JPS6035088B2 - Automatic shrimp head cutting device - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は従来殆ど不可能とされているえび頭除去の自動
化を歩止りよく確実にすることを可能としたもので、頭
部穀をねじ切る作用によって頭部内に入り込んだ肉をも
取り出すことを特徴としたものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention makes it possible to automate the removal of shrimp heads with a high yield rate, which has been considered almost impossible in the past. The feature is that it can also remove the meat that has gotten into it.

えびは頭の内に入っている内臓が腐敗し易い故、胴体の
肉が変色して鮮魚が落ちることと、輸送運賃を安く上げ
るための冷凍容積を少〈するため、死んだら直ちに頭部
を切り落す必要がある。Since the internal organs inside the shrimp head are prone to rotting, the head of the shrimp should be removed immediately after it dies, to avoid discoloration of the flesh of the body and causing the fresh fish to fall off, and to reduce the amount of refrigeration needed to reduce shipping costs. need to be cut off.

ところが、えびはその形状から見て全体長さ方向からく
びの部分を的確にとらえる方法がないためと皮面がすべ
り難いこともあて自動的に頭部を切り離す機械は造り得
なかった。しかも、えびは高価であるため、頭も切ると
き肉の都止りよくするため、頭の内部に喰い込んでいる
人指しの半円形の肉を胴の部に残すように折り切る必要
もあり、胴体が轡曲しているえびは自動供給の方法にも
困難があり、頭部切断の自動化ができない原因となって
いて、食料として世界的にも永い歴史の中で未だに自動
化できない加工の１つとなっている。即ち、えびの形状
は第１図の如く頭部ａと胴体ｂの境目となる頚部は、上
部の薄膜ｃと下側の硬い皮ｄでつながって居り、手作業
では、頭と胴をつないでいる下側の硬い皮ｄを腹側から
頭部に向けて爪で剥すように掻き取り、第２図の如く臓
物の入っている頭部を分離して頭の中に入り込んでいる
頭部肉ｅを胴体に残すようにし、肉の歩止りをよくする
のである。本願に於ては本発明装置に導入するえび先づ
胴体選別機によって大小を一定寸法に選り分けるものと
し、装置内では胴体をチェンで挟んで移動する間に、同
時に頭を挟むチェンを左右速度を変えて高速進行中のえ
びの頭だけを数回廻し、抜き取るように切り離すことに
よって頭の中に入っている肉を胴体に付いたまま抜き取
り頭を分離することを特徴としたものである。However, due to the shape of shrimp, there was no way to accurately capture the neck from the entire length, and because the skin surface was difficult to slip, it was not possible to create a machine that could automatically separate the head. Moreover, since shrimp are expensive, when cutting the heads, it is necessary to cut off the meat in a semi-circular shape that has been dug into the inside of the head, leaving it in the body. Shrimps with curved bodies are difficult to feed automatically, making it impossible to automate head cutting, making it one of the processes that still cannot be automated throughout the world's long history of being used as food. It has become. That is, the shape of a shrimp is as shown in Figure 1, where the neck, which is the boundary between the head a and the body b, is connected by a thin film c on the top and a hard skin d on the bottom, and when done manually, the head and body are connected. Scrape off the hard lower skin d from the ventral side toward the head with your nails, separate the head containing the internal organs, and remove the head meat e that has entered the head, as shown in Figure 2. This allows the meat to remain on the body to improve the yield of the meat. In this application, the shrimp body sorter introduced in the apparatus of the present invention separates large and small shrimp into fixed sizes.In the apparatus, while the body is held between the chains and moved, the chain holding the head is moved at the left and right speed. This method is characterized by rotating only the head of the shrimp several times while it is moving at high speed, and then separating it as if pulling it out, thereby removing the meat inside the head while it is still attached to the body, and separating the head.

今その実施例を図によって詳細に説明すると、第３図は
本願装置の側面図で水槽１に候架して下部を槽底に内装
せしめた自動供給コンベヤー２の先端側に上下調節胸３
を有する傾斜枠体４を連接する。Now, to explain this embodiment in detail with reference to the drawings, Fig. 3 is a side view of the device of the present invention, and a vertically adjustable chest 3 is placed on the tip side of an automatic supply conveyor 2 which is mounted on a water tank 1 and whose lower part is housed in the bottom of the tank.
The inclined frame bodies 4 having the following shapes are connected.

傾斜枠体４内には、間に隙間を設け互に上向きに回転す
る１組の回転ローラー５，５とその上側に互に上向きに
反対方向に回転する案内ローフー６，６を軸設し、前記
回転ローラーの下半部上方の回転ローラーの間に、台枠
７のモーター８に運動せしめた駆動大歯車９を軸架し、
該駆動大歯車９には前方の２個の導歯車１０，１０と間
に多数の姿勢案内棒１１，１１…・・・を垂下固定した
回動連鎖１２を掛架し、案内ローラー６，６前方には近
援して挟み案内刃１３，１３を設け、更にその下側には
等蓮回動する１組の身挟みチェン１４，１４と上側に互
に速度を変えた１組の頭挟チェン１５，１５を駆動可能
に軸設したことを特徴としたものである。Inside the inclined frame 4, a pair of rotary rollers 5, 5 are provided with a gap therebetween, and the rollers 5, 5 mutually rotate upward, and above the rollers 5, 5, guide rollers 6, 6, which rotate mutually upward in opposite directions, are installed. A large driving gear 9 driven by a motor 8 of an underframe 7 is mounted between the rotating rollers above the lower half of the rotating rollers;
A rotary chain 12 in which two front guide gears 10, 10 and a large number of posture guide rods 11, 11, etc. are suspended and fixed therebetween is hung from the large drive gear 9, and guide rollers 6, 6 are connected to each other. In front, there are pincer guide blades 13, 13, and below them there is a pair of pincer chains 14, 14 that rotate at the same rate, and on the top side there is a pair of head pincers that rotate at different speeds. This device is characterized in that the chains 15, 15 are axially installed so that they can be driven.

１６，１６は選別機１７はえびを示した。16, 16, the sorter 17 showed shrimp.

次に作を説明すると、水槽に投入された原料えびは自動
供給コンベヤ２によって汲み上げられ、上下調節胸３で
傾斜角度を適宜調節した傾斜枠体４の回転ローラー５，
５の間の溝に送り込まれる回転ローラー５，５はその上
方の案内ローフー６，６と共に互に間隙溝中心に上向き
方向に廻すと、所要寸法より小さいものは数種に選別さ
れて選別樋１６，１６から落下し、一定寸法のものえび
が胴中に近づくとえびは頭部を上に直立する。Next, to explain the operation, the raw shrimp put into the water tank is pumped up by the automatic supply conveyor 2, and the rotating roller 5 of the inclined frame body 4 whose inclination angle is appropriately adjusted by the vertical adjustment chest 3,
When the rotating rollers 5, 5 sent into the grooves between the rollers 5 and 5 rotate upwardly around the center of the gap groove together with the guide rollers 6, 6 above them, those smaller than the required size are sorted into several types and sent to the sorting gutter 16. , 16, and when a shrimp of a certain size approaches the body, it stands upright with its head upward.

そしてローラーの傾斜によって直立しながら滑降する。
これは相対するローラーの断面の中心の一点に支えられ
軽い頭部が上になり、頚下の重い８同部が下になるから
である。そしてこの場合滑降するえびは垂直に固定され
た姿勢ではなく、滑降進行方向に小刻みに前後にゆれ動
きながら頭部は１００％上向きになって滑降する。又、
傾架した回転ローラーの両端から夫々２００ｃｍ長さは
断面真円のまま残し、中央部の対向する周面を約１．５
肌程度宛の削り面部１８，１８、１８，１８を設けるも
のとすればローラー軸に廻転振動を生ぜしめることなく
、溝間に載る多数のえびは回転ローラーの回転に伴って
滑降する間にこの削り面部を通過するとき振動はなく、
滑降し難〈くからみ付き易いえびは浮び上るようにして
ばらばらにほぐされ、互に重なり合うことなく溝間に一
列に並びながら能率よく滑降する、そして回転ロ−ラー
下端部近くの真円部ではえびは浄び上り動作をやめて、
回転ローラー間をややブレーキのかかった状態で、上下
動無くすべり進行する。Then, it slides down while standing upright due to the slope of the rollers.
This is because the head, which is light and supported by one point in the center of the cross section of the opposing rollers, is on top, and the heavy part under the neck is on the bottom. In this case, the shrimp gliding down is not in a vertically fixed position, but sways back and forth little by little in the direction in which it glides down, with its head pointing 100% upward. or,
The length of 200 cm from both ends of the tilted rotating roller is left as a perfect circle in cross section, and the opposing circumferential surfaces at the center are approximately 1.5 cm long.
If the shaved surface portions 18, 18, 18, 18 are provided to the skin level, rotational vibration will not be generated on the roller shaft, and the large number of shrimps placed between the grooves will be removed while sliding down with the rotation of the rotating roller. There is no vibration when passing through the machined surface,
Difficult to slide down (Easy to get tangled, the shrimp float up and come apart, and slide down efficiently while lining up in a line between the grooves without overlapping each other, and in the perfect circle near the bottom end of the rotating roller. The shrimp stopped its purifying motion,
It slides between the rotating rollers with a slight brake applied without vertical movement.

このとき案内回転ローラーはこのときの頭部を修正案内
する。そして切断するくびの部分を、ローラー断面の水
平に見て、中心部に位置させながら滑降し、次々に溝間
に挿入して垂直移動する姿勢案内樺１１・・・・・・に
よりブレーキかかって滑降速度のおそくなるえぴを立垂
を保持しながら一定の速度で押し出し、ローラー下端末
でスプロケットチェンの丸面による半円間隙から落ちな
いよう挟み案内刃１３，１３で通過させ、立垂姿勢を確
実に維持したまま、頭部と身部を夫々頭挟みチェーン１
５，１５と身挟みチェーン１４，１４に送り込んで挟み
込む、この両チェーンでは回転ローフー上をえびが滑降
する速度より早い速度で移動し、胸部は身挟みチェーン
１４，１４で左右等速で挟着しながら頭部のみは左右速
度を変えて追随するので、胸部が移動している間に頭部
は数回回転されくび部の硬い皮部がねじ切れ頭に入り込
んでいる肉を８同身に残したまま頭部が簡単に分離除去
される。以上の如く本発明に於ては、供給されるえびは
先づ一定寸法に選り分けられローラー間溝を立垂しなが
ら滑降し更に立垂状態を保持したまま頭部と身部を刻々
に挟着して送り、この状態で頚部のみを回転ねじ切り分
離するので従来不可能されたえび頭切除の自動化が極め
て確実にみかも高い歩止りで可能となし得る効果を得た
ものである。At this time, the guide rotation roller corrects and guides the head at this time. Then, the neck part to be cut is positioned horizontally in the cross section of the roller, and the roller slides down while being positioned at the center, and the brake is applied by the posture guide 11, which is inserted into the grooves one after another and moves vertically. Push out the epi, which has a slow sliding speed, at a constant speed while maintaining the vertical position, and pass it through the semicircular gap formed by the round surface of the sprocket chain at the lower end of the roller with the pinch guide blades 13, 13, and then move it vertically. While firmly maintaining your posture, hold the head and body each with chain 1.
5, 15 and pinching chains 14, 14, these chains move at a speed faster than the speed at which the shrimp slides down on the rotating lo-fu, and the chest is pinched at the same speed on the left and right by the pinching chains 14, 14. However, only the head follows at different left and right speeds, so while the chest is moving, the head rotates several times and the hard skin of the neck is twisted and the meat that has entered the head is 8 times the same body. The head is easily separated and removed while remaining in place. As described above, in the present invention, the shrimp to be supplied are first sorted into a certain size, then slide down the groove between the rollers while hanging vertically, and then, while maintaining the vertical position, the head and body are pinched moment by moment. In this state, only the neck is separated by rotary thread cutting, so automation of shrimp head removal, which was previously impossible, can be done very reliably and at a high yield.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図はえびの側面図、第２図は頭部分離状態のえびの
側面図、第３図は本願装置全体の側面図、第４図は要部
側面図、第５図、第６図は要部平面図、第７図、第８図
は作用時の正面図、第９図は回転ローラーの断面図であ
る。 ａ・・…・頭部、ｂ・・・・・・旦岡部、ｃ・・・・・
・薄膜、ｄ・・・・・・硬い皮、ｅ……頭部肉、１・・
・・・・水槽、２・・・・・・自動供給コンベヤ、３・
・・・・・上下調節脚、４・・・・・・傾斜枠体、５，
５…・・・回転ローフー、６，６…・・・案内ローフー
、７…・・・台枠、８・・・・・・モーター、９…・・
・駆動大歯車、１０，１０・・・・・・導歯車、１１，
１１・・・・・・姿勢案内榛、１２…・・・回動連鎖、
１３，１３・・・…挟み案内刃、１４，１４・・・・・
・身挟みチェーン、１５，１５・・…・頭挟みチェーン
、１６，１６・・・・・・選別樋、１７・・・・・・え
び、１８，１８、１８，１８・・・・・・削り面部。 多フ′ の 多２（幻 多３図 多４図 多 ５‘幻 第６図 ※ク的 多２■ 多？図Fig. 1 is a side view of the shrimp, Fig. 2 is a side view of the shrimp with the head separated, Fig. 3 is a side view of the entire apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 4 is a side view of main parts, and Figs. 5 and 6 are main parts. 7 and 8 are front views during operation, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the rotating roller. a...Head, b...Danokabe, c...
・Thin film, d...hard skin, e...head meat, 1...
...Water tank, 2...Automatic supply conveyor, 3.
... Vertical adjustable legs, 4 ... Inclined frame body, 5,
5...Rotating loft, 6, 6...Guiding loft, 7...Underframe, 8...Motor, 9...
・Drive gear, 10, 10... Guide gear, 11,
11...Posture guide shaft, 12...Rotation chain,
13, 13... Pincer guide blade, 14, 14...
・Pinch chain, 15, 15... Head pinch chain, 16, 16... Sorting gutter, 17... Shrimp, 18, 18, 18, 18... Cutting surface part. Many 2 (phantom 3, 4, 5' phantom 6 *ku's 2)

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １ 水槽１に傾袈した自動供給コンベヤ２と、当該自動
供給コンベヤ２の前方に、隙間を設けて互いに上向きに
反対方向に回転する１組の横架軸設した回転ローラー５
，５と、その上側に隙間を設けて互いに上向きに反対方
向に回転する１組の横架軸設した案内ローラー６，６と
、前記回転ローラー５，５の間の案内ローラー６，６の
間を垂直状態で移動する多数の姿勢案内棒１１と、前記
回転ローラー５，５の前方に近接して設けられた挾み案
内刃１３，１３と、その下側に互いに等速回動する１組
の身挾みチエーン１４，１４と、その上側に互いに速度
を違えた１組の頭挾みチエーン１５，１５を設けたこと
を特徴とするえび頭自動切断装置。1 An automatic supply conveyor 2 leaning over a water tank 1, and a pair of horizontal shaft-mounted rotating rollers 5 that rotate upward in opposite directions with a gap provided in front of the automatic supply conveyor 2.
, 5, a pair of horizontal shaft-mounted guide rollers 6, 6 that rotate upwardly in opposite directions with a gap above them, and guide rollers 6, 6 between the rotating rollers 5, 5. A large number of posture guide rods 11 that move in a vertical state, a pair of pinch guide blades 13, 13 provided close to the front of the rotating rollers 5, 5, and a pair of guide blades 13, 13 below which rotate at a constant speed with respect to each other. This automatic shrimp head cutting device is characterized in that a pair of head-picking chains 14, 14 and a pair of head-picking chains 15, 15 having mutually different speeds are provided above the head-picking chains 14, 14.