JPS6031663B2 - Vehicle tire retreading method using microwave heating - Google Patents
Vehicle tire retreading method using microwave heatingInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6031663B2 JPS6031663B2 JP52119378A JP11937877A JPS6031663B2 JP S6031663 B2 JPS6031663 B2 JP S6031663B2 JP 52119378 A JP52119378 A JP 52119378A JP 11937877 A JP11937877 A JP 11937877A JP S6031663 B2 JPS6031663 B2 JP S6031663B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tread
- rubber
- tie rubber
- tire
- tie
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title description 45
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 139
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 139
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010058 rubber compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000282461 Canis lupus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/52—Unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading
- B29D30/54—Retreading
- B29D30/56—Retreading with prevulcanised tread
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/52—Unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading
- B29D30/54—Retreading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C2035/0283—Thermal pretreatment of the plastics material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0855—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using microwave
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/04—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam
- B29C35/041—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam using liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/52—Unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading
- B29D30/54—Retreading
- B29D2030/545—Using chambers to apply heat and pressure, e.g. autoclaves for curing the retreaded tyres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2011/00—Use of rubber derived from chloroprene as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
- Tyre Moulding (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は予備加硫トレッドと、その組成物自体も本発明
範囲内であるタイゴムと称せられるゴムベース接着剤の
ストリップを用い、カーカス、接着ストリップおよびト
レツドからなるパッケージをマイクロ波加熱により共に
加硫する車両タイヤの再トレッド法に関するものである
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses a prevulcanized tread and a strip of rubber-based adhesive, referred to as tie rubber, the composition of which is itself within the scope of the invention, to form a package consisting of a carcass, adhesive strip and tread. The present invention relates to a method for retreading vehicle tires that are co-vulcanized by microwave heating.
公知の一般に使用されている方法に比し本発明により達
成せられる利点は経済的であることおよび技術的容易さ
にある。The advantages achieved by the invention over known and commonly used methods are economical and technical simplicity.
この新規方法による再トレツド法は従来法よりはるかに
短時間ですみ、そのため単位時間当りの生産性が大とな
り再トレッド装置のキャパシチーの有効利用によりコス
トが大幅に節約され、またこの新規方法では長時間高温
の破壊的影響あるいは悪影響下にさらすことなく、予備
加硫トレッドの有効な接着加硫を達成することができる
。原材料の高騰および労務費の上昇を生産量の増大にマ
ッチさせることは困難なため、こういったコスト増が新
タイヤ製造分野で極めて案じられている。The retreading process using this new method is much shorter than the conventional method, which results in high productivity per unit time and the efficient use of the capacity of the retreading equipment, resulting in significant cost savings. Effective adhesive vulcanization of the prevulcanized tread can be achieved without the destructive effects or negative effects of high temperatures. These cost increases are of great concern in the new tire manufacturing sector, as it is difficult to match rising raw material and labor costs with increased production.
新タイヤ製造での生産コストが大になるためタイヤ再ト
レツド分野の関心がたかまっている。循環利用という興
味も一つのファクターとなつている。しかしながら従来
の再トレッド工場は高価なもので生産キャパシチ−即ち
時間当りの再トレッド化タイヤ数が低い。Interest in the field of tire retreading is increasing as the production cost of manufacturing new tires increases. The interest in recycling is also a factor. However, conventional retread plants are expensive and have low production capacity, ie, the number of tires retreaded per hour.
従来の大部分の再トレッド法は予備加硫トレッドを用い
作業するものである。Most conventional retreading methods operate with prevulcanized treads.
予備加硫トレッドを用いるこういった方法は何れも、古
いトレッドを研削除去したあと、新しいトレッドをゴム
ベース接着ストリップによりカーカスに固着させこのタ
イヤを次に使用する方法に応じオートクレープあるいは
加熱マトリックス中に置く。大部分の方法ではこのオー
トクレープあるいはマトリックスの加熱を水蒸気により
行うが、オートクレープおよびマトリックス型双方のあ
るシステムでは電気加熱を採用している。各種方法での
加硫時間は1.5〜5時間である。再トレッドのための
別の主要方法においては新しい未加硫トレツドが用いら
れ、このものが加硫下に古いタイヤカーカスに固着せし
められる。All of these methods using pre-vulcanized treads involve grinding away the old tread and then fixing the new tread to the carcass with rubber-based adhesive strips, either by autoclaving or in a heated matrix, depending on how the tire is to be used next. put it on. Most methods use steam to heat the autoclave or matrix, although some systems, both autoclave and matrix, employ electrical heating. The vulcanization time for various methods is 1.5 to 5 hours. Another major method for retreading uses a new uncured tread, which is bonded to the old tire carcass under vulcanization.
最も広く用いられている再トレツド法のいくつかおよび
それらの最も重大な差異を以下に記載する。こういった
差異はトレッドをカーカスに固定させる際の最終作業段
階に主として存在する。1 バンダグ法(スェーデン特
許第340524号)トレッド模様のある予備加硫トレ
ッドをタィゴムの助けによりタイヤカーカスに固着し、
これをリム上に取り付ける。加硫処理中トレツドを安定
化させるため外部ゴムフードあるいはカバーが適用され
る。全パッケージをオートクレープあるいは加圧室に置
き、次で加圧室に加熱流体を導入し加圧し60〜150
qoに加熱する。同時にタイヤにオートクレープあるい
は加圧室の圧力より1.1〜3.歌Pa/の大きい内部
圧を与える。トレッドの接着加碗を得るための加硫時間
は約5時間で加硫温度は90〜93qoである。生産キ
ヤパシチ−は労働時間当りタイヤ約1個である。2 真
空加硫法
この方法はバンダグ法と実質的に同じ原理によるもので
ある。Some of the most widely used retreading methods and their most significant differences are described below. These differences primarily exist in the final step of fixing the tread to the carcass. 1 Bandag method (Swedish Patent No. 340524) A pre-vulcanized tread with a tread pattern is fixed to the tire carcass with the help of tie rubber,
Attach this onto the rim. An external rubber hood or cover is applied to stabilize the tread during the vulcanization process. Place the entire package in an autoclave or pressurizing chamber, then introduce heated fluid into the pressurizing chamber and pressurize to 60 to 150
Heat to qo. At the same time, the tire is autoclaved or the pressure in the pressurized chamber is 1.1 to 3. Gives a large internal pressure of song Pa/. The vulcanization time to obtain a bonded tread cup is about 5 hours, and the vulcanization temperature is 90-93 qo. Production capacity is approximately one tire per working hour. 2. Vacuum vulcanization method This method is based on substantially the same principle as the Bandag method.
しかしながらタイヤをリム上に取付ける必要はないが、
ゴムカバー(所謂ウルフオーム)をほどこす必要がある
。加熱は85℃の水で行われ、最近の装置ではこの水は
オートクレープ内の外層中に入れられる。トレッドへの
加圧およびトレッドの安定化は真空原理により達成せら
れる。加硫時間はタィゴム(接着ストリップ)の加硫速
度により2.5〜3.即時間である。設備投資コストお
よびキャパシチーはバンダグ法と実質的に同じである。
3 バルキャップ法
トラックタイヤ一つあるいは二つを収容する小さなオー
トクレープが用いられる。However, it is not necessary to mount the tire on the rim;
It is necessary to apply a rubber cover (so-called wolf ohm). Heating is carried out with water at 85° C., which in modern equipment is placed in the outer layer inside the autoclave. Pressurization of the tread and stabilization of the tread is achieved by the vacuum principle. The vulcanization time varies from 2.5 to 3.5 mm depending on the vulcanization speed of the tie rubber (adhesive strip). It's immediate. Capital investment costs and capacity are substantially the same as the Bandag method.
3. A small autoclave containing one or two bulk cap truck tires is used.
これらのタイヤはリム上に取付けられるがウルオームは
もうけない。これらのタイヤにはトレツドとタイゴムを
水および水蒸気から保護するため簡単な形のゴムカバ−
をかける。加熱は水蒸気で行われ、水蒸気室はまたトレ
ッドのための加圧媒体および安定器手段としても作用す
る。These tires are mounted on rims, but they don't make any rims. These tires have a simple rubber cover to protect the tread and tie rubber from water and water vapor.
multiply. Heating is done with water vapor, and the water vapor chamber also acts as a pressurizing medium and ballast means for the tread.
加硫時間は約90分でキャパシチ−は単位労働時間当り
タイヤ約0.6である。The curing time was about 90 minutes and the capacity was about 0.6 tires per unit of labor time.
4 フリースチームを用いるオートクレープ法タイヤカ
ーカスはリム上に取付けられない。4. Autoclaved tire carcass using free steam cannot be mounted on the rim.
トレツドはスチールあるいはナイロンの縦クランプによ
り保持される。タイヤ群はフリースチームと共にオート
クレープ内に入れられ、加硫処理中回転せしめられる。
オートクレープには通常6〜7本のトラックタイヤを入
れる。加硫は約2即時間で行われ、キャパシチ−は単位
労働時間当りタイヤ約0.6である。本発明は予備加硫
トレッドを利用するものである。The tread is held in place by vertical steel or nylon clamps. The tires are placed in an autoclave with free steam and rotated during the vulcanization process.
An autoclape usually holds 6 to 7 truck tires. Vulcanization takes place in about 2 hours and the capacity is about 0.6 tires per unit of labor time. The present invention utilizes a prevulcanized tread.
本発明の主目的はマイクロ波アプリケータ−を利用し予
備加硫トレッドを特殊なタィゴムすなわちゴムベース接
着ストリップによりタイヤ力−カスに固着せしめること
であり、このタイゴムはマイクロ波加熱の効果により軟
化・硫化し適用された熱効果により予備加硫トレツドが
破壊されたりあるいは著しく質が低下したりしないよう
な短時間内にタイヤカーカスおよびトレツドに固着する
。この方法において遭隅し、かつ本発明により解決せん
とする問題は、従来のトレツドおよびタィゴム材料の誘
電特性(所謂損率)が互いにことなるため予備加稀トレ
ッドの方がタイゴムより遥かに強く加熱されトレッドが
加硫されるまでに破壊されてしまう点である。本発明方
法でマイクロ波加熱を行うことにより達成せられる利点
は主として次の点にある。The main objective of the present invention is to use a microwave applicator to adhere the pre-vulcanized tread to the tire scum by means of a special tie rubber or rubber-based adhesive strip, which is softened by the effect of microwave heating. It cures and adheres to the tire carcass and tread within such a short time that the applied thermal effects do not destroy or significantly degrade the prevulcanized tread. The problem encountered in this method and which the present invention aims to solve is that because the dielectric properties (so-called loss factors) of conventional tread and tie rubber materials are different from each other, the preheated tread is heated much more strongly than the tie rubber. The problem is that the tread is destroyed before the tread is cured. The advantages achieved by performing microwave heating in the method of the present invention are mainly as follows.
この方法では時間が節約されまた単位労働時間当りの生
産が大であるため従釆法より種々なコストが低くなる。
設備コストが従来法のものより低い。This method saves time and has a higher output per unit of labor time, resulting in lower costs than the conventional method.
Equipment costs are lower than those of conventional methods.
品質は少なくとも従来法のものと同程度に良好である。The quality is at least as good as that of the conventional method.
この方法はいるいるな寸法のタイヤに用いられる。この
方法は作業環境の改善に役立つ。This method is used for tires of all sizes. This method helps improve the working environment.
この方法は作業場所の配置の点で融通性がある。This method is flexible in terms of location of the work area.
ある材料をマイクロ波で有効に加熱するためには所謂誘
電損率ご″が大でなければならない。In order to effectively heat a certain material with microwaves, the so-called dielectric loss factor must be large.
この損率は通常ゴム混合物中、温度に比例し急激に大と
なる。従って就中マイクロ波により加熱されるゴム材料
中のブリスタ−をさげるためマイクロ波の場をできるだ
けむらのないようにすることが重要である。この場が均
一であればある程高い温度になり、ブリスターないこ高
温がゴム材料に適用され処理時間が短くなりまたマイク
ロ波エネルギーのより有効な利用が可能となる。マイク
ロ波はすでに195世王代に圧縮成形前のゴムの加硫あ
るいは予熱に使用され始め、この方法は非常に複雑なゴ
ムでも迅速に加硫され良好な結果を与えるためそれまで
の方法に比し非常な進歩をもたらせた。This loss rate normally increases rapidly in proportion to temperature in a rubber mixture. It is therefore important to make the microwave field as even as possible, especially in order to reduce blisters in the rubber material heated by the microwave. The more uniform this field is, the higher the temperature will be, and the higher temperature will be applied to the rubber material in the blister, resulting in shorter processing times and more effective use of microwave energy. Microwaves began to be used in the 195th century for the vulcanization or preheating of rubber before compression molding, and this method was superior to previous methods because it cured rubber quickly and gave good results, even for very complex rubbers. It brought about tremendous progress.
押出ゴム製品の最終的加硫あるいは圧縮成形前のゴム製
品の予熱に用いられる種々な方法および装置がスウェー
デン特許第97304号、同第105210号、同第1
25411号、同第14807計号、、スウェーデン公
開特許出願第357918号、米国特許第347135
2号、同第3筋919ぴ号、英国特許第1311126
号、独乙特許第895371号、独乙公開特許出願第2
122578号に記載されている。Various methods and apparatus for preheating extruded rubber products prior to their final vulcanization or compression molding are described in Swedish Patents Nos. 97304, 105210 and 1.
No. 25411, No. 14807, Swedish Published Patent Application No. 357918, U.S. Patent No. 347135
No. 2, No. 3 No. 919, British Patent No. 1311126
No., German-British Patent No. 895371, German-British Published Patent Application No. 2
No. 122578.
また米国特許第2541644号には無線周波電流によ
り車両タイヤを加硫する特殊な装置が示されている。米
国特許第3880693号にはゴムポリマ一に基づく加
稀可能な組成物(高周波電場に置くと熱を発生する組成
物)の層を接着すべきフィルム同志の間に置き、このフ
ィルム組立の全体を約0.1〜約50山MHzの周波数
の蚤場中で加圧下に加熱する、ゴム材料の加硫フィルム
群を互いに接着させる方法が記載されている。Also, US Pat. No. 2,541,644 shows a special device for curing vehicle tires with radio frequency current. U.S. Pat. No. 3,880,693 discloses that a layer of a heatable composition based on a rubber polymer (a composition that generates heat when placed in a high frequency electric field) is placed between the films to be bonded, and the entire film assembly is approximately A method is described for adhering vulcanized films of rubber material to each other by heating under pressure in a flea field at frequencies from 0.1 to about 50 MHz.
最終生成物はシールおよび被覆目的に適しているといわ
れている。高周波加熱のこの教示をマイクロ波加熱によ
る車両タイヤの再トレツド‘こそのまま利用することは
不可能である。The final product is said to be suitable for sealing and coating purposes. It is not possible to directly apply this teaching of radio frequency heating to the retreading of vehicle tires by microwave heating.
マイクロ波の周波数範囲は1000〜100000MH
Zであり、米国特許第3880693号で使用されてい
る周波数範囲の0.1〜500MHZとは非常に異なっ
ている。該米国特許明細書に示されている装置はコンデ
ンサーから主として構成されそのプレートの間でフィル
ム形の材料が加熱されるものである。かかるコンデンサ
ーはその寸法が1/10波長以下である時に限り機能す
る。このことは高周波ではコンデンサーが1メートルま
での長さを加熱しうろことを意味する。代表的周波数2
450NIHZのマイクロ波周波の場合コンデンサーの
寸法は1伽以下でなければならない。もしこの寸法が大
であれば加熱の変化が生じ許容しえないことになる。こ
の点だけからでも何故前記米国特許の教示をタイヤ再ト
レツド化の問題に適用できないかが理解されよう。該特
許明細書には許容厚みは0.2〜2仇肌であると述べら
ている。この厚みは各種材料での所謂透過度により限定
され、透過度は周波数に反比例するので高周波で0.2
〜2仇伽まマイクロ波周波数での0.02〜0.2柵に
対応する。このように前記米国特許明細書の教示本発明
で解明さるべき問題に適用不可能である理由はより明ら
かである。前記米国特許では既に述べた如くHF装置が
用いられ、電極は加熱さるべき対象物の両側にもうけら
れる。Microwave frequency range is 1000~100000MH
Z, which is very different from the frequency range of 0.1-500 MHZ used in US Pat. No. 3,880,693. The device shown in that patent consists primarily of a condenser between whose plates a film-shaped material is heated. Such capacitors only work if their dimensions are less than 1/10 wavelength. This means that at high frequencies a capacitor can heat up to a meter long. Representative frequency 2
For microwave frequencies of 450 NIHZ, the size of the capacitor must be less than 1 C. If this dimension is large, heating variations may occur that are unacceptable. From this point alone, it can be seen why the teachings of said US patent cannot be applied to the problem of tire retreading. The patent specification states that the allowable thickness is 0.2 to 2 mm. This thickness is limited by the so-called transmittance of various materials, and since the transmittance is inversely proportional to the frequency, it is 0.2 at high frequencies.
~2 Clock corresponds to 0.02-0.2 fence at microwave frequency. Thus, it becomes clearer why the teachings of the above-mentioned US patent are not applicable to the problem to be solved by the present invention. In the aforementioned US patent, as already mentioned, an HF device is used, with electrodes placed on both sides of the object to be heated.
このことは本発明にかかる方法では全く不可能である。
たとえそうすることができたとしても、複雑になるだけ
で本方法により達成せられる利点は不利な点よりも遥か
に少なくなるであろう。前記特許明細書には誘電特性に
ついて損失がまわりの媒体中よりタィゴムでの方が大で
なければならぬと述べている。This is simply not possible with the method according to the invention.
Even if it were possible to do so, the advantages achieved by the method would far outweigh the disadvantages due to the added complexity. The patent specification states that with respect to dielectric properties, losses must be greater in the tie rubber than in the surrounding medium.
何度でこれが適用されるべきかについては記載がない。
測定データが与えられる際の一般的な室温を意図してい
るのであれば本発明にかかるタィゴムには逆の関係があ
てはまる。本発明においてはまわりの加硫ゴム材料とタ
ィゴムの関係を変えるのに温度上昇が採用せられる。前
記米国特許によればゴムでの誘電損失の変化において温
度の重要性は理解されておらずまた注目されていない。
むしろラミネートさるべきフィルムの組成に関連しタイ
ゴムの組成にのみ注意がはらわれている。さらにまた該
米国特許には第4欄、第23〜2群庁に接着すべき層の
間のタィゴムはこれらの層と同じポリマーを含むことが
好ましくまた必要であると述べられている。There is no mention of when this should be applied.
The opposite relationship applies to the tie rubber according to the invention if the typical room temperature at which the measurement data are given is intended. In the present invention, temperature elevation is employed to change the relationship of the tie rubber to the surrounding vulcanized rubber material. According to the US patent, the importance of temperature in changing dielectric loss in rubber is not understood or noted.
Rather, attention is given only to the composition of the tie rubber in relation to the composition of the film to be laminated. Additionally, the patent states in Column 4, Groups 23-2 that it is preferred and necessary that the tie rubber between the layers to be adhered to contain the same polymer as those layers.
あらゆる公知のゴム材料でのマイクロ波周波数での損率
は未加稀ゴムのものより低いこと力ミチ旨通できる。ゴ
ムを加硫するには大量の熱が供給されねばならず、熱伝
導率が極めて悪いので従来の加硫法では熱供給ならびに
熱の伝達に長時間必要である。タイヤの様に厚いゴムを
加硫する場合従来の加硫法では熱が表面から材料例えば
トレツド中へと伝導されねばならぬ。その結果ゴムの断
面での不均一加碗が屡々みられゴム製品の一番厚い部分
の中心付近で最低の加硫度となる。温度を高くすればす
るほど加硫の不均一性は大となる。あまりにも高温度に
なるとタイヤトレッドの表面の加硫だけとなり従って耐
摩耗性が急激に悪くなりあるいは完全に失なわれてしま
う。従ってタイヤの加硫に際しては最終タイヤの許容特
性を得るため比較的低い温度で長い加硫時間を用いる必
要がある。同じことが従来のタイヤ再トレツド化にあて
はまる。しかしながら、大きな輪送車タイヤの新規生産
における加硫時間が未加硫タイヤトレツドを最終加硫前
にマイクロ波エネルギーにより予熱することにより1/
3短縮しうろことが見出された(ラバーェージ、197
3王6月、第43頁、ダブりュ バルスミスおよびロバ
ート エーピーターソン「巨大タイヤマイクロ波法」参
照)。It can be concluded that the loss factor of all known rubber materials at microwave frequencies is lower than that of raw rubber. To vulcanize rubber, a large amount of heat must be supplied, and because of its extremely poor thermal conductivity, conventional vulcanization methods require long periods of heat supply and heat transfer. When curing thick rubber, such as tires, conventional vulcanization methods require heat to be conducted from the surface into the material, such as the tread. As a result, uneven curvature across the cross-section of the rubber is often observed, with the lowest degree of vulcanization near the center of the thickest part of the rubber product. The higher the temperature, the greater the non-uniformity of vulcanization. If the temperature is too high, only the surface of the tire tread will be vulcanized, and the wear resistance will deteriorate rapidly or be completely lost. Therefore, during tire vulcanization it is necessary to use relatively low temperatures and long vulcanization times in order to obtain acceptable properties of the final tire. The same applies to conventional tire retreading. However, the curing time in new production of large wheeled vehicle tires can be reduced by preheating the unvulcanized tire tread with microwave energy before final vulcanization.
3 was found to be shortened (Loverage, 197
(See ``Giant Tire Microwave Method'' by W. Balsmith and Robert A. Peterson, 3 Kings June, p. 43).
マイクロ波は途中過熱をもたらすことなくゴム魂中に鯵
透しうるので、温度があまり高くない限り全トレッドに
わたり均一な熱分布が得られる。ラバー ェージの前記
報告には、問題のタイヤ(2000ポンドトラックタイ
ヤ)での最適子熱温度は2100F(99qo)で均一
な温度分布が過熱の危険性ないこ得られたと述べられて
いる。この報告にはまた使用される特定ゴム混合物につ
いて損率が温度によりどの様に変わるかが示され、損率
が約1850F(8500)で急迅に増大し始めること
が明らかであると述べられている。もしタイヤを100
00より遥かに高い温度でマイクロ波エネルギーにさら
すと加熱プロセスの制御が困難になると述べられている
。こういった因子は、マイクロ波エネルギーを用いタイ
ヤを完全に加硫することを不可能ならしめる。すなわち
温度が加流温度に近づいた場合全タイヤトレッドにわた
る均一な温度を得るよう加熱プロセスを制御することが
できなくなる。上記文献にはゴム混合物の種類は加熱効
果にたし、しあまり影響がないようであると述べられて
いる。ラバ− エージの前記報告では未加硫あるいはあ
らかじめ最終的に加硫されたトレッドを用いタイヤを再
トレッド化するのにマイクロ波加熱を用いうるであろう
との可能性については何らふれていない。Microwaves can penetrate into the rubber core without causing overheating, so as long as the temperature is not too high, even heat distribution can be achieved over the entire tread. The Rubberage report states that the optimal core temperature for the tire in question (a 2000 pound truck tire) was 2100 F (99 qo) and that a uniform temperature distribution was obtained without the risk of overheating. The report also shows how the loss rate varies with temperature for the particular rubber mixture used, stating that it is apparent that the loss rate begins to increase rapidly at about 1850F (8500F). There is. If the tire is 100
It is stated that exposure to microwave energy at temperatures much higher than 0.00 will make the heating process difficult to control. These factors make it impossible to fully vulcanize tires using microwave energy. That is, when the temperature approaches the wash temperature, the heating process cannot be controlled to obtain a uniform temperature across the entire tire tread. The above document states that the type of rubber mixture does not seem to have much of an effect on the heating effect. The Rubber Age report makes no mention of the possibility that microwave heating could be used to retread tires using unvulcanized or pre-finally vulcanized treads.
その理由は上述の如く極めて簡単である。すなわち当業
技術者には公知方法を用い例えばトレッドの最終狐硫の
ためのマイクロ波加熱を行うと非常に不均一な分布の加
熱となりトレツドでの加硫度が変わることが明らかであ
るからである。トレッドの機械的特性に対する要求が非
常に大きいのでマイクロ波加熱でトレツドを加硫し良好
な結果を得ることは不可能である。この困難性は新規タ
イヤを作る場合にもまた未加硫トレッドを用いそれを古
いタイヤカーカス上において加硫処理する古いタイヤを
再トレッド化する場合にも認められる。The reason for this is extremely simple as mentioned above. This is because it is clear to those skilled in the art that microwave heating, for example for final vulcanization of a tread, using methods known in the art will result in a very non-uniform distribution of heating and will vary the degree of vulcanization in the tread. be. The demands on the mechanical properties of the tread are so great that it is not possible to vulcanize the tread by microwave heating with good results. This difficulty is present both in making new tires and in retreading old tires, where an unvulcanized tread is used and vulcanized on the old tire carcass.
本発明はあらかじめ加硫されたトレッドを用いそれをタ
ィゴムにより古いタイヤカーカスに接着し、タィゴムを
マイクロ波エネルギーにより奴硫することすなわち予備
加硫トレツドは適用される熱により害を受けないように
することが可能か否かの問題に関するものである。The present invention uses a pre-vulcanized tread and adheres it to the old tire carcass with a tie rubber, and the tie rubber is vulcanized by microwave energy, i.e. the pre-vulcanized tread is not harmed by the applied heat. This concerns the question of whether or not it is possible.
タイゴムは非常に薄い(約2肋)のでタィゴムの不均一
加熱の危険性は全トレツドの加硫の場合より少ないが、
あるかじめ加碗されたトレッドが破壊されたりあるし・
は耐摩耗性が大幅に失なわれる程の高温に該トレツドを
加熱することなくマイクロ波でタイゴムの加碗の仕事が
達成されねばならない。これが可能か否かはゴムのある
種特性すなわち誘電特性(どおよびtan6)による。
マイクロ波熱が既に加硫されているトレツドではないこ
タィゴムに集中されるように、タイゴム(ゴムベース接
着ストリップ)の加硫温度での誘電損率(ご″=ご・ね
n6)の方が加硫トレッドのものより大きいことが要求
せられる。そこで従来のタイゴムおよび既成加硫トレッ
ドについてまずこの要件に合致するか否かをしらべた。Since the tie rubber is very thin (approximately 2 ribs), the risk of uneven heating of the tie rubber is less than with full tread vulcanization;
Sometimes the tread that has been prepared in advance is destroyed.
The job of tying the rubber tie in the microwave must be accomplished without heating the tread to such high temperatures that abrasion resistance is significantly lost. Whether this is possible depends on certain properties of the rubber, namely its dielectric properties (coating and tan6).
The dielectric loss factor (go'' = go・ne n6) at the vulcanization temperature of the tie rubber (rubber-based adhesive strip) is lower so that the microwave heat is concentrated in the tie rubber that is not the tread, which has already been vulcanized. It is required to be larger than that of a vulcanized tread.Therefore, we first investigated whether conventional tie rubber and ready-made vulcanized treads met this requirement.
電磁界に置かれるある材料中に発生せられる熱効果は次
の等式で表わされる。The thermal effect generated in a material placed in an electromagnetic field is expressed by the following equation:
Pv=中・f・ど。Pv=medium・f・do.
・ご″・伍l2式中Pvは単位容積当りの熱効果
fはフィールド周波数
ぜ〜志・10−9
ご″は上記材料の譲露損率(ご″=ご・tan6)Eは
電界の強さ
ごは誘電率
6は誘電頃角
既に述べた如くトレッドが過度の加熱により破壊される
ことなくマイクロ波によりトレッドの加硫酸着を可能に
するためにはタィゴムは加硫トレッドより高い誘電損率
をもたねばならない。・In the formula, Pv is the thermal effect per unit volume, f is the field frequency, and 10-9. The dielectric constant of the rubber is 6, which is the dielectric angle.As already mentioned, in order to enable the vulcanization of the tread by microwaves without destroying the tread due to excessive heating, the tie rubber has a dielectric loss factor higher than that of the vulcanized tread. must have.
タイゴムの損率が大きいことの利点は次のように要求さ
れる。すななわちタィゴムの迅速な加熱、
加碗に必要なパワーが比較的抵し、こと、トレッドの温
度が低いこと、
市販のタィゴムおよび既成加硫トレッドが上述の要件に
合致していて加硫トレッドをタィゴムによりまた熱源と
してマイクロ波を用い加硫接着なしうるか否かをしらべ
るため、5種類のゴム材料すなわち1)既成加硫トレッ
ド、2)スチールラジアルタイヤ用の未加硫タィゴム、
3)バイアスコンストラクションタィャ用の未加硫タィ
ゴム、4)天然ゴムプレートの形の未加硫タィゴムおよ
び5)未加硫のパッチ中間シートゴムについての譲露率
ごと損失合筆an6を周波数24GHzでしらべた。The advantage of the high loss rate of tie rubber is required as follows. These include the rapid heating of tie rubber, the relatively low power required for the curing bowl, and the low temperature of the tread; commercially available tie rubber and ready-made vulcanized treads meet the above requirements and can be cured. In order to investigate whether it is possible to bond the tread by vulcanization with tie rubber and using microwaves as a heat source, five types of rubber materials were used: 1) ready-made vulcanized tread, 2) unvulcanized tie rubber for steel radial tires,
3) Unvulcanized tie rubber for bias construction tires, 4) Unvulcanized tie rubber in the form of natural rubber plates, and 5) Unvulcanized patch intermediate sheet rubber per yield rate combined loss an6 at a frequency of 24 GHz. Examined.
測定は2500(室温)、50℃、100℃および14
0℃で行われたが、この誘電測定結果を次の第1表に示
してある。Measurements were made at 2500 (room temperature), 50℃, 100℃ and 14
The dielectric measurements, which were carried out at 0°C, are shown in Table 1 below.
第1表
従来のゴム材料の誘電特性
従来のゴム材料の誘電特性
この譲露測定に基づいて、コンピューターシミュレーシ
ョンによりカーカスタイゴムおよび予備加硫トレツドの
同時的マイクロ波加熱を行った。Table 1 Dielectric Properties of Conventional Rubber Materials Dielectric Properties of Conventional Rubber Materials Based on this yield measurement, simultaneous microwave heating of carcass tie rubber and pre-vulcanized treads was carried out by computer simulation.
その測定結果によれば、従来のタィゴムは従釆の即成加
硫トレッドよりも誘電損率が低く、従って既存のタィゴ
ムと加硫トレッドを用いタイヤの再トレッドを行うのに
マイクロ波加熱を利用することはできないことが判った
。この結論は極めて明瞭に第1図に示されており、同図
には代表的なカーカス/既知タイゴム/トレッドの組合
せについてマイクロ波による加熱処理のコンピューター
シミュレーションが示されている。The measurements show that conventional tie rubber has a lower dielectric loss factor than the ready-to-vulcanize tread, and therefore microwave heating can be used to retread tires using existing tie rubber and vulcanized tread. It turned out that I couldn't do it. This conclusion is most clearly illustrated in Figure 1, which shows a computer simulation of microwave heat treatment for a typical carcass/known tie rubber/tread combination.
図から判るように、マイクロ波熱はタィゴムではないこ
トレッド‘こ集中している。現在最低温度で操作される
再トレッド法ではタィゴムを約9000にすることが要
求されている。タイゴムがこの温度になるとき、トレッ
ドはある部分では21000以上にも達し、これは許容
し得ない。本発明において解決さるべき問題は従って、
就中従来のタィゴムよりも高い誘電損率を有する新しい
タィゴムを配合し、マイクロ波加熱により既存の加流ト
レッドの加硫酸着をこの新しいタイゴムで可能となし同
時にカーカスとトレッドの満足すべき接着を達成するこ
とにあった。この新規方法においてタイゴムは子熱され
、それによりさらに温度と共に急速に増大する誘電損率
が大となるようになすことが好ましい。新開発のタィゴ
ム配合物について、その強度特性が測定された。As you can see from the figure, the microwave heat is concentrated in the tread, not in the tie rubber. Current retreading methods operating at minimum temperatures require a tie rubber of about 9000. When the tie rubber reaches this temperature, the tread reaches over 21,000 in some areas, which is unacceptable. The problem to be solved in the present invention is therefore:
In particular, a new tie rubber with a higher dielectric loss factor than conventional tie rubber is compounded, and this new tie rubber enables sulfurization of existing hot-flow treads using microwave heating, and at the same time provides satisfactory adhesion between the carcass and tread. It was about achieving. Preferably, in this new method, the tie rubber is subheated, thereby further increasing the dielectric loss factor, which increases rapidly with temperature. The strength properties of the newly developed tie rubber compound were measured.
また誘電特性(ご′およびtan6)が測定され損率ご
″が計算された。こういった結果に基づいて、コンピュ
ーターシミュレーションにより酸化タイヤカーカス、タ
ィゴム、既成加硫トレッドもこついての加熱法が検討さ
れた。新しいタィゴム配合物の製造ならびに試験におけ
る第1の要件は実験室試験(従来の組成の予め加硫され
たトレッド複合物プレートに対する加碗接着)において
14900の選択加碗温度でこれら混合物が二つの材料
間に完全に満足すべき接着を与えるべきことであった。
この要件に合致した試験配合物について誘電特性をしら
べタイヤカーカス/タィゴム/既成加流トレッドの組合
せでコンピューターシミュレーションにより加熱処理が
行われた。こういった試験で、トレッド材料との接着力
等満足すべき強度特性を示した混合物の全てが必らずし
もコンピューターシミュレーションテストに合格すると
は限らないことが判った。In addition, the dielectric properties (co' and tan6) were measured and the loss factor was calculated.Based on these results, the heating method for oxidized tire carcass, tie rubber, and pre-formed vulcanized tread was investigated through computer simulations. The first requirement in the production and testing of new tie rubber formulations was that these mixtures were tested in laboratory tests (bowl adhesion to pre-vulcanized tread composite plates of conventional composition) at a selected bowl temperature of 14900. The aim was to provide a completely satisfactory adhesion between the two materials.
The dielectric properties of test formulations that met these requirements were determined.The tire carcass/tie rubber/prefabricated hot-flow tread combination was heat treated using computer simulation. These tests have shown that not all mixtures that exhibit satisfactory strength properties, such as adhesion to tread materials, necessarily pass computer simulation tests.
こういった許容し得ぬ配合物は、タィゴムを加硫する時
間内にトレッドがあまり‘こも高温になることを防止す
るため、加硫温度においての誘電損率がトレッドの損率
より充分大きくなければならないという要件を満たさな
かった。第2図には各種タィゴムについての誘電損率ど
″が温度の函数として示されており、曲線1は第1表に
記載の従来のタィゴムで最良のものであった、しかも上
記試験では不適格のタィゴム、パッチ中間シートゴムに
ついてのもの、曲線2は本発明にかかる合格タィゴム(
その組成は後述)の損率曲線を、また曲線3は第1表の
加硫トレッドについての損率曲線である。These unacceptable formulations require that the dielectric loss factor at the vulcanization temperature be sufficiently greater than the tread loss factor to prevent the tread from becoming too hot during the time the tie rubber is cured. did not meet the requirement that the Figure 2 shows the dielectric loss factor of various tie rubbers as a function of temperature.Curve 1 was the best for the conventional tie rubbers listed in Table 1, but was also ineligible in the above tests. Curve 2 is for the tie rubber and patch intermediate sheet rubber, and curve 2 is for the passed tie rubber according to the present invention (
Curve 3 is the loss rate curve for the vulcanized tread shown in Table 1.
トレッド内とタィゴム内の熱発生の関係は既に述べた如
く大体はそれらの誘電損率の関係によるものである。こ
の関係は温度上昇と共に益々密になる。そのために本発
明においてはタイゴムの子熱が行われるのである。第2
図から子熱を行っても通常のタィゴムでは充分な解決に
ならぬことが判ろう。マイクロ波加熱により従来のタィ
ゴムに与えられる熱は熱伝導によりトレツドから与えら
れる。一つの型のタイゴムでの差異を示すため、コンピ
ューター計算を利用して加熱法がシミュレートされた。As already mentioned, the relationship between heat generation within the tread and within the tie rubber is largely due to the relationship between their dielectric loss factors. This relationship becomes increasingly tighter as the temperature rises. For this reason, in the present invention, the tie rubber is heated. Second
It can be seen from the figure that even if child heat is applied, ordinary tie rubber is not a sufficient solution. The heat imparted to the conventional tie rubber by microwave heating is imparted from the tread by thermal conduction. The heating method was simulated using computer calculations to demonstrate the differences in one type of tie rubber.
本発明方法においては前記理由からタィゴムは温水(約
120oo)により60〜80ooに子熱される。これ
をコンピューターシミュレーションにおいて考慮した。
すなわち本発明でのタィゴムの予熱は約70qのこなる
ものと考えた。第2図の曲線1にかかる不適格タィゴム
での加熱法のコンピューターシミュレーションにおいて
は、第2図から明らかな如く、予備加熱方法で誘電損率
は満足すべきレベルまで上昇しないので、予熱加熱は行
われなかった。In the method of the present invention, for the above-mentioned reasons, the tie rubber is heated to 60-80 oo by hot water (approximately 120 oo). This was taken into account in the computer simulation.
That is, the preheating of the tie rubber in the present invention was considered to be approximately 70q. In the computer simulation of the heating method for unqualified tie rubber according to curve 1 in Figure 2, as is clear from Figure 2, the dielectric loss factor does not increase to a satisfactory level with the preheating method, so preheating is not performed. It didn't happen.
例示のため、予熱なしでの不適格タィゴムのマイクロ波
加熱のコンピューターシミュレーションが、通常のトレ
ッド幅および厚さのトラックタイヤについて、先ず出力
密度5冊/地に相当する20kwの全マイクロ波パワー
で、次に高マイクロ波パワーが加熱法に影響をおよぼす
か否かをしらべるため、出力密度125w/洲に相当す
る50kwの全マイクロ波パワーを用い実施された。2
0kw(出力密度5肌/地)のマイクロ波パワーでのコ
ンピューターシミュレーションの結果が第3図に、また
マイクロ波パワー5肌wでの結果が第4図に示されてい
る。To illustrate, a computer simulation of microwave heating of non-conforming tie rubber without preheating was performed for a truck tire of normal tread width and thickness, first at a total microwave power of 20 kW, corresponding to a power density of 5 tires/ground. Next, in order to investigate whether high microwave power affects the heating method, a total microwave power of 50 kW corresponding to a power density of 125 W/h was used. 2
The results of a computer simulation at a microwave power of 0 kW (output density 5 skins/ground) are shown in FIG. 3, and the results at a microwave power of 5 skins w are shown in FIG.
第3図から、20kwの全パワーを用いてのこのタィゴ
ムのマイクロ波加熱において、それを140ooまで加
熱するには31分を要すること、が明らかであり、また
補外法により、前述の如く強度特性例えばタィゴムとト
レッド間の接着力を決めるため各種ゴムサンプルの加硫
が行われた温度の149qoまで加熱するのには約3流
ごを要するであろうことが決定されうる。第3図はこの
36分の間にタィゴムの温度は149℃まで上昇し、ト
レツドの最大温度は180qoよりわずか低い温度に達
することを示している。この149午Cという加碗温度
までの36分の開始時間以外に、このタイゴムを用いる
再トレツド化におけるこの温度での加硫時間を加えねば
ならない。この加硫時間は約10〜12分である。この
タィゴムが接着力および強度の要件は満たしているにも
かかわらず本発明目的においては不適格である理由は1
4900までの加熱時間38分間(プラスこの温度での
10〜12分間)があまり長すぎると判断されるからで
ある。本発明に従えば加硫サイクル(再トレッド化時間
)に対し全体で3び分未満が努力目標とされている。加
熱時間を短縮するためこの不適格タイゴムについてマイ
クロ波パワーを5皿wに増大させた場合第4図に示され
る如く、タィゴムが140℃に蓮するのに10.5分を
要し、橘外法で14900に達するのに125分要する
ことが計算される。From Figure 3, it is clear that in microwave heating of this tie rubber using a total power of 20 kW, it takes 31 minutes to heat it to 140 oo, and by extrapolation, the strength To determine properties such as adhesion between the tie rubber and the tread, it may be determined that approximately three cycles would be required to heat the various rubber samples to 149 qo, the temperature at which vulcanization was performed. Figure 3 shows that during this 36 minute period the temperature of the tie rubber increases to 149°C and the maximum temperature of the tread reaches just below 180 qo. In addition to this 36 minute start time to the pot temperature of 149°C, one must add the vulcanization time at this temperature during retreading using this tie rubber. This vulcanization time is approximately 10-12 minutes. Although this tie rubber satisfies the requirements for adhesion and strength, it is unsuitable for the purposes of the present invention due to the following reasons:
This is because the heating time of 38 minutes (plus 10 to 12 minutes at this temperature) to 4,900 degrees Celsius is judged to be too long. In accordance with the present invention, a total of less than 3 minutes for the vulcanization cycle (retread time) is targeted. In order to shorten the heating time, when the microwave power was increased to 5 w for this unqualified tie rubber, as shown in Figure 4, it took 10.5 minutes for the tie rubber to heat up to 140°C, and Tachibana Gai. It is calculated that it takes 125 minutes to reach 14900 using the method.
しかしこの間にトレッドの温度はそれぞれ210二0お
よび230qoに達し、トレツドの強度特性の点から採
用不可である。第2図の曲線2で示されている本発明に
かかるタィゴムの誘電特性を第2表に示す。However, during this time, the temperatures of the tread reached 21,020 and 230 qo, respectively, which made them unsuitable from the viewpoint of the strength characteristics of the tread. The dielectric properties of the tie rubber according to the invention, shown by curve 2 in FIG. 2, are shown in Table 2.
第2表
本発明にかかるタィゴムの誘電特性
第2表に示したタィゴムのマイクロ波加熱のコンピュー
ターシミュレーションを全マイクロ波パワー球w、20
kwおよび76kwでの加熱(通常のゴムの厚さ、トレ
ッド幅およびトレッド円周をもつ問題のトラックタイヤ
についてそれぞれ125w/淡、5肌/均および76w
/あの出力密度に相当)につき第5,6および7図に示
してある。Table 2 Dielectric properties of the tie rubber according to the present invention A computer simulation of microwave heating of the tie rubber shown in Table 2 was performed using a total microwave power bulb w, 20
heating at kw and 76kw (125w/light, 5 skin/even and 76w respectively for the truck tires in question with normal rubber thickness, tread width and tread circumference)
/ corresponding to that power density) are shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7.
出力密度125w/のに相当する弧wの全パワーの場合
(第5図)、タィゴムとカーカスの60ooまでの子熱
を考慮した。In the case of a total power of arc w corresponding to a power density of 125 w/ (Fig. 5), child heat of up to 60 oo of tie rubber and carcass was considered.
全パワー20kwではタイゴムとカーカスの6000ま
での予熱が考慮されまた全パワー76kwでもタイゴム
とカーカスの60ooまでの子熱が考慮された。At a total power of 20 kW, preheating of the tie rubber and carcass up to 6000 °C was taken into account, and at a total power of 76 kW, child heat of the tie rubber and carcass up to 600 °C was taken into consideration.
タィゴムの温度を140℃まで上昇させるのに全パワー
球w(第5図)では70分、20kw(第6図)では約
6分また7鉢w(第7図)では約50秒を要し、これは
149ooまで温度を上昇させる場合それぞれ約80分
、約6.5分および45秒に相当する。It takes 70 minutes with all power bulbs w (Figure 5), about 6 minutes with 20kW (Figure 6), and about 50 seconds with 7 pots w (Figure 7) to raise the temperature of the tie rubber to 140℃. , which corresponds to approximately 80 minutes, approximately 6.5 minutes, and 45 seconds, respectively, for increasing the temperature to 149°C.
これ以外に、前述の不適格タィゴムの場合の如く、加硫
温度での加硫を完了させる時間がある。この加硫時間は
試験タィゴムでは後述の如く10.4分である。このタ
イゴムを用いる再トレッド化の全加硫処理時間は従って
次の様になる。予備加熱 約
3分例えばマイクロ波パワー20kwで149ooまで
の加熱 約 6.5分仕上加硫
約10.4分合 計
約20分安全範囲を加えるな
ら、20kwのマイクロ波パワーでの再トレッドのため
の全加硫時間は約28分間で従来の1〜5時間程度の再
トレッド法に比し再トレッドでの加硫時間が大幅に短縮
される。In addition to this, there is time to complete vulcanization at the vulcanization temperature, as in the case of the nonconforming tie rubbers discussed above. The vulcanization time for the test tie rubber was 10.4 minutes as described below. The total curing time for retreading using this tie rubber is therefore: Preheating for about 3 minutes, e.g. heating to 149oo with microwave power of 20kw, and finishing vulcanization for about 6.5 minutes.
Approximately 10.4 minutes total
Adding a safety range of about 20 minutes, the total curing time for retreading with 20kW microwave power is about 28 minutes, compared to the conventional retreading method of about 1 to 5 hours. Time is significantly reduced.
パワーを大にすると加熱時間が非常に短くなる理由は、
マイクロ波加熱がタィゴムに集中され、熱伝導が平均化
に役立つ、すなわちエネルギーはタィゴムからトレッド
およびカーカスに伝導せられるからである。タイゴムの
温度が149℃に上昇したあとの、トレッドの平均温度
は5kwパワーの場合約130q○であり、20kwパ
ワーでもやはり130℃であるが76kwパワーの場合
には約100qoである。上述の配合物に対する各種要
件を満足させる各種パラメーターすなわちタィゴム配合
物の各成分の完全な関係を実験により見出すことは極め
て困難かつ時間を要することはいうまでもない。The reason why the heating time becomes very short when the power is increased is as follows.
This is because the microwave heating is concentrated in the tie rubber and heat conduction serves for averaging, ie energy is transferred from the tie rubber to the tread and carcass. After the temperature of the tie rubber rises to 149°C, the average temperature of the tread is about 130qo for 5kw power, 130°C for 20kw power, but about 100qo for 76kw power. Needless to say, it is extremely difficult and time-consuming to find out by experiment the complete relationships among the various parameters, ie, the components of the tie rubber compound, that satisfy the various requirements for the above-mentioned compound.
試験的にたしかめられた配合物の下記の例は従って本発
明を限定するものとみなされるべきではなく、本発明の
必須要件は加硫温度でタィゴムが予め加硫されたトレッ
ドよりも大なる誘導損率を有すべきであるという点であ
る。しかし今日までの試験ではタイゴム配合物中のポリ
マーおよび力−ポンプラックの種類が配合物の誘電特性
に対し極めて大きな影響を有していることが見出されて
いる。市販されている型の問題のトレッドに対し、下記
のタイゴム組成物が上記の各要件に合致することが見出
された。既に述べたところであるが、実験に用いられた
ものとは別の型のトレツドを用いての再トレッドでは、
トレッドがちがうと誘電損失がことなるのでタイゴムの
組成に関する要件に影響があることを指適しておく。し
かしこれは非常にことなるトレッド‘こ対してタィゴム
の組成に多分影響があるということにすぎず本発明思想
、すなわち加硫温度でタィゴムはトレッドより大きい損
率を有すべきであるという思想には変りはない。The following examples of test-proven formulations should therefore not be considered as limiting the invention, the essential requirement of the invention being that the tie rubber at the vulcanization temperature has a greater induction than the pre-vulcanized tread. The point is that there should be a loss rate. However, testing to date has found that the type of polymer and force-pump rack in the tie rubber formulation has a very large effect on the dielectric properties of the formulation. For commercially available types of treads in question, the following tie rubber compositions have been found to meet each of the above requirements. As already mentioned, retreading using a different type of tread than that used in the experiment
It should be noted that different treads have different dielectric losses, which will affect the requirements for tie rubber composition. However, this only means that the composition of the tie rubber for very different treads is likely to have an effect, and is not consistent with the idea of the invention, namely that the tie rubber should have a greater loss factor than the tread at the vulcanization temperature. There is no difference.
試験配合物は下記処方内で作られた。Test formulations were made within the following formulation.
クロロプレンゴム 80〜10の重量部ブ
タジェンゴム 0〜2の重量部酸化マ
グネシウム 6重量部樹脂
2重量部ステアリン酸
3重量部促進剤 2
〜5重量部加工肋剤 5重量
部軟化剤 15〜2の重量部べ
レツトサイズ<5加mの強化用ファーネスタイブの
カーボンブラック
50〜55重量部
酸化亜鉛 6重量部硫黄
1〜3重量部下記配合物は本発
明にかかるタィゴム組成物の特定例である。Chloroprene rubber 80-10 parts by weight Butadiene rubber 0-2 parts by weight Magnesium oxide 6 parts by weight Resin
2 parts by weight stearic acid
3 parts by weight accelerator 2
~5 parts by weight Processing agent 5 parts by weight Softener 15 to 2 parts by weight Carbon black for reinforcing furnace type for pellet size <5 mm 50 to 55 parts by weight Zinc oxide 6 parts by weight Sulfur
1 to 3 parts by weight The formulations below are specific examples of tie rubber compositions according to the present invention.
カーボンブラックHAFの代りにカーボンブラックFE
Fを用い配合物Aと同様の配合物Cも作つた。Carbon black FE instead of carbon black HAF
Formulation C, which is similar to Formulation A, was also made using F.
この配合物A,BおよびCについて誘電特性、ご、ねn
6およびど″をしらべた。Dielectric properties for the formulations A, B and C,
6 and ``I checked.''
配合物Bについての誘電特性が前記第2表に示されまた
第2図に曲線2として示され、また加熱法のコンピュー
ターシミュレーションが第5,6および7図に示されて
いる。The dielectric properties for Formulation B are shown in Table 2 above and shown as Curve 2 in FIG. 2, and computer simulations of the heating method are shown in FIGS.
ポリマーがクロロプレンゴムとブタジエンゴムの混合物
である以外は配合物Bと同じである配合物AなちびHA
F型のカーボンブラックがFEF型のカーボンブラック
で置きかえられた以外は配合物Aと同じである配合物C
についての誘電特性は第3表に示されている。Formulation A Nachibi HA which is the same as Formulation B except that the polymer is a mixture of chloroprene rubber and butadiene rubber
Formulation C, which is the same as Formulation A, except that the F-type carbon black is replaced with FEF-type carbon black.
The dielectric properties for are shown in Table 3.
第3表
配合物Aおよび0の誘電特性
こういった値を第2図のグラフと比較すると、配合物A
(クロロプレンゴムとブタジェンゴム)は本発明の要件
に合致するが、配合物C(HAFカーボンブラックの代
りにFEFカーボンブラックを用いたもの)は要件に合
致しない。Table 3 Dielectric properties of formulations A and 0 Comparing these values with the graph in Figure 2 shows that formulation A
(Chloroprene rubber and butadiene rubber) meet the requirements of the invention, but Formulation C (using FEF carbon black in place of HAF carbon black) does not meet the requirements.
すなわち加硫温度での損率がトレッドの損率より小さい
ことが判るo本発明にかかるタィゴムの加碗および強度
測定の実験室テストが実施され、配合物Aについて得ら
れた値を第4表に示した。In other words, it can be seen that the loss rate at the vulcanization temperature is smaller than the loss rate of the tread. Laboratory tests were carried out to measure the strength and strength of the tie rubber according to the present invention, and the values obtained for formulation A are shown in Table 4. It was shown to.
第4表 本 明にかかるタィゴムの物理特性 本発明にかかるタィゴムの物理特性 実施例 タイヤカーカスを適当な形にけづつて平らにする。Table 4 Physical properties of tie rubber according to the present invention Physical properties of tie rubber according to the present invention Example Cut the tire carcass into an appropriate shape and flatten it.
タイヤクラウンの損傷部にパッチングし、タィゴムスト
リツプと同じ組成の特殊液を適用した後あらかじめスト
リップに作られたタィゴムを適用さるべきトレッドと同
じ幅で、またカーカスの円周と同じ長さでタイヤクラウ
ンの上に適用する。次に予め加硫されているトレッドを
適用し、その長さおよび幅をクラウン幅およびカーカス
円周とあわせる。After patching the damaged area of the tire crown and applying a special liquid with the same composition as the tie rubber strip, apply the tie rubber made in advance into a strip with the same width as the tread to be applied and the same length as the circumference of the carcass. Apply on top of the tire crown. The pre-vulcanized tread is then applied and its length and width matched to the crown width and carcass circumference.
タイヤの回転中にこの全体の組立物をローフー装置で合
体させ、この場合トレツドとタイゴムの間に空気が閉じ
こめられることをさげるため先ずクラウンの中心から合
体を始め、その外端緑で終わらせるようにする。While the tire is rotating, this entire assembly is assembled using a low-foo device, starting at the center of the crown and ending at its outer edge to avoid air being trapped between the tread and the tie rubber. Make it.
タイヤに次に水用バルブのある内部チューブをもうけ、
カップリングリム上に取り付ける。The tire then has an internal tube with a water valve.
Install on the coupling rim.
これら工程は第8図に示され、図において1はトレッド
、2はタィゴム、3はカーカス、4は内部チューブ、5
はバルブ、6はリムである。タイヤの外側に第9図に示
されている空気抜き口のある外側チューブ(外側カバー
)をとりつける。These steps are shown in Figure 8, where 1 is the tread, 2 is the tie rubber, 3 is the carcass, 4 is the internal tube, and 5 is the tread.
is a valve, and 6 is a rim. Attach an outer tube (outer cover) with an air vent shown in Figure 9 to the outside of the tire.
全体のタイヤ集成体を第10図に示される如く2枚の加
圧プレートの間のオートクレープ中に入れる。The entire tire assembly is placed in an autoclave between two pressure plates as shown in FIG.
このオートクレープにはタイヤを一つあるいはいくつか
を入れることができる。第10図において7はオートク
レープのケース、8はオートクレープカバー、9はロッ
ク装置、10は加圧プレート、11はタイヤリム、12
は駆動モータ、13は二方バルブ、14はオートクレー
プ圧のための二方導管、15は内部チューブ、16は空
気抜き溝のある外側チューブ、17はマイクロ波アプリ
ケータである。オートクレープを密閉し、全ての連結部
を連結したあと、最終加稀処理を始める。This autoclave can hold one or several tires. In Fig. 10, 7 is an autoclave case, 8 is an autoclave cover, 9 is a locking device, 10 is a pressure plate, 11 is a tire rim, 12
13 is a drive motor, 13 is a two-way valve, 14 is a two-way conduit for autoclaving pressure, 15 is an inner tube, 16 is an outer tube with an air vent groove, and 17 is a microwave applicator. After sealing the autoclave and connecting all connections, the final curing process begins.
タイヤの内部チューブ15を約75皿pa/地の圧(タ
イヤの使用圧力)まで温水(約120℃)で充満させる
。The inner tube 15 of the tire is filled with warm water (about 120° C.) to about 75 pa/ground pressure (tire working pressure).
この温水はタィゴムがマイクロ波加熱で加熱加硫される
のに良好な誘電特性をもつように、タィゴムを子熱する
働きがある。オートクレープを空気で約500kpa/
地の圧まで充満させる。This hot water serves to heat the tie rubber so that it has good dielectric properties when it is heated and vulcanized by microwave heating. Approximately 500kpa/autoclape with air
Fill it to the pressure of the earth.
カーカスとトレッドの最適接着を得るためタイヤ内部圧
とタイヤの外圧の差すなわちオートクレ−プ圧は約20
0〜250kpaであるべきである。To obtain optimal adhesion between the carcass and tread, the difference between the tire internal pressure and the tire external pressure, that is, the autoclave pressure, is approximately 20
It should be between 0 and 250 kpa.
トレッドと外側チューブの間の瓶促空気はオートクレー
プ圧と大気圧の差により導出ラインを通じ排気される。
オートクレープ圧はトレッドを加硫処理中適正な位置に
保持する。タイヤの両側にある加圧プレート1川ま弾性
外側チューブ16とタイヤの側面との間の完全なシール
を可能となし空気がトレッドとタィゴムの間に押し入れ
られることを防止する。The bottled air between the tread and the outer tube is evacuated through the outlet line due to the difference between autoclave pressure and atmospheric pressure.
The autoclave pressure holds the tread in place during the vulcanization process. Pressure plates on both sides of the tire enable a complete seal between the elastic outer tube 16 and the side of the tire, preventing air from being forced between the tread and the tie rubber.
次にオートクレープ内にもうけられているマイクロ波ア
プリケータ−17によりマイクロ波加熱を開始し、その
間タイヤは加熱効果ならびに所望の硬化度に対し調節さ
れたスピードで回転せしめられる。Microwave heating is then initiated by means of a microwave applicator 17 located within the autoclave, during which the tire is rotated at a speed adjusted to the heating effect and the desired degree of hardening.
第1図はカーカス/公知タィゴム/トレッドの組合せ物
にマイクロ波加熱処理を行った場合、夕ィゴムが所定温
度に達した際他の構成員が達する温度分布を示したもの
であり、第2図は各種タィゴムについての温度(機軸)
対誘電損率(縦軸)の関係図で、曲線1は本発明外のタ
ィゴム、曲線2は本発明のタィゴム、曲線3は加硫トレ
ツドの誘電損率曲線であり、第3図ならびに第4図はト
ラックタイヤに従釆公知のタィゴムを用し、加流トレツ
ドをそれぞれマイクロ波パワー20kwおよび50kw
で加熱処理し加硫酸着した場合のタイヤ各構成部員の経
時的温度変化を示したものであり、第5,6ならびに7
図は本発明のタィゴムを用い、マイクロ波パワーがそれ
ぞれ20kw、50kw、7舷wである場合の第3図な
らびに第4図と同様の図であり、第8、第9および第1
0図は本発明方法を説明するための図であり、第8図は
カーカス上にタィゴムを介し加硫トレツドが置かれ、か
つタィゴム子熱のため温水の導入せられる内部チューブ
がもうけられさらにこれら組立物にリムがもうけられた
タイヤ組立物の斜視図であり、第9図は第8図の組立物
の外側にかぶせられる外側カバーの斜視図であり、第1
0図はこのタイヤ組立物がマイクロ波アプリケータ−の
もうけられているオートクレープ内に挿入設置された状
態を示す断面図ある。
FIG。
lFIG.2
FIG.3
FIG.ム
FIG.5
FIG.8
FIG.9
FIG二6
FIG.7
FIG.10Figure 1 shows the temperature distribution reached by other members when the tie rubber reaches a predetermined temperature when the carcass/known tie rubber/tread combination is subjected to microwave heating treatment. is the temperature (axis) of various tie rubbers.
In the relationship diagram of dielectric loss factor (vertical axis), curve 1 is the tie rubber other than the present invention, curve 2 is the tie rubber of the present invention, and curve 3 is the dielectric loss factor curve of the vulcanized tread. The figure shows a truck tire using a well-known tie rubber and a microwave power of 20kw and 50kw, respectively.
This figure shows the temperature change over time of each component of the tire when it is heat-treated and vulcanized and sulfated.
The figure is similar to Figures 3 and 4 when the tie rubber of the present invention is used and the microwave power is 20kw, 50kw, and 7w, respectively, and the 8th, 9th, and 1st
Figure 0 is a diagram for explaining the method of the present invention, and Figure 8 shows a carcass in which a vulcanizing tread is placed through a tie rubber, and an inner tube is provided through which warm water is introduced to heat the tie rubber. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a tire assembly with a rim provided thereon; FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an outer cover placed over the outside of the assembly of FIG. 8;
FIG. 0 is a sectional view showing the tire assembly inserted into an autoclave in which a microwave applicator has been prepared. FIG. lFIG. 2 FIG. 3 FIG. MuFIG. 5 FIG. 8 FIG. 9 FIG26 FIG. 7 FIG. 10
Claims (1)
りスクレープし損傷部があればそれを修理し、(b)
接着ストリツプに対する選択加硫温度での誘電損率ε″
=ε・tanδ(式中εは誘電率を、またδは誘電損失
角を表わす)が予備加硫トレツドの損率より大きいゴム
ベース接着剤のストリツプ2をタイヤカーカスに適用し
、(c) 予備加硫トレツド1を接着ストリツプ2の上
に適用し、カーカス、接着ストリツプおよびトレツドか
らなる集成体をローラー装置で接合し、タイヤに水用の
内部チユーブ4,15がもうけられ、リム6,11の上
に取付けられまた空気抜き口のある外部チユーブ(外部
カバー)(第10図および第9図、16)がもうけられ
、(d) タイヤの全集成体を2枚の加圧プレート10
の間のオートクレーブ内に置き、内部チユーブ15に温
水を満たして約750KPa/cm^2の圧力となし、
オートクレーブ室を空気で約500KPa/cm^2の
圧力に満たし、(e) カーカス、接着ストリツプおよ
びトレツドからなる集成体を回転させオートクレーブ内
に設けたマイクロ波アプリケーター17からのマイクロ
波エネルギーにより共に加硫せしめる、ことを特徴とす
る予備加硫トレツドおよびタイゴムを用い車両タイヤを
再トレツドする方法。 2 内部チユーブ内の温水が約120℃の高温水で接着
ストリツプの誘電損率を大ならしめる目的で内部から接
着ストリツプを約60〜80℃に予備加熱する特許請求
の範囲第1項記載の方法。[Claims] 1(a) A tire carcass 3 is made by a method known per se, scraped and any damaged parts are repaired; (b)
Dielectric loss factor ε″ at selected vulcanization temperature for adhesive strip
= ε·tan δ (where ε represents the dielectric constant and δ represents the dielectric loss angle) is applied to the tire carcass a strip 2 of rubber-based adhesive whose loss factor is greater than the loss factor of the pre-vulcanized tread; (c) preliminary The vulcanized tread 1 is applied on top of the adhesive strip 2 and the assembly consisting of the carcass, adhesive strip and tread is joined with a roller device, the tire is provided with internal tubes 4, 15 for water and the rims 6, 11 are joined. An external tube (external cover) (FIGS. 10 and 9, 16) is provided which is mounted on top and has an air vent (FIGS. 10 and 9, 16);
Place it in an autoclave between the two, and fill the internal tube 15 with hot water to create a pressure of about 750 KPa/cm^2,
The autoclave chamber is filled with air to a pressure of approximately 500 KPa/cm^2, and (e) the assembly consisting of the carcass, adhesive strip and tread is rotated and vulcanized together by microwave energy from a microwave applicator 17 provided within the autoclave. A method of retreading a vehicle tire using a prevulcanized tread and tie rubber, characterized in that: 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the hot water in the inner tube is preheated from the inside to about 60-80° C. for the purpose of increasing the dielectric loss factor of the adhesive strip with high-temperature water of about 120° C. .
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE7610987A SE441078B (en) | 1976-10-04 | 1976-10-04 | VIEW TO REGUMMER VEHICLE TIRES USING A PRULGED TIRE AND A BINDING GUM, AND RUBBER BINDING MATERIAL FOR USE WHEN REGARDING VEHICLE TIRES ACCORDING TO THE SET |
SE7610987-5 | 1976-10-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5345387A JPS5345387A (en) | 1978-04-24 |
JPS6031663B2 true JPS6031663B2 (en) | 1985-07-23 |
Family
ID=20329038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP52119378A Expired JPS6031663B2 (en) | 1976-10-04 | 1977-10-03 | Vehicle tire retreading method using microwave heating |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4157930A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6031663B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1086462A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2744391A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2366121A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1587889A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1143857B (en) |
NL (1) | NL188459C (en) |
SE (1) | SE441078B (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE439450B (en) * | 1982-01-20 | 1985-06-17 | Q & Q Retreading System Ab | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR REGUMING OF VEHICLE TIRES |
SE440624B (en) * | 1982-05-12 | 1985-08-12 | Q & Q Retreading System Ab | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR REGUMMERING OF VEHICLE TIRES |
US4469450A (en) * | 1982-06-01 | 1984-09-04 | The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company | Electroacoustic method for nondestructively monitoring the internal temperature of objects |
ATE56590T1 (en) * | 1985-09-12 | 1990-10-15 | Frisco Findus Ag | PROCESS FOR MAKING A FOOD COATING. |
US4940445A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1990-07-10 | Desportes Aubrey S | Tire and process for making a tire |
DE4420198A1 (en) * | 1994-06-09 | 1995-12-14 | Sp Reifenwerke Gmbh | Use of controlled microwave radiation for tyre vulcanisation |
DE19800289C2 (en) * | 1998-01-07 | 2000-03-16 | Continental Ag | Process for the production of pneumatic tires |
DE10119809B4 (en) * | 2001-04-23 | 2006-06-08 | Advanced Photonics Technologies Ag | Method and device for producing a profile |
WO2002090092A1 (en) * | 2001-05-04 | 2002-11-14 | Drebor Indústria De Artefatos De Borracha Ltda. | A device and a process for the retreading of tires |
AU2003232354A1 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2003-12-22 | Imwro Ltd | Apparatus for warming a tyre on a wheel to a temperature required for vehicle racing |
ITMI20060447A1 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-15 | Paper Technologies S R L | METHOD TO PRODUCE ONE OR MORE PRODUCTS PRODUCED MADE WITH A CALLED METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ITS REALIZATION |
BRPI0701702A2 (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2008-12-30 | Julia Takahashi | vulcanization process of rubber artifacts with application of pre-molded autoclave profile using microwave |
US20120282421A1 (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-08 | Toyota Motor Europe Nv/Sa | Method for heating a fiber-reinforced polymer |
JP2024017346A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-02-08 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Method for vulcanizing rubber laminate for tire and method for producing retreaded tire |
JP2024017344A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-02-08 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Method for vulcanizing rubber composition for tire and method for producing retreaded tire |
WO2024024531A1 (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-02-01 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Method for vulcanizing rubber laminate for tire and method for manufacturing retreaded tire |
Family Cites Families (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE125411C1 (en) | 1900-01-01 | |||
SE97304C1 (en) | 1900-01-01 | |||
US1805026A (en) * | 1928-09-07 | 1931-05-12 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | Method of securing alpha tread to alpha tire carcass |
DE895371C (en) | 1941-03-20 | 1953-11-02 | Siemens Ag | Device for vulcanizing molded rubber bodies |
DE895071C (en) * | 1943-09-29 | 1953-10-29 | Bergedorfer Eisenwerk A G Astr | Process for making butter |
US2405802A (en) * | 1943-10-08 | 1946-08-13 | Frederic H Taber | Tire retreading |
US2421099A (en) * | 1944-01-20 | 1947-05-27 | Clarence W Vogt | Recapping of tires |
US2495170A (en) * | 1946-10-04 | 1950-01-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Microwave heating of dielectric materials |
US2541644A (en) * | 1948-12-15 | 1951-02-13 | Wingfoot Corp | Apparatus for vulcanizing pneumatic tires with radio-frequency current |
US2738406A (en) * | 1951-09-20 | 1956-03-13 | Gen Precision Lab Inc | Radio frequency vulcanizing |
US2797440A (en) * | 1953-05-02 | 1957-07-02 | Continental Gummi Werke Ag | Device for heating of molded bodies, especially tires, in an electric highfrequency alternating field |
BE638020A (en) * | 1962-10-04 | |||
US3190998A (en) * | 1962-10-29 | 1965-06-22 | Rohm & Haas | Heat treating of materials |
US3249658A (en) * | 1964-10-05 | 1966-05-03 | John Schorscher | Processes for curing rubber compounds |
GB1123235A (en) * | 1964-12-09 | 1968-08-14 | Dunlop Co Ltd | The manufacture of sheet material |
US3639190A (en) * | 1965-11-30 | 1972-02-01 | Dunlop Rubber Co | Manufacture of sheet material |
GB1150809A (en) | 1967-01-26 | 1969-05-07 | Bandag Inc | Method for retreading pneumatic tire casing |
GB1278062A (en) | 1968-08-30 | 1972-06-14 | Dunlop Holdings Ltd | Improvements in or relating to apparatus for heating articles |
DE1959804A1 (en) | 1969-11-28 | 1971-06-09 | Hermann Berstorff Maschb Gmbh | Method and device for vulcanizing rubber profiles |
DE2122579A1 (en) * | 1971-05-07 | 1972-11-16 | Koller, Heinrich, 8541 Katzwang | Hollow body elements - plug-in system as educational toys |
DE2134525B1 (en) * | 1971-07-10 | 1973-01-25 | N.V. Rubberfabriek Vredestein, Den Haag (Niederlande) | Device for crowning and vulcanizing pneumatic tires |
NL7205623A (en) * | 1972-04-26 | 1973-10-30 | ||
DE2222711A1 (en) * | 1972-05-09 | 1973-11-22 | Franz Zemme | Vulcanising tyre - using embedded electrical resistance heaters for internal heating |
US3926711A (en) * | 1972-09-05 | 1975-12-16 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | Portable rotating kettle used in retreading tires |
US3867606A (en) * | 1973-10-15 | 1975-02-18 | Raytheon Co | Microwave heating apparatus for rotatable articles |
US4046945A (en) * | 1974-01-18 | 1977-09-06 | Chemische Werke Huls Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the bonding of films and molded components |
US4051090A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1977-09-27 | Polygulf Associates | Adhesive bonding |
-
1976
- 1976-10-04 SE SE7610987A patent/SE441078B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1977
- 1977-09-26 GB GB40008/77A patent/GB1587889A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-27 CA CA287,606A patent/CA1086462A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-28 US US05/837,638 patent/US4157930A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1977-10-03 JP JP52119378A patent/JPS6031663B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-03 IT IT12788/77A patent/IT1143857B/en active
- 1977-10-03 DE DE19772744391 patent/DE2744391A1/en active Granted
- 1977-10-03 NL NLAANVRAGE7710811,A patent/NL188459C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-10-03 FR FR7729725A patent/FR2366121A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2366121A1 (en) | 1978-04-28 |
NL188459C (en) | 1992-07-01 |
NL7710811A (en) | 1978-04-06 |
IT1143857B (en) | 1986-10-22 |
SE7610987L (en) | 1978-04-05 |
SE441078B (en) | 1985-09-09 |
US4157930A (en) | 1979-06-12 |
NL188459B (en) | 1992-02-03 |
DE2744391C2 (en) | 1990-06-21 |
FR2366121B1 (en) | 1984-01-13 |
DE2744391A1 (en) | 1978-04-06 |
GB1587889A (en) | 1981-04-08 |
JPS5345387A (en) | 1978-04-24 |
CA1086462A (en) | 1980-09-30 |
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