JPS60260719A - Crankshaft made of steel plate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve dispersion of the load stress so as to increase the rigidity and strength of the crankshaft, by forming a groove type fillet around the base of the cylindrical part of a disk-shaped steel plate crankshaft consisting of the joined plural paris of a disk-shaped steel plate having cylindrical parts. CONSTITUTION:Prepared are the required number of pairs of disk-shaped member 6 having a step 12 around the fringe of the circular steel plate. The number prepared corresponds to the number of the cylinders. Each disk-shaped member 6 has a cylindrical part 13 formed at the appropriate, central position, on its reverse side for smooth motion of all the pistons. Also, a groove type fillet 14 is formed all around the base of the cylindrical part 13. The fillet 14 is depressed in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical part 13. Then, these disk- shaped members 6 are coaxially arranged in a pile and joined to each other, to assemble a crank arm 7, crank pin 8, and crank journal 9. Furthermore, oil passing pipe structure 18 is inserted and fixed into the cylindrical part 13, and communicated to the outside via a through hole 22, if required.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、内燃機関においてピストンの往復運動を回転
運動に変えるクランクシャフトに係り、より詳しくは、
所定数の鋼板部材から組立製作されて著しい軽量化が図
られた鋼板製クランクシャフトに関する。Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a crankshaft that converts reciprocating motion of a piston into rotational motion in an internal combustion engine, and more specifically,
The present invention relates to a steel plate crankshaft that is assembled from a predetermined number of steel plate members and is significantly lighter in weight.

（従来の技術およびその問題点） 従来、自動車のエンジンには、中実鍛造品のクランクシ
ャフト（焼結鍛造クランクシャフトを含む、）、例えば
第８図に示すようなりランクシャフト１′が多く利用さ
れてきた。そして、同図に示すように、従来のクランク
シャフト１′においては、エンジンの回転時特にクラン
クアーム２のうら隣接し合うクランクビン３の付は根部
とクランクジャーナル４の付は根部を結ぶ部分５に応力
が集中して、亀裂やひび等が生じることが多かった。(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, solid forged crankshafts (including sintered forged crankshafts), such as the crankshaft 1' shown in FIG. 8, have often been used in automobile engines. It has been. As shown in the figure, in the conventional crankshaft 1', especially when the engine is rotating, a portion 5 connecting the roots of the adjacent crank bins 3 and the roots of the crank journals 4, especially when the engine is rotating. Stress was concentrated on the parts, often causing cracks and cracks.

ところで、近年、自動車の軽量化要請に従って、クラン
クシャフトも軽蓋体にすることがめられ、部分的に中空
化した球状黒鉛鋳造クランクシャフトなどが開発されて
きたが、いずれのクランクシャフトも軽量化が未だ不十
分なものであった。Incidentally, in recent years, in response to demands for weight reduction in automobiles, crankshafts have been made to have lighter cover bodies, and partially hollow spherical graphite cast crankshafts have been developed, but none of these crankshafts can be made lighter. It was still inadequate.

そこで、本発明者等は、特開昭５７−１６３７１５号等
に記載するように、中央に円筒部を形成する複数の皿状
鋼板を重ね合わせてなる完全中空体構造のクランクシャ
フトを提案し、クランクシャフトの著しい軽量化を進め
た。しかしながら、この種の鋼板製クランクシャフトは
、前記のクランクピン付は板間部分４のように応力が集
中し易い個所について構造上向等工夫されておらず、剛
性や強度等の面において不十分なものであった。また、
クランクシャフト内に備付ける油路パイプの取付部の構
造が複雑で、油路パイプの備付、ひいてはクランクシャ
フトの組立を必ずしも簡便に行なうことができなかった
。Therefore, the present inventors proposed a crankshaft having a completely hollow body structure made by stacking a plurality of dish-shaped steel plates forming a cylindrical part in the center, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-163715. The weight of the crankshaft has been significantly reduced. However, in this type of steel plate crankshaft, the above-mentioned crank pin is not designed to improve the structure in areas where stress tends to concentrate, such as the part 4 between the plates, and is insufficient in terms of rigidity and strength. It was something. Also,
The structure of the mounting portion of the oil passage pipe installed in the crankshaft is complicated, and it has not always been possible to easily install the oil passage pipe and, by extension, assemble the crankshaft.

（発明の目的） 本発明は、上記の如き鋼板製クランクシャフトを更に改
良すべくなされたもので、その目的は、格段な軽量化に
加えて、高い剛性や強度等を有しかつ組立が容易な鋼板
製クランクシャフトを提供することにある。(Object of the Invention) The present invention was made to further improve the above-mentioned steel plate crankshaft.The purpose of the present invention is to achieve not only significant weight reduction, but also high rigidity and strength, and easy assembly. Our objective is to provide a crankshaft made of steel plate.

（発明の構成） 本発明者の鋼板製クランクシャフトは、前記提案のクラ
ンクシャフトと同様な円筒部付皿状鋼板の組立体構造を
基本にし、クランクアームとクランクビンの連接部（円
筒部の基端側周縁）に凹溝形のフィレット部を設けて応
力の分散化を図り、かつ一体化量の油路パイプを中空ク
ランクシャフト内に備付けて組立手数の軽減を図ったも
ので、その構成は、円形鋼板の周縁部に段を形成しかつ
該鋼板中央の適宜個所に円筒部を設けた所定数の皿状部
材を、該周縁部および円筒部が夫々互いに突き合うよう
に重ね合わせ、互いに当接し合う周縁部および円筒部筒
口同士を溶接により接合して、クランクアーム部、クラ
ンクビン部およびクランクジャーナル部を組立構成して
なり、かつ前記皿状部材の円筒部基端の周縁に凹溝形の
フィレット部を形成し隣接の該フィレット部と互いに接
合してなり、さらに一体化した油路パイプ構造体をクラ
ンクシャフト内に外部と連通ずるように収容、固定した
ことを特徴とするものである。(Structure of the Invention) The inventor's steel plate crankshaft is based on the assembly structure of a dish-shaped steel plate with a cylindrical part similar to the crankshaft proposed above, and has a connecting part between the crank arm and the crank bin (the base of the cylindrical part). A concave groove-shaped fillet is provided on the periphery of the end to disperse stress, and an integrated oil passage pipe is installed inside the hollow crankshaft to reduce assembly time. A predetermined number of dish-shaped members each having a step formed on the peripheral edge of a circular steel plate and a cylindrical portion provided at an appropriate location in the center of the steel plate are stacked one on top of the other so that the peripheral edge and the cylindrical portion abut each other. A crank arm part, a crank bottle part, and a crank journal part are assembled by joining the contacting peripheral parts and the cylindrical part mouth by welding, and a concave groove is formed on the periphery of the base end of the cylindrical part of the dish-shaped member. The oil passage pipe structure is formed by forming a fillet portion and joining the adjacent fillet portions to each other, and furthermore, an integrated oil passage pipe structure is housed and fixed in the crankshaft so as to communicate with the outside. .

（実施例） 以下、本発明の実施例を図面により説明する。(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第１図に示すように、実施例のクランクシャフトｌは、
気筒数に対応した数の鋼板製皿状部材６・・・を同軸的
に重ね合わせ接合して、クランクアーム部７、クランク
ビン部８、およびクランクジャーナル部９を組立構成し
、一端側にプーリ接続用取付部材ｌＯを接合しかつ他端
側にフライホイール接続用取付部材１１を接合してなる
。このクランクシャフトｌの製作過程を述べてその構成
をより明らかにすると、まず第２図に示すような円形鋼
板の周縁部に段１２を形成した皿状部材６・・・を左右
一対ずつ所定数準備した０皿状部材６は、その裏側にか
つ中央部のうち全ピストンが円滑に運動するのに適した
個所に円筒部１３を形成し、そしてこの円筒部１３の基
端側周縁全体に第３図に拡大して示すような凹溝形のフ
ィレット部１４を円筒部の軸方向に形成してなる。また
、皿状部材６は、円筒部１３の筒口に下記の連通孔２２
を形成するための半円形四部１５を形成してなる。As shown in FIG. 1, the crankshaft l of the embodiment is
The crank arm part 7, the crank bin part 8, and the crank journal part 9 are assembled by coaxially overlapping and joining a number of steel plate dish-shaped members 6 corresponding to the number of cylinders, and a pulley is attached to one end. A connection attachment member 10 is joined to the other end, and a flywheel connection attachment member 11 is joined to the other end. To explain the manufacturing process of this crankshaft l and clarify its structure more clearly, first, as shown in FIG. The prepared zero plate-shaped member 6 has a cylindrical portion 13 formed on its back side and at a location suitable for smooth movement of all the pistons in the central portion, and a cylindrical portion 13 is formed on the entire proximal periphery of this cylindrical portion 13. A groove-shaped fillet portion 14 as shown enlarged in FIG. 3 is formed in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion. In addition, the dish-shaped member 6 has the following communication hole 22 at the mouth of the cylindrical portion 13.
It is formed by forming four semi-circular parts 15 for forming.

ここで、皿状部材６の成形過程の一例を述べると、まず
第４図（ａ）に示すように孔抜き加工により円形鋼板１
Ｂの適当な個所に小さ目の孔１７を形成し、次いで同図
（ｂ）に示すようにパーリング加工等により孔１７の周
縁部を曲げ延ばして円筒部１３を形成し、次に同図（Ｃ
）に示すように絞り出し成形により鋼板周縁の段１２の
形成を円筒部筒長の調整と共に行ない、しかる後同図（
ｂ）に示すように絞り出し成形により円筒部１３の基端
側周縁全体に凹溝形のフィレット部１４を円筒部の軸方
向に設け、続いて円筒部１３の筒口に半゛円形の凹部１
５を設け、最後に適当な仕上げ加工を行なって皿状部材
６を形成した。Here, to describe an example of the process of forming the dish-shaped member 6, first, as shown in FIG. 4(a), a circular steel plate is formed by punching.
A small hole 17 is formed at an appropriate location in B, and then, as shown in FIG. C
), the step 12 on the periphery of the steel plate is formed by drawing and the length of the cylindrical portion is adjusted, and then the step 12 in the same figure (
As shown in b), a groove-shaped fillet portion 14 is provided in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion over the entire proximal periphery of the cylindrical portion 13 by drawing, and then a semi-circular recess 1 is formed at the mouth of the cylindrical portion 13.
5 was provided, and finally, appropriate finishing was performed to form a dish-shaped member 6.

また、実施例では、第５図に示すような一体化した油路
パイプ構造体１８を別途準備しておく。この油路パイプ
構造体１８は、両端部が逆方向に屈曲した鉄系油路パイ
プ１９を、前記円筒部１３に嵌合する大きさの一対の円
筒カップ体２０の周壁の支持孔２１に嵌挿し溶接により
該カップ体２０に固定してなる。Further, in the embodiment, an integrated oil passage pipe structure 18 as shown in FIG. 5 is separately prepared. This oil passage pipe structure 18 is constructed by fitting an iron oil passage pipe 19 whose both ends are bent in opposite directions into support holes 21 in the peripheral walls of a pair of cylindrical cup bodies 20 that are sized to fit into the cylindrical portion 13. It is fixed to the cup body 20 by insertion welding.

そして、まず第２図に示すように、所定数の皿状部材６
・・・を、左右一対ずつ、円筒部１３が互いに突き合う
ようにかつ円筒部筒口の四部１５が互いに合わさるよう
に重ね合わせ、互いに当接し合う円筒部筒口同士を溶接
し、好ましくはビーム溶接により接合して、クランクピ
ン部８およびクランクジャーナル部９を成形し、かつこ
れと同時にピン部８およびジャーナル部９の表面に連通
孔２２を形成した。その後場合によっては、焼鈍、ショ
ットピーニング等を行なってクランクピン部８およびク
ランクジャーナル部９の残留応力を除去してもよい。First, as shown in FIG. 2, a predetermined number of dish-shaped members 6 are
... are stacked one on top of the other, in pairs on the left and right, so that the cylindrical parts 13 abut each other and the four parts 15 of the cylindrical part mouths meet each other, and the cylindrical parts that abut each other are welded, preferably by beam welding. They were joined together to form the crank pin part 8 and crank journal part 9, and at the same time, communicating holes 22 were formed in the surfaces of the pin part 8 and journal part 9. Thereafter, residual stress in the crank pin portion 8 and crank journal portion 9 may be removed by annealing, shot peening, or the like, depending on the case.

次に、一対の皿状部材６．６の接合品を周縁部が互１．
％に突き合うように重ね合わせ、当接し合う周縁部同士
をスポット溶接により接合して、第６図に示すようにク
ランクアーム部７を形成した。この場合、第７図に示す
ように隣接し合うフィレット部１４．１４同士をも併せ
てスポット溶接して、クランクアーム部７の剛性を増大
させてその歪曲の発生が無いように所謂溶接一体化とし
た。なお、これらの図において、２３．２４は周縁部お
よびフィレット部間の溶接個所を示す。また、必要に応
じて、第６図に示すように別途製作の油路パイプ構造体
！８を、カップ体２０を前記円筒部１３内に嵌合させ個
所２５にてスポット溶接して、連通孔２２を介して外部
と連通ずるようにクランクシャフト内に収容、固定した
。なお、適当なウェイト材などをクランクシャフト１内
に固設してその回転バランスを取るようにしてもよい。Next, the pair of plate-shaped members 6.6 are joined together so that their peripheral edges are mutually 1.
The crank arm portion 7 was formed by overlapping each other so as to butt each other and joining the abutting peripheral portions by spot welding, as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in Fig. 7, the adjacent fillet parts 14 and 14 are also spot welded together to increase the rigidity of the crank arm part 7 and to prevent distortion thereof, so-called welding is performed. And so. In addition, in these figures, 23 and 24 indicate welding points between the peripheral edge portion and the fillet portion. In addition, if necessary, an oil pipe structure can be manufactured separately as shown in Figure 6! 8 was housed and fixed in the crankshaft by fitting the cup body 20 into the cylindrical portion 13 and spot welding at a location 25 so as to communicate with the outside via the communication hole 22. Incidentally, a suitable weight material or the like may be fixed in the crankshaft 1 to balance its rotation.

このようにして組立製作した中空体のクランクシャフト
１は、凹溝形のフィレット部１４をクランクピン部８お
よびクランクジャーナル部９の付は根に設けたことによ
り、その付は根部分において負荷応力が分散して加わる
ようになり、本発明者等提案の前記クランクシャフトと
比較して剛性や強度等が格段に増大した。また、油路パ
イプ構造体１８の使用によりクランクシャフトの組立も
非常に容易であった。The hollow crankshaft 1 assembled and manufactured in this manner has a concave groove-shaped fillet portion 14 at the root of the crank pin portion 8 and the crank journal portion 9, so that the load stress is applied to the root portion of the crank pin portion 8 and the crank journal portion 9. The crankshaft is now applied in a dispersed manner, and the rigidity, strength, etc. are significantly increased compared to the crankshaft proposed by the present inventors. Furthermore, the use of the oil passage pipe structure 18 made it very easy to assemble the crankshaft.

（発明の効果） 以上説明したように、本発明の鋼板製クランクシャフト
は、完全な中空体構造で従来と比して極めて軽量である
のに加えて、応力が集中し易い部分に凹溝形のフィレッ
ト部を設けて負荷応力の分散化を図ったことにより、著
しく高い剛性や強度等を有し、前記性は相間部分などに
おいて亀裂やひび等の発生の虞れが無く、また軸承部幅
りをより小さくすることができてクランクシャフトの小
型化を図ることもできる。その上一体品の油路パイプを
用いた組立体としたことにより１、製作過程において油
路パイプの備付、ひいてはクランクシャフトの組立を格
段に容易に行なうことができる。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the steel plate crankshaft of the present invention has a completely hollow body structure and is extremely lightweight compared to the conventional one. By providing a fillet part to disperse the load stress, it has extremely high rigidity and strength, and there is no risk of cracks or cracks occurring in the interphase part, and the width of the bearing part is It is also possible to reduce the size of the crankshaft. Furthermore, since the assembly is made using an integral oil passage pipe, 1. The provision of the oil passage pipe and the assembly of the crankshaft can be made much easier during the manufacturing process.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明の実施例の鋼板製クランクシャフトを示
す部分断面図、 第２図は第１図のクランクシャフトの組立過程の一部を
示す図、 第３図は第２図の皿状部材のフィレット部イ１近を示す
拡大断面図、 第４図は第２図の皿状部材の成形過程を示す図、 第５図は第１図のクランクシャフトの油路パイプ構造体
を示す正面図、 第６図は第１図のクランクシャフトの要部を示す断面図
、 第７図は第６図の■−■線における端面図、第８図は従
来例のクランクシャフトを示す正面図である 図中、 ｌ・・・クランクシャフト　６・・・皿状部材７・・・
クランクアーム部　８・・・クランクビン部９・・・ク
ランクジャーナル部　１２・・・段１３・・・円筒部　
１４・・・フィレット部ｌ６・・・円形鋼板 １８・・・油路バイブ構造体 特許出願人　トヨタ自動車株式会社 （ほか１名）Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view showing a steel plate crankshaft according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a view showing a part of the assembly process of the crankshaft shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a plate-like shape shown in Fig. 2. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the forming process of the dish-shaped member in FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is a front view showing the oil passage pipe structure of the crankshaft in FIG. 1. Figure 6 is a sectional view showing the main parts of the crankshaft in Figure 1, Figure 7 is an end view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 6, and Figure 8 is a front view showing the conventional crankshaft. In a certain figure, l... crankshaft 6... dish-shaped member 7...
Crank arm part 8...Crank bin part 9...Crank journal part 12...Step 13...Cylindrical part
14...Fillet portion l6...Circular steel plate 18...Oil passage vibrator structure patent applicant Toyota Motor Corporation (and one other person)

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 円形鋼板の周縁部に段を形成しかつ該鋼板中央の適宜個
所に円筒部を設けた所定数の皿状部材を、該周縁部およ
び円筒部が夫々互いに突き合うように重ね合わせ、互い
に当接し合う周縁部および円筒部筒口同士を溶接により
接合して、クランクアーム部、クランクビン部およびク
ランクジャーナル部を組立構成してなり、かつ前記皿状
部材の円筒部基端の周縁に凹溝形のフィレット部を形成
し隣接の該フィレット部と互いに接合してなり、さらに
一体化した油路パイプ構造体をクランクシャフト内に外
部と連通ずるように収容、固定したことを特徴とする鋼
板製クランクシャフト。A predetermined number of plate-shaped members each having a step formed on the peripheral edge of a circular steel plate and a cylindrical part provided at an appropriate location in the center of the steel plate are stacked one on top of the other so that the peripheral edge and the cylindrical part abut each other, and are brought into contact with each other. A crank arm portion, a crank bottle portion, and a crank journal portion are assembled by joining the matching peripheral edge portion and the cylindrical portion mouth by welding, and a concave groove-shaped groove is formed on the periphery of the base end of the cylindrical portion of the dish-shaped member. A crankshaft made of a steel plate, characterized in that a fillet portion is formed and the adjacent fillet portions are joined to each other, and an integrated oil passage pipe structure is accommodated and fixed within the crankshaft so as to communicate with the outside. .