JPS6019120B2 - Sea heater - Google Patents
Sea heaterInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6019120B2 JPS6019120B2 JP53060151A JP6015178A JPS6019120B2 JP S6019120 B2 JPS6019120 B2 JP S6019120B2 JP 53060151 A JP53060151 A JP 53060151A JP 6015178 A JP6015178 A JP 6015178A JP S6019120 B2 JPS6019120 B2 JP S6019120B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sheathed heater
- heating wire
- insulation
- insulating powder
- heater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はシーズヒータに係り、特に保護管内の絶縁粉末
に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sheathed heater, and particularly to an insulating powder in a protective tube.
一般にシーズヒータの発熱体にはニッケルークロム系合
金の電熱線と、鉄ークロムーアルミ系合金の電熱線が使
用されている。Generally, a heating wire made of a nickel-chromium alloy and a heating wire made of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy are used for the heating element of a sheathed heater.
このうちでも高温特性が要求される電熱体としては、鉄
ークロム−アルミ系合金が一般的に多く使用されている
。シーズヒータとしては、上記の発熱体をコイル状に巻
回して、金属管等の保護管内にマグネシア等の電気絶縁
粉末を介して挿入した後、スェージング等の手段で縮律
して、電気絶縁粉末の充填密度を高め、発熱体を固定す
るとともに必要な熱伝導を行なわせている。しかしなが
ら、このようなシーズヒ−夕においても次のような問題
点がある。Among these, iron-chromium-aluminum alloys are commonly used as electric heating bodies that require high-temperature properties. As a sheathed heater, the above-mentioned heating element is wound into a coil, inserted into a protective tube such as a metal tube through electrically insulating powder such as magnesia, and then compressed by means such as swaging to form an electrically insulating powder. The packing density is increased to secure the heating element and provide the necessary heat conduction. However, even in such a seasonal heat, there are the following problems.
｛１｝ 電気絶縁性を保持するために、保護管内に充填
するマグネシア粉末等の電気絶縁粉末に含有する水分を
完全に除去する必要があること。{1} In order to maintain electrical insulation, it is necessary to completely remove the moisture contained in the electrical insulation powder, such as magnesia powder, that is filled into the protective tube.
（２’水分の侵入を防ぐために端末を完全に封口処理す
る必要があること。‘３’さらには、端部の封□を完全
にすればするほど水分の侵入による絶縁問題は解決でき
るが、発熱体の温度として、５００℃以上の高温のシー
ズヒータの場合の劣化現象は、シーズヒータ中の電熱線
の高温における酸化およびチッ化反応により、シーズヒ
ータ中の内部の空気が減少し、絶縁破壊電圧が低下する
ためと、電熱線からの金属成分がマグネシア粉末上に表
面拡散しシーズヒータの絶縁抵抗を劣化させていると一
般的に言われている。(2) It is necessary to completely seal the terminal to prevent the intrusion of moisture. '3' Furthermore, the more completely the end is sealed, the more insulation problems caused by moisture intrusion can be solved. The deterioration phenomenon in the case of a sheathed heater with a heating element temperature of 500°C or higher is that the air inside the sheathed heater decreases due to oxidation and nitridation reactions of the heating wire in the sheathed heater at high temperatures, resulting in dielectric breakdown. It is generally said that the insulation resistance of the sheathed heater deteriorates because of the voltage drop and because metal components from the heating wire diffuse onto the surface of the magnesia powder.
本発明は上記のような問題点を改良し、発熱温度を高く
し、かつ断線不良，絶縁不良，耐電圧の低下等を生じな
い高温で安定シーズヒータを提供するものである。The present invention improves the above-mentioned problems and provides a sheathed heater that increases the heat generation temperature and is stable at high temperatures without causing wire breakage, insulation failure, or decrease in withstand voltage.
すなわち、保護管内に挿入するマグネシア粉末等の絶縁
粉末に少量の遷多金属の酸化物を添加混合し、電熱線か
らの金属成分がマグネシア粉末上に拡散するのを抑制し
、かつ蒸散した金属を酸化させて絶縁抵抗を劣化させる
ことを防止することに成功したものである。In other words, a small amount of transitional metal oxide is added to and mixed with an insulating powder such as magnesia powder to be inserted into the protective tube, to suppress the metal components from the heating wire from diffusing onto the magnesia powder, and to remove the evaporated metal. This succeeded in preventing deterioration of insulation resistance due to oxidation.
遷多金属の酸化物を添加することにより次の効果を確認
した。■ シーズヒータ中の電熱線が遷多金属の酸化物
により酸化皮膜を生成し、金属の蒸散を低下する。The following effects were confirmed by adding transition polymetal oxides. ■ The heating wire in the sheathed heater generates an oxide film due to transitional metal oxides, reducing metal evaporation.
■ マグネシア粉末上に拡散した金属成分を酸化させて
絶縁抵抗の劣化を防ぐ。■ Prevents deterioration of insulation resistance by oxidizing the metal components diffused on the magnesia powder.
次に本発明の具体的な実施例について述べる。Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
実施例 〔１〕鉄−クロムーアルミ系合金の発熱線（Ｆ
ＣＨ−０）を用いてコイル状に形成する。Example [1] Iron-chromium-aluminum alloy heating wire (F
CH-0) to form a coil shape.
一方電気絶縁粉末としてマグネシア粉末に二酸化マンガ
ンをぶれ％加えて十分に混合する。このような方法で得
られた絶縁粉末と前記発熱体を金属の保護管中．に挿入
しスェージングにより縦摩して絶縁粉末の充填密度を高
め前記発熱体を固定するとともに端部を封□処理して試
料を得た。このようにして得たシーズヒータ試料を各使
用温度ごとに電圧を変化させてシーズヒータの表面温度
を光高温計で測定して１０００Ｈｒの寿命試験を行なっ
た。On the other hand, as an electrical insulating powder, manganese dioxide is added to magnesia powder and mixed thoroughly. The insulating powder obtained by this method and the heating element are placed in a metal protective tube. The heat generating element was fixed by inserting the heat generating element into the heat generating body and vertically rubbing it by swaging to increase the packing density of the insulating powder, and the end portion was sealed to obtain a sample. The thus obtained sheathed heater sample was subjected to a life test of 1000 hours by changing the voltage at each operating temperature and measuring the surface temperature of the sheathed heater with an optical pyrometer.
その後直流５０ＯＶの絶縁抵抗計により、充電部（発熱
体）と非充電金属部（保護管）の絶縁抵抗を測定した。
試料の測定は温度ごとに５０ケ行ない。各温度に連続１
０００Ｈｒ通電後、室温２０二０にて前記絶縁抵抗計で
計測し、ＩＭＯ以下を不良としてその時の不良率を測定
した。この結果を図に示す。図から明白のごとく、従来
のものＢは温度が高くなるに従がし、不良率が急激に上
昇するが、本発明実施例のものＡはそのカーブがゆるや
かであり、本発明は絶縁不良を大幅に改善できることを
確認した。なお二酸化マンガンも多くの結晶系がある本
発明ではベータの二酸化マンガン（８一Ｍｎ０２）が効
果的であった。Thereafter, the insulation resistance of the live part (heating element) and the non-charged metal part (protection tube) was measured using a DC 50 OV insulation resistance meter.
Fifty samples were measured at each temperature. Continuous 1 for each temperature
After energizing for 000 hours, the insulation resistance was measured using the insulation resistance meter at room temperature of 2020 hours, and the failure rate at that time was measured, with values below IMO being considered defective. The results are shown in the figure. As is clear from the figure, as the temperature rises in conventional type B, the defective rate increases rapidly, but in the case of type A according to the present invention, the curve is gentle, and the present invention reduces insulation defects. We confirmed that it can be significantly improved. In the present invention, where manganese dioxide has many crystal systems, beta manganese dioxide (81Mn02) was effective.
すなわち一般的に良く知られているガンマ一の二酸化マ
ンガン（ッ−Ｍび０２）は、電気化学的には活性で電池
材料として好ましいが本実施例における二酸化マンガン
は還元されても容易に金属状にならず、反応の進行とと
もに低級酸化物へ多行して行く８一Ｍｎ０２が良い。す
なわちＭｎ０２→Ｍｎ２０３→Ｍ比０４→Ｍｎ○となる
。酸素を放出しつつかつ絶縁性を十分に保持するという
極めて特異な性質があり、電熱線から金属成分が蒸散し
ないように酸化皮膜を形成し、さらに蒸散した金属成分
を酸化させて絶縁抵抗を増大化する。この性質を利用す
ると極めて高温で安定な完全封□したシーズヒータを得
ることができる。なお、二酸化マンガンと同様な性質を
有し、かつ同様な効果を発揮する金属酸化物としては鉄
（Ｆｅ），コバルト（ＣＯ），ニッケル（Ｍ），クロム
（Ｃｒ）等の酸化物材料が優れていた。以上の説明から
明らかなように本発明のシーズヒータは絶縁粉末中に燈
多金属の酸化物を混合してあり、この遷多金属の酸化物
は還元反応の進行にともない低級酸化物に多行するが金
属状にはならず、かつ、この反応につれて放出された酸
素によって電熱線表面に酸化皮膜を生成し、金属成分の
蒸散を抑制するとともに蒸散した金属成分を酸化し、絶
縁抵抗を増大化するなどの効果を有し、発熱温度を高く
しても断熱不良，絶縁不良，耐電圧の低下を生じない高
温で安定なシーズヒータを得ることができる。In other words, the generally well-known manganese dioxide with a gamma of 1 (-M-02) is electrochemically active and is preferable as a battery material, but the manganese dioxide used in this example is easily converted into a metallic state even when reduced. It is preferable to use 8-Mn02, which does not become oxidized and gradually converts to lower oxides as the reaction progresses. That is, Mn02→Mn203→M ratio 04→Mn○. It has a very unique property of releasing oxygen while maintaining sufficient insulation properties, forming an oxide film to prevent metal components from evaporating from the heating wire, and further oxidizing the evaporated metal components to increase insulation resistance. become By utilizing this property, it is possible to obtain a completely sealed sheathed heater that is stable at extremely high temperatures. Note that oxide materials such as iron (Fe), cobalt (CO), nickel (M), and chromium (Cr) are excellent as metal oxides that have similar properties and exhibit similar effects as manganese dioxide. was. As is clear from the above explanation, the sheathed heater of the present invention has a polymetal oxide mixed in the insulating powder, and as the reduction reaction progresses, the polymetal oxide becomes a lower oxide. However, it does not become metallic, and the oxygen released during this reaction forms an oxide film on the surface of the heating wire, which suppresses the evaporation of metal components and oxidizes the evaporated metal components, increasing insulation resistance. It is possible to obtain a sheathed heater that is stable at high temperatures without causing poor insulation, poor insulation, or a drop in withstand voltage even when the heat generation temperature is increased.
図は従釆のシーズヒ−夕と本発明の一実施例を示すシー
ズヒータの寿命試験後の使用温度と不良率の特性図であ
る。The figure is a characteristic diagram of operating temperature and defective rate after a life test of a subordinate sheathed heater and a sheathed heater showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (1)
填しなるシーズヒータにおいて、絶縁粉末中にコバルト
，鉛，マンガン，クロムから選ばれる少なくとも一種以
上の金属の酸化物を混合してなるシーズヒータ。1. A sheathed heater in which insulating powder is filled between the heat generating part consisting of a heating wire and a protective tube, in which an oxide of at least one metal selected from cobalt, lead, manganese, and chromium is mixed in the insulating powder. Sea heater.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53060151A JPS6019120B2 (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1978-05-19 | Sea heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53060151A JPS6019120B2 (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1978-05-19 | Sea heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS54150751A JPS54150751A (en) | 1979-11-27 |
| JPS6019120B2 true JPS6019120B2 (en) | 1985-05-14 |
Family
ID=13133859
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53060151A Expired JPS6019120B2 (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1978-05-19 | Sea heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6019120B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0427064Y2 (en) * | 1985-02-14 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JPH0511616Y2 (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1993-03-23 |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5746487A (en) * | 1980-09-04 | 1982-03-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sheathed heater |
| JPS57189482A (en) * | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-20 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sheathed heater |
| AU541582B2 (en) * | 1981-05-18 | 1985-01-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | A shielded heating element and a method of manufacturing the same |
| JPS57191987A (en) * | 1981-05-20 | 1982-11-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sheathed heater |
| JPS57189484A (en) * | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-20 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method of producing sheathed heater |
| EP0079386B1 (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1986-08-27 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | A shielded heating element |
| JPS57202084A (en) * | 1981-06-03 | 1982-12-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sheathed heater |
| JPS57202677A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1982-12-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sheathed heater |
| JPS57202675A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1982-12-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sheathed heater |
| JPS57202678A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1982-12-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sheathed heater |
| JPS60230966A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1985-11-16 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Steel for dry and corrosive environment containing chloride at high temperature |
| BRPI0709424B1 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2018-07-03 | Stoneridge, Inc. | TEMPERATURE SENSOR |
| CN103180703B (en) | 2010-09-07 | 2016-10-19 | 斯通瑞智公司 | Temperature sensor and corresponding engine system |
-
1978
- 1978-05-19 JP JP53060151A patent/JPS6019120B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0427064Y2 (en) * | 1985-02-14 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JPH0511616Y2 (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1993-03-23 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS54150751A (en) | 1979-11-27 |
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