JPS6033671A - Absolute value circuit - Google Patents

Absolute value circuit

Info

Publication number
JPS6033671A
JPS6033671A JP14322083A JP14322083A JPS6033671A JP S6033671 A JPS6033671 A JP S6033671A JP 14322083 A JP14322083 A JP 14322083A JP 14322083 A JP14322083 A JP 14322083A JP S6033671 A JPS6033671 A JP S6033671A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
current
voltage
output
circuit
input
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP14322083A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Akira Matsuzawa
松沢 昭
Michihiro Inoue
道弘 井上
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP14322083A priority Critical patent/JPS6033671A/en
Publication of JPS6033671A publication Critical patent/JPS6033671A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06GANALOGUE COMPUTERS
    • G06G7/00Devices in which the computing operation is performed by varying electric or magnetic quantities
    • G06G7/12Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers
    • G06G7/25Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers for discontinuous functions, e.g. backlash, dead zone, limiting absolute value or peak value

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an absolute value circuit with high accuracy at a level near the threshold voltage by switching the routes of currents flowing two current output terminals formed in proportion to the difference of input potential in accordance with the polarity of the input voltage, and extracting the load voltage. CONSTITUTION:When the input voltage 1 is lower than the threshold voltage VTH, transistors 3A and 3B are turned off and on respectively. At the same time, transistors 11A and 12B are turned on by the output of a comparator 13. While the 3A and 3B are turned on and off respectively when the voltage 1 is higher than the voltage VTH. At the same time, the output of the comparator 13 is inverted to turn on transistors 11B and 12A. Thus an error produced at a level near the threshold voltage is set close to zero by switching the current routes. This error depends on the sensitivity of the comparator 13, and this sensitivity can be increased when necessary by a circuit in the comparator 13.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 N 発811 n *jA 21’ 4if 1iil
路IF I’、# + Aイ、ノf ;l;+ 7、−
従来例の構成とその問題点 入出力特(生があるり−見られた電圧に苅して折れ返す
ような特性を持った回路に絶対値回路と呼ばれておるが
、この回路の一般の回路114成を第1図に示す。
[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field N 811 n *jA 21' 4if 1iil
roIF I', # + Ai, nof;l;+7,-
Conventional configuration and its problems Input/output characteristic The configuration of circuit 114 is shown in FIG.

第1図においで1はアナロク信号、2にしきい値電圧、
3A 、3Bは線型の電圧電流変換を行う一対のトラン
ジスタ、4は同じく抵抗、6A。
In Figure 1, 1 is an analog signal, 2 is a threshold voltage,
3A and 3B are a pair of transistors that perform linear voltage-to-current conversion, and 4 is also a resistor, 6A.

5Bに電流源、6A、6Bは″電流・電圧変換用の抵抗
、7A、7Bは折れ返し特性を生じさせるためのエミッ
タを共通に接続したl゛ランジスク8げ電流源、9iI
i1冒)端、10に動作電源でらる。
5B is a current source, 6A and 6B are resistors for current/voltage conversion, 7A and 7B are a current source with an emitter commonly connected to create a folding characteristic, and 9iI
i1) At the end, the operating power supply is turned on at 10.

以上の構成に二F−・いて、アナ1ブク(R号1としき
い値電圧2間のτIL 4、“l−り1;′は抵抗4の
抵抗値により定められる電流値に変換され、トランジス
タ3A。
In the above configuration, τIL 4, "l-ri1;' between the analog voltage 1 and the threshold voltage 2 is converted into a current value determined by the resistance value of the resistor 4, and the transistor 3A.

3Bのコレクク°山流となる。このコレクク電流は抵抗
6A、6Bにより電汀に変換されて負荷電圧となるが、
この重重4にエミッタを共通に接続されたトランジスタ
7A、7BVrCよりベース電圧の高い方が選択されて
出力端9に発生する。この回路に対称なので、入出力特
性に第2図にIj−: したように、しきい値電圧VT
I(を軸として対象な折れ返し%性を有する絶対値回路
となる。
3B's collection ° Yamaryu. This collector current is converted into a voltage by resistors 6A and 6B and becomes a load voltage.
The one having a higher base voltage than the transistors 7A and 7BVrC whose emitters are commonly connected to the weight 4 is selected and generated at the output terminal 9. Since this circuit is symmetrical, the input/output characteristics have a threshold voltage VT as shown in Figure 2.
It becomes an absolute value circuit with symmetrical folding percentage with I( as the axis).

ところで、このような従来の絶対値回路においては第2
図に示したようにしきいli’+市;11近傍でに誤差
を発生させる。つまり、負荷抵抗6Aと6B間の電位差
をΔVとしたときに、出勾″+lシCI−の理想電圧か
らの誤差εff)は 号 で表わされる。
By the way, in such a conventional absolute value circuit, the second
As shown in the figure, an error occurs near the threshold li'+city;11. In other words, when the potential difference between the load resistors 6A and 6B is ΔV, the error εff) from the ideal voltage of the slope ``+l CI−'' is expressed by the number.

(2)式かられかるように、誤差εに次の碩εΣOΔV
>>VT (3A) ε=VT ・in (+)、 (3B )ΔV = ○ をとる。つまりしきい値電圧においては式(3B)で示
される値をとる。これは室温で一18mV でβる。こ
の値は絶11値回路を用いて6ビツト以上の精度で縦続
型に/D コンバー、グーを構成する場合などにおいて
無限できない値である。
As can be seen from equation (2), the error ε has the following value εΣOΔV
>>VT (3A) ε=VT ・in (+), (3B) ΔV = ○. In other words, the threshold voltage takes the value shown by equation (3B). This is β at -18 mV at room temperature. This value cannot be infinite when cascading /D converters and goos are constructed with an accuracy of 6 bits or more using an absolute 11-value circuit.

発明の目的 本発明はこのような従来の問題に鑑み、しきい値電圧近
傍の精度を向上し、高精度な絶対値回路全提供すること
ヲ目的とする。
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION In view of these conventional problems, it is an object of the present invention to improve the accuracy near the threshold voltage and provide a highly accurate absolute value circuit.

発明の構成 本発明の絶7・1値回路は入力電位差に比例するように
形成された2つの電流出力端を流れる電流の経路を入力
電圧の極性に応じて切り換えて負荷電圧として取り出す
ことにより、高精度化を図るものである。
Structure of the Invention The absolute 7/1-value circuit of the present invention switches the path of the current flowing through the two current output terminals formed so as to be proportional to the input potential difference according to the polarity of the input voltage, and extracts it as a load voltage. This is intended to improve accuracy.

実施例の説明 第3図は本発明の実施例における絶対値回路である。説
明全容易にするために従来例とノ1.仙の(黄成要素の
番号に第1図と同一にしている。第3図において、11
A、11B、12A、12Bに電流経路を切り換える電
流スイッチ全(1°C1成するトランジスタ、13に入
カフ1圧極性に応じ1出力状態を急峻に変化させる比較
器である。
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT FIG. 3 shows an absolute value circuit in an embodiment of the present invention. In order to simplify the explanation, the conventional example and No. 1. The numbers of the xian (yellow formation elements) are the same as in Figure 1. In Figure 3, 11
A, 11B, 12A, and 12B are all current switches that switch the current path (1° C1 transistor), and 13 is a comparator that sharply changes the output state according to the polarity of the input cuff 1 pressure.

この回路は例えば次の様に動作する。すなわち、人力?
ilJgIがVTI(以下の場合し王、トランジスタ3
Aがオフし、トランジスタ3Bが副ンする。同時に比1
敗器13の出力により、1ワンシスク11A、12Bが
オンしでいる。。
For example, this circuit operates as follows. In other words, human power?
If ilJgI is VTI (if
A is turned off and transistor 3B is turned on. At the same time ratio 1
Due to the output of the loser 13, the one-way disks 11A and 12B are turned on. .

一方、入力端子■がVTI以−1,の場合e;1、トラ
ンジスタ3人がオンジ、トランジスタ3Bがオフする。
On the other hand, if the input terminal (2) is -1 below VTI, e; 1, the three transistors are on, and the transistor 3B is off.

同11.ffに比1咬器13の出力が)y転し、1ソン
ジスク11B、12Aがオンしでいる。
Same 11. ff, the output of the output device 13 is turned to y, and the output switches 11B and 12A are turned on.

このようにして、この回路の’I’!j 1/l &:
を第4図に示すようになる。しきい値′屯[]−のJL
L’ttン以夕1の入力端h−においては″電流経路が
同じであるので、出力Aに実線、出力Bは点線となるが
、しきいrli’i屯圧において比較器13の出力状態
が変化し、これにより電流経路は切り換えられる。この
ため、出力人においてに木来しきい値を越えると点線の
ように出力電圧が降下してゆくものが再び実線で示した
ように」−昇してゆく折れ返し特性となる。出力Bも同
様である。本発明においてに電流経路を切り換えること
により、しきい値近傍の誤差を零に近づけることができ
る。誤差に比較器13の感度に依存しているが、これは
比1咬器13内の回路により必要程度に向」ユすること
ができ、従来例にaったような大きな、1す(差を発生
させないようにすることが可能である。寸た木兄り]に
よれば、出力を差動形式にすることも+iJ能でらる。
In this way, the 'I' of this circuit! j 1/l &:
is shown in Figure 4. JL of threshold value ′tun[]−
Since the current path is the same at the input terminal h- of L'ttton 1, the output A is a solid line and the output B is a dotted line, but the output state of the comparator 13 at the threshold pressure changes, and as a result, the current path is switched.As a result, when the output voltage exceeds the threshold, the output voltage drops as shown by the dotted line, but again as shown by the solid line. It becomes a turning characteristic. The same applies to output B. In the present invention, by switching the current path, the error near the threshold value can be brought close to zero. Although the error depends on the sensitivity of the comparator 13, this can be controlled to the necessary extent by the circuit inside the ratio controller 13, and the large difference It is possible to prevent this from occurring.According to Eri Suntagi, it is also possible to make the output a differential format.

発明の効果 以上のように、本発明に入力′旧位、;!=−に比例す
るように形成逼れた2つの電流出力端を流れる電流の電
流経路を入力端子の極+!Jに応じて切り換えて負荷電
圧として11v、り出すことにより、絶対値回路の高精
度化を実現でき、きらに差動出力化が可能になったとい
う効果を有する。
The effects of the invention are as follows; The current path of the current flowing through the two current output terminals formed so that it is proportional to =- is the pole of the input terminal +! By switching in accordance with J and outputting 11 V as the load voltage, it is possible to realize higher precision of the absolute value circuit, and has the effect that differential output is now possible.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図に従来の絶対値回路図、第2図は従来の絶対値回
路の竹1生図、第3図は本発明の実施例の絶対値回路図
、第4図は本発明実施例の’l’!i1?Jg図である
。 1・・・・・・入力電圧、2・・・・・しきい111゛
已1帖、3A。 3B・・・・・・入力端子を″jlX、流変換する1−
ランジスタ、eA、eB・・・・・・負荷抵抗、7A、
7B・・・・・・1−ランジスタフ1.11A、11B
、12A、12B・・・・・・?11流スイノチヲ購成
するトランジスタ、13・・・・・・比1咬器。 代理人の氏名 フ1゛理士 中 尾 敏 1刀 Ql、
か1名第1図 第2図 第 V丁Hへカ旬ソL 第3図 4図 VTI−1人力屹ル
Fig. 1 is a conventional absolute value circuit diagram, Fig. 2 is a Takeichi diagram of a conventional absolute value circuit, Fig. 3 is an absolute value circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is an absolute value circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. 'l'! i1? This is a Jg diagram. 1...Input voltage, 2...Threshold 111゛x1, 3A. 3B......Convert the input terminal to "jlX," 1-
Transistor, eA, eB...Load resistance, 7A,
7B・・・・・・1-Langistav 1.11A, 11B
, 12A, 12B...? 11th style suinochiwo purchase transistor, 13... ratio 1 bite device. Name of agent: Satoshi Nakao, Physician, 1 sword, Ql.
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 2 V to H Figure 3 Figure 4 VTI-1 Personnel

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 (1ン1対の入力端子間の入力m位;1;(を2つの電
流出力端を流れる電流差に線バ11に変換す2)電圧・
電流変換回路と、前記7(j流X′を電11−に変19
3する電流・電圧変換回路と、前記’il’i:流出力
i’i+、jの′混流経路を入力電位差の極性に応じで
IJJり助えて前記電流・屯圧父換回路に供給する11
月も11回路を有する絶対値回路。 や)切換回路が、入力電位差の庵1’lにより出力型1
ニド1i割生が急峻に変化する比較;i:(と、I’+
il記化1咬Rnによりスイッチングされるエミッタに
、 、Jl、J山に接続した1〜ランジスク苅による5
、ICμらス−(ノチとより(11r成されること7.
 %徴とスル’l’b1Vr、il’l :R]1lr
tt 間第1項に記載の絶交1イIC1回路。
[Claims] (1) Input m between a pair of input terminals;
a current conversion circuit, and converting the current 7 (j current X' into a current 11-).
3, and a current/voltage converter circuit for supplying the 'il'i: outflow output i'i+, j' mixed current path to the current/voltage converter circuit according to the polarity of the input potential difference.
The moon is also an absolute value circuit with 11 circuits. ) The switching circuit changes to output type 1 due to the input potential difference 1'l.
Comparison where Nido 1i splitting changes sharply; i: (and I'+
To the emitter switched by Rn, 1 to 5 connected to Jl and J mountains,
, ICμrasu (Nochitoyori (11r) 7.
% sign and suru'l'b1Vr, il'l :R]1lr
tt The disconnection 1 IC 1 circuit described in item 1.
JP14322083A 1983-08-04 1983-08-04 Absolute value circuit Pending JPS6033671A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14322083A JPS6033671A (en) 1983-08-04 1983-08-04 Absolute value circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14322083A JPS6033671A (en) 1983-08-04 1983-08-04 Absolute value circuit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6033671A true JPS6033671A (en) 1985-02-21

Family

ID=15333682

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP14322083A Pending JPS6033671A (en) 1983-08-04 1983-08-04 Absolute value circuit

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6033671A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2325266A (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-11-18 Secretary Trade Ind Brit Prismatic light redirecting blind or curtain

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2325266A (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-11-18 Secretary Trade Ind Brit Prismatic light redirecting blind or curtain

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