JPS6020299A - Fire sensor - Google Patents
Fire sensorInfo
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- JPS6020299A JPS6020299A JP12979783A JP12979783A JPS6020299A JP S6020299 A JPS6020299 A JP S6020299A JP 12979783 A JP12979783 A JP 12979783A JP 12979783 A JP12979783 A JP 12979783A JP S6020299 A JPS6020299 A JP S6020299A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- fire
- smoke
- detection
- ratio
- change
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Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、異なった煙検出1r/l造を・bつ複数の煙
検出器で検出した煙iFl+立の時間相関特性の変化か
ら火災を判別づるようにした火災感知装置に関Jる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a fire detection system which distinguishes a fire from a change in the time correlation characteristics of smoke iFl+T detected by a plurality of smoke detectors with different smoke detection structures. Regarding equipment.
従来、火災時に発生J6煙を検出する煙検出器どしては
、光電式煙感知器、イオン化式煙感知器等が知られてJ
3す、各感知器内イjの検出原理に1;tづ゛いて煙濃
度に応じた検出イ5シ】を出力し、感知器に股【プた火
災判別回路で検出温1哀が規定110以上どなったとき
に火災受信機に火災検出13号を送出Jるようにしてい
る。Conventionally, photoelectric smoke detectors, ionization smoke detectors, etc. have been known as smoke detectors that detect J6 smoke generated during a fire.
3. The detection principle of each sensor is outputted according to the smoke concentration, and the detected temperature is determined by the fire detection circuit connected to the sensor. When the fire alarm exceeds 110, fire detection number 13 is sent to the fire receiver.
一方、近年に83いては、火災感知器に火災判別回路を
設けず、感知器で検出した煙濃度に応じたアナログ検出
信号をそのまま受信機に送出し、受信)幾において受信
されたアナログ検出15号にJ、【づいて火災を判別す
るにうにした方式もIR案されている。On the other hand, in recent years, fire detectors have not been equipped with a fire discrimination circuit, and the analog detection signal corresponding to the smoke concentration detected by the detector is directly sent to the receiver. IR has also been proposed for a method to identify fire based on the number J.
しかしながら、従来の火災感知装置ぺけ、いり゛れも中
−の検出原理に基づいた火災検出信号から火災を判別す
る点で同じであり、火災にイ゛1′なう!、ヘトの聞、
叩ら煙瀧1哀から火災を判別づるしのであり、煙ia度
からは燃焼物の種類、即ち煙の買が分らり゛、例えば煙
草の煙であってもJJI定淵麿に達Jれば火災と判断し
て火災警報名誤って(14にってしJ、うどいう問題が
あつζ−0
水元1111は、このような従来の問題点に鑑みてなさ
れたもので、煙濃度、即15煙の量的な変化のみなら一
す゛、燃焼物によって異なる煙の種類、即ち煙の質的変
化を捕えることにより火災を適確に判別J−る」:うに
した火災感知装置を提供することを目的とする。However, as with conventional fire detection devices, they are all the same in that they identify a fire from a fire detection signal based on the middle detection principle. , Heto's Listen,
Fires can be determined from the smoke level, and the smoke intensity can be used to determine the type of combustible material, that is, the amount of smoke. If it is determined that there is a fire, the fire alarm name may be mistaken (on 14th, there is a problem of trouble). To provide a fire detection device that can accurately identify a fire by detecting only the quantitative change in smoke, but by detecting the types of smoke that differ depending on the combustion material, that is, the qualitative changes in smoke. The purpose is to
この目的を達成するため本発明は、煙検出(f’s 漬
の異なった少なくとも2つの煙検出器を検出状態が略同
−となるように警戒区域に設置し、ある114点にd5
ける各煙検出器の検出濃度の相互特性、例えば濃度比率
に対し次の断点での相互1tI性が変化したどきに火災
と判別づるJ:うにしたbのである。In order to achieve this object, the present invention installs at least two smoke detectors with different smoke detection (f's) detection conditions in a warning area so that their detection states are approximately the same, and d5 at certain 114 points.
A fire is determined when the mutual characteristic of the detected concentration of each smoke detector changes, for example, the mutual characteristic at the next cut point with respect to the concentration ratio.
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明りる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
第1図【ユ本発明の一実施例を示したブロック図である
。まず、構成を説明すると、1は光源として可視光を用
いた光電式の煙感知器、1は光源として近赤外線を用い
た161じ光電式の煙感知器で(わっ、煙感知器1,2
はl、’f l1jl−の;、や検出状態かiJIられ
るにうに警戒区域の大月面等に隣接し−C設置される。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. First, to explain the configuration, 1 is a photoelectric smoke detector that uses visible light as a light source, 1 is a photoelectric smoke detector similar to 161 that uses near-infrared light as a light source (wow, smoke detectors 1 and 2
It will be installed adjacent to the large lunar surface of the warning zone, etc., in the detection state or iJI.
3は、煙感知器1,2の検出出力を入力接続した比率演
算回路であり、可視光を用いた煙感知器1による検出温
l良をA11 、近赤外線を用いた1iyi(6知器2
による検出濃度をBnとするど、Dn=Bn/An
として濃度比率[)nを演pし、このit’、fil哀
比休′体〕11の演算は一定周期fdに煙感知器1.2
の検出信号をサンプリングして行ない、更に比率演算(
,1アナログ演樟であってt)J:いじ、検出信号をデ
ィジタルデータに変換して行なうディジタル’&Q K
’であってもJζい。尚、濃度比率1) nの演算は、
検出)農度An、B口がゼロまたは一定)心以下のとき
4;1 号!止づ゛ることか誤動作を防11−りるため
に望、11、しい。3 is a ratio calculation circuit to which the detection outputs of the smoke detectors 1 and 2 are connected as input;
Let the detected concentration be Bn, then calculate the concentration ratio [)n as Dn=Bn/An, and calculate this it', fil Aihikyu' field]11 at a constant period fd of the smoke detector 1.2.
This is done by sampling the detection signal of
, 1 analog operation t)
'Even if it's Jζ. In addition, the calculation of concentration ratio 1) n is as follows:
Detection) Agricultural degree An, B mouth is zero or constant) When it is below the center 4; No. 1! 11. In order to prevent stoppage or malfunction, 11.
比率演算回路3て演算したff!を良化率Onはデータ
メモリ4に記憶され、データメモリ4の記憶データは次
のサンプリングによ゛り濃度比率が得られたどきデータ
メモリ5に転送され、データメモリ4には新たに演算さ
れた濃度比率のデータが記憶されるj;うになる。すな
わち、比率演算回路3が濃度比率を演算する毎にデータ
メモリ5には前回の演弥データ[)+1−1が記憶され
、データメモリ4に【、本今回の1−タDnが記憶され
るようになる。ff! calculated by ratio calculation circuit 3! The improvement rate On is stored in the data memory 4, and the data stored in the data memory 4 is transferred to the data memory 5 when the concentration ratio is obtained by the next sampling, and the newly calculated data is stored in the data memory 4. The data of the concentration ratio is stored. That is, every time the ratio calculation circuit 3 calculates the concentration ratio, the data memory 5 stores the previous data [)+1-1, and the data memory 4 stores [, the current 1-taDn]. It becomes like this.
データメー[す4,51こ記憶した記憶データ[) n
おJζび[)n−1のそれぞれは比較回路6に与えられ
、比較回+t8Gはメモリデータ[)nとQl)−1が
lnl −シしくけ予め定めた所定値α以内の変化のと
きには火災用ツノを行なわず、メモリデータDnと□n
−1が一致しないとき、もしく(よ所定値ΔDを越える
変化を判別したときに火災出力を行なうようになる。Data mail [4,51 memorized data [) n
Each of Jζ and [)n-1 is given to the comparator circuit 6, and the comparison circuit +t8G is the memory data [)n and Ql)-1 are lnl-shikkei, so if the change is within a predetermined value α, a fire occurs. Memory data Dn and □n without performing
-1 does not match, or when it is determined that the change exceeds a predetermined value ΔD, a fire output is performed.
次に、第1図の実施例における可視光による煙検出部1
復と近赤外rJAtこよる煙検出m磨との濃度比率に基
づく火災判別の原理を説明J゛る。Next, the smoke detection section 1 using visible light in the embodiment shown in FIG.
This section explains the principle of fire discrimination based on the concentration ratio of smoke detection by near-infrared rJAt and smoke detection by near-infrared rJAt.
第2図は、可視光を光源とした煙感知器1の煙検出濃度
△と近赤外線を光源とした煙感知器2の検出濃度Bの濃
度比率D == 13 / Aを燃焼実験により燃焼物
の材質に応じて測定したホリ定fiQを示したもので、
第2図の表から明らかなように材質によってlit度比
率の416が界なり、この濃度比率から燃焼物の種類を
判別づることができる。Figure 2 shows the concentration ratio D == 13 / A between the smoke detection density △ of smoke detector 1 using visible light as the light source and the detection density B of smoke detector 2 using near-infrared light as the light source. It shows the hole constant fiQ measured according to the material of
As is clear from the table in FIG. 2, the lit degree ratio of 416 varies depending on the material, and the type of combustion material can be determined from this concentration ratio.
従って、本発明においては可視光ににる検出温1良Aと
、近赤外線による検出濃度Bとf)s +う濃度比率り
を一定周期毎にめ、同じ′4/J質の燃焼にあっては、
濃度比率に変化がないことから火災と判別せず、火災の
拡大により他の燃焼物に燃え移り、煙の種類が変わるこ
とをf、H良比卆]〕の変化で監視づることで、他の材
質の部材に燃え移ったことを判別することができ、濃度
比率の変化から煙の質の変化をとらえて火災と判別りる
j、うlこしている。Therefore, in the present invention, the temperature detected by visible light (1A), the concentration detected by near infrared rays (B), and the ratio of f) s Well,
Since there is no change in the concentration ratio, it is not determined that it is a fire, but as the fire spreads, it spreads to other burning materials and the type of smoke changes. It can be determined that the fire has spread to the material, and it can be determined that it is a fire by detecting changes in the quality of the smoke from changes in the concentration ratio.
次に、第3図のフローチャー1−を参照して第1図の実
施例の動作を説明する。Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be explained with reference to flowchart 1- in FIG. 3.
まず、ブロックaで一定周期毎に煙感知器1゜2の煙デ
ータAll、’Bnをサンプリングし、ブロックbで比
較演算回路3により濃度比sonを演算し、次の判別ブ
ロックCにおいて今回のリンブリングデータに旙づく濃
度比率Dnと前回のサンプリングデータで演算された濃
度比率[) p−1とを比較し、両者が同じで変化がな
ければブロックdにおいて今回の′a度比率1) nを
前回の濃瓜1ヒ率Dn−1として再びブロックaに戻り
、次の煙データのサンプリングを行なう。First, in block a, smoke data All and 'Bn of the smoke detector 1゜2 are sampled at regular intervals, in block b, the comparison calculation circuit 3 calculates the concentration ratio son, and in the next judgment block C, the current ring Compare the concentration ratio Dn based on the bling data with the concentration ratio [) p-1 calculated from the previous sampling data, and if both are the same and there is no change, calculate the current 'a degree ratio 1) n in block d. The process returns to block a again with the previous melon 1 hit rate Dn-1, and samples the next smoke data.
一方、判別ブロックC′T−濃度比率Dnと[) 1−
+との間に変化があれば、判別ブ[1ツク0に進み、濃
度比率QnとQ n−Iの差の絶対値△Dが所定値α以
上であるかどうかを判別し、所定値α以下であれば検出
誤差による変化としてブロックdを介して再びブロック
aのサンプリングに戻り、一方、所定値α以上となる変
化へ〇を生じているときには、火災の拡大により煙のY
5か変化していることから火災と判別しくブロック[に
進み、火災警報を行なう。On the other hand, the discrimination block C'T-density ratio Dn and [) 1-
If there is a change between If it is less than 0, the sampling returns to block a again via block d as a change due to detection error. On the other hand, if the change is equal to or greater than the predetermined value α, the smoke Y
Since the number has changed, it is determined that there is a fire, and the block goes to block [, where a fire alarm is issued.
尚、実用に際しては濃度比率に基づく火災判別に加えて
煙感知器1.2の各検出4度を所定の閾値と比較し、煙
濃度に基づいC火災を判別でる手段を組合せ、濃度判別
よIζはC電比率の判別のいずれか一方の火災判別が1
X)られIこと6に火災芭報を行なうようにづることか
望ましい。In addition, in practical use, in addition to fire discrimination based on the concentration ratio, each detected 4 degree of the smoke detector 1.2 is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and a means for discriminating C fire based on the smoke concentration is combined, and concentration discrimination is performed. If either one of the C electric ratio determinations has a fire determination of 1
X) It is advisable to issue a fire alarm in the event of a fire.
第4図は本発明の他の実施例を示したブロック図であり
、この実施例は検出構造の異なる2つの煙検出器として
、イオン化式煙感知器7と減光式煙感知器8を用いたこ
とを特徴とする。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment uses an ionization type smoke detector 7 and a dimming type smoke detector 8 as two smoke detectors with different detection structures. It is characterized by having been.
りなわら、同一の燃焼条件のもとてイオン化式煙感知器
7ど、減光式煙感知器8の検出rl瓜を燃焼実験により
測定すると、第5図のグラフに承りように燃焼物の種類
によつ(箕なる1!j牲曲線か(!lられる。However, when the detection rl melons of the ionization type smoke detector 7 and the attenuation type smoke detector 8 were measured in a combustion experiment under the same combustion conditions, the types of combustibles were determined as shown in the graph of Figure 5. Yotsu(Minaru 1!j sacrifice curve?(!l).
第5図14燃焼物として杉4A、ラワン4A、グンボー
ル、新゛間紙、更に煙感知器の試験に用いる発煙筒の煙
に対する減光式煙感知器8ににる減光率とイオン化式★
や感知器の検出出力との相関関係を示した:bので、燃
焼物の種類にJこつて特性曲線の傾きに顕著な相3aが
見られる。Fig. 5 14 Cedar 4A, Lauan 4A, gunball, new interleaving paper as combustion materials, and the attenuation rate and ionization formula for the attenuation type smoke detector 8 for the smoke from the smoke cylinder used for the smoke detector test★
and the correlation with the detection output of the sensor.
従って、第4図の実施例ではイオン化式煙感知器7によ
る検出′ml5CI nと減光式煙感知器8の検出11
3IPnとの濃度比率Dn = In /Pnを演算し
、この濃度比率Qnは第5図の特性曲線にお(プる傾さ
を与えてa3す、従って1Ii1度比率[)+)の変化
(沫燃tlA物の種類が変わったことを意味し、濃度比
率[)nの変化から火災の拡大により燃焼物の補力″■
か変化したことを判別して火災N報を行なうようになる
。Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
The concentration ratio Dn = In /Pn with 3IPn is calculated, and this concentration ratio Qn is calculated by applying the slope of (a3) to the characteristic curve in FIG. This means that the type of combustible material has changed, and from the change in the concentration ratio [)n, the reinforcement of the combustible material due to the spread of the fire"■
The fire alarm will be issued based on a change in the number of fires.
次に、第6図の70−チV−トを参照して第4図の実施
例の動作を説明覆ると、まずブロックaでイオン化式煙
感知器7および減光式り;p感知器8で検出し′Cいる
煙デーク(但し、In、Pnはゼロまたは一定値を上回
る(n)を一定周期毎に1ノンプリングし、ブロックb
でtEf! 瓜比:t” D 11を演C> シ、判別
ブロックCにおいて今回のカ?度比141)’nど前回
の濃度比率[) n−1とを比較し、両v1に変化がな
(プればブロックdにおいて今回の濃度比率(〕11を
前回の濃度比率()n−1に置き変え(再びブロックa
に戻り、一方、判別ブロックCで濃度比率1)t)と濃
度比率Dn−+の変化が判別されたどきには、判別10
ツクeに進み、濃度比率Onと1)n−+の差の絶対値
ΔDを所定値βと比較する。ここで、所定値βは第5図
の特性グラフに示す、材質fすに貨なる特性曲線の傾き
の相互間のII]′iきの差の最小値に対応した値とし
て定められ、所定値βを越える濃度比率の変化ΔDが得
られていると3に火災と判別してブロックf r火災W
ff報を行なう。Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 will be explained with reference to chart 70-V in FIG. The smoke data detected in 'C' (however, In and Pn are zero or exceed a certain value (n) is non-pulled once every fixed period, and block b
And tEf! Calculation ratio: t''D Then, in block d, replace the current density ratio (]11 with the previous density ratio ()n-1 (block a again)
On the other hand, when the change in the density ratio 1) t) and the density ratio Dn-+ is determined in the determination block C, the determination 10 is executed.
Proceeding to step e, the absolute value ΔD of the difference between the density ratios On and 1)n−+ is compared with a predetermined value β. Here, the predetermined value β is determined as a value corresponding to the minimum value of the difference in slopes of the characteristic curves corresponding to the material f shown in the characteristic graph of FIG. If a change ΔD in the concentration ratio exceeding β is obtained, it is determined that there is a fire in step 3, and the block f r fire W
ff report.
尚、上記の実施例は検出IM 造の異なる2つの煙検出
器の検出出力に1%づいた相Ei’J:I竹の変化がら
火災を判別しているが、異なった検出4M 造をもつ、
2以上の煙検出器の相互特性の変化から火災を判別する
ようにしてもよい。Incidentally, in the above embodiment, a fire is determined based on the change in the phase Ei'J:I which is 1% based on the detection output of two smoke detectors with different detection IM structures. ,
A fire may be determined from a change in the mutual characteristics of two or more smoke detectors.
次に、本発明の詳細な説明すると、検出構造の異なる、
少なくども2つの煙検出器にJ、る検出濃度の相互特性
を演算し、この相互特性が変化したときに火災と判別−
31’ 6 J、うにしているため、例えば煙草の煙や
調理等による煙が発生しても燃焼物が単一であることか
ら相互特性が変化計J”、誤って火災判別を行なうこと
が確実に防止でき、非火災報を生り゛ることのない、信
頼性の高い火災判別を行なうことができる。一方、最初
に流入した煙が煙草の煙であっても、新聞紙や木材等に
燃え広がったときに(よ、相互特性の変化をとらえて火
災と判別することがでさ、この相互特性の変化にLlづ
く火災判別は煙濃麿に依存しないことから、煙i14度
が低い火災初期の段階において適1iftな火災πで報
を行なうことができる。Next, the present invention will be explained in detail.
Calculate the mutual characteristics of the detected concentrations of at least two smoke detectors, and identify a fire when this mutual characteristic changes.
31' 6 J, for example, even if there is smoke from cigarettes or cooking, the burning material is a single substance, so the mutual characteristics may change. It is possible to reliably detect fires without causing any non-fire alarms.On the other hand, even if the smoke that first comes in is cigarette smoke, it is possible to When a fire spreads, it is possible to identify a fire by detecting changes in the mutual characteristics, and since fire detection based on changes in these mutual characteristics does not depend on the smoke concentration, it is possible to detect fires when the smoke temperature is low at 14 degrees. At the stage of , it is possible to make a warning with an appropriate 1ift of fire π.
尚、上記の実施例では、検出構造の貨イヱるカV−検出
器を同じ検出状態が411られるようにVζ成区域に設
置づる揚台を例にとるものであ−)だが、同じ感知器筐
体内に異なった検出構造を備えlこ煙検出器を使用Jる
ようにしてもJ、いことは勿論である。In the above embodiment, an example is taken of a platform that is installed in a Vζ formation area so that the V-detector containing the detection structure is in the same detection state. Of course, it is also possible to use a smoke detector with a different detection structure inside the device housing.
第1図は本発明の一実施例を示したグロック図、第2図
は第1図の実施例にお(プる淵度比市の燃焼実験による
データを示した説明図、第3図は第1図の実施例の動作
を示したフローヂャーh、第4図は本発明の他の実施例
を示したブロック図、第5図は第4図の実施例におりる
濃度比率を与えるイオン化式f感知器と減光式煙感知器
の検出濃度の相関特性を示したグラフ図、第6図(ま第
4図の実施例の動作を示した〕[1−チト−1〜である
。
1:煙感知器(可視光)
2:煙感知器(近赤外線)
3:比率演算回路
4.5:データメロリ
6:比率演算回路
7:イオン化式煙感知器
8:減光式2感知器
特許出願人 ホーチキ株式会社
代理人 弁理士 竹 内 進
−沌−
第2図Fig. 1 is a Glock diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the embodiment of Fig. Flowchart h showing the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 an ionization formula that gives the concentration ratio in the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the correlation characteristics between the detected concentration of the f-sensor and the attenuation type smoke detector (also shows the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4) [1-Tito-1~]. : Smoke detector (visible light) 2: Smoke detector (near infrared) 3: Ratio calculation circuit 4.5: Data Melody 6: Ratio calculation circuit 7: Ionization type smoke detector 8: Attenuation type 2 sensor Patent applicant Hochiki Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Susumu Takeuchi Chaos Figure 2
Claims (1)
知する少なくとも2つの煙検出器を略同−の検出状態が
得られるJ:うに警戒地区に設置し、該煙検出器の各々
で得られた煙濃度のある時点での相互特性に対し次の時
点での相互特性が変化したとき火災と判別する火災判別
手段を設けたことを特徴とする火災感知装置。At least two smoke detectors that detect the amount of physical change that occurs during a fire with different detection structures can obtain approximately the same detection status. 1. A fire detection device characterized in that a fire detection device is provided for determining a fire when the mutual characteristics of smoke concentration at a certain point in time change and the mutual characteristics at the next point in time change.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP12979783A JPS6020299A (en) | 1983-07-15 | 1983-07-15 | Fire sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP12979783A JPS6020299A (en) | 1983-07-15 | 1983-07-15 | Fire sensor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6020299A true JPS6020299A (en) | 1985-02-01 |
Family
ID=15018464
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP12979783A Pending JPS6020299A (en) | 1983-07-15 | 1983-07-15 | Fire sensor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6020299A (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5343499A (en) * | 1976-10-01 | 1978-04-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Smoke detector |
JPS576988A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1982-01-13 | Cerberus Ag | Fire detecting method and fire alarm device |
-
1983
- 1983-07-15 JP JP12979783A patent/JPS6020299A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5343499A (en) * | 1976-10-01 | 1978-04-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Smoke detector |
JPS576988A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1982-01-13 | Cerberus Ag | Fire detecting method and fire alarm device |
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