JPS60177853A - Spherical grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently realize a desirable grinding-finished surface by adding the finishing-work depth condition onto working conditions. CONSTITUTION:Several dimensions of a worked lens, data of radius of curvature to be obtained after finishing grinding, working amount data in finishing grinding shape data of diamond grindstones 8 and 9, etc. are input into an NC control unit 22, and the position of the diamond grindstone 9 in finishing grinding is calculation-treated, and the position of the grindstone 8 in rough grinding is calculation-treated, and in orer to obtain the equal finishing-work depth (c) over the all surface of a workpiece, the spherical radius of curvature (a) in rough grinding is set so as to be equal to the radius of curvature (b) after finishing grinding plus finishing-work portion (c) in case of convex surface, and so as to be equal to the radius of curvature (b) minus finishing-work portion in case of concaved surface. The workpiece is set into an autohand 18, and a series of grinding works are carried-out by a rotary index 20.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、光学レンズ、ミラー等の光学部品の球面研削
加工機に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a spherical grinding machine for optical parts such as optical lenses and mirrors.

従来例の構成とその問題 従来の球面研削加工機は第１図にその具体構成を示すよ
うに、コレットチャック１に保持され、回転スピンドル
２に取り付けられ低速で回されるレンズ３が、傾斜スラ
イド軸４により所定の傾斜角にて傾けられ、さらに平行
スライド軸６により所定位置に置かれる高速回転スピン
ドル６に取り付けられ高速回転するダイヤモンド砥石７
によって球面研削加工される。この場合、ガラス素材は
作業者が手でコレットチャック１へ持ち込むか、或はオ
ートローダ−にて持ち込み保持され、加工後の取り出し
についても同様である。Structure of conventional example and its problems In the conventional spherical grinding machine, as shown in FIG. A diamond grindstone 7 rotates at a high speed and is attached to a high-speed rotating spindle 6 which is tilted at a predetermined angle by a shaft 4 and placed in a predetermined position by a parallel slide shaft 6.
The spherical surface is ground by In this case, the glass material is brought into the collet chuck 1 by hand by an operator or brought in and held by an autoloader, and the same applies to removal after processing.

又、一般に使用されるダイヤモンド砥石はメタルボンド
の４ｆ１００〜＃４ｏＯ程度が使用され、Ｒｍａｘ２〜
６μの仕上げ面粗度となる。後工程に於ては、ダイヤモ
ンドメタルボンドペレット及びレジノイドボンドペレッ
トにてスムージングが行なわれ、さらにその後工程に於
て、ＣｅＯ２等の研摩材を用いてボリシングが行なわれ
るのである。In addition, the diamond whetstones commonly used are metal bond 4f100~#4oO, and Rmax2~
The finished surface roughness is 6μ. In the subsequent process, smoothing is performed using diamond metal bond pellets and resinoid bond pellets, and further, in the subsequent process, boring is performed using an abrasive material such as CeO2.

しかしながら上記のような装置では、コレノトチャック
１により保持されるレンズ３は、１つのダイヤモンド砥
石７でしか研削出来ず、さらにこれを仕上げ研削する場
合、砥石全交換するか、或は他の球面加工装置へレンズ
を移し替える必要があるがレンズをコレットチャックに
て再保持することは、レンズの保持姿勢を変化させ、仕
上げ研削の加工代を太きくしなければならない。したか
って効率良く粗研削加工及び仕上げ研削加工が出来な、
又、仕上げ研削時の加工深さは、前工程、即ち粗研削加
工に於て生じているマイクロクラ。However, in the above-mentioned device, the lens 3 held by the collector chuck 1 can only be ground with one diamond grindstone 7, and when finishing grinding it, the grindstone must be completely replaced or another spherical grindstone must be used. Although it is necessary to transfer the lens to the processing device, re-holding the lens with a collet chuck requires changing the holding posture of the lens and increasing the machining allowance for finish grinding. However, it is difficult to perform rough grinding and finish grinding efficiently.
In addition, the machining depth during finish grinding is determined by the microcracks generated in the previous process, that is, the rough grinding process.

り層を完全に除去するオーダーでなくてはならないが、
この加工深さをレンズの加工面全面に渡って均一にする
為には、仕上げ研削時の加工量を見込んで、粗加工にて
の球面形状を想定し、この形状全確保する為の条件設定
を行なう必要があり、経験にだよジ、これを実施する従
来の方法に於ては、時間を要す等の欠点を有していた。It must be in an order that completely removes the layer, but
In order to make this machining depth uniform over the entire surface of the lens, the amount of machining required during finish grinding is anticipated, a spherical shape is assumed during rough machining, and conditions are set to ensure this shape throughout. It is necessary to carry out this process, which requires experience, and conventional methods for carrying out this process have drawbacks such as being time-consuming.

発明の目的 本発明は、上記欠点を解消するものであり、良好な研削
加工仕上げ面を効率良く実現するものである。OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and efficiently realizes a good polished surface.

発明の構成 本発明の球面研削加工機は、被加工物を保持する保持具
と、これを取り付は回転させると共に軸方向に送り込む
ワーク軸と、前記被加工物を所定の球面形状に加工する
為、所定の角度に傾斜して配置される加工工具とを有し
、前記ワーク軸及び加工工具は、粗加工用、仕上げ加工
用を各々有しており、前記被加工物を保持した保持具が
、粗加工用ワーク軸及び仕上げ加工用ワーク軸へ移載さ
れ被加工物が加工される。又、粗加工用加工工具の位置
姿勢条件を後の仕上げ加工深さを被加工物の全面に渡っ
て均一とする為、粗加工曲率半径が凸面の場合仕上げ曲
率半径プラス仕上げ加工深さとなる様、又凹面の場合仕
上げ曲率半径−２イナス仕上げ加工深さとなる様、演算
処理を行ない自動設定するＮＣ制御部を備えており被加
工物全面の仕上げ加工量を均一にする条件設定が瞬時に
実現し、良好な研削加工仕上げ面が効率良く実現出来、
後工程が簡略化でき、精度管理上、或は低コスト化にき
わめて有利なものである。Composition of the Invention The spherical grinding machine of the present invention includes a holder that holds a workpiece, a work shaft that rotates the workpiece and feeds the workpiece in the axial direction, and processes the workpiece into a predetermined spherical shape. The workpiece shaft and the processing tool each have one for rough machining and one for finishing machining, and a holder that holds the workpiece. is transferred to the work shaft for rough machining and the work shaft for finishing machining, and the workpiece is machined. In addition, in order to make the finishing machining depth uniform over the entire surface of the workpiece, the position and posture conditions of the processing tool for rough machining are set so that when the rough machining radius of curvature is a convex surface, the finishing curvature radius plus the finishing machining depth is applied. In addition, in the case of a concave surface, it is equipped with an NC control unit that performs calculation processing and automatically sets the finish machining depth so that the finish curvature radius - 2 minus the finish machining depth.It instantly realizes the setting of conditions to make the finish machining amount uniform over the entire surface of the workpiece. A good grinding finish surface can be achieved efficiently.
Post-processing can be simplified, which is extremely advantageous in terms of quality control and cost reduction.

実施例の説明 以下本発明の一実施例について、図面を参照しながら説
明する。DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第２図は具体的実施例であり、球面研削加工機の斜視図
であり、第３図は被加工レンズの断面図である。図に於
て、８は粗加工用ダイヤモンド砥石でメタルボンドの＃
１００〜＃４００程度を用る。９は仕上げ加工用ダイヤ
モンド砥石でメタルボンドの＃６００〜”１５００程度
を用いる。１０゜１１は前記砥石のそれぞれ回転スピン
ドμであり、１２．１３はその駆動モーターである。１
４．１５は前記砥石を所定の位置に移動させるスライド
駆動ＤＣサーボモーターであり、さらに図示なき駆動Ｄ
Ｃサーボモーターにより、砥石先端位置を中心に所定の
傾斜角にて傾斜される。１６．１７は被加工レンズであ
り図示なきチャックユニットに保持され、６〜５０　ｒ
ｐｍ程度で回転し、なおかつ、砥石８，９に対しＤＣザ
ーボモーターにて送り込まれ、球面に研削される。１８
はレンズ素材１９をこの球面研削加工機へ取り込む為、
或は仕上げ研削終了後のレンズを取り出す為のオートハ
ンドである。２ｏはロータリーインデックスであり、被
加工レンズ１６，１７．１９が、チャックユニットに保
持されたまま、所定の位置にインデックスされる。２１
は本体ペースである。２２は８゜９のダイヤモンド砥石
を所定の位置に配置する１４゜１５のＤＣサーボモータ
ー、所定の傾斜を与えるＤＣサーボモーター、１６．１
７の被加工レンズを８，９のダイヤモンド砥石に対して
送り込むＤＣサーボモーター等、全６軸の条件設定の演
算処理を行なうとともに制御するＮＣ制御ユニットであ
る。FIG. 2 shows a specific example, and is a perspective view of a spherical surface grinding machine, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a lens to be processed. In the figure, 8 is a diamond grinding wheel for rough machining and # of metal bond.
Use approximately #100 to #400. Reference numeral 9 is a diamond grindstone for finishing, and metal bond size #600 to #1500 is used. Reference numerals 10 and 11 are the rotation spindle μ of each of the grindstones, and 12 and 13 are the drive motors thereof.
4.15 is a slide drive DC servo motor that moves the grindstone to a predetermined position, and a drive D (not shown)
The C servo motor tilts the grindstone at a predetermined angle around the tip of the grindstone. 16.17 is a lens to be processed, which is held by a chuck unit (not shown), and is held at 6 to 50 r.
It rotates at a speed of about pm, and is sent to the grinding wheels 8 and 9 by a DC servo motor to be ground into a spherical surface. 18
In order to take the lens material 19 into this spherical grinding machine,
Alternatively, it is an automatic hand for taking out the lens after finishing grinding. 2o is a rotary index, and the lenses 16, 17, and 19 to be processed are indexed at a predetermined position while being held by the chuck unit. 21
is the main page. 22 is a 14°15 DC servo motor that places an 8°9 diamond grindstone in a predetermined position, a DC servo motor that provides a predetermined inclination, 16.1
This is an NC control unit that performs arithmetic processing and controls condition settings for all six axes, including a DC servo motor that feeds the lens to be processed No. 7 to the diamond grindstones No. 8 and 9.

以上のように構成された球面研削加工機に於て以下その
動作を説明する。The operation of the spherical surface grinding machine constructed as described above will be explained below.

まず、２２のＮ’Ｃ制御ユニットヲ操作し、被加工レン
ズの諸元、仕上げ研削にて得たい曲率データー、仕上げ
研削にての加工量データー及び、８゜９のダイヤモンド
砥石の形状データ等を入力し。First, operate the N'C control unit No. 22 and input the specifications of the lens to be machined, the curvature data you want to obtain in finish grinding, the processing amount data in finish grinding, the shape data of the 8°9 diamond grindstone, etc. death.

仕上げ研削時のダイヤモンド砥石９の位置を演算処理す
ると共に、粗研削時のダイヤモンド砥石８の位置を演算
処理する。この時仕上げ加工深さＣを被加工物の全面に
渡って等しくする為、粗研削にて加工される球面曲率半
径ａｉｄ、凸面の場合仕上げ研削にて得る曲率半径ｂプ
ラス、仕上げ加工代Ｃとなる様に、又、凹面の場合、マ
イナス仕上げ加工代となる様、条件を加える。この演算
データに基づきＮＣ制御により、ダイヤモンド砥石８゜
９は所定の位置に配置される。その後、１８のオートハ
ンドにより、被加工レンズか持ち込まれ、これを保持し
たチャックユニットが、２０のロータリーインデックス
により、粗研削位置に送り込まれる。粗研削が終了した
後、さらに、仕上げ研削位置に送り込まれ、仕上げ研削
を行なう、その後レンズはさらにインデックスし、元の
位置に戻り、１８のオートハンドで球面研削加工機から
取り出される。以上のような１連の動作を同一のタクト
タイムで連続で行なう。The position of the diamond grindstone 9 during finish grinding is calculated, and the position of the diamond grindstone 8 during rough grinding is calculated. At this time, in order to make the finishing depth C equal over the entire surface of the workpiece, the radius of curvature aid of the spherical surface processed by rough grinding, the radius of curvature b plus the radius of curvature obtained by finishing grinding in the case of a convex surface, and the finishing allowance C. In addition, in the case of a concave surface, conditions are added so that there is a negative finishing machining allowance. Based on this calculation data, the diamond grindstone 8.9 is placed at a predetermined position by NC control. Thereafter, the lens to be processed is brought in by the automatic hand 18, and the chuck unit holding it is sent to the rough grinding position by the rotary index 20. After the rough grinding is completed, the lens is further sent to the finish grinding position to perform the finish grinding, after which the lens is further indexed, returns to its original position, and is taken out from the spherical grinding machine by the 18 automatic hand. A series of operations as described above are performed continuously at the same takt time.

以上のように本実施例によれば、タクトタイム２０〜３
０ｓｅｃ程度で、仕上げ研削加工でＲｍａ　ｘｏ　、０
５μｍ　程度が、最小の加工量で容易に得られ、又、そ
の初期条件設定が短時間で実現出来る。As described above, according to this embodiment, the takt time is 20 to 3
Rmaxo, 0 during finish grinding in about 0 sec.
A thickness of about 5 μm can be easily obtained with a minimum amount of processing, and the initial conditions can be set in a short time.

発明の効果 このように本発明の球面研削加工機は、ワーク軸及び加
工工具を粗加工用、仕上げ加工用として各々有している
事、所望の球面形状に加工する為の加工工具の位置及び
姿勢等の条件設定に仕上げ加工深さｃｌ被加工物の全面
に渡って均一とする条件を付加し、これを演算処理しさ
らにこのデーターに基づいてＮＣ制御する機能を有して
いる事から、仕上げ研削に於て被加工レンズ全面を均一
な研削量で加工出来良好な研削仕上面が、効率良く短時
間で実現し、後工程のスムージング、ボリシ／グが簡略
化出来、来又、自動化も可能であり。Effects of the Invention As described above, the spherical grinding machine of the present invention has a work shaft and a processing tool for rough processing and finishing processing, and the position and position of the processing tool for processing into a desired spherical shape. It has the ability to add the condition that the finish machining depth CL is uniform over the entire surface of the workpiece to the condition settings such as posture, process this, and perform NC control based on this data. During finish grinding, the entire surface of the lens to be processed can be processed with a uniform amount of grinding, and a good ground surface can be achieved efficiently and in a short time. Post-process smoothing and polishing can be simplified, and in the future, automation is also possible. It's possible.

品質維持、低コスト化が容易となる。It becomes easier to maintain quality and reduce costs.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は従来の球面研削加工機の具体構成を示す平面図
、第２図は本発明の一実施例に於ける球面研削加工機を
示す斜視図、第３図は被加工レンズの断面図である。 ７．８．９・・・・・・ダイヤモンド砥石、３，１６゜
１７・・・・・・被加工物（レンズ）、１８・・・・・
オートハ＝ｙ　）”、　２　ｏ−ロータリーインデック
ス、６，１０゜１１・・・・・砥石回転スピンドル、２
２・・・・・・ＮＣ制御ユニット。 代理人の氏名　弁理士　中　尾　敏　男　ほか１名第　
２　図 ｆ５３図Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the specific configuration of a conventional spherical grinding machine, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a spherical grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a lens to be processed. It is. 7.8.9...Diamond grindstone, 3,16°17...Workpiece (lens), 18...
Auto = y)", 2 o-rotary index, 6,10°11... Grinding wheel rotation spindle, 2
2...NC control unit. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person
2 Figure f53

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 被加工物を保持する保持具と、これを取り付は回転させ
ると共に軸方向に送り込むワーク軸と、前記被加工物を
所定の球面形状に加工する為、所定の角度に傾斜して配
置される加工工具とを有し、前記ワーク軸及び、加工工
具は、粗加工用、仕上げ加工用を各々有しており、この
粗加工用加工工具の位置姿勢条件を後の仕上げ加工深さ
を被加工物の全面に渡って均一とする為粗加工曲率半径
が凸面の場合、仕上げ曲率半径プラス仕上げ加工深さと
し、又凹面の場合仕上げ曲率半径マイナス仕゛上げ加工
深さとする演算処理を行なうＮＣ制御部を備えた球面研
削加工機。A holder that holds a workpiece, a workpiece shaft that rotates the workpiece and feeds it in the axial direction, and is arranged inclined at a predetermined angle in order to process the workpiece into a predetermined spherical shape. The work shaft and the machining tool have one for rough machining and one for finishing machining, respectively, and the position and orientation conditions of the machining tool for rough machining are adjusted to the depth of the subsequent finishing machining. In order to make the curvature uniform over the entire surface of the object, if the rough machining radius is a convex surface, it will be the finishing curvature radius plus the finishing machining depth, and if it is a concave surface, it will be the finishing curvature radius minus the finishing machining depth. A spherical grinding machine equipped with