と磁性ブレー
ド１５の先端の間隙を通過することを妨げられる。した
がって、この部分の磁性粒子は、あとからつぎつぎに送
られてくる磁性粒子に押されて、第２図に矢印で示すご
とく旋回・反転して、その後、重力によりゆっくりと落
下する。この落下の間に現像剤層１７の下部の非磁性現
像剤を取込んで現像剤供給容器１３の下部に戻り、これ
を繰返す。The magnetic particles are raised by the rotation of the developer holding member 12, but due to the magnetic field formed between the magnetic blade 15 and the magnetic particle restraining magnetic pole 20, most of the magnetic particles, except for a portion described below, are is prevented from passing through the gap between the surface of the developer holding member 12 and the tip of the magnetic blade 15. Therefore, the magnetic particles in this area are pushed by the magnetic particles sent one after another, rotate and turn around as shown by the arrows in FIG. 2, and then slowly fall due to gravity. During this falling, the non-magnetic developer at the lower part of the developer layer 17 is taken in and returned to the lower part of the developer supply container 13, and this process is repeated.

一方、摩擦帯電された現像剤は非磁性であるため磁性ブ
レード１５先端と現像剤保持部材１２表面の間隙に存在
する磁界で拘束されず通過でき、磁性ブレード部に形成
された磁気ブラシ部で現像剤保持部材表面に鏡映力によ
る作用とともに均一に薄くコーティングされて現像剤保
持部材１２の表面に載って現像剤供給容器１３のが外部
に出て感光体１１の表面に対面して現像に供される。On the other hand, since the triboelectrically charged developer is non-magnetic, it can pass through without being restrained by the magnetic field that exists in the gap between the tip of the magnetic blade 15 and the surface of the developer holding member 12, and is developed by the magnetic brush section formed on the magnetic blade section. The surface of the developer holding member 12 is coated uniformly and thinly with the action of mirror force, and the developer supply container 13 that rests on the surface of the developer holding member 12 comes out and faces the surface of the photoreceptor 11 for development. be done.

前述の如く、大部分の磁性粒子は、磁性粒子拘束部材１
５の近傍で反転して落下するものであるが、現像剤保持
部１層材表面との摩擦および、引出し磁Ｊ４ｉ１８の引
出し作用により現像剤保持部材１３表面と磁性粒子拘束
部材１５との間隙から流出する。引出し磁極１８は磁性
粒子拘束ｍ極２０に対し反対極性のＳ極である。第２図
はこの流出状態を示す断面図である。As mentioned above, most of the magnetic particles are contained in the magnetic particle restraining member 1.
5, it turns around and falls from the gap between the surface of the developer holding member 13 and the magnetic particle restraining member 15 due to the friction with the surface of the developer holding part 1 layer material and the drawing action of the drawing magnet J4i18. leak. The extraction magnetic pole 18 is an S pole opposite in polarity to the magnetic particle restraining m pole 20. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing this outflow state.

ここで、磁石手段１４による磁界は、磁性粒子拘束部材
１５によって現像剤供給容器１３内に限定されることか
ら、磁性粒子拘束部材１５を境いにして、急激に減少す
るため、流出した磁性粒子は急激に磁界による拘束から
開放され、引出し＆１極１８によって微小量づつ現像剤
保持部材１２表面に塗布され、非磁性現像剤とともに現
像部に至るが、現像には供されることなく、現像剤保持
部材１２の回転によって搬送され、不図示の磁界によっ
て現像剤供給容器１３内に回収される。Here, since the magnetic field generated by the magnet means 14 is limited within the developer supply container 13 by the magnetic particle restraining member 15, it rapidly decreases after the magnetic particle restraining member 15 is the boundary, so that the magnetic particles that flow out are is suddenly released from the restraint by the magnetic field, and is applied in small amounts to the surface of the developer holding member 12 by the drawer & single pole 18, and reaches the developing section together with the non-magnetic developer, but the developer is not used for development. The developer is transported by the rotation of the holding member 12 and collected into the developer supply container 13 by a magnetic field (not shown).

現像に供されない理由は、磁性粒子が非磁性現像剤に比
較して重いこと、磁性粒子の密度は現像剤の１０倍以上
であり電界の影響を受けにくいこと、および、現像剤保
持部材内の磁極によって拘束されること、等である。The reasons why magnetic particles are not used for development are that magnetic particles are heavier than non-magnetic developer, the density of magnetic particles is more than 10 times that of developer and is not easily affected by electric fields, and being restrained by magnetic poles, etc.

なお、前述のごとく、磁性粒子は、大部分磁性粒子拘束
部材１５の近傍で反転して、磁性粒子拘束部材１５と現
像剤保持部材１２表面との間を通過しないため、流出す
る磁性粒子の量はわずかであり、磁界によって穂ブラシ
を形成しない程度のｂｌ、である。このようにして、引
出し磁極１８は、磁性粒子拘束部材１５と現像剤保持部
材１２の間からの磁性粒子の引出しを行なうとともに、
引出された磁性粒子が磁性粒子拘束部材１５から鎖状に
現像剤供給容器１３外方に向って成長して磁性粒子群を
形成することを防止する。As described above, most of the magnetic particles are reversed near the magnetic particle restraining member 15 and do not pass between the magnetic particle restraining member 15 and the surface of the developer holding member 12, so the amount of magnetic particles flowing out is small. bl is so small that it does not form an ear brush due to the magnetic field. In this way, the extraction magnetic pole 18 extracts magnetic particles from between the magnetic particle restraining member 15 and the developer holding member 12, and
The pulled-out magnetic particles are prevented from growing in a chain shape outward from the developer supply container 13 from the magnetic particle restraining member 15 to form a magnetic particle group.

つぎに、本発明の一具体例について説明する。具体例装
置において感光体１１は矢印ａ方向に回転する。現像剤
保持部材１２は矢印す方向に回転し、外径３２ミリ、厚
さ０．８ミリのステンレス（ＳＵＳ３０４）製である。Next, a specific example of the present invention will be described. In the specific example device, the photoreceptor 11 rotates in the direction of arrow a. The developer holding member 12 rotates in the direction of the arrow, and is made of stainless steel (SUS304) with an outer diameter of 32 mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm.

その表面は＃６００のアランダム砥粒を用いて不定型サ
ンドブラストを施し、周方向表面の粗面度を０．８ミク
ロン（’ＲＺ＝０．８５）にした。The surface was subjected to amorphous sandblasting using #600 alundum abrasive grains, and the roughness of the circumferential surface was set to 0.8 microns ('RZ=0.85).

一方、回転する現像剤保持部材１２内にはフェライト焼
結タイプの磁石手段１４を固定して配設し、その磁性粒
子拘束Ｗ、極２ｏであるＮ極は磁性ブレード１５に対し
て、現像剤保持部材１２の中心０と磁性ブレード１５先
端を結ぶ線から２５度（図示θ）傾けて設定し、現像剤
保持部材１２表面での磁束密度をピーク値で６００ガウ
スとした。さらに、磁性粒子引出し磁極１８として磁性
粒子拘束部材１５の下流（現像剤保持部材１２の移動方
向）５０度の位置に現像剤保持部材工２表面磁束密度４
００ガウスの磁極を設けた。On the other hand, a ferrite sintered type magnet means 14 is fixedly disposed inside the rotating developer holding member 12, and its magnetic particle restraining W and N pole, which is the pole 2o, hold the developer against the magnetic blade 15. It was set to be inclined by 25 degrees (θ in the drawing) from the line connecting the center 0 of the holding member 12 and the tip of the magnetic blade 15, and the magnetic flux density on the surface of the developer holding member 12 was set at a peak value of 600 Gauss. Furthermore, a developer holding member 2 surface magnetic flux density 4 is provided as a magnetic particle extraction magnetic pole 18 at a position 50 degrees downstream of the magnetic particle restraining member 15 (in the moving direction of the developer holding member 12).
A magnetic pole of 00 Gauss was provided.

磁性プレーＦ１５は厚さ１．ｏｍｍの鉄製であり、現像
剤保持部材１２の表面に対して間隔を１００ミクロンに
設定した。The magnetic play F15 has a thickness of 1. It is made of Omm iron, and the distance from the surface of the developer holding member 12 is set to 100 microns.

磁性粒子としては粒径８０〜１０６ミクロン、最大６２
　ｅ　ｍ　ｕ　／　ｇの球形フェライト（ＴＤＫ社製）
を８０ｇ用いた。一方、非磁性現像剤としてはポリエス
テル系樹脂１００部に対し、銅フタロシアニン系顔料３
部、負性荷電制御剤５部（アルキルサルチル酪金属錯体
）を内添し、シリカ０．６％を外添した平均粒径１２ミ
クロンの負（−）極性に帯電するシアン色の粉体を２０
０ｇ用意した。そして、上記非磁性現像剤と磁性粒子と
をよく混合した後、現像剤供給容器１３内に入れた。上
記現像剤供給容器１３内における非磁性現像剤と磁性粒
子との混合体、特にこの磁性粒子が磁界の下で現像剤保
持部材１２により搬送されることで循環運動する様子が
、現像剤が少なくなった状ｊ島で観察できた。As magnetic particles, the particle size is 80-106 microns, maximum 62
Spherical ferrite of e mu / g (manufactured by TDK)
80g of was used. On the other hand, as a non-magnetic developer, 3 parts of copper phthalocyanine pigment is used for 100 parts of polyester resin.
A negatively charged cyan powder with an average particle size of 12 microns, internally added with 5 parts of a negative charge control agent (alkyl saltyl buty metal complex) and externally added with 0.6% of silica. 20
0g was prepared. After the non-magnetic developer and magnetic particles were thoroughly mixed, they were placed in the developer supply container 13. The mixture of non-magnetic developer and magnetic particles in the developer supply container 13, especially the magnetic particles, is conveyed by the developer holding member 12 under a magnetic field and moves in circulation. It was observed on Nanaji Island.

この構成の現像装置においては、現像剤保持部材１２の
回転にともない現像剤保持部材１２の表面には、約８０
ミクロン厚の非磁性現像剤による薄層が形成できた。こ
の現像剤薄層をブローオフ法により帯電電位を測定した
ところ、−７マイクロク一ロン／ｇの電位で均一に帯電
していることを確認した。In the developing device having this configuration, as the developer holding member 12 rotates, the surface of the developer holding member 12 has approximately 80%
A thin layer of non-magnetic developer with a micron thickness was formed. When the charging potential of this developer thin layer was measured by a blow-off method, it was confirmed that it was uniformly charged at a potential of -7 microtrons/g.

この現像剤保持部材１２に対向する感光体ｌ１表面には
、静電潜像として暗部＋５００Ｖで明部＋５０Ｖの電荷
模様を形成し、現像剤保持部材１２表面との距離を３０
０ミクロンに設定した。On the surface of the photoreceptor l1 facing the developer holding member 12, a charge pattern of +500 V in the dark part and +50 V in the bright part is formed as an electrostatic latent image, and the distance from the surface of the developer holding member 12 is set at 30 V.
It was set to 0 microns.

そして、Ｌ記現像剤保持部材１２に対し電源１９により
周波数８００Ｈｚ、ピーク対ピーク植が１．４ｋＶで、
中心値が＋２００Ｖの電圧を印加したところ、現像むら
やゴースト像、更にほかぶりのない高品質の現像像を得
ることができた。Then, the power supply 19 is applied to the L developer holding member 12 at a frequency of 800 Hz and a peak-to-peak voltage of 1.4 kV.
When a voltage with a center value of +200 V was applied, a high-quality developed image without uneven development, ghost images, or other defects could be obtained.

また、現像剤保持部材１２の現像部ド流磁性粒子を捕集
する磁石を配設して、磁性粒子拘束部材１５と現像剤保
持部材１２の表面との間隙からの流出磁性粒子そ量を測
定したところ、現像剤保持部材１２表面の周速７０ｍｍ
／ｓｅｃ、、５時間連続回転の条件で現像剤保持部材１
２の長手方向１０ｍｍ当り０．６ｇのフェライト粒子か
測定されたが、磁性粒子拘束部材１５近傍には連鎖状の
フェライト粒子群の成長は認められなかった。In addition, a magnet is provided to collect the magnetic particles flowing out of the developing section of the developer holding member 12, and the amount of magnetic particles flowing out from the gap between the magnetic particle restraining member 15 and the surface of the developer holding member 12 is measured. As a result, the peripheral speed of the surface of the developer holding member 12 was 70 mm.
/sec,, developer holding member 1 under the condition of continuous rotation for 5 hours.
Although 0.6 g of ferrite particles were measured per 10 mm in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic particle restraining member 15, no chain-like ferrite particle group growth was observed in the vicinity of the magnetic particle restraining member 15.

ここで使用する現像方法としては特開昭５８−３２３７
５に記載の方法が好ましい。電子写真感光体１１と現像
剤保持部材１２との間にはバイアス電源１９により電圧
が印加される。バイアス電源１９は交流でも直流でもよ
いが、交流に直流を重畳したものが好ましい。現像によ
り供される′現像剤は混合体層１６から現像剤保持部材
１２に供給され、混合体Ｎ１６における不足分は、前述
の循環運動により現像剤層１７から供給される。The developing method used here is JP-A No. 58-3237.
The method described in 5 is preferred. A voltage is applied between the electrophotographic photoreceptor 11 and the developer holding member 12 by a bias power supply 19 . The bias power supply 19 may be an alternating current or a direct current, but preferably one in which alternating current and direct current are superimposed. The developer provided by the development is supplied from the mixture layer 16 to the developer holding member 12, and the insufficient amount in the mixture N16 is supplied from the developer layer 17 through the aforementioned circulation movement.

久」ＬΩ」Ｌ釆 以上説明したように１本発明によれば、微小量の磁性粒
子が引出され、しかも、この引出された磁性粒子は成長
して磁性粒子の連鎖や塊りを形成することがないので長
期に渡って安定した現像剤薄層の形成が確保でき、した
がって、安定し大現像が長期間実施できるものである。As explained above, according to the present invention, minute amounts of magnetic particles are extracted, and furthermore, these extracted magnetic particles grow to form chains or clusters of magnetic particles. Since there are no particles, it is possible to ensure stable formation of a thin developer layer over a long period of time, and therefore, stable large-scale development can be carried out for a long period of time.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は、本発明による現像方法を実施する装置の断面
図 第２図は、第１図の装置の主要部分を拡大した断面図で
ある。 符号の説明 １１：　電子写真感光体 １２：　現像剤保持部材 １３：　現像剤供給容器 １４：　磁石手段 １６：　混合体層 １７：　非磁性現像剤層 １８：　第２固定磁界発生手段 ２０：　第１固定磁界発生手段 第　ｔ　■ ！ 第　２　口FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for carrying out the developing method according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main parts of the apparatus shown in FIG. Explanation of symbols 11: Electrophotographic photoreceptor 12: Developer holding member 13: Developer supply container 14: Magnet means 16: Mixture layer 17: Non-magnetic developer layer 18: Second fixed magnetic field generating means 20: First fixed Magnetic field generating means No. t ■! 2nd mouth

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 非磁性現像剤と磁性粒子とを収容する現像剤供給容器内
で磁性粒子による撹乱運動で非磁性現像剤を帯電し、現
像剤保持部材上に非磁性現像剤を塗布せしめ、それを潜
像担持面に搬送対向せしめて該潜像を現像する方法にお
いて、前記非磁性現像剤の塗布を現像剤保持部材内の第
１の固定磁界発生手段とそれに対向して該現像剤保持部
材の外部に設けられた磁性粒子拘束部材により、少量の
磁性粒子を漏出させつつ行ない、前記現像剤保持部材の
移動方向について、前記磁性粒子拘束部材の下流で、該
現像剤保持部材の内部に設けられた第２固定磁界発生手
段によって漏出磁性粒子が前記磁性粒子拘束部材から現
像剤保持部材の移動方向に成長する磁気ブラシを形成す
ることを防止することを特徴とする現像方法。The non-magnetic developer is charged by the agitating movement of the magnetic particles in a developer supply container containing the non-magnetic developer and magnetic particles, and the non-magnetic developer is coated on the developer holding member to carry a latent image. In the method of developing the latent image by conveying the non-magnetic developer to the surface, the non-magnetic developer is applied to the first fixed magnetic field generating means in the developer holding member and to the outside of the developer holding member facing thereto. A small amount of magnetic particles is leaked by the magnetic particle restraining member, and a second A developing method characterized in that a fixed magnetic field generating means prevents leaked magnetic particles from forming a magnetic brush that grows in the moving direction of the developer holding member from the magnetic particle restraining member.