JPS6021316B2 - Condenser for steam containing non-condensable gas and method for adjusting condensation amount using the same - Google Patents
Condenser for steam containing non-condensable gas and method for adjusting condensation amount using the sameInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6021316B2 JPS6021316B2 JP1111279A JP1111279A JPS6021316B2 JP S6021316 B2 JPS6021316 B2 JP S6021316B2 JP 1111279 A JP1111279 A JP 1111279A JP 1111279 A JP1111279 A JP 1111279A JP S6021316 B2 JPS6021316 B2 JP S6021316B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- condenser
- gas
- condensable gas
- condensate
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は不凝縮ガスを含む蒸気を凝縮するのに有用な凝
縮器、更に詳しくはその凝縮量の調整が容易な凝縮器及
びそれを用いた凝縮量の調整方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a condenser useful for condensing steam containing non-condensable gases, and more particularly to a condenser that allows easy adjustment of the amount of condensation, and a method of adjusting the amount of condensation using the same. .
一般に凝縮すべき蒸気中に不凝縮ガスを含有する場合は
、その不凝縮ガスをその凝縮系の適当な所から外部へ抜
出しながら凝縮する。Generally, when the vapor to be condensed contains non-condensable gas, the non-condensable gas is condensed while being extracted to the outside from an appropriate location in the condensing system.
通常その抜き出し場所は凝縮器、特に凝縮器の頂部であ
る。しかしそのよつな抜出し部を有する凝縮器を用いて
凝縮する場合、その凝縮量の制御、例えば一定流量の凝
縮に制御するとき、一般には凝縮器の流面制御と凝縮器
へ流入する蒸気量又は凝縮液の抜出し童制限の少なくと
も2系統の制御を必要とする。そのやり方は種々の方法
がとられ、例えば蒸気流量を一定に制御し、液面を一定
に保つように凝縮量を制御する方法、あるいは蒸気量を
一定になるよう凝縮器の冷却水流量を制御し、液面を一
定に保つように凝縮液流量を制御する方法などがあり、
いずれの場合も不凝縮ガスの抜出しはこれらの制御には
関与せず成り行きにまかせて行われる。本発明の凝縮器
は特有な不凝縮ガス抜出し方式を有することを特徴とし
ており、その不凝縮ガス抜出し墨制御を凝縮器の制御に
関与させることができ、それによって制御方式の著しく
簡単な凝縮器制御系とすることができるものである。Usually the point of extraction is the condenser, especially the top of the condenser. However, when condensing is performed using a condenser with a suitable extraction part, controlling the amount of condensation, for example, controlling the condensation at a constant flow rate, is generally done by controlling the flow surface of the condenser and the amount of steam flowing into the condenser. Or, it is necessary to control at least two systems of condensate withdrawal and limit control. Various methods are used to do this, such as controlling the steam flow rate to a constant level and controlling the amount of condensation to keep the liquid level constant, or controlling the flow rate of cooling water in the condenser to keep the steam amount constant. However, there are methods to control the condensate flow rate to keep the liquid level constant.
In either case, the extraction of non-condensable gas is carried out as it happens without being involved in these controls. The condenser of the present invention is characterized by having a unique non-condensable gas extraction method, and the non-condensable gas extraction control can be involved in the control of the condenser, thereby simplifying the control method of the condenser. It can be used as a control system.
従って、本発明は、新規な不凝縮ガス含有蒸気の凝縮器
を提供することを一つの目的としており、他の目的はそ
れは用いた有用な凝縮量制御方法を提供することにある
。そのような目的を達成する本発明は、01 上部に不
凝縮ガス含有蒸気導入口を有する熱交換部を設け、下部
に凝縮液の抜出口を有する液留部を設けた凝縮器におい
て、下部の液留部の側壁に閉口部を有し、該開口部とそ
れより上方のガス出口部とを導適するガス抜管を有する
ことを特徴とする不凝縮ガス含有蒸気の凝縮、ガス抜用
凝縮器、{2’上部に不凝縮ガス含有蒸気導入口を有す
る熱交換部を設け、下部に凝縮液の抜出口を有する液蟹
部を設けた凝縮器において、下部の液留部の側壁に関口
部を有し、該閉口部とそれより上方のガス出口部とを導
適するガス抜管を有する凝縮器を用いて、不凝縮ガス含
有蒸気を連続的に該蒸気導入口に導入し、凝縮液の抜出
口より抜出される凝縮液の流量を調整することにより液
蟹部の凝縮液の液面位置を変化せしめてガス抜管の閉口
面積を調整し、これによって凝縮器内の圧力を調整して
凝縮量を調整することを特徴とする不凝縮ガス含有蒸気
の凝縮量の調整方法、を特徴とするものである。Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a novel condenser for non-condensable gas-containing steam, and another object is to provide a useful method for controlling the amount of condensation using the same. To achieve such an object, the present invention provides a condenser having a heat exchange section having a non-condensable gas-containing steam inlet in the upper part and a liquid distillation part having a condensate outlet in the lower part. A condenser for condensing and degassing vapor containing non-condensable gas, characterized in that it has a closing part on the side wall of the liquid collecting part, and a gas venting pipe that connects the opening and a gas outlet part above the opening. {2' In a condenser that has a heat exchange section with a non-condensable gas-containing steam inlet in the upper part and a liquid crab part with a condensate outlet in the lower part, a sekiguchi part is installed on the side wall of the lower liquid collecting part. Using a condenser having a gas vent pipe that guides the closed part and the gas outlet part above the closed part, steam containing non-condensable gas is continuously introduced into the steam inlet, and a condensate outlet is provided. By adjusting the flow rate of the condensate drawn out, the liquid level position of the condensate in the liquid crab part is changed, and the closing area of the gas vent pipe is adjusted, thereby adjusting the pressure inside the condenser and increasing the amount of condensation. This invention is characterized by a method for adjusting the amount of condensation of steam containing non-condensable gas.
次に図面を用いて本発明を詳細に説明する。Next, the present invention will be explained in detail using the drawings.
第1図は本発明の凝縮器及びそれを用いて不凝縮ガスを
含有する蒸気を一定量凝縮する場合の例のフローシート
を簡略化して示したものである。第1図において、1は
凝縮器を示し、その上部に熱交換部2及び蒸気導入口3
を有する。熱交換部2の冷却媒体、例えば工業用水、海
水等はライン2aから導入されライン2bから排出され
る。又、その下部は凝縮液の液蟹部4となっており、熱
交換部2で凝縮された液はここへ流下されると共にその
底部に設けられた凝縮液の抜出口5より外部へ抜出され
るようになっている。一方、下部の液留部4の側壁6に
は関口部7が設けられており、その関口部7はガス抜管
8と蓮適している。ガス抜管8はその立上がり部8aに
よって関口部7より上方にあるガス出口部9に至ってい
る。液蟹部4における凝縮液液面は10で示され、かつ
第1図のロー0矢視より見た関口部7における凝縮液の
液面10の様子は第2図に示されている。このような構
成からなる凝縮器1を第1図の場合は例えば糟蟹塔20
から一定量の蒸気(不凝縮ガスを含む)を抜出し、それ
を凝縮したのち、凝縮液を再び塔20へ戻す例が示され
ている。不凝縮ガスを含む蒸気は20aから抜出されラ
イン21を通って凝縮器の蒸気導入口3より入り熱交換
部2で冷煤によって凝縮され、その液は液留部4に蟹る
。蒸気中の不凝縮ガスは側壁6に設けられた関口7から
ガス抜管8の上部空間、すなわち液面10とガス抜管8
の上部内壁とで囲まれた空間部10aを関口面積とした
領域を通り、ガス出口部9へ導かれここから矢印のよう
に外部、例えば大気に放出されるか、もしくは不凝縮ガ
スが有用であればその回収装置へ導かれる。一方、凝縮
液は凝縮器1の底部の抜出口5からライン22を通って
20bから精蟹塔201こ戻される。ライン22中には
液移送用ポンプPが適宜設けられてよく、又流量制御弁
FVが設けられている。この例では流量発信器FTの流
量値が常に一定となるように流量制御器FCが流量制御
弁FVを制御している。すなわち第1図の例は糟蟹塔2
0より一定流量の凝縮を行う場合に本発明の凝縮器を用
いたものである。この変形としては流量制御器FCの設
定値を一定とするのではなく他のプロセス信号によって
変化させる所謂追従制御も可能であり、又流量制御弁F
Vを適宜手動で変化させることでもよい。このような糟
留塔の凝縮量を変化させたい場合はライン22の流量を
変化させればよい。FIG. 1 is a simplified flow sheet showing an example of the condenser of the present invention and the case where a certain amount of steam containing non-condensable gas is condensed using the condenser. In FIG. 1, 1 indicates a condenser, and a heat exchange section 2 and a steam inlet 3 are provided on the upper part of the condenser.
has. A cooling medium for the heat exchange section 2, such as industrial water or seawater, is introduced through a line 2a and discharged through a line 2b. Further, the lower part thereof is a condensate liquid crab part 4, and the liquid condensed in the heat exchange part 2 flows down here and is extracted to the outside from a condensate extraction port 5 provided at the bottom. It is now possible to On the other hand, a side wall 6 of the lower liquid storage section 4 is provided with a gate 7, and the gate 7 is connected to the gas vent pipe 8. The gas vent pipe 8 reaches a gas outlet part 9 located above the entrance part 7 by its rising part 8a. The liquid level of the condensed liquid in the liquid crab part 4 is indicated by 10, and the state of the liquid level 10 of the condensed liquid in the Sekiguchi part 7 as seen from the low arrow direction in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. In the case of the condenser 1 having such a configuration as shown in FIG.
An example is shown in which a certain amount of steam (including non-condensable gases) is extracted from the tank, condensed, and then the condensate is returned to the column 20. Steam containing non-condensable gases is extracted from 20a, passes through a line 21, enters the steam inlet 3 of the condenser, is condensed by cold soot in the heat exchange section 2, and the liquid is transferred to the liquid distillation section 4. Non-condensable gas in the steam flows from the entrance 7 provided in the side wall 6 to the upper space of the gas vent pipe 8, that is, between the liquid level 10 and the gas vent pipe 8.
The gas passes through a region defined by the space 10a surrounded by the upper inner wall of the gas outlet section 9, and is led to the gas outlet section 9, from where it is discharged to the outside, for example, to the atmosphere, as shown by the arrow, or the non-condensable gas is useful. If so, you will be directed to the recovery device. On the other hand, the condensate is returned from the outlet 5 at the bottom of the condenser 1 through the line 22 to the crab tower 201 from 20b. A liquid transfer pump P may be appropriately provided in the line 22, and a flow rate control valve FV is also provided. In this example, the flow rate controller FC controls the flow rate control valve FV so that the flow rate value of the flow rate transmitter FT is always constant. In other words, the example in Fig. 1 is Kagani Tower 2.
The condenser of the present invention is used when condensing at a constant flow rate from zero. As a modification of this, so-called follow-up control is also possible, in which the set value of the flow rate controller FC is not kept constant but is changed by other process signals, and the set value of the flow rate control valve F
V may be changed manually as appropriate. If it is desired to change the amount of condensation in such a distillation column, the flow rate of the line 22 may be changed.
具体的に説明すると、例えば凝縮量を増加させようとす
るときは、流量制御器FCの設定値を増加する値だけ増
やし、その設定値と流量発信器FTの発信値が等しくな
るまで流量制御弁FVを開けるように流量制御器FCを
動作させる。これによって先ず凝縮液の戻り量、すなわ
ち凝縮器1の液抜出量はそれに対応して増加する。する
と凝縮器1の下部液留部4の液面10は低下し、それに
よってガス抜管8の空間部10aが増大し抜出される不
凝縮ガス流量も大となる。その結果凝縮器1内の圧力は
低下するので、ライン21からの蒸気流量が増大し凝縮
液の抜出塁とバランスするようになる。もちろん熱交換
部2の冷却容量はこのような変化を吸収できるだけの容
量を有するものを用いる。最終的な平衡状態は凝縮量の
増大に応じた流入蒸気量の増大及びそれに餅う不凝縮ガ
スの抜出量増大のためのいくらかの液面低下が生じた状
態で落着く。凝縮量を減少させる場合は上記と全く逆で
ある。本発明の凝縮器は、ガス抜管8の空間部10aの
関口面積を変化させて不凝縮ガスの抜出量を変化させる
ことによって凝縮量を変えられるものであるので、その
閉口面積の変化範囲が凝縮量変化範囲と対応する。Specifically, for example, when trying to increase the amount of condensation, the set value of the flow controller FC is increased by the increasing value, and the flow rate control valve is increased until the set value and the transmitted value of the flow rate transmitter FT become equal. Flow controller FC is operated to open FV. As a result, first of all, the amount of condensate returned, ie the amount of liquid withdrawn from the condenser 1, increases correspondingly. Then, the liquid level 10 in the lower liquid reservoir 4 of the condenser 1 decreases, thereby increasing the space 10a of the gas vent pipe 8 and increasing the flow rate of the non-condensable gas extracted. As a result, the pressure inside the condenser 1 decreases, so the flow rate of steam from the line 21 increases and becomes balanced with the extraction of condensate. Of course, the cooling capacity of the heat exchange section 2 is selected to have a capacity sufficient to absorb such changes. The final equilibrium state is settled in a state where the amount of incoming steam increases in accordance with the increase in the amount of condensation, and the liquid level decreases to some extent due to the increase in the amount of extracted non-condensable gas. The case of reducing the amount of condensation is completely opposite to the above. In the condenser of the present invention, the amount of condensation can be changed by changing the exit area of the space 10a of the gas vent pipe 8 and changing the extraction amount of non-condensable gas, so the range of change in the closing area can be changed. Corresponds to the condensation amount change range.
その意味で閉口部7及びガス抜管8の寸法及び形状は要
求に応じたものとする必要があり、大なる凝縮量変化を
必要とする場合は、それらの寸法も大としなければなら
ない。しかしこれらのことは設計上の問題に過ぎない。
又、関口部7及びガス抜管8の断面形状は第1図、第2
図のように必ずしも円形である必要はなく、楕円形、方
形、三角形、その他多角形でも必要に応じて変形しうる
。上記の例のように精留塔からの抜出し蒸気中に不凝縮
ガスが含有されていない場合は、ライン21の適当な所
から不凝縮ガス、例えば空気、窒素ガス等を混入させる
ことによって同等の効果を得ることができる。In this sense, the dimensions and shapes of the closing part 7 and the gas vent pipe 8 must be made to meet the requirements, and if a large change in the amount of condensation is required, these dimensions must also be made large. However, these are just design issues.
Also, the cross-sectional shapes of the entrance part 7 and the gas vent pipe 8 are as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
It does not necessarily have to be circular as shown in the figure, and may be modified to an elliptical, square, triangular, or other polygonal shape as necessary. If the steam extracted from the rectification column does not contain any non-condensable gas as in the above example, an equivalent amount can be obtained by mixing non-condensable gas, such as air or nitrogen gas, from an appropriate location in the line 21. effect can be obtained.
本発明の凝縮器によれば簡単な調整方法で効率良く凝縮
量の変化又はその安定化が達成できる。According to the condenser of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently change or stabilize the amount of condensation with a simple adjustment method.
又本発明の凝縮器を用いる場合は、通常の凝縮器のよう
にその液面が自己制御性を有せず、何らかの液面制御系
が必要とされるのとは異なり、液面が自己制御性を有す
るので本質的に液面制御の必要性がない。更に前記の例
のように凝縮液のラインのみに弁等の圧力降下(又は変
動)要素を挿入するだけでもよいので、凝縮器自体のそ
れによる圧力低下(これは熱交換部の蒸気と冷却水との
温度差低下を引起す)を考えなくてよいことは有利な点
である。Furthermore, when using the condenser of the present invention, the liquid level does not have self-control like a normal condenser and requires some kind of liquid level control system, but the liquid level does not have self-control. Therefore, there is essentially no need for liquid level control. Furthermore, as in the example above, it is sufficient to insert a pressure drop (or fluctuation) element such as a valve only in the condensate line. It is advantageous that there is no need to consider the temperature difference between the
第1図は本発明の凝縮器及びその作動フローシートの簡
略図である。
第2図は第1図0−ロ線の矢視図である。図において、
1・・・・・・凝縮器、2・・・・・・熱交換部、3・
・・・・・蒸気導入口、4・・・・・・液留部、5・・
・・・・凝縮液抜出口、6・・・・・・液留部側壁、8
・・・・・・ガス抜き管、10・・・・・・凝縮液液面
、21・・・・・・蒸気抜出しライン、22・・・・・
・凝縮液戻しライン、P・・・・・・ポンプ、FT・・
・・・・流量発信器、FC・・・・・・流量制御器、F
V・・・・・・流量制御弁、を表わす。
オー図
オ2図FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of the condenser of the present invention and its operational flow sheet. FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line 0--b in FIG. 1. In the figure,
1...Condenser, 2...Heat exchange section, 3.
...Steam inlet, 4...Liquid reservoir, 5...
... Condensate outlet, 6 ... Liquid reservoir side wall, 8
...Gas vent pipe, 10... Condensate liquid level, 21... Steam extraction line, 22...
・Condensate return line, P...pump, FT...
...Flow rate transmitter, FC...Flow rate controller, F
V...Represents a flow rate control valve. O diagram O 2 diagram
Claims (1)
を設け、下部に凝縮液の抜出口を有する液留部を設けた
凝縮器において、下部の液留部の側壁に開口部を有し、
該開口部とそれより上方のガス出口部とを導通するガス
抜管を有することを特徴とする不凝縮ガス含有蒸気の凝
縮、ガス抜き用凝縮器。 2 上部に不凝縮ガス含有蒸気導入口を有する熱交換部
を設け、下部に凝縮液の抜出口を有する液留部を設けた
凝縮器において、下部の液留部の側壁に開口部を有し、
該開口部とそれより上方のガス出口部とを導通するガス
抜管を有する凝縮器を用いて、不凝縮ガス含有蒸気を連
続的に該蒸気導入口に導入し、凝縮液の抜出口より抜出
される凝縮液の流量を調整することにより液留部の凝縮
液の液面位置を変化せしめてガス抜管の開口面積を調整
し、これによつて凝縮器内の圧力を調整して凝縮量を調
整することを特徴とする不凝縮ガス含有蒸気の凝縮量の
調整方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. In a condenser provided with a heat exchange part having a non-condensable gas-containing steam inlet in the upper part and a liquid collecting part having a condensate extraction port in the lower part, the side wall of the lower liquid collecting part has an opening in
A condenser for condensing and degassing steam containing non-condensable gas, characterized in that it has a gas vent pipe that communicates between the opening and a gas outlet above the opening. 2. In a condenser equipped with a heat exchange section having a non-condensable gas-containing steam inlet in the upper part and a liquid reservoir section having a condensate outlet in the lower part, the lower liquid reservoir section has an opening in the side wall. ,
Using a condenser having a gas vent pipe communicating between the opening and the gas outlet above it, steam containing non-condensable gas is continuously introduced into the steam inlet and extracted from the condensate outlet. By adjusting the flow rate of the condensate, the liquid surface position of the condensate in the liquid reservoir section is changed and the opening area of the gas vent pipe is adjusted, thereby adjusting the pressure inside the condenser and the amount of condensation. A method for adjusting the amount of condensation of non-condensable gas-containing steam.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1111279A JPS6021316B2 (en) | 1979-02-02 | 1979-02-02 | Condenser for steam containing non-condensable gas and method for adjusting condensation amount using the same |
US06/115,594 US4276125A (en) | 1979-02-02 | 1980-01-25 | Process for purification of crude olefinically unsaturated nitrile and condenser useful for same process |
GB8003063A GB2041372B (en) | 1979-02-02 | 1980-01-30 | Process for purification of crude olefinically unsaturated nitrile and condenser useful for same process |
DE3003332A DE3003332C2 (en) | 1979-02-02 | 1980-01-30 | Process for purifying crude acrylonitrile |
IT19561/80A IT1130912B (en) | 1979-02-02 | 1980-01-30 | PURIFICATION PROCESS OF CRUDE OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED NITRILS AND EQUIPMENT FOR CARRYING OUT THAT PROCEDURE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1111279A JPS6021316B2 (en) | 1979-02-02 | 1979-02-02 | Condenser for steam containing non-condensable gas and method for adjusting condensation amount using the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS55102886A JPS55102886A (en) | 1980-08-06 |
JPS6021316B2 true JPS6021316B2 (en) | 1985-05-27 |
Family
ID=11768920
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1111279A Expired JPS6021316B2 (en) | 1979-02-02 | 1979-02-02 | Condenser for steam containing non-condensable gas and method for adjusting condensation amount using the same |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6021316B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63158595U (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-10-18 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101646125B1 (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2016-08-12 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | Gas capturing plant |
-
1979
- 1979-02-02 JP JP1111279A patent/JPS6021316B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63158595U (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-10-18 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS55102886A (en) | 1980-08-06 |
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