JPS6025956B2 - Ultrasonic transducer - Google Patents
Ultrasonic transducerInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6025956B2 JPS6025956B2 JP17432880A JP17432880A JPS6025956B2 JP S6025956 B2 JPS6025956 B2 JP S6025956B2 JP 17432880 A JP17432880 A JP 17432880A JP 17432880 A JP17432880 A JP 17432880A JP S6025956 B2 JPS6025956 B2 JP S6025956B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragm
- piezoelectric element
- ultrasonic transducer
- diameter
- bonded piezoelectric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
- G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
- H04R17/10—Resonant transducers, i.e. adapted to produce maximum output at a predetermined frequency
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、貼り合せ型圧電素子を用いた超音波送受波器
にかかり、送受波感渡特性、パルス特性（過渡特性）を
改善した超音波受波器を提供するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides an ultrasonic transducer using a bonded piezoelectric element, which has improved wave transmission/reception sensitivity characteristics and pulse characteristics (transient characteristics). It is something.
空気中で使用される超音波の送受波器においては、圧電
セラミックスの貼り合せ素子が多く用いられており、上
記貼り合せ素子のたわみ振動の共振点、***瓶点で使用
するように作られている。In ultrasonic transducers used in the air, piezoelectric ceramic bonded elements are often used. There is.
また、空気の機械的インピーダンスが氏亀セラミクスそ
れに比て非常に小さいため、鮎り合せ素子を振動板と結
合させて機械的インピーダンスの低下を図っている。従
釆の超音波送受波器の構造と特性を第１図、第２図にそ
れぞれ示す。In addition, since the mechanical impedance of air is very small compared to that of Ujikame ceramics, the Ayu matching element is combined with the diaphragm to reduce the mechanical impedance. The structure and characteristics of the secondary ultrasonic transducer are shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively.
第１図に示すように、貼り合せ型圧電素子１の中心部に
結合軸２の一端が貫通固定され、その他端に振動板３を
取付けるとともに、貼り合せ型圧電素子１の振動の節部
を支持台４の先端に弾性接着剤５をもって固定するもの
であった。As shown in FIG. 1, one end of a coupling shaft 2 is fixed through the center of the bonded piezoelectric element 1, and a diaphragm 3 is attached to the other end. It was fixed to the tip of the support base 4 with an elastic adhesive 5.
６，６′は端子、７は貼り合せ型圧電素子１などを覆い
保護するケース、８はケース７の上部に形成された透孔
に取り付けられた保護用メッシュ、９，９′は、貼り計
せ型圧電素子と端子６，６′を電気的に接続しているリ
ード線である。6 and 6' are terminals, 7 is a case that covers and protects the bonded piezoelectric element 1, etc., 8 is a protective mesh attached to a through hole formed in the upper part of the case 7, and 9 and 9' are paste gauges. These are lead wires that electrically connect the rectangular piezoelectric element and the terminals 6, 6'.
第２図は、上記機造の超音波送受波器を複数個のパスで
駆動したときの送信波形を示したもので、立上がり、立
下り時間が長く、それぞれ２ミリ秒以上にも及ぶもので
あった。Figure 2 shows the transmitted waveform when the ultrasonic transducer constructed above is driven in multiple passes.The rise and fall times are long, each lasting more than 2 milliseconds. there were.
このような従来の超音波送受波器を用いて、短い時間間
隔で測定情報を得る必要がある場合、受波器によって受
信された信号は、立上がり、立下がり時間が長いために
、立下がる前に次の信号が受信され、正確な測定情報が
得られなかった。When it is necessary to obtain measurement information in short time intervals using such conventional ultrasonic transducers, the signal received by the receiver has long rise and fall times, so The following signal was received and accurate measurement information could not be obtained.
また、送受波を単体の素子で行なわせる場合、送波させ
て直ちに受信可能な状態にするには、かなりの時間を要
し、受信可能な状態になるまでの時間、測定情報は得ら
れなかった。そこで、本発明は、貼り合せ型圧軍素子の
中心に振動板を設け、機械的振動を抑制するように振動
板の周囲を弾性ゴムなどの緩衝材でケースに弾性的に固
定することにより、上述のような問題点を解決したもの
である。In addition, when transmitting and receiving waves using a single element, it takes a considerable amount of time to transmit and immediately become ready for reception, and measurement information cannot be obtained during the time it takes to become ready for reception. Ta. Therefore, the present invention provides the above-mentioned method by providing a diaphragm at the center of the bonded pressure force element and elastically fixing the periphery of the diaphragm to the case with a cushioning material such as elastic rubber so as to suppress mechanical vibration. This solves problems such as.
以下、本発明の一実施例について図面をいて説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第３図はこの超音波送受波器の断面図である。金属ある
いは樹脂により形成された振動板１３は、圧電セラミッ
クスより構成された貼り合せ型圧電素子１１の中心部に
配した結合軸１２に取り付けるれている。FIG. 3 is a sectional view of this ultrasonic transducer. A diaphragm 13 made of metal or resin is attached to a coupling shaft 12 arranged at the center of a bonded piezoelectric element 11 made of piezoelectric ceramics.
上記振動板１３の周辺部は、機械的振動を抑制するよう
に円環状に形成された弾性ゴムなどの緩衝材２０によっ
て、円筒状のケース１７の内側面に弾性的に固定されて
いる。また、上記振動板１３おび貼り合せ型圧電素子１
１は、上記緩衝材２０１こよってケース１７の中央に支
持されている。１６，１６′は端子で貼り合せ型圧電素
子１１とりード線１９，１９′よって電気的に接続され
ている。The peripheral portion of the diaphragm 13 is elastically fixed to the inner surface of the cylindrical case 17 by a buffer material 20 such as elastic rubber formed in an annular shape so as to suppress mechanical vibrations. In addition, the diaphragm 13 and the bonded piezoelectric element 1
1 is supported at the center of the case 17 by the cushioning material 201. Terminals 16 and 16' are electrically connected to the bonded piezoelectric element 11 by lead wires 19 and 19'.
次に上記構成の超音波送受波器のパルス特性を第４図に
示す。Next, FIG. 4 shows the pulse characteristics of the ultrasonic transducer having the above configuration.
これによれば、パルスの立上り、立下り時間は０．２ミ
リ秒以下を示すようになった。第５図は、上記円環状緩
衝材２０の内径と立上り時間、指向特性（音圧半減角）
との関係を示している。According to this, the rise and fall times of the pulse came to be 0.2 milliseconds or less. Figure 5 shows the inner diameter, rise time, and directivity characteristics (sound pressure half angle) of the annular buffer material 20.
It shows the relationship between
ただし、このとき振動板１３の直径は１６側であった。
第６図は上記円板状の貼り合せ型圧電素子（直径１仇廠
）１１に設けた振動板１３の直径と送波感度との関係を
表わした図であり、振動板１３の直径が大きくなるにつ
れて送波感度が大きくなることを示している。However, at this time, the diameter of the diaphragm 13 was on the 16 side.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the diameter of the diaphragm 13 provided in the disc-shaped bonded piezoelectric element (diameter 1) 11 and the wave transmission sensitivity. This shows that the transmission sensitivity increases as the value increases.
第７図は振動板１３の直径と指向特性（音圧半減角）と
の関係を示した図であり、貼り合せ型圧亀素子１１の直
径よりも大きな直径を有する振動板１３を用いると尖鋭
な指向特性を有する超音波送受波器とすることができる
。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the diameter of the diaphragm 13 and the directional characteristic (half sound pressure angle). The ultrasonic transducer can have directivity characteristics.
．また、第８図円錐状振動板１３の頂点の角度と指向
特性との関係を示している。．． Further, FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the angle of the apex of the conical diaphragm 13 and the directivity characteristics.
高さと底面の直径との比が０．３〜０．５なる円錐状振
動板を用いることにより最も鋭い指向特性を示した。以
上のように本発明によれば、パルス特性を改善した超音
波送受波器が得られ、パルスの立上り、立下り時間がく
なり、送波感度も向上した。By using a conical diaphragm with a height to bottom diameter ratio of 0.3 to 0.5, the sharpest directivity characteristics were exhibited. As described above, according to the present invention, an ultrasonic transducer with improved pulse characteristics is obtained, the pulse rise and fall times are shortened, and the wave transmission sensitivity is also improved.
さらに振動板をケースを弾性的に固定、支持することに
より頑強な構造を有するようになったばかりでなく、従
来のものと比較して薄型になり、全体の構成も簡単で組
立ても容易である。したがって本発明の超音波送受波器
は、短い時間間隔で測定情報を得る必要のある計測には
きわめて有用なものである。Furthermore, by elastically fixing and supporting the diaphragm to the case, the diaphragm not only has a robust structure, but is also thinner than conventional ones, and the overall structure is simple and easy to assemble. Therefore, the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention is extremely useful for measurements that require measurement information to be obtained at short time intervals.
第１図な従釆の超音波送受波器の一例を示す断面図、第
２図はそのパルス特性を示す図である。
第３図は本発明の超音波送受波器の一実施例を示す断面
図、第４図はそのパルス特性を示す図、第６図は同じく
緩衝材の内径と立上り時間、指向特性（音圧半減角）と
の関係を示す図、第６図は同じく振動板の直径と送波感
度との関係を示す図、第７図は同じく振動板の直径と指
向特性（音圧半減角）との関係を示す図、第８図は同じ
く振動板の頂点の角度と指向性との関係を示す図である
。１１・・・・・・貼り合せ型圧電素子、１３・・・・
・・振動板、１６，１６′…・・・端子、１７・・・・
・・ケース、１９，１９′・・・・・・リード線、２０
・・・・・・緩衝材。
第１図第２図
第３図
第４図
第５図
第６図
第７図
第８図FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a subordinate ultrasonic transducer, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing its pulse characteristics. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a view showing its pulse characteristics, and FIG. Figure 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the diameter of the diaphragm and the transmission sensitivity, and Figure 7 is the relationship between the diameter of the diaphragm and the directivity (half angle of sound pressure). FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the angle of the vertex of the diaphragm and the directivity. 11... Bonded piezoelectric element, 13...
...Diaphragm, 16, 16'...Terminal, 17...
...Case, 19,19'...Lead wire, 20
...Buffer material. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8
Claims (1)
貼り合せ型圧電素子が収納されているケース、および前
記振動板の周辺部と前記ケースの内側面とに接触するよ
うに設けられた緩衝材を有し、前記緩衝材により前記振
動板を前記ースに弾的に固定しかつ支持してなることを
特徴とする超音波送受波器。 ２ 振動板が円錐状であつて貼り合せ型圧電素子が円板
形であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の
超音波受波器。 ３ 円錐状振動板の底面の直径が、貼り合せ型圧電素子
の直径に比して大きいことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲
第２項記載の超音波送波器。 ４ 高さと底面の直径との比が０．３〜０．５なる円錐
状振動板を有する特許請求の範囲第２項記載の超音波受
波器。[Scope of Claims] 1. A bonded piezoelectric element having a diaphragm in the center, a case in which the bonded piezoelectric element is housed, and a peripheral portion of the diaphragm that contacts the inner surface of the case. What is claimed is: 1. An ultrasonic transducer comprising: a cushioning material provided as shown in FIG. 2. The ultrasonic receiver according to claim 1, wherein the diaphragm has a conical shape and the bonded piezoelectric element has a disk shape. 3. The ultrasonic transmitter according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the bottom surface of the conical diaphragm is larger than the diameter of the bonded piezoelectric element. 4. The ultrasonic receiver according to claim 2, having a conical diaphragm having a height to bottom diameter ratio of 0.3 to 0.5.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17432880A JPS6025956B2 (en) | 1980-12-10 | 1980-12-10 | Ultrasonic transducer |
| CA000391822A CA1180100A (en) | 1980-12-10 | 1981-12-09 | Ultrasonic transmitter-receiver |
| EP81305827A EP0053947B1 (en) | 1980-12-10 | 1981-12-10 | Ultrasonic transducer |
| DE8181305827T DE3172788D1 (en) | 1980-12-10 | 1981-12-10 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17432880A JPS6025956B2 (en) | 1980-12-10 | 1980-12-10 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5797798A JPS5797798A (en) | 1982-06-17 |
| JPS6025956B2 true JPS6025956B2 (en) | 1985-06-21 |
Family
ID=15976713
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17432880A Expired JPS6025956B2 (en) | 1980-12-10 | 1980-12-10 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0053947B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6025956B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1180100A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3172788D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5851697A (en) * | 1981-09-22 | 1983-03-26 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ultrasonic wave transceiver |
| US4607186A (en) * | 1981-11-17 | 1986-08-19 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. | Ultrasonic transducer with a piezoelectric element |
| DE8712014U1 (en) * | 1987-09-04 | 1987-10-29 | Chen, Ding Pang, Taipeh/T'ai-pei | Perimeter element for a loudspeaker |
| GB2215049B (en) * | 1988-02-02 | 1991-08-21 | Stc Plc | Acoustic devices |
| IT1262971B (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1996-07-23 | Imapo Srl | PIEZOMEMBRANA BOUND AT THE CENTER AND ITS USE FOR THE REALIZATION OF Acoustic Horn. |
| US6092550A (en) | 1997-02-03 | 2000-07-25 | Swagelok Marketing Co. | Diaphragm valve seat arrangement |
| DE10239191A1 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2004-03-11 | Heesemann, Jürgen, Dipl.-Ing. | Grinding machine and method for grinding a workpiece |
| DE102016117879B4 (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2019-06-13 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Sensor system, motor vehicle and method for cleaning an ultrasonic sensor |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1301808A (en) * | 1960-09-06 | 1962-08-24 | Vega | Advanced loudspeaker for high frequencies |
| US3360664A (en) * | 1964-10-30 | 1967-12-26 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Electromechanical apparatus |
| GB1316811A (en) * | 1969-05-22 | 1973-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Microphone |
| US3786202A (en) * | 1972-04-10 | 1974-01-15 | Motorola Inc | Acoustic transducer including piezoelectric driving element |
| US4011473A (en) * | 1974-08-26 | 1977-03-08 | Fred M. Dellorfano, Jr. & Donald P. Massa, Trustees Of The Stoneleigh Trust | Ultrasonic transducer with improved transient response and method for utilizing transducer to increase accuracy of measurement of an ultrasonic flow meter |
| US4190784A (en) * | 1978-07-25 | 1980-02-26 | The Stoneleigh Trust, Fred M. Dellorfano, Jr. & Donald P. Massa, Trustees | Piezoelectric electroacoustic transducers of the bi-laminar flexural vibrating type |
| US4190783A (en) * | 1978-07-25 | 1980-02-26 | The Stoneleigh Trust, Fred M. Dellorfano, Jr. & Donald P. Massa, Trustees | Electroacoustic transducers of the bi-laminar flexural vibrating type with an acoustic delay line |
-
1980
- 1980-12-10 JP JP17432880A patent/JPS6025956B2/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-12-09 CA CA000391822A patent/CA1180100A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-12-10 DE DE8181305827T patent/DE3172788D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-12-10 EP EP81305827A patent/EP0053947B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0053947B1 (en) | 1985-10-30 |
| CA1180100A (en) | 1984-12-27 |
| DE3172788D1 (en) | 1985-12-05 |
| JPS5797798A (en) | 1982-06-17 |
| EP0053947A1 (en) | 1982-06-16 |
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