JPS60238103A - Support of separation membrane - Google Patents

Support of separation membrane

Info

Publication number
JPS60238103A
JPS60238103A JP59094348A JP9434884A JPS60238103A JP S60238103 A JPS60238103 A JP S60238103A JP 59094348 A JP59094348 A JP 59094348A JP 9434884 A JP9434884 A JP 9434884A JP S60238103 A JPS60238103 A JP S60238103A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
separation membrane
layer
fiber
support
membrane support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP59094348A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0421526B2 (en
Inventor
Hajime Koizumi
小泉　肇
Terutoshi Manabe
真鍋　輝敏
Fumio Tabuchi
田渕　史雄
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AWA SEISHI KK
Original Assignee
AWA SEISHI KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AWA SEISHI KK filed Critical AWA SEISHI KK
Priority to JP59094348A priority Critical patent/JPS60238103A/en
Publication of JPS60238103A publication Critical patent/JPS60238103A/en
Publication of JPH0421526B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0421526B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
    • B01D69/107—Organic support material
    • B01D69/1071—Woven, non-woven or net mesh
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a separation membrane support having a uniform layer, free from raising and having the good adhesiveness with a separation membrane, by using a nonwoven fabric having a double structure consisting of a surface layer comprising a thick fiber and having a large mesh size and large surface roughness, and a dense back surface layer comprising a fine fiber and a small mesh size. CONSTITUTION:When a polyester fiber is used, a thick fiber is used in a layer 2 and a fiber mixture consisting of fine fiber and a copolymer fiber having a slightly low m.p. and a medium thickness is used in a layer 3. These layers 2, 3 are formed into a uniform sheet according to a wet process using a papermaking machine and a thick fiber sheet and a fine fiber sheet are processed by a heating roll to form a separation membrane support comprising a nonwoven fabric having a double structure. By this method, the raising of the outer surface of the surface layer 2 can be suppressed and a coarse structure having a degree improving the adhesiveness of a separation membrane 1 by anchor effect is obtained and, at the same time, the back surface layer 3 can be formed into a dense structure capable of preventing the permeation of a cast solution.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は逆浸透膜、限外ろ過膜等分離膜を支持するシー
ト状の支持体に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sheet-like support for supporting separation membranes such as reverse osmosis membranes and ultrafiltration membranes.

これらの膜はその片側に溶液を配置して該溶液に機械的
圧力を加え、濃縮層と溶質濃度の希薄な透過液とに分離
するものであり、この外部より加えられる機械的圧力お
よび連続製膜、モジュール化の作業性を考慮して透過性
のあるシート状の支持体上に製膜され使用される。These membranes place a solution on one side and apply mechanical pressure to the solution to separate it into a concentrated layer and a permeate with a dilute solute concentration. The membrane is formed on a permeable sheet-like support in consideration of the workability of modularization.

この分離膜支持体は勿論分離膜自体に比し液体を容易に
透過し得ることが必要で、現在この支持体としてはポリ
エステル不織布が使用されており、該不織布の製造法に
は乾式および湿式が採用され熱ロール加工により表面性
、密度等の調整が行なわれている。分離膜支持体として
はモジュール化した時点での有効容積および価格の関係
より、必要特性を備えていれば薄い方が良好であるが、
乾式の場合支持体どして適当な坪量５０〜１５０ｇ／ｍ
２、厚さ５０〜２００μ程度の薄物←おいては厚み、通
気度（通気度により通水性の評価が行なえる）等のバラ
ツキが大きい。通常分離膜は膜素材の高分子物質溶液（
以下キャスト液という）を支持体上にキャストして製膜
されるが、乾式の場合前述の支持体のバラツキにより被
着した膜の厚み等が安定せず部分的にキャスト液が支持
体を通過して裏抜けをする不具合も生じる。一方湿式に
よる不織布は主繊維と融点のやや低いバインダー繊維と
を混抄し熱ロール加工により表面性、密度、強度等を調
整する方法が一般的であり厚み、通気度等の均一性は分
離膜支持体として充分であるが、表面の状態において充
分なものが得られず即ち長さ数十ｍｍ以下の短繊維を原
料として使用するため起毛が多く、熱ロールの加工強度
を強くすると、起毛は押えられるが表面密度が上昇し被
着した膜が剥離し易くなり、膜が剥離しない程度に加工
強度を弱めると起毛が押えられず膜に欠陥が生じまたキ
ャスト液の裏抜けを防ぎ得ない等の難点があった。また
使用繊維を太くし加工強度を強くした場合は起毛が押え
られ、且つ目開きおよび表面粗度が大きいため膜の接着
は良好なものの加工条件によってはキャスト液の裏抜け
が生じ更には同一坪量のシート、同一長さの繊維とすれ
ば繊維の絶対本数が減することによりシートの均一性が
低下する傾向があった。Of course, this separation membrane support needs to be able to permeate liquid more easily than the separation membrane itself, and currently polyester nonwoven fabric is used as this support, and dry and wet methods are available for manufacturing this nonwoven fabric. The surface properties, density, etc. are adjusted by heat rolling. As a separation membrane support, thinner is better as long as it has the necessary characteristics due to the effective volume and price at the time of modularization.
In the case of dry method, the appropriate basis weight for the support is 50 to 150 g/m
2. Thin materials with a thickness of about 50 to 200 μm have large variations in thickness, air permeability (water permeability can be evaluated by air permeability), etc. Normally, separation membranes are made from a polymeric substance solution (
Films are formed by casting a cast liquid (hereinafter referred to as cast liquid) onto a support, but in the case of a dry method, the thickness of the deposited film is unstable due to the above-mentioned variations in the support, and the cast liquid partially passes through the support. This also causes the problem of see-through. On the other hand, wet-processed nonwoven fabrics are generally made by mixing the main fibers with binder fibers with a slightly lower melting point and then heat rolling to adjust the surface properties, density, strength, etc., and the uniformity of thickness, air permeability, etc. is determined by the support of a separation membrane. However, since a sufficient surface condition is not obtained, and short fibers with a length of several tens of millimeters or less are used as raw materials, there is a lot of fluffing. However, the surface density increases and the adhered film becomes easy to peel off, and if the processing strength is weakened to the extent that the film does not peel off, the raising cannot be suppressed, causing defects in the film, and it is impossible to prevent the casting liquid from bleeding through. There was a problem. In addition, if the fibers used are made thicker and the processing strength is increased, the napping is suppressed and the opening and surface roughness are large, so the adhesion of the film is good, but depending on the processing conditions, the casting liquid may bleed through, and even the same tsubo If the number of sheets and fibers were the same, the absolute number of fibers would decrease and the uniformity of the sheet would tend to decrease.

本発明は上記の欠点を除去し、願が均一であり起毛がな
く分離膜との接着性も良好な分離膜支持体を得たもので
あって実施例を図面について説明すれば、第１図に示す
如く表面即ち分離膜１を被着すべき層２を太い繊維を使
用し目開きおよび表面粗度の大きな層とし、裏面層３を
細い繊維を使用し目開きの小さな委蚊密な層とし両層を
熱接着した二層構造の不織布で構成された分離膜支持体
である。各層は別個に抄紙し熱ロール加工において一体
化することもでき、また抄紙自体を丸網抄紙機等の多層
抄とし熱ロール加工することもでき、更に周知の方法に
より密度勾配のあ′るシートを抄紙してもよい。The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and provides a separation membrane support having a uniform coating, no napping, and good adhesion to the separation membrane. As shown in the figure, the surface layer 2, on which the separation membrane 1 is to be attached, is made of thick fibers and has a large opening and surface roughness, and the back layer 3 is a layer that is made of thin fibers and has a small opening and is dense. This is a separation membrane support made of a two-layer nonwoven fabric with both layers thermally bonded. Each layer can be made into paper separately and integrated by hot roll processing, or the paper itself can be made into multi-layer paper using a circular mesh paper machine or the like and then hot roll processed. may be made into paper.

繊維にポリエステルを使用する場合には層２には太さ２
〜１０デニール、長さ３〜５０ｍｍの繊維、層３には太
さ０．０５〜２デニール、長さ３〜５０ｍｍの主繊維３
０〜８０％と融点のやや低い太さ１〜５デニール、長さ
３〜２０ｍｍの共重合繊維、複合繊維、未延伸繊維等の
バインダー繊維７０〜２０％とを混合使用し、層２１層
３の厚みは２：８〜８：２が標準でポリエ、ステル以外
にポリアミド、ポリイミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリオレ
フィン（ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン）等熱融着性の
繊維も同様に使用することができる。When using polyester for the fiber, layer 2 has a thickness of 2.
~10 denier, 3 to 50 mm long fibers, layer 3 has main fibers 3 to 0.05 to 2 denier in thickness, 3 to 50 mm long
Layer 21 Layer 3 The standard thickness is 2:8 to 8:2, and in addition to polyester and stell, heat-fusible fibers such as polyamide, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, and polyolefin (polypropylene, polyethylene) can also be used.

本発明の分離膜支持体は上記の如く表面層２に太い繊維
、裏面層３に細い繊維を使用したため、これを湿式法で
製造するに当っては抄紙機により均一なシートを抄紙し
第２図、第３図に示す如く太い繊維のシート２と細い繊
維のシート３とを熱ロール４と弾性ロール５との間に通
して加圧加熱し融着することにより表面層２の外表面は
起毛を押え得るとともに投錨効果により分離膜の接着性
をよくする程度の粗骸組織とし同時に裏面層３はキャス
ト液が透７遇し得ない密な組織とすることができ、繊維
の材質、キャスト液の性状に応じキャスト液が適度に支
持体に浸透するよう表面層２゜裏面層３の厚さおよび目
開きを調節することができる。また基本的には上記の考
えに基ずくが第４図に示すように細い繊維層３を太い繊
維層２，２で挟むサンドイッチ構造とし比較的高い通水
抵抗を示す細い繊維層の比率を減するこ之により支持体
全体の通水抵抗を減少することも可能である。Since the separation membrane support of the present invention uses thick fibers for the surface layer 2 and thin fibers for the back layer 3 as described above, when manufacturing it by a wet method, a uniform sheet is made using a paper machine and the second As shown in FIGS. 3 and 3, the outer surface of the surface layer 2 is The back layer 3 can be made to have a coarse structure that suppresses fluffing and improves the adhesion of the separation membrane due to the anchoring effect, and at the same time, the back layer 3 can have a dense structure that cannot be penetrated by the casting liquid. Depending on the properties of the liquid, the thickness and opening of the surface layer 2 and the back layer 3 can be adjusted so that the casting liquid permeates into the support appropriately. Also, basically, based on the above idea, as shown in Figure 4, a sandwich structure is used in which a thin fiber layer 3 is sandwiched between thick fiber layers 2, 2, and the ratio of the thin fiber layer, which exhibits relatively high water flow resistance, is reduced. By doing so, it is also possible to reduce the water flow resistance of the entire support.

このように２層あるいは多層構造としたことにより仮に
一層に不具合点が生じた場合でも他の層でこれを補い全
体の品質を常に優良に保ち易く、更に従来の湿式法の不
織布製造装置により簡易に製造し従って廉価に提供し得
る効果を有するものである。By adopting a two-layer or multi-layer structure like this, even if a defect occurs in one layer, it can be compensated for by other layers, making it easy to maintain the overall quality at all times.Furthermore, it is easy to use with conventional wet method nonwoven fabric manufacturing equipment. It has the effect of being able to be produced at a low cost.

以下従来の不織布よりなる分離膜支持体の対照例１．２
と本発明の二重層よりなる分離膜支持体とを比較したデ
ータを次ページに示す。The following is a comparative example 1.2 of a separation membrane support made of conventional nonwoven fabric.
Comparison data between the membrane support and the double layer separation membrane support of the present invention are shown on the next page.

以上本発明の分離膜支持体を湿式法により製造した場合
について説明したが、乾式法によっても同一構造のもの
が得られれば全く同一の効果が得られることは明白であ
る。但し約１００ｇ／ｒｎ２前後の坪量のシートを多層
構造にて製造しようとすると、冒頭に述べたシートの不
均一性が更に甚だしくなり、現在では乾式による製造法
は確立されていない。Although the case where the separation membrane support of the present invention is manufactured by a wet method has been described above, it is clear that the same effect can be obtained by a dry method as long as the same structure is obtained. However, if a sheet with a basis weight of about 100 g/rn2 is to be manufactured with a multilayer structure, the non-uniformity of the sheet described at the beginning becomes even more severe, and a dry manufacturing method has not been established at present.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図は本発明の実施例を示し、第１図は分離膜支持体に分
離膜を被着した一部拡大断面説明図、第２図および第３
図は第１図の分離膜支持体の製造方法を示す説明図、第
４図は分離膜支持体に分離膜を被着した他の例を示す一
部拡大断面説明図、第５図は第４図の分離膜支持体の製
造方法を示す説明図である。 図中１は分離膜、２，３は夫々分離膜支持λ体の表面層
および裏面層、４は熱ロール、５は弾性ロールである。 代理人　弁理士　凡手　説 茅　１１’ｉ 蓬２１図　算３図 手続補正書（方式） 昭和５９年　８月　２７日 １、事件の表示 ３、補正をする者 ４、代理人　〒８１１−２４ 福岡県粕屋郡篠栗町大字和田１０４３番地の５株式会社
　西部技研内 ［６４０５］　弁理士　凡手　應　ゝ・（電話　ロ９２
−９４７−４３１１　代表′）５、補正命令の日付（発
送日） 方式串 ６、補正の対象 明細書 ７、補正の内容 別紙のとおり訂正明細書を差出します。 ８、添付書類の目録 訂正明細書　１通 訂正明細書 発明の名称　分離膜支持体 特許請求の範囲 太い繊維を使用し目開きおよび表面粗度の大な表面層と
細い繊維を使用し目開きが小でφ反密な構造を有する裏
面層との二重構造を基本とした多層構造の不織布よりな
ることを特徴とする分離膜支持体。 発明の詳細な説明 本発明は逆浸透膜、限外ろ過膜等分離膜を支持するシー
ト状の支持体に関するものである。 これらの膜はその片側に溶液を配置して該溶液に機械的
圧力を加え、濃縮液と溶質濃度の希薄な透過液とに分離
するものであり、この外部より加えられる機械的圧力お
よび連続製膜、モジュール化の作業性を考慮して透過性
のあるシート状の支持体上にＭ膜され使用される。 この分離膜支持体は勿論分離膜自体に比し液体を容易に
透過し得ることが必要で、現在この支持体としてはポリ
エステル不織布が使用されており、該不織布の製造法に
は乾式および湿式が採用され熱ロール加工により表面性
、密度等の調整が行なわれている。分離膜支持体として
はモジュール化した時点での有効容積および価格の関係
より、必要特性を備えていれば薄い方が良好であるが、
乾式の場合支持停として適当な坪量５０〜１５０ｇ／ｍ
２、厚さ５．０〜２００μ程度の薄物においては厚み、
通気度（通気度により通水性の評価が行なえる）等のバ
ラツキが大きい。通常分離膜は膜素材の高分子物質溶液
（以下キャスト液という）を支持体上にキャストして製
膜されるが、乾式の場合前述の支持体のバラツキにより
被着した膜の厚み等が安定せず部分的にキャスト液が支
持体を通過して裏抜けをする不具合も生じる。一方湿式
による不織布は主繊維と融点のやや低いバインダー繊維
とを混抄し熱ロール加工により表面性、密度、強度等を
調整する方法が一般的であ−り厚み、通気度等の均一性
は分離膜支持体として充分であるが、表面の状態におい
て充分なものが得られず即ち長さ数十ｍｍ以下の短繊維
を原料として使用するため起毛が多く、熱ロールの加工
強度を強くすると、起毛は押えられるが表面密度が上昇
し被着した膜が剥離し易くなり、膜が剥離しない程度に
加工強度を弱めると起毛が押えられず膜に欠陥が生じま
たキャスト液の裏抜けを防ぎ得ない等の難点があった。 また使用繊維を太くし加工強度を強くした場合は起毛が
押えられ、且つ目開きおよび表面粗度が大きいため膜の
接着は良好なものの加工条件によってはキャスト液の裏
抜けが生じ更には同一坪量のシート、同一長さの繊維と
すれば繊維の絶対本数が減することによりシートの均一
性が低下する傾向があった。 本発明は上記の欠点を除去し、層が均一であり起毛がな
く分離膜との接着性も良好な分離膜支持体を得たもので
あって実施例を図面について説明すれば、第１図に示す
如く表面即ち分離膜１を被着すべき層２を太い繊維を使
用し目開きおよび表面粗度の大きな層とし、裏面層３を
細い繊維を使用し目開きの小さなθ成田な層とし両層を
熱接着した二層構造の不織布で構成された分離膜支持体
である。各層は別個に抄紙し熱ロール加工において一体
化することもでき、また抄紙自体を丸網抄紙機等の多層
抄とし熱ロール加工することもでき、更に周知の方法に
より密度勾配のあるシートを抄紙してもよい。 繊維にポリエステルを使用する場合には層２には太さ２
〜１０デニール、長さ３〜５０ｍｍの繊維、層３には太
さ０．０５〜２デニール、長さ３〜５０ｍｍの主繊維３
０〜８０％と融点のやや低い太さ１〜５デニール、長さ
３〜２０ｍｍの共重合繊維、複合繊維、未延伸繊維等の
バインダー繊維７０〜２０％とを混合使用し、層２１層
３の厚みは２：８７８：２が標準でポリエステル以外に
ポリアミド、ポリイミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリオレフ
ィン（ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン）等熱融着性の繊
維も同様に使用することができる。 本発明の分離膜支持体は上記の如く表面層２に太い繊維
、裏面層３に細い繊維を使用したため、これを湿式法で
製造するに当っては抄紙機により均一なシートを抄紙し
第２図、第３図に示す如く太い繊維のシート２と細い繊
維のシート３とを熱ロール４と弾性ロール５との間に通
して加圧加熱し融着することにより表面層２の外表面は
起毛を押え得るとともに投錨効果により分離膜の接着性
をよくする程度の粗骸組織とし同時に裏面層３はキャス
ト液が透過し得ない密な組織とすることができ、繊維の
材質、キャスト液の性状に応じキャスト液が適度に支持
体に浸透するよう表面層２゜裏面層３の厚さおよび目開
きを調節することができる。また基本的には上記の考え
に基ずくが第４図に示すように細い繊維層３を太い繊維
層２，２で挟むサンドイッチ構造とし比較的高い通水抵
抗を示す細い繊維層の比率を減することにより支持体全
体の通水抵抗を減少することも可能である。 このように２層あるいは多層構造としたことにより仮に
一層に不具合点が生じた場合でも他の層でこれを補い全
体の品質を常に優良に保ち易く、更に従来の湿式法の不
織布製造装置により簡易に製造し従って廉価に提供し得
る効果を有するものである。 以下従来の不織布よりなる分離膜支持体の対照例１，２
と本発明の二重層よりなる分離膜支持体とを比較したデ
ータを次ページに示す。 以上本発明の分離膜支持体を湿式法により製造した場合
について説明したが、乾式法によっても同一構造のもの
が得られれば全く同一の効果が得られることは明白であ
る。但し約１００ｇ／ｍ２前後の坪量のシートを多層構
造にて製造しようとすると、冒頭に述べたシートの不均
一性が更に甚だしくなり、現在では乾式による製造法は
確立されていない。 図面の簡単な説明 図は本発明の実施例を示し、第１図は分離膜支持体に分
離膜を被着した一部拡大断面説明図、第２図および第３
図は第１図の分離膜支持体の製造方法を示す説明図、第
４図は分離膜支持体に分離膜を被着した他の例を示す一
部拡大断面説明図、第５図は第４図の分離膜支持体の製
造方法を示す説明図である。 図中１は分離膜、２．３は夫々分離膜支持体の表面層お
よび裏面層、４は熱ロール、５は弾性ロールである。 ；″′′−− −′人　弁理±　ノ１゛手　嵐゛The figures show examples of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional explanatory view of a separation membrane coated on a separation membrane support, and FIGS. 2 and 3.
The figures are an explanatory view showing a method for manufacturing the separation membrane support shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing another example in which a separation membrane is attached to the separation membrane support, and Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing a method for manufacturing the separation membrane support shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for manufacturing the separation membrane support shown in FIG. 4; In the figure, 1 is a separation membrane, 2 and 3 are the front and back layers of the separation membrane supporting lambda body, 4 is a heat roll, and 5 is an elastic roll. Agent Patent attorney Ordinary theory 11'i Homo 21 diagram Arithmetic 3 diagram procedural amendment (method) August 27, 1981 1, Indication of case 3, Person making amendment 4, Agent 〒811-24 Fukuoka 5 Co., Ltd., Seibu Giken, 1043 Wada, Sasaguri-machi, Kasuya-gun, Prefecture [6405] Patent Attorney Bonte ゝ・(Telephone: 92)
-947-4311 Representative') 5. Date of amendment order (shipment date) Method 6. Specification subject to amendment 7. Contents of amendment I will submit an amended statement as shown in the attached sheet. 8. List of attached documents Corrected description 1 Corrected description Title of the invention Separation membrane support Claims Separation membrane support using thick fibers and a surface layer with large surface roughness and thin fibers with a wide opening A separation membrane support body comprising a nonwoven fabric having a multilayer structure based on a double structure with a back layer having a small and φ non-dense structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sheet-like support for supporting separation membranes such as reverse osmosis membranes and ultrafiltration membranes. These membranes place a solution on one side and apply mechanical pressure to the solution to separate it into a concentrated solution and a permeate with a dilute solute concentration. Considering the workability of membrane modularization, M membrane is used on a permeable sheet-like support. Of course, this separation membrane support needs to be able to permeate liquid more easily than the separation membrane itself. Currently, polyester nonwoven fabric is used as this support, and there are two methods for manufacturing this nonwoven fabric: dry and wet. The surface properties, density, etc. are adjusted by heat rolling. As a separation membrane support, thinner is better as long as it has the necessary characteristics due to the effective volume and price at the time of modularization.
In the case of dry type, the appropriate basis weight as a support stop is 50 to 150 g/m
2. For thin objects with a thickness of about 5.0 to 200μ, the thickness
There are large variations in air permeability (water permeability can be evaluated based on air permeability). Separation membranes are usually formed by casting a membrane material polymeric substance solution (hereinafter referred to as casting liquid) onto a support, but in the dry method, the thickness of the deposited membrane remains stable due to the aforementioned variations in the support. Otherwise, the casting liquid may partially pass through the support and cause strike-through. On the other hand, wet-processed nonwoven fabrics are generally made by mixing the main fibers with binder fibers with a slightly lower melting point and then heat rolling to adjust the surface properties, density, strength, etc., and the uniformity of thickness, air permeability, etc. is determined separately. Although it is sufficient as a membrane support, it is not possible to obtain a sufficient surface condition. In other words, short fibers with a length of several tens of mm or less are used as raw materials, so there is a lot of fluffing. However, the surface density increases and the adhered film becomes easy to peel off, and if the processing strength is weakened to the extent that the film does not peel off, the nap cannot be suppressed, causing defects in the film, and it is impossible to prevent the casting liquid from bleeding through. There were other difficulties. In addition, if the fibers used are made thicker and the processing strength is increased, the napping is suppressed and the opening and surface roughness are large, so the adhesion of the film is good, but depending on the processing conditions, the casting liquid may bleed through, and even the same tsubo If the number of sheets and fibers were the same, the absolute number of fibers would decrease and the uniformity of the sheet would tend to decrease. The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and provides a separation membrane support with a uniform layer, no napping, and good adhesion to the separation membrane. As shown in the figure, the surface layer 2, on which the separation membrane 1 is to be attached, is made of thick fibers and has a large opening and surface roughness, and the back layer 3 is made of thin fibers and is a layer with a small opening of θ. This is a separation membrane support made of a two-layer nonwoven fabric with both layers thermally bonded. Each layer can be made separately and integrated by hot roll processing, or the paper itself can be made into multi-layer paper using a circular mesh paper machine or the like and then hot roll processed. Furthermore, sheets with density gradients can be made into paper using well-known methods. You may. If polyester is used for the fiber, layer 2 has a thickness of 2.
~10 denier, 3-50 mm long fibers; layer 3 contains main fibers 3, 0.05-2 denier in thickness, 3-50 mm long
Layer 21 Layer 3 The standard thickness is 2:878:2, and in addition to polyester, heat-fusible fibers such as polyamide, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, and polyolefin (polypropylene, polyethylene) can also be used. Since the separation membrane support of the present invention uses thick fibers for the surface layer 2 and thin fibers for the back layer 3 as described above, when manufacturing it by a wet method, a uniform sheet is made using a paper machine and the second As shown in FIGS. 3 and 3, the outer surface of the surface layer 2 is The back layer 3 can be made to have a coarse structure that suppresses fluffing and improves the adhesion of the separation membrane due to the anchoring effect, and at the same time, the back layer 3 can have a dense structure that cannot be penetrated by the casting liquid. Depending on the properties, the thickness and opening of the surface layer 2 and the back layer 3 can be adjusted so that the casting liquid appropriately permeates into the support. Also, basically, based on the above idea, as shown in Figure 4, a sandwich structure is used in which a thin fiber layer 3 is sandwiched between thick fiber layers 2, 2, and the ratio of the thin fiber layer, which exhibits relatively high water flow resistance, is reduced. By doing so, it is also possible to reduce the water flow resistance of the entire support. By adopting a two-layer or multi-layer structure like this, even if a defect occurs in one layer, it can be compensated for by other layers, making it easy to maintain the overall quality at all times.Furthermore, it is easy to use with conventional wet method nonwoven fabric manufacturing equipment. It has the effect of being able to be produced at a low cost. Comparative examples 1 and 2 of conventional separation membrane supports made of nonwoven fabric are shown below.
Comparison data between the membrane support and the double layer separation membrane support of the present invention are shown on the next page. Although the case where the separation membrane support of the present invention is manufactured by a wet method has been described above, it is clear that the same effect can be obtained by a dry method as long as the same structure is obtained. However, if a sheet with a basis weight of about 100 g/m2 is to be manufactured with a multilayer structure, the non-uniformity of the sheet described at the beginning becomes even more severe, and a dry manufacturing method has not been established at present. Brief explanatory drawings of the drawings show examples of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged sectional explanatory drawing showing a separation membrane coated on a separation membrane support, and FIGS. 2 and 3.
The figures are an explanatory view showing a method for manufacturing the separation membrane support shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing another example in which a separation membrane is attached to a separation membrane support, and Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing a method for manufacturing the separation membrane support shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for manufacturing the separation membrane support shown in FIG. 4; In the figure, 1 is a separation membrane, 2 and 3 are the front and back layers of the separation membrane support, 4 is a heat roll, and 5 is an elastic roll. ;″′′−− −′person Patent attorney± No. 1 move Arashi゛

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 太い繊維を使用し目開きおよび表面粗度の大な表面層と
細い繊維を使用し目開きが小で８攻密な構造を有する裏
面層との二重構造を基本とした多層構造の不織布よりな
ることを特徴とする分離膜支持体。From nonwoven fabric with a multilayer structure based on a double structure: a surface layer using thick fibers with large openings and surface roughness, and a back layer using thin fibers with small openings and a dense structure. A separation membrane support characterized by:
JP59094348A 1984-05-10 1984-05-10 Support of separation membrane Granted JPS60238103A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59094348A JPS60238103A (en) 1984-05-10 1984-05-10 Support of separation membrane

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59094348A JPS60238103A (en) 1984-05-10 1984-05-10 Support of separation membrane

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60238103A true JPS60238103A (en) 1985-11-27
JPH0421526B2 JPH0421526B2 (en) 1992-04-10

Family

ID=14107776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59094348A Granted JPS60238103A (en) 1984-05-10 1984-05-10 Support of separation membrane

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Country Link
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JPS60251904A (en) * 1984-05-25 1985-12-12 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd Supporting cloth for separation membrane
JPS61222506A (en) * 1985-03-29 1986-10-03 Japan Vilene Co Ltd Semipermeable membrane support and its preparation
US5034129A (en) * 1988-09-09 1991-07-23 Stork Friesland B.V. Membrane assembly
WO1992009358A1 (en) * 1990-11-30 1992-06-11 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Flat sheet type separating film leaf
JP2004512164A (en) * 2000-10-20 2004-04-22 ポール・フィルトレイション・アンド・セパレイションズ・グループ・インコーポレイテッド Stack of asymmetric membranes
US6919026B2 (en) 2000-09-22 2005-07-19 Awa Paper Mfg. Co., Ltd. Semipermeable membrane support and process of preparation thereof
EP1625885A1 (en) * 2004-08-11 2006-02-15 Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologisch Onderzoek (Vito) Integrated permeate channel membrane
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JPS60251904A (en) * 1984-05-25 1985-12-12 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd Supporting cloth for separation membrane
JPH0466607B2 (en) * 1984-05-25 1992-10-23 Daicel Chem
JPS61222506A (en) * 1985-03-29 1986-10-03 Japan Vilene Co Ltd Semipermeable membrane support and its preparation
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US6919026B2 (en) 2000-09-22 2005-07-19 Awa Paper Mfg. Co., Ltd. Semipermeable membrane support and process of preparation thereof
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