JPS60220256A - Ball screw - Google Patents

Ball screw

Info

Publication number
JPS60220256A
JPS60220256A JP7562784A JP7562784A JPS60220256A JP S60220256 A JPS60220256 A JP S60220256A JP 7562784 A JP7562784 A JP 7562784A JP 7562784 A JP7562784 A JP 7562784A JP S60220256 A JPS60220256 A JP S60220256A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
nut
screw shaft
balls
ball
screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP7562784A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takayuki Kato
高之 加藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyocera Corp
Original Assignee
Kyocera Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyocera Corp filed Critical Kyocera Corp
Priority to JP7562784A priority Critical patent/JPS60220256A/en
Publication of JPS60220256A publication Critical patent/JPS60220256A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • F16H25/2209Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls with arrangements for taking up backlash

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a ball screw provided with a corrosion resistance, wear resistance and is of a high durability by forming at least one of a screw shaft, a moving nut, and balls by a ceramic material of a cermet material. CONSTITUTION:A ball screw A in which at least one of a screw shaft, a moving nut, and balls, is formed by a ceramic or cermet material, is assembled in a state where a screw shaft 1 forming a spiral root 1a of thread at its outer peripheral surface is screwed with the moving nut 4 formed by a combination of a fixing nut and a prepressing nut 3. A plurality of balls 5 are interposed between roots of threads 2a and 3a formed in the moving nut 4 in a freely rollable manner. Balls 5 which have rolled up to the end part pass through pipe shaped return tubes 2b and 3b and return. In this case, an elastic member 8 is stretched between the curved portions of arms 6 and 7 and the prepressing nut 3, and the prepressing nut 3 is pressed in the direction of the fixing nut 2 and hence an axial gap does not exist therebetween.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明はボールネジに関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a ball screw.

従来から工作機械や測定器などにはボールネジが多く使
用されている。ところが、これらのボールネジはすべて
鋼鉄材を用いた金属製のものである。このため、かかる
金属製のボールネジを用いた工作機や測定器で高い精度
を要求されるものにあっては、熱膨張による娯差の発生
を防ぐため、一定の温度に調節された室内にて使用され
る必要がある。
Ball screws have been widely used in machine tools and measuring instruments. However, all of these ball screws are made of metal using steel. For this reason, machine tools and measuring instruments using such metal ball screws that require high accuracy must be stored indoors at a constant temperature to prevent the occurrence of errors due to thermal expansion. needs to be used.

また、精密部品や電子部品などの製造装置にもボールネ
ジが多く使われるようになってきた。このような製造装
置はほとんどが真空や高温下で使用されることから無潤
滑状態で使用でき、かつ低熱膨張率であることが要求さ
れる。すなわち、無潤滑下で耐摩耗性を有し、高温下で
も高精度が要求されるが、在来の金属製ボールネジでは
かかる如き諸条件を満たすことができないばかりでなく
、材質が鉄鋼である場合、電気絶縁の問題、帯磁性の問
題など多くの不都合があり、とりわけ半導体の製造装置
を構成するボールネジとして望ましいものがなかった。
Ball screws are also increasingly being used in manufacturing equipment for precision parts and electronic parts. Most of these manufacturing devices are used in vacuum or at high temperatures, so they are required to be able to be used without lubrication and to have a low coefficient of thermal expansion. In other words, it is necessary to have wear resistance without lubrication and high precision even at high temperatures, but conventional metal ball screws are not only unable to meet these conditions, but also when the material is steel. There are many disadvantages such as electrical insulation problems, magnetism problems, etc., and in particular, it has not been desirable as a ball screw for use in semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

本発明は上記の如き在来の金属製ボールネジの欠点に鑑
みて開発されたもので、ボールネジを構成するネジ軸、
移動ナンド、ボールのうら少なくともいずれか一つがセ
ラミック材もしくはザーメソI・材で形成されているこ
とによって低熱膨張でl1i44“l)性を有し、かつ
耐蝕1’l、耐摩耗性を備えた長寿命で九ネh度なボー
ルネジをもたらさんとするものである。
The present invention was developed in view of the drawbacks of conventional metal ball screws as described above, and includes a screw shaft that constitutes a ball screw,
At least one of the backs of the moving nand and ball is made of a ceramic material or a ceramic material, so it has low thermal expansion properties, corrosion resistance of 1'l, and wear resistance. The purpose is to provide a ball screw with a lifespan of 9 degrees.

以干、本発明実施例を図によって具体的に詳述する。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described in detail with reference to the drawings.

第1図及び第2図はそれぞれボールネジAの全体斜視図
と第1図のX−X線断面を示し、このボールネジAは、
外周面に螺線状のネジ?+W I aを形成し7だネジ
軸1が、固定ナツト2、予圧ナツト3の組合せより成る
移動ナツト4と螺合した状態で組立てられているが、こ
の場合、ネジ軸lと移動ナツト4との間、すなわち、ネ
ジ溝1aと移動ナツト4に形成されたネジ溝2a、3a
の間には複数個のボール5が転動自在に介在させてあり
、移動ナツト4がネジ軸1の回転に伴って移動する際、
ボール5も順送りされるが、端部にまで転勤してきたボ
ール5はパイプ状をなした戻し管2b、3b中を通って
帰還し、移動ナンドの移動Mと移動方向に応じてボール
5も転勤するようになっている。
FIGS. 1 and 2 respectively show an overall perspective view of the ball screw A and a cross section taken along the line X-X in FIG.
A spiral screw on the outer surface? The threaded shaft 1 forming +W I a is assembled in a screwed state with a movable nut 4 consisting of a combination of a fixed nut 2 and a preload nut 3. In this case, the screw shaft 1 and the movable nut 4 are between the thread groove 1a and the thread grooves 2a and 3a formed in the moving nut 4.
A plurality of balls 5 are rotatably interposed between them, and when the moving nut 4 moves with the rotation of the screw shaft 1,
The balls 5 are also sent sequentially, but the balls 5 that have been transferred to the ends return through the pipe-shaped return pipes 2b and 3b, and the balls 5 are also transferred depending on the movement M and the direction of movement of the moving Nando. It is supposed to be done.

また、」二記移動ナツト4は固定ナツト2、r圧ナツト
3を組合せたものであるが、固定ナツト2に対し、予圧
ナツト3を押圧するように、該固定ナツト2の側部に一
端が固定されたアーJ、 6.7が予圧ナツト3の側方
に設けられたガイド溝3c、3dによって案内され、ア
ーム6.7の屈曲端部と予圧ナツト3との間に懸装され
た弾状体8でもって該予圧ナノl−3を固定ナツト2の
方向、すなわち圧縮方向に押圧しておき、ボール5とネ
ジ溝la、2a、3a間に存在する軸方向の隙間をゼロ
とし、バックラッシュ(ガタ)を解消している。
Furthermore, the moving nut 4 described in "2" is a combination of the fixing nut 2 and the R-pressure nut 3, and one end is attached to the side of the fixing nut 2 so as to press the preload nut 3 against the fixing nut 2. A fixed arm J, 6.7 is guided by guide grooves 3c, 3d provided on the sides of the preload nut 3, and a bullet suspended between the bent end of the arm 6.7 and the preload nut 3. The preload nano l-3 is pressed in the direction of the fixing nut 2, that is, in the compression direction by the shaped body 8, and the axial clearance between the ball 5 and the thread grooves la, 2a, and 3a is made zero, and the back Rush (backlash) is eliminated.

次に第3図及び第4図はそれぞれ他の実施例としてのボ
ールネジBの全体斜視図と第3図のY−Y線断面を示し
、このボールネジBは岬線状のネジ溝11aを形成した
ネジ軸11が、固定ナンド12、予圧ナツト13の組合
せで成る移動す・7ト14に螺入した構造をしているが
、これらネジ軸11と移動ナツト14との間、ずなわち
ネジ溝1] gl及び移動ナンド14に形成されたネジ
溝12a、+3aの間には、複数個のボール15が回動
自在に介在させてあり、移動ナツト4がネジ軸11の回
転に伴って移動する際、ボール15も順次移動するが端
部にまで転がり移動してきたボール15は戻し管12b
、、13b中を通って他端部に送り返される。かかる如
く、ネジ軸11の回転によって移動する移動ナツト14
は固定ナツト12と予圧ナツト13との間に弾状体18
が懸装されており、この弾状体18の力によって固定ナ
ツト12と予圧ナツト13の間には、常時引張予圧が作
用しており、ボール15とネジ溝11a、12a、13
a間に存在する軸方向の隙間をゼロとし、ハックラッシ
ュを解消せしめである。なお、この場合、予圧ナノ)1
3の外側部には溝13c、13dが形成され、これら溝
13c、13d中にはアーム】6.17が介入されるこ
とによって予圧5− ナツト13は軸方向にガイドされるようになっている。
Next, FIGS. 3 and 4 respectively show an overall perspective view of a ball screw B as another embodiment and a cross section taken along the line Y-Y in FIG. The screw shaft 11 has a structure in which it is screwed into a movable nut 14 consisting of a combination of a fixed nut 12 and a preload nut 13, and there is a thread groove between the screw shaft 11 and the movable nut 14. 1] A plurality of balls 15 are rotatably interposed between the screw grooves 12a and +3a formed in the gl and the movable nut 14, and the movable nut 4 moves with the rotation of the screw shaft 11. At this time, the balls 15 also move sequentially, but the balls 15 that have rolled to the end are returned to the return pipe 12b.
, , 13b and is sent back to the other end. As described above, the moving nut 14 moves as the screw shaft 11 rotates.
is an elastic body 18 between the fixing nut 12 and the preload nut 13.
is suspended, and a tensile preload is constantly acting between the fixing nut 12 and the preload nut 13 due to the force of this elastic body 18, and the ball 15 and the thread grooves 11a, 12a, 13
The axial gap existing between a is made zero to eliminate hacklash. In this case, the preload nano)1
Grooves 13c and 13d are formed on the outer side of the nut 13, and an arm 6.17 is inserted into these grooves 13c and 13d, so that the preload nut 13 is guided in the axial direction. .

ところで、上記のような構造をもった本発明ボールネジ
A、Hの主構成要素であるネジ軸、ボール、移動ナンド
のうち少なくとも一つ、望ましくはすべての要素がセラ
ミック祠もしくはサーメツト材で構成されており、これ
らセラミック材とサーメツト材及び在来のボールネジを
構成している金属材の物性を比較してみると第1表の通
りである。この第1表に示したセラミック材、金属材の
特性から明らかなようにセラミック材はジルコニアを除
き曲げ強さが金属材に比して若干劣るが靭皮や曲げ強さ
が大きく、ネジ軸、ボール、移動ナンドを形成した場合
、寸法の安定性、耐摩耗性の大きなものとなる。
By the way, at least one, preferably all, of the main components of the ball screws A and H of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, such as the screw shaft, balls, and moving pads, are made of ceramic or cermet material. Table 1 shows a comparison of the physical properties of these ceramic materials, cermet materials, and metal materials constituting conventional ball screws. As is clear from the characteristics of ceramic and metal materials shown in Table 1, ceramic materials, with the exception of zirconia, have slightly inferior bending strength compared to metal materials, but have greater bast and bending strength. When a ball or a moving nand is formed, dimensional stability and abrasion resistance are improved.

また、第2表にてセラミック材、サーメツト材の物性を
挙げたように電気絶縁特性や非磁性のものが多(、耐蝕
性や耐熱性にすぐれ、しかも熱膨張係数が金属材にくら
べ極めて小さいことがら、高温雰囲気中での使用に耐え
るとともに寸法安定−6〜 第 2 表 −8− 性がよいことから高精度を卸゛持することができる。
In addition, as listed in Table 2, the physical properties of ceramic materials and cermet materials include many of them having electrical insulation properties and non-magnetic properties. In addition, it can withstand use in high-temperature atmospheres and has good dimensional stability, so it can maintain high precision.

次にかかるセラミック祠のうら、最も一般的なアルミナ
セラミックでもって移動す、1・4.14を構成する予
J4Eナツト、固定ナツトを製作する場合の製法として
は、例えば高度に整粒されたアルミナ粉末に通量の焼結
助剤、バインダ等を加え、所定の金型にて加圧成形した
り、あるいはアルミナ粉末に適当な溶剤、分散剤、柔軟
材および結合材を加え、混合した泥しようを素型に注入
して乾燥させたものを約1600 ’cで焼成すること
により得られたアルミナ焼結体の所定部位を仕1−げ加
工を施すごとによってナンド部材が得られる。なお、そ
の他のボール、ネジ軸や他のジルコニアセラミックを材
料として用いた場合もほぼ同様な製法が通用される。
Next, the manufacturing method for manufacturing the pre-J4E nuts and fixing nuts that make up 1.4.14, which are made of the most common alumina ceramic, is to use highly sized alumina ceramics. A suitable amount of sintering aid, binder, etc. is added to the powder, and the mixture is pressure-molded using a specified mold, or alumina powder is mixed with an appropriate solvent, dispersant, softener, and binder. A NAND member is obtained by finishing a predetermined portion of an alumina sintered body obtained by injecting it into a mold, drying it, and firing it at about 1600'C. Note that almost the same manufacturing method can be used when other balls, screw shafts, or other zirconia ceramics are used as materials.

なお、他の実施例として第5図にてボールネジCの平面
ずを示し、第6図にてそのz−Z線断面を示すようにネ
ジ軸111に設けたネジ/MIllaを回動するボール
115を移動ナツトI I 4に形成した溝との間に介
在せしめ、ネジ軸IIIを=9= 回転させることにより移動ナツト114を移動させるよ
うにした基本型のボールネジCにおける主構成要素であ
るネジ軸111、移動ナツト114、ボール115の全
部あるいはいずれか一つを第2表に列記したセラミック
材やサーメツト材でもって構成したものであってもよい
As another example, a ball 115 rotating a screw/MIlla provided on a screw shaft 111 is shown in FIG. 5 as a plane view of the ball screw C, and as shown in FIG. The screw shaft, which is the main component of the basic ball screw C, is interposed between the movable nut II and the groove formed in the movable nut II4, and the movable nut 114 is moved by rotating the screw shaft III by =9=. 111, the moving nut 114, and the ball 115, or any one of them may be made of a ceramic material or a cermet material listed in Table 2.

叙上のように本発明に係るセラミック材でボールネジを
構成したことから、大きな耐摩耗性を有し、長期にわた
り初期の高精度を保つことができ、精密な測定器、ロボ
ット等の駆動部品として使用できる。また耐熱性を有す
るため、高温個所にも使用可能であり、しかも熱膨張係
数が小さいことから精度変化をきたさず、超精密級工作
機械の構成部品とすることができ、さらに耐蝕性が大き
いことから腐蝕性物質の存在する環境においても使用可
能であり、また非磁性のセラミック材を用いれば磁性を
きらう磁気記録装置、コンピューター関連の駆動部品と
してもきわめて有用であるなど多くの作用効果をもって
いる。
As mentioned above, since the ball screw is made of the ceramic material according to the present invention, it has great wear resistance and can maintain its initial high accuracy over a long period of time, making it suitable as a driving part for precision measuring instruments, robots, etc. Can be used. In addition, because it has heat resistance, it can be used in high-temperature locations, and because the coefficient of thermal expansion is small, there is no change in accuracy, so it can be used as a component of ultra-precision machine tools, and it has high corrosion resistance. It can be used even in environments where corrosive substances are present, and if non-magnetic ceramic materials are used, it is extremely useful as drive parts for magnetic recording devices and computers that dislike magnetism, and has many other effects.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明に係るボールネジの全体斜視図、第2図
は第1図におけるX−X線断面図、第3図は本発明に係
る他の実施例としてのボールネジを示す全体斜視図、第
4図は第3図におけるY−X線断面図であり、第5図は
本発明に係る他の実施例としてのボールネジの平面図、
第6図は第5図におけるZ−Z線断面を示した図である
。 A、、81C:ボールネジ 1.11.111:ネジ軸 2.12:固定ナンド 3.13:予圧ナツト 4.14.114:移動ナツト 8.18:弾状体 出願人 京 セ ラ 株 式 会 社 代表者稲盛和夫 第1図 第2図 第3図 4 第4図
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a ball screw according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view showing a ball screw as another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line Y-X in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of a ball screw as another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Z--Z in FIG. 5. A, 81C: Ball screw 1.11.111: Screw shaft 2.12: Fixed nut 3.13: Preload nut 4.14.114: Moving nut 8.18: Elastic body Applicant Kyocera Co., Ltd. Representative Kazuo InamoriFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3Figure 4Figure 4

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)移動ナツトと、ネジ軸との間にボールを介在せし
め、該ネジ軸を回転させることにより上記移動ナンドを
移動自在としたボールネジにおいて、ネジ軸、移動ナツ
ト、ボールのうち少なくともいずれか一つがセラミック
材もしくはサーメツト材で構成されていることを特徴と
するボールネジ。
(1) In a ball screw in which a ball is interposed between a movable nut and a screw shaft, and the movable nand is made movable by rotating the screw shaft, at least one of the screw shaft, the movable nut, and the ball is interposed between the movable nut and the screw shaft. A ball screw characterized in that one part is made of ceramic material or cermet material.
(2) 予圧ナツトと固定ナンドからなる移動ナンドと
、ネジ軸との間にボールを介在せしめ、該ネジ軸を回転
させることにより上記移動ナンドを移動自在としたボー
ルネジにおいて、ネジ軸、移動ナンド、ボールのうち少
なくともいずれか一つがセラミック材もしくはサーメツ
ト材で構成されるとともに上記固定ナンドと予圧ナツト
との間に弾状体を懸装し、常時予圧ナツトを押圧せしめ
るようにしたことを特徴とするボールネジ。
(2) A ball screw in which a ball is interposed between a movable Nand consisting of a preload nut and a fixed NAND and a screw shaft, and the movable NAND is movable by rotating the screw shaft, the screw shaft, the movable NAND, At least one of the balls is made of a ceramic material or a cermet material, and an elastic body is suspended between the fixed nand and the preload nut to constantly press the preload nut. ball screw.
JP7562784A 1984-04-13 1984-04-13 Ball screw Pending JPS60220256A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7562784A JPS60220256A (en) 1984-04-13 1984-04-13 Ball screw

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7562784A JPS60220256A (en) 1984-04-13 1984-04-13 Ball screw

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60220256A true JPS60220256A (en) 1985-11-02

Family

ID=13581656

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7562784A Pending JPS60220256A (en) 1984-04-13 1984-04-13 Ball screw

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60220256A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2249606A (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-13 Ibl Ballscrew assembly
JPH11270649A (en) * 1998-03-25 1999-10-05 Nippon Seiko Kk Ball screw device
US6321614B1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2001-11-27 Rexroth Star Gmbh Screw drive with rolling elements, and method of assembly
EP1637771A3 (en) * 2004-09-16 2007-11-21 KN Karl Neff Dienstleistungen Threaded drive unit
CN106838181A (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 上海新跃仪表厂 A kind of high rigidity transmission mechanism
CN111692304A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-22 傲垦数控装备(苏州)有限公司 Self-gap eliminating method for double-nut ball screw

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2249606A (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-13 Ibl Ballscrew assembly
JPH11270649A (en) * 1998-03-25 1999-10-05 Nippon Seiko Kk Ball screw device
US6321614B1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2001-11-27 Rexroth Star Gmbh Screw drive with rolling elements, and method of assembly
EP1637771A3 (en) * 2004-09-16 2007-11-21 KN Karl Neff Dienstleistungen Threaded drive unit
CN106838181A (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 上海新跃仪表厂 A kind of high rigidity transmission mechanism
CN111692304A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-22 傲垦数控装备(苏州)有限公司 Self-gap eliminating method for double-nut ball screw

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