JPS601820B2 - Magnetization method of rotor magnet in DC non-commutator motor - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は直流無整流子電動機における回転子磁石の着磁
方法に関し、回転子磁石をその円周方向の磁束分布が円
滑とするように着磁することを目的とする。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method of magnetizing a rotor magnet in a DC non-commutator motor, and an object of the present invention is to magnetize the rotor magnet so that the magnetic flux distribution in the circumferential direction is smooth. .

一般に電動機、発電機等の磁石回転子を磁化する場合、
該回転子をあらかじめ適当なる磁化装置によって磁化せ
しめる単体磁化法と、前記回転子と対になって電動機或
いは発電機を構成する固定子に組込んだ後、該固定子の
巻線に大電流を瞬時通電して磁化せしめる組込磁化法が
ある。Generally, when magnetizing the magnet rotor of an electric motor, generator, etc.
A single magnetization method in which the rotor is magnetized in advance with a suitable magnetization device, and a large current is applied to the windings of the stator after it is incorporated into a stator that pairs with the rotor to constitute a motor or generator. There is a built-in magnetization method that instantaneously applies electricity to magnetize the material.

圧縮機の駆動に直流無整流子電動機を用いる場合、該電
動機への回転子磁石の粗込以前の行程、例えば回転子製
造、運搬、保管時等における鉄粉等の付着を避けるため
、細込磁化法により回転子を磁化せしめるのが通例であ
る。When a DC non-commutator motor is used to drive a compressor, the rotor magnets are finely inserted in the motor to avoid adhesion of iron powder, etc., during the steps before coarsely inserting the rotor magnets into the motor, such as during rotor manufacturing, transportation, and storage. It is customary to magnetize the rotor using a magnetization method.

この細込磁化法は磁化時の磁気回路を開路することが無
いため磁化後磁気回路を閥略して電動機に組込む単体着
磁法に比較して、空隙磁束密度を高くすることができ、
エネルギー的には有利であるが、反面固定子の形状を磁
化に最適な形状にすることが困難であり、したがって空
隙の磁束分布を最も好ましい分布にすることが難しい。This fine magnetization method does not open the magnetic circuit during magnetization, so it is possible to increase the air gap magnetic flux density compared to the single magnetization method, which omits the magnetic circuit after magnetization and incorporates it into the motor.
Although it is advantageous in terms of energy, on the other hand, it is difficult to make the shape of the stator optimal for magnetization, and therefore it is difficult to make the magnetic flux distribution in the air gap the most preferable distribution.

特に電機子巻線を収納する固定子溝部が空隙に対して関
口しており、さらに前記溝部の数が回転子極数より多い
場合には、該溝部が回転子の磁気分布に悪影響を及ぼし
、電動機の効率を低下させることになる。本発明は上記
の点に鑑みてなされたもので以下図について説明する。In particular, if the stator grooves that house the armature windings are in contact with the air gap, and the number of grooves is greater than the number of rotor poles, the grooves will have an adverse effect on the magnetic distribution of the rotor. This will reduce the efficiency of the electric motor. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第１図は４極の場合の実施例で、１は固定子鉄心、２は
１相の巻線で他相の巻線（図示せず）と共に電機子巻線
を構成する。FIG. 1 shows a four-pole embodiment, where 1 is a stator core, 2 is a one-phase winding, and together with other phase windings (not shown) constitute an armature winding.

３は回転子磁石、４は回転軸５を圧入固定するための套
管６をダィカスト等の適宜手段により前記回転子磁石３
と結合固着する、例えば亜鉛、活字合金等の軟性金属で
ある。3 is a rotor magnet, and 4 is a sleeve 6 for press-fitting and fixing the rotating shaft 5 to the rotor magnet 3 by appropriate means such as die-casting.
It is a soft metal such as zinc, type alloy, etc., which is bonded and fixed with.

７は磁束分布を円滑にする為に磁化時にのみ固定子銑Ｄ
Ｉと回転子磁石３の間の空隙に挿入する磁性体よりなる
円筒で、該円筒は前記固定子１の内表面と前記回転子磁
石３の極表面に密着している方が望ましい。7 is the stator pig D only during magnetization in order to smooth the magnetic flux distribution.
A cylinder made of a magnetic material is inserted into the gap between I and the rotor magnet 3, and it is preferable that the cylinder is in close contact with the inner surface of the stator 1 and the pole surface of the rotor magnet 3.

従来の組込磁化の如く、固定子１と回転子磁石３の空隙
に磁性体よりなる円筒７の存在しない状態で巻線２に磁
化電源により磁化電流を通電すると第３図イに図示した
如く、磁化のための磁束は固定子歯部から略放射状に回
転子表面に向い、固定子溝閉口部に対向する回転子表面
に入射する磁束は少ない。As in conventional built-in magnetization, when a magnetizing current is applied to the winding 2 by a magnetizing power source in the absence of a cylinder 7 made of a magnetic material in the gap between the stator 1 and the rotor magnet 3, as shown in FIG. The magnetic flux for magnetization is directed toward the rotor surface approximately radially from the stator tooth portion, and the magnetic flux that is incident on the rotor surface facing the stator groove closing portion is small.

而して回転子表面１極当りの磁束分布は第２図イの如く
なり固定子溝閉口部に対向する部位に凹状歪曲が生じる
。Therefore, the magnetic flux distribution per pole on the rotor surface becomes as shown in FIG. 2A, and a concave distortion occurs in the portion facing the stator groove closing portion.

この磁束分布の歪曲は電動機の円滑な回転を阻害し、該
電動機の効率を低下させる大きな因となる。然るに本発
明の如く磁性体の円筒７を空隙に挿入した状態で磁化す
ると、第３図口に示した様に固定子溝閉口部に対向する
回転子表面にも磁束が入射し易くなる。This distortion of the magnetic flux distribution disturbs the smooth rotation of the motor and is a major cause of reducing the efficiency of the motor. However, when the magnetic cylinder 7 is magnetized while being inserted into the air gap as in the present invention, the magnetic flux is likely to be incident on the rotor surface facing the stator groove closing portion as shown in the opening of FIG.

これはあたかも固定子溝部を閉溝としたかの如くである
。そして回転子表面の磁束分布は第２図口の様に磁性体
の円筒７を挿入しないで磁化した場合に比べて著しく滑
らかになり電動機の効率を向上させる。次に圧縮機駆動
用電動機に適用した場合につき説明する。This is as if the stator groove was a closed groove. The magnetic flux distribution on the rotor surface is much smoother than in the case of magnetization without inserting the magnetic cylinder 7 as shown in Figure 2, improving the efficiency of the motor. Next, a case where the present invention is applied to a compressor driving electric motor will be explained.

第４図において、８は軸受を兼ねた電動機枠で電動要素
９と圧縮要素１０を取付けた状態で適当な弾性手段等に
より密閉容器に係止せしめるものである。そして固定子
１を設置する前に磁性体の内筒７を回転子磁石３の外周
に沿って挿入し、前記固定子１を挿入して螺子等により
電動機枠８に係止する。In FIG. 4, reference numeral 8 denotes an electric motor frame which also serves as a bearing, which is secured to the closed container by suitable elastic means or the like with the electric element 9 and compression element 10 attached. Before installing the stator 1, an inner cylinder 7 made of a magnetic material is inserted along the outer periphery of the rotor magnet 3, and the stator 1 is inserted and fixed to the motor frame 8 with screws or the like.

その後前記回転子磁石３の磁極表面を磁化に用いる電動
機巻線２に対向する位置に設定し、前述の磁化操作を終
えた後前記円筒７を取り去るものである。したがって前
記円筒７の厚みを空隙長さに応じた適当な寸法にしてお
けば空隙長さを全周に亘つて均一にすることが出来、前
述の円滑な磁束分布と相まってより良好な電動機特性を
得られるものである。Thereafter, the magnetic pole surface of the rotor magnet 3 is set at a position facing the motor winding 2 used for magnetization, and the cylinder 7 is removed after the above-mentioned magnetization operation is completed. Therefore, by setting the thickness of the cylinder 7 to an appropriate size according to the air gap length, the air gap length can be made uniform over the entire circumference, which, in combination with the aforementioned smooth magnetic flux distribution, provides better motor characteristics. That's what you get.

第５図は円筒７の異なる実施例を示すものでイは円筒７
を磁性体で形成した場合、口は回転子磁石３の極間に対
向する部分を切欠１１磁性体の円筒７を示し、磁化時に
おいて異極間の磁気短絡（磁束が回転子磁石を通らずに
固定子歯部から磁性体の円筒を経て隣接する極の固定子
歯部へ漏洩すること）を避けることになりより効率の良
い磁化が可能である。FIG. 5 shows different embodiments of the cylinder 7, and A shows the cylinder 7.
When the opening is made of a magnetic material, the part facing between the poles of the rotor magnet 3 is cut out 11 and the cylinder 7 of the magnetic material is shown. By avoiding leakage from the stator teeth through the magnetic cylinder to the stator teeth of adjacent poles, more efficient magnetization is possible.

またハの如く極間部分を合成樹脂、非磁性金属等の非磁
性体１２をもって形成すれば切欠を配置した場合と同じ
効果が得られると共に強度的には全周を磁性体で構成し
た場合と同じ効果が得られる。In addition, if the part between the poles is made of a non-magnetic material 12 such as synthetic resin or non-magnetic metal as shown in C, the same effect as arranging a notch can be obtained, and in terms of strength, it is better than if the entire circumference was made of magnetic material. You can get the same effect.

本発明は上述の如く、固定子と回転子磁石の間に介在す
る空隙に磁性体より形成した円筒を鉄挿し、前記固定子
に巻装した電機子巻線に磁化電流を通電して前記回転子
磁石を磁化したものであるから、固定子と回転子間の空
隙の円周方向に対する磁束分布を滑らかにし電動機の効
率が向上する。As described above, the present invention involves inserting a cylinder made of a magnetic material into the gap between the stator and the rotor magnet, and applying a magnetizing current to the armature winding wound around the stator to cause the rotation. Since the child magnet is magnetized, the magnetic flux distribution in the circumferential direction of the gap between the stator and rotor is smoothed, and the efficiency of the motor is improved.

また、組立作業性も改善され良好な電動機特性が得られ
る。Furthermore, assembly workability is improved and good motor characteristics can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明により電動機を磁化する場合の説明図、
第２図イ及び口は回転子と固定子間の空隙に磁性体の円
筒が無い場合と有る場合の磁化のための磁束分布図、第
３図イ及び口は第２図イ及び口に対応する回転子表面の
１極当りの磁束分布状態図、第４図は本発明により電動
圧縮機の磁化を行う場合の要部縦断面図、第５図イ，口
及びハは第４図において使用される磁性体の円筒の異な
る実施例を示す斜視図である。 １・・・・・・固定子、３…・・・固定子磁石、２・・
・・・・電機子巻線、７・・・・・・磁性体の円筒、８
・・・・・・電動機枠。 第１図第２図 第３図 第４図 第５図FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of magnetizing an electric motor according to the present invention;
Figure 2 A and the opening are magnetic flux distribution diagrams for magnetization with and without a magnetic cylinder in the gap between the rotor and stator, and Figure 3 A and the opening correspond to Figure 2 A and the opening. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main part when magnetizing an electric compressor according to the present invention, Fig. 5 A, A, and C are used in Fig. 4. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing different embodiments of the magnetic cylinder. 1... Stator, 3... Stator magnet, 2...
... Armature winding, 7 ... Magnetic cylinder, 8
・・・・・・Electric motor frame. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １ 固定子と回転子磁石の間に介在する空隙に磁性体に
より形成した円筒を嵌挿し、前記固定子に巻装した電磁
子巻線に磁化電流して前記回転子磁石を磁化し、磁化後
に前記円筒を除去することを特徴とする直流無整流子電
動機における回転子磁石の着磁方法。 ２ 前記円筒における回転子磁石の極間に対向する部分
を軸方向に切欠したことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項記載の直流無整流子電動機における回転子磁石の着
磁方法。 ３ 前記円筒における回転子磁石の極間に対向する部分
を非磁性体としたことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１
項記載の直流無整流子電動機における回転子磁石の着磁
方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylinder formed of a magnetic material is inserted into the gap between the stator and the rotor magnet, and a magnetizing current is applied to the electromagnetic winding wound around the stator to cause the rotor magnet to 1. A method of magnetizing a rotor magnet in a DC commutatorless motor, the method comprising: magnetizing a rotor magnet, and removing the cylinder after magnetization. 2. The method of magnetizing a rotor magnet in a DC non-commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the cylinder facing between the poles of the rotor magnet is notched in the axial direction. 3. Claim 1, characterized in that the portion of the cylinder that faces between the poles of the rotor magnet is made of a non-magnetic material.
A method of magnetizing a rotor magnet in a DC non-commutator motor as described in .