JPS6018462B2 - Thermal spray equipment - Google Patents
Thermal spray equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6018462B2 JPS6018462B2 JP10985081A JP10985081A JPS6018462B2 JP S6018462 B2 JPS6018462 B2 JP S6018462B2 JP 10985081 A JP10985081 A JP 10985081A JP 10985081 A JP10985081 A JP 10985081A JP S6018462 B2 JPS6018462 B2 JP S6018462B2
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- Prior art keywords
- coating
- thermal spray
- powder
- nozzle
- cover
- Prior art date
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はプラスチック溶射塗装、特にェポキシ樹脂など
の熱硬化性プラスチック粉体の溶射塗装用溶射装置に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a thermal spraying apparatus for thermal spray coating of plastics, particularly for thermal spray coating of thermosetting plastic powders such as epoxy resins.
粉体塗装法の一つであるプラスチック溶射塗装は、静電
塗装法や流動浸債法などのような加熱炉を用いる粉体塗
装法とは異なり、塗装装置が簡便であること、極めて厚
膜が得られること、既設の構造物への塗装が可能である
こと、などの特徴を有する。Plastic thermal spray coating, which is one of the powder coating methods, differs from powder coating methods that use heating furnaces, such as electrostatic coating and fluidized bonding, because the coating equipment is simple and the coating is extremely thick. It has the following characteristics: it can be used to paint existing structures, and it can be applied to existing structures.
これに使用される粉体塗料は、熱可塑性樹脂例えば、ナ
イロン、ポリエチレン、塩化ビニルの粉体と熱硬化性樹
脂、例えばェポキシ樹脂の粉体とを溶射塗装に通した形
態ならびに特性としたものである。この中でェポキシ樹
脂は、機械的特性、電気的特性、熱的特性薬品特性等に
優れていること、および硬化反応の速度や形態の自由度
が大きいこと等の多くの特長を有する。The powder coating used for this purpose is made by thermally spraying powders of thermoplastic resins such as nylon, polyethylene, and vinyl chloride and powders of thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins. be. Among these, epoxy resin has many features such as excellent mechanical properties, electrical properties, thermal properties, chemical properties, etc., and a high degree of freedom in curing reaction speed and form.
そのため、防食用粉体塗料として、近年、多量に使用さ
れつつある。このェポキシ樹脂を特に硬化反応速度が速
くなるように配合して総射塗装に適用すると、一般の粉
体塗装工程で行なわれる、所定温度で所定時間加熱して
硬化反応を完結させるいわゆる「後加熱」工程を省くこ
とが可能となる。したがって、被塗物の形状に制限がな
くなり、かつまた既設構造物への粉体塗装が可能となる
。ェポキシ樹脂は、それゆえ、重防食ライニングや電気
絶縁ラィニングとして広く使用されてきている。ェポキ
シ樹脂粉体を使用したこのような「後加熱」工程のない
溶射塗装は、上記のように、ェポキシ樹脂粉体を所定温
度で所定時間加熱して硬化反応を完結させるもの、実際
には被塗物に与えられる予熱と溶射火炎の頚射熱とだけ
で完了させねばならないものである。Therefore, in recent years, it has been used in large quantities as an anticorrosive powder coating. When this epoxy resin is blended in such a way that the curing reaction rate is particularly fast and applied to total spray coating, it can be applied to the so-called "post-heating" process, which involves heating at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time to complete the curing reaction, which is done in a general powder coating process. ” process can be omitted. Therefore, there are no restrictions on the shape of the object to be coated, and existing structures can also be powder coated. Epoxy resins have therefore been widely used as heavy duty anti-corrosion linings and electrically insulating linings. Thermal spray coating using epoxy resin powder without a "post-heating" process is one in which the curing reaction is completed by heating the epoxy resin powder at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time, as described above. This process must be completed using only the preheating applied to the coating and the head heat from the spray flame.
したがって、材料となるェポキシ樹脂は、極めて硬化速
度の遠い配合の組成物である必要がある。硬化速度の指
標の一つであるそのゲル化時間は、例えば温度110q
oで2分3胡座、150qoで1分、200午0で2現
砂というようなものでなければならない。このような速
度硬化性の組成物の粉体を用いる溶射塗装においては「
スプレーされた樹脂が彼塗物表面に付着するまでにすで
に約80%の硬化反応を起こしている。Therefore, the epoxy resin used as the material needs to be a composition with an extremely slow curing rate. The gelation time, which is one of the indicators of curing speed, is, for example, at a temperature of 110q
It should be something like 2 minutes and 3 legs at o, 1 minute at 150 qo, and 2 gensuna at 200 o'clock. In thermal spray coating using powder of such a fast-curing composition,
By the time the sprayed resin adheres to the surface of the coating, about 80% of the curing reaction has already occurred.
そして被塗物表面に付着した直後ほぼ瞬間的にゲル化し
、次いで硬化反応が完結する。それゆえ、被塗物表面で
樹脂が流動状態に奮っている期間は短く、平滑な塗腰が
得られる条件幅は著しく狭い。溶射火炎が直接当ってい
る樹脂部分は、しかしながら、加熱が十分に行なわれる
ため、硬化反応が進み増粘した樹脂も平滑な塗膜となる
まで加熱溶融させることが可能である。他方、熔射火炎
の周辺に飛散する、オーバースプレーミストといわゆる
粒子も同様に硬化反応が進んでいる。しかし、この粒子
は、十分な競射熱が得られないため、被塗物に付着して
も溶融せずゲル化し、次いで硬化してしまう。それゆえ
、平滑な塗膜が得られないばかりか気泡の巻込みやピン
ホール等の塗膜欠陥の原因となる。本発明の目的は、平
滑な港射塗膜を形成する溶射装置を提供することにある
。Immediately after it adheres to the surface of the object to be coated, it gels almost instantaneously, and then the curing reaction is completed. Therefore, the period during which the resin is in a fluid state on the surface of the object to be coated is short, and the range of conditions under which a smooth coating can be obtained is extremely narrow. However, since the resin portion that is directly hit by the spray flame is sufficiently heated, it is possible to heat and melt the resin, which has increased in viscosity due to the progress of the curing reaction, until it becomes a smooth coating film. On the other hand, the overspray mist and so-called particles scattered around the blast flame are also undergoing a curing reaction. However, since sufficient competitive heat cannot be obtained from these particles, even if they adhere to the object to be coated, they do not melt but gel, and then harden. Therefore, not only is it impossible to obtain a smooth coating film, but it also causes coating film defects such as inclusion of air bubbles and pinholes. An object of the present invention is to provide a thermal spraying apparatus that forms a smooth sprayed coating film.
本発明の他の目的は、いわゆるオーバースプレーミスト
を捕捉する溶射装置を提供することにある。本発明のさ
らに他の目的は、特にェポキシ樹脂などの熱硬化性プラ
スチック粉体の溶射塗装に適した溶射塗装を提供するこ
とにある。以下に本発明を実施例に基づき図面を参照し
つつ詳述する。Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal spraying device that captures so-called overspray mist. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal spray coating particularly suitable for thermal spray coating of thermosetting plastic powder such as epoxy resin. The present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the drawings.
第1図および第2図に示すように、本発明の溶射装置1
は、供給手段2と、溶射ノズル3と、円環状カバー5と
を有する。供給手段2は例えば複数のホースでなり、溶
射ノズル3の後端に接続されている。これらホースがプ
ロパンガスおよび酸素ガスのように火炎ガス、塗料粉体
、冷却空気などを溶射ノズル3にそれぞれ供給する。ノ
ズル3には支持架4を介して円環状カバー5が取りつけ
られている。この支持架4はその一端41で溶射ノズル
3の先端近傍を包囲している。この支持架4の池端42
にはその周縁に沿って円環状カバー5が固定されている
。この円環状カバー5は、その表面近傍の流体に「コア
ンダ効果」を生じさせるのである。このカバー5は、望
ましくは、中空パイプなどで作られ、かつ、スリット5
0が関口これる。カバー5は、しかも、排気口51を有
しこれを介して図外の吸引ポンプなどの吸引手段に連結
される。供給手段2を介してノズル3に供給された火炎
ガスはそこで混合され、溶射火炎31となってノズル先
端30から噴射される。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a thermal spraying apparatus 1 of the present invention
has a supply means 2, a thermal spray nozzle 3, and an annular cover 5. The supply means 2 is made up of a plurality of hoses, for example, and is connected to the rear end of the thermal spray nozzle 3. These hoses supply flame gas, paint powder, cooling air, etc., such as propane gas and oxygen gas, to the thermal spray nozzle 3, respectively. An annular cover 5 is attached to the nozzle 3 via a support frame 4. This support rack 4 surrounds the vicinity of the tip of the thermal spray nozzle 3 at one end 41 thereof. The pond end 42 of this support rack 4
An annular cover 5 is fixed along its periphery. This annular cover 5 causes a "Coanda effect" in the fluid near its surface. This cover 5 is desirably made of a hollow pipe or the like, and has a slit 5.
0 is Sekiguchi colle. The cover 5 also has an exhaust port 51 through which it is connected to a suction means such as a suction pump (not shown). The flame gases supplied to the nozzle 3 via the supply means 2 are mixed there, become a thermal spray flame 31, and are injected from the nozzle tip 30.
材料粉体は冷却空気と共にノズル先端30から綾射火炎
31中に噴射され溶射スプレー32となる。この溶射ス
プレー32は溶射火炎31から頚射熱を受け加熱される
。加熱された溶射スプレー32の材料粉体は溶融されつ
つ円環状カバー外部の被塗物6に向って飛糊する。彼塗
物6は所定温度に子熱されている。溶融材料粉体はその
表面に付着し塗膜7を形成する。上記熔射スプレー32
が本装置1の外部に向って飛糊する間に、この溶射スプ
レー32の周辺にオーバースプレーミスト33が飛散す
る。The material powder is injected from a nozzle tip 30 into a traverse flame 31 together with cooling air to form a thermal spray 32 . This thermal spray 32 receives neck radiation heat from the thermal spray flame 31 and is heated. The material powder of the heated thermal spray spray 32 is fused and sprayed toward the object 6 to be coated outside the annular cover. The coating material 6 is heated to a predetermined temperature. The molten material powder adheres to the surface and forms a coating film 7. The above blast spray 32
Overspray mist 33 is scattered around this thermal spray spray 32 while it is being sprayed toward the outside of the apparatus 1 .
これらオーバースプレーミスト33は、上記円環状カバ
ー5の「コアンダ効果」によりその進行方向を曲られる
。進行方向を曲げられたオーバースプレーミストは本装
置1の先端を彼塗物6に並行に放射状に飛散し、彼塗物
6には衝突しない。特に、円環状カバー内外の空気が上
記吸引手段によりスリット50および排気口51を介し
て常時吸引される場合には、円環状カバー表面に沿って
飛散するこれらオーバースプレーミストは吸引空気と共
にカバー内および/もしくは吸引手段に捕捉これる。し
たがって、オーバースプレーミストが円環状カバー5の
表面に付着積層することがなく、また、オーバースプレ
ーミストの進行方向変更効果を増大させることになる。
次に、本発明の熔射装置によるヱポキシ樹脂粉体の溶射
塗装の一実施例を示す。The traveling direction of these overspray mist 33 is deflected by the "Coanda effect" of the annular cover 5. The overspray mist whose traveling direction is bent is scattered radially from the tip of the device 1 in parallel to the object 6 to be coated, and does not collide with the object 6 to be coated. In particular, when the air inside and outside the annular cover is constantly sucked by the suction means through the slit 50 and the exhaust port 51, the overspray mist scattered along the surface of the annular cover is absorbed into the cover along with the suction air. /or be captured by suction means. Therefore, the overspray mist does not adhere to the surface of the annular cover 5, and the effect of changing the traveling direction of the overspray mist is increased.
Next, an example of thermal spray coating of epoxy resin powder using the spraying apparatus of the present invention will be described.
実験例
(11 塗装材料粉体として用いたェポキシ樹脂組成物
:ビスフェノールA型ェポキシ樹脂(油化シェルェポキ
シ社製、商品名ェピコート#1002)10の重量部と
、ィソフオロンジアミンと油化シェルェボキシ社製ェポ
キシ化合物(ェピコート#828)とを2:1で変性し
たィソフオロンジアミンアダクト1重量部と、2一フヱ
ニルィミダゾリン(Veba−Chemie社製)、商
品名B−31)4重量部と、充填剤チタン白(堺化学工
業株式会社製、商品名R−650)30重量部と、およ
び流れ調整剤(モンサント社製、商品名モダフローパウ
ダ−1)1重量部とをへンシルミキー(三井三池製作所
製)により予備混合した。Experimental Example (11) Epoxy resin composition used as coating material powder: 10 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin (manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd., trade name: Epicoat #1002), isophorone diamine, and Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd. 1 part by weight of isophorone diamine adduct modified with an epoxy compound (Epicort #828) in a ratio of 2:1, and 4 parts by weight of 21-phenyl imidazoline (manufactured by Veba-Chemie, trade name B-31). , 30 parts by weight of titanium white filler (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name: R-650), and 1 part by weight of a flow regulator (manufactured by Monsanto, trade name: Modaflow Powder-1) were mixed into Hensyl Miky (manufactured by Monsanto Co., Ltd., trade name: Modaflow Powder-1). (manufactured by Mitsui Miike Seisakusho).
次いで、コニーダーPR−46(ブス社製)にて溶融混
合し押し出し、サンプルミル粉砕機(不二パウダル株式
会社製)により粉砕した。これを、ロータップ式分級機
により分級し、粒径250仏以下のェポキシ樹脂粉体を
得た。この粉体のゲル化時間は温度150℃で52秒で
あった。■ 溶射塗装条件:このェポキシ樹脂粉体を、
表面温度17000に予熱した厚さ3岬、300×7仇
蚊の鋼板に溶射塗装した。プロパンガスは0.4気圧、
酸素ガスは0.6気圧、冷却空気は1.6気圧に設定さ
れた。本発明の溶射装置を1往復させて塗膜約0.3柳
の塗膜を鋼板の半分だけに形成し、次いで、この鋼板の
残り半分の面を同様に塗装ししかも塗り重ね部のある塗
装鋼板を作った。上記塗膜は、溶射装置1から円環状カ
バーを取りはずして溶射した場合を(以下試料番号1:
対照)と表示し、円環状カバーを取りつけた場合を(以
下試料番号2:本発明)と表示する。この2種類の塗膜
について以下の試験した。‘3} 形成塗膜の性状判定
試験:
(3・1) アセトンラビング試験
ェポキシ樹脂樹脂粉体塗料により形成される塗膜の硬化
状態を知るための試験である。Next, the mixture was melt-mixed and extruded using a co-kneader PR-46 (manufactured by Busu Co., Ltd.), and pulverized using a sample mill pulverizer (manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.). This was classified using a low-tap classifier to obtain epoxy resin powder with a particle size of 250 French or less. The gelation time of this powder was 52 seconds at a temperature of 150°C. ■ Thermal spray coating conditions: This epoxy resin powder is
Thermal spray coating was applied to a 300 x 7 inch steel plate with a thickness of 3cm and preheated to a surface temperature of 17,000℃. Propane gas is 0.4 atm.
The oxygen gas was set at 0.6 atm and the cooling air at 1.6 atm. The thermal spraying device of the present invention is made to reciprocate once to form a coating film of approximately 0.3 willow on only half of the steel plate, and then the remaining half of the steel plate is coated in the same manner, and there are overcoated areas. I made a steel plate. The above coating film was obtained when the annular cover was removed from the thermal spraying device 1 (hereinafter sample number 1).
The case where the annular cover was attached is indicated as (hereinafter sample number 2: the present invention). The following tests were conducted on these two types of coating films. '3} Test for determining the properties of the coating film formed: (3.1) Acetone rubbing test This is a test to determine the hardening state of the coating film formed by the epoxy resin powder coating.
アセトンに浸潰した布により塗膜を3回にわたって拭き
取り、塗膜の溶解状態を目視により観察する。溶解され
ていないときは「0ハ溶解されているときは「×」と判
定した。(3・2) 耐衝撃性試験
ヱポキシ樹脂樹脂粉体塗料により形成される塗膜の強度
を知るための試験である。The coating film was wiped off three times with a cloth soaked in acetone, and the state of dissolution of the coating film was visually observed. When it was not dissolved, it was judged as "0". When it was dissolved, it was judged as "x". (3.2) Impact resistance test This is a test to determine the strength of a coating film formed from an epoxy resin powder coating.
塗装鋼板に対し、デュポン式衝撃試験機を用いて撃芯径
1/2インチ、繋芯荷重lk9、落下距離50肌の条件
この試験を行なった。衝撃を与えた後の塗膜の状態を目
視により観察し、塗膜に割れやはがれ等の変化が生じな
かったときは「oハ衝撃により塗膜に割れやはがれ等が
生じたときは「×」と判定した。(3・3) 平滑性試
験
塗膜の平滑性を知るための試験である。This test was conducted on a painted steel plate using a DuPont impact tester under the conditions of a striking core diameter of 1/2 inch, a connecting core load of lk9, and a falling distance of 50 skins. Visually observe the condition of the paint film after the impact, and if no changes such as cracking or peeling occur in the paint film, mark "o".If cracks or peeling occur in the paint film due to impact, mark "x". ” was determined. (3.3) Smoothness test This is a test to find out the smoothness of the coating film.
塗り重ね部の塗膜表面形状を万能表面形状測定機SE−
丈型(小坂研究所製)を用いて測定した。Universal surface shape measuring machine SE- measures the surface shape of the paint film in the overcoated area.
Measurement was performed using a length type (manufactured by Kosaka Institute).
この試験結果は第1表と第3図aおよびbとに示される
。特に第3図は、試料番号1が塗り重ね部において、形
状が約0.11肋の範囲にわたって変化しているのに対
し、試料番号2は約0.06脚の範囲にわたっているに
すぎないことを示している。これにより、後加熱工程の
ないェポキシ樹脂熔射塗装に本発明の溶射装置を用いる
と、完全に硬化した平滑な塗膜の得られることがわかる
。第1表The results of this test are shown in Table 1 and Figures 3a and b. In particular, Figure 3 shows that the shape of Sample No. 1 changes over a range of about 0.11 ribs in the overpainted area, whereas the shape of Sample No. 2 changes over a range of only about 0.06 legs. It shows. This shows that when the thermal spraying apparatus of the present invention is used for epoxy resin spray coating without a post-heating step, a completely cured and smooth coating film can be obtained. Table 1
第1図は本発明の溶射装置1の一例を示す半図解式部分
断両側面図、第2図はその装置の斜視図、第3図aおよ
びbはそれぞれ対照塗膜および本装置による塗膜の平滑
性を示すチャートである。
1…熔射装置、2…供給手段、3・・・熔射ノズル、4
・・・支持架、5・・・円環状カバー、6・・・被塗物
、7…形成塗膜、31・・・溶射火炎、32・・・溶射
スプレー、33…オーバースプレーミスト、50…スリ
ット、51…排気口。
汁!図
汁2図
力3図FIG. 1 is a semi-illustrated partial cross-sectional side view of an example of the thermal spraying apparatus 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the apparatus, and FIGS. 3 a and b are a control coating and a coating formed by the apparatus, respectively. It is a chart showing the smoothness of. 1... Melting device, 2... Supply means, 3... Melting nozzle, 4
. . . Support rack, 5 . Slit, 51...exhaust port. juice! Illustration soup 2 illustration 3 illustration
Claims (1)
る供給手段と、(2)該供給手段に接続する溶射ノズル
と、(3)該ノズルに支持架を介して取りつけられる円
環状カバーと、を有し、(4)上記ノズルから冷却空気
と共に噴射される塗料粉体が該ノズルから噴射される溶
射火炎で加熱溶融されつつ飛翔する間に該溶射火炎の周
辺に飛散し該溶射火炎に十分加熱されない粉体粒子が上
記円環状カバーによりその進行方向を曲げられ該カバー
の表面に沿つて飛散するよう構成してなる溶射装置。 2 前記円環状カバーが中空なし、スリツト及び排気口
を有し、該排気口は吸引手段に接続され、該吸引手段に
より該カバー内外の空気を該スリツトおよび排気口を介
して吸引することにより前記粉体粒子を該スリツトを介
して該カバー内に捕捉するように構成してなる前記特許
請求の範囲第1項に記載の装置。[Claims] 1. (1) supply means for supplying flame gas, paint powder, cooling air, etc., (2) a thermal spray nozzle connected to the supply means, and (3) a support frame connected to the nozzle. (4) while the paint powder sprayed from the nozzle together with the cooling air is heated and melted by the spray flame sprayed from the nozzle and flies around the spray flame; The thermal spraying apparatus is configured such that powder particles that are scattered and are not sufficiently heated by the spray flame are deflected in their traveling direction by the annular cover and are scattered along the surface of the cover. 2. The annular cover is solid and has a slit and an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is connected to a suction means, and the suction means sucks air inside and outside the cover through the slit and the exhaust port. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, adapted to trap powder particles in the cover via the slit.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10985081A JPS6018462B2 (en) | 1981-07-13 | 1981-07-13 | Thermal spray equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10985081A JPS6018462B2 (en) | 1981-07-13 | 1981-07-13 | Thermal spray equipment |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5811057A JPS5811057A (en) | 1983-01-21 |
JPS6018462B2 true JPS6018462B2 (en) | 1985-05-10 |
Family
ID=14520767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP10985081A Expired JPS6018462B2 (en) | 1981-07-13 | 1981-07-13 | Thermal spray equipment |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6018462B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004071671A1 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2004-08-26 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Systems and methods for coating conduit interior surfaces utilizing a thermal spray gun with extension arm |
US6889557B2 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2005-05-10 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Network and topology for identifying, locating and quantifying physical phenomena, systems and methods for employing same |
US7276264B1 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2007-10-02 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Methods for coating conduit interior surfaces utilizing a thermal spray gun with extension arm |
US7324011B2 (en) | 2004-04-14 | 2008-01-29 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Method and system for pipeline communication |
US7334485B2 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2008-02-26 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | System, method and computer-readable medium for locating physical phenomena |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6095957U (en) * | 1983-12-02 | 1985-06-29 | 株式会社クボタ | Coating device with dust collector |
JPS6122570U (en) * | 1984-07-12 | 1986-02-10 | 章三 小澤 | Body waste suction device using jet |
DE10331664B4 (en) * | 2003-07-12 | 2006-11-02 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Plasma spraying process and device suitable for this purpose |
-
1981
- 1981-07-13 JP JP10985081A patent/JPS6018462B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004071671A1 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2004-08-26 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Systems and methods for coating conduit interior surfaces utilizing a thermal spray gun with extension arm |
US6889557B2 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2005-05-10 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Network and topology for identifying, locating and quantifying physical phenomena, systems and methods for employing same |
US6916502B2 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2005-07-12 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Systems and methods for coating conduit interior surfaces utilizing a thermal spray gun with extension arm |
US7032459B2 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2006-04-25 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Structures including network and topology for identifying, locating and quantifying physical phenomena |
US7124644B2 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2006-10-24 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Structure for identifying, locating and quantifying physical phenomena |
US7276264B1 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2007-10-02 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Methods for coating conduit interior surfaces utilizing a thermal spray gun with extension arm |
US7334485B2 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2008-02-26 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | System, method and computer-readable medium for locating physical phenomena |
US7324011B2 (en) | 2004-04-14 | 2008-01-29 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Method and system for pipeline communication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5811057A (en) | 1983-01-21 |
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