JPS6016476A - Silicon carbide series thermoelectric element - Google Patents

Silicon carbide series thermoelectric element

Info

Publication number
JPS6016476A
JPS6016476A JP58123461A JP12346183A JPS6016476A JP S6016476 A JPS6016476 A JP S6016476A JP 58123461 A JP58123461 A JP 58123461A JP 12346183 A JP12346183 A JP 12346183A JP S6016476 A JPS6016476 A JP S6016476A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
terminal
silicon carbide
gas
silicide
thermoelectric element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP58123461A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tetsuo Kato
加藤　哲郎
Kimitoshi Satou
仁俊 佐藤
Nobumichi Onishi
大西　宣道
Masayoshi Takahashi
高橋　正吉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TOKAI KOUNETSU KOGYO KK
Original Assignee
TOKAI KOUNETSU KOGYO KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TOKAI KOUNETSU KOGYO KK filed Critical TOKAI KOUNETSU KOGYO KK
Priority to JP58123461A priority Critical patent/JPS6016476A/en
Publication of JPS6016476A publication Critical patent/JPS6016476A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
    • G05D23/22—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element being a thermocouple
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1906—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device
    • G05D23/1909—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device whose output amplitude can only take two discrete values

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the use under long time stability by the provision of both functions of gas ignition and gas sensor with the same element by a method wherein one terminal of a thermocouple is composed of silicon carbide, and the other terminal of one or more of metallic Si, Mo silicide, Fe silicide, etc. CONSTITUTION:A heat generating part 11, being or coil-formed Si carbide, consists of a diameter 0.6mm., coil diameter 3.4mm., pitch 1.9mm., winding numbers 14, and wire length 160mm.. The end 12, being of bar-formed Si carbide, uses a diameter 2mm. and a length 50mm.. The Fe carbide terminal 2 is impregnated with Fe silicide in a bar of insulating inorganic oxide, and the junction 3 joins the heat generating part 11 of the terminal 1 with the terminal 2. When the city gas is ignited by the application of a load of a commercial voltage 100V on this thermoelectric element 4, it ignites in 3-4sec after voltage impressing. A 100V power source is turned off by a switch 7, and the terminal of the thermoelectric element is connected to a gas cut-off device 6. This cut-off device 6 opens a gas valve by a thermal electromotive force during high temperature retention, and closes the valve by the decrease of thermal electromotive force at the time of accidental fire and fire extinction.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、耐酸化性、高起電力を有する高温用熱電対に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a high temperature thermocouple having oxidation resistance and high electromotive force.

従来より、温度の測定及び制御には、二つの異った材質
間に生じる熱起電力を利用した熱電対を用いる方法が、
広く行なわれている。上記熱電対の材質の組合せは、大
別して金属−金属系、金属−非金属系、非金属−非金属
系の三種からなる。Traditionally, temperature has been measured and controlled using thermocouples that utilize thermoelectromotive force generated between two different materials.
It is widely practiced. The combinations of materials for the thermocouple can be roughly divided into three types: metal-metal, metal-nonmetal, and nonmetal-nonmetal.

即ち、上記三種材質の代表的なものとして、金属−金属
系ではアルメル−クロメル、白金−白金ロジウム、金属
−非金属系ではタングステン−炭化珪素、タングステン
−黒鉛、非金属−非金属系では炭化珪素−黒鉛等があげ
られる。That is, typical examples of the three types of materials mentioned above are alumel-chromel, platinum-platinum rhodium for metal-metal systems, tungsten-silicon carbide, tungsten-graphite for metal-nonmetal systems, and silicon carbide for non-metal-nonmetal systems. - Examples include graphite.

熱電対は、精度及び感度上また検出器による装置の制御
上、熱起電力が大きい程より効果的であることはいうま
でもないが、実用上かなりの高温に接触するので耐酸化
性も必須条件とされる。従って従来より高起電力に加え
、耐酸化性を有する熱電対が各面から強（要望されてい
た。It goes without saying that the larger the thermoelectromotive force, the more effective thermocouples are in terms of accuracy and sensitivity, as well as in terms of controlling the device using the detector.However, since thermocouples come into contact with considerably high temperatures in practical use, oxidation resistance is also essential. It is considered a condition. Therefore, in addition to high electromotive force, thermocouples with oxidation resistance have been desired from various viewpoints.

本発明の目的は、前述の各面からの要望に答えた熱電対
、即ち耐酸化性で高熱起電力の熱電対を提供することで
ある。加えて、該熱電対に発熱機能をもたせることによ
り、ヒータまたは点火器としての機能を具備するもので
ある。An object of the present invention is to provide a thermocouple that meets the above-mentioned demands, that is, a thermocouple that is oxidation resistant and has a high thermoelectromotive force. In addition, by providing the thermocouple with a heat generating function, it can function as a heater or an igniter.

即ち本発明は、熱電対の一方の端子に炭化珪素を用い、
他端子が金属珪素、珪化モリブデン、珪化鉄、珪化クロ
ム、珪化コバルト、珪化マンガン等の内いずれか一つま
たは一つ以上の材質からなることを特徴とし、更に加え
該熱電対の一端子に用いた炭化珪素の特性を活かして、
該炭化珪素端子を発熱させることにより、ヒータまたは
点火器とする機能と熱電対としての機能の両機能を備え
た熱電素子である。That is, the present invention uses silicon carbide for one terminal of the thermocouple,
The other terminal is characterized by being made of one or more of metal silicon, molybdenum silicide, iron silicide, chromium silicide, cobalt silicide, manganese silicide, etc.; Taking advantage of the characteristics of silicon carbide,
By generating heat from the silicon carbide terminal, this thermoelectric element functions as both a heater or igniter and a thermocouple.

即ち、本発明の熱電対は前記三種の分類によれば、金属
−非金属系に属することになるが、炭化珪素と金属珪素
または金属珪化物の組合せからなる熱電対は、これまで
未知のものである。That is, according to the above three classifications, the thermocouple of the present invention belongs to the metal-nonmetal system, but the thermocouple made of a combination of silicon carbide and metal silicon or metal silicide is a previously unknown type. It is.

本発明による熱電素子の第一の長所は、現在広く実用さ
れている金属−金属系の熱電対に比べ、約１０倍もの高
起電力を有することである。即ち、（表−１）は各端子
材質組合せ別の温度に対する起電力を示すが、例えば１
０００℃の起電力において、炭化珪素−金属珪素の値は
４４５　ｍＶであるのに対し、汎用のアルメル−クロメ
ルは４１ｍＶで約１／１０である。The first advantage of the thermoelectric element according to the present invention is that it has an electromotive force about 10 times higher than that of metal-to-metal thermocouples that are currently widely used. That is, (Table 1) shows the electromotive force with respect to temperature for each terminal material combination.
In terms of electromotive force at 000° C., the value of silicon carbide-metallic silicon is 445 mV, whereas the value of general-purpose alumel-chromel is 41 mV, which is about 1/10.

（表−１） 次に、本発明による熱電素子の第二の長所は、前述のよ
うに高起電力に加え、空気中及び酸化雰囲気中での使用
に耐える事である。従来、高起電力を有する熱電対は金
属−非金属系または非金属−非金属系に属し、該端子材
質としては黒鉛やタングステンが使用されているが、該
材料は高温では極めて酸化されやすい。従って、金属−
非金属系及び非金属−非金属系の熱電対は、酸化雰囲気
中での使用は不可能で、アルゴンガス等の保護ガスを必
要とするが、本発明にょる熱電素子は、炭化珪素と金属
珪素または金属珪化物で、黒鉛、タングステンに比べ極
めて耐酸化性に優れていることから、高起電力を有しか
つ酸化雰囲気中での長時間安定使用が可能である。(Table 1) Next, the second advantage of the thermoelectric element according to the present invention is that, in addition to the high electromotive force as described above, it can withstand use in air and in an oxidizing atmosphere. Conventionally, thermocouples with high electromotive force belong to the metal-nonmetal type or nonmetal-nonmetal type, and graphite or tungsten is used as the terminal material, but these materials are extremely easily oxidized at high temperatures. Therefore, metal-
Nonmetallic and nonmetal-nonmetallic thermocouples cannot be used in an oxidizing atmosphere and require a protective gas such as argon gas, but the thermoelectric element according to the present invention combines silicon carbide and metal. Silicon or metal silicide, which has extremely superior oxidation resistance compared to graphite and tungsten, has a high electromotive force and can be used stably for a long time in an oxidizing atmosphere.

更に本発明の特徴は、従来の熱電対の機能に加え、該熱
電対の炭化珪素端子部を発熱体として兼用可能なことで
あえ。即ち、炭化珪素は従来より発熱体として広く利用
されているが、本発明は炭化珪素が有している上記特性
を十分に利用しようとするものである。A further feature of the present invention is that in addition to the functions of conventional thermocouples, the silicon carbide terminal portion of the thermocouple can also be used as a heating element. That is, although silicon carbide has conventionally been widely used as a heating element, the present invention attempts to fully utilize the above-mentioned properties of silicon carbide.

例えば、点火器としては都市ガス、プロパンガス、灯油
等の着火源とすることにある。従来の炭化珪素質点火器
では、単に着火源としての機能のみであったのに対し、
本発明は炭化珪素端子が赤熱することにより、例えばガ
スを着火させ、その後引続き熱電対の機能を活して、ガ
ス炎を監視する、センサー的用法も可能である。For example, the igniter can be used as an ignition source for city gas, propane gas, kerosene, etc. Whereas conventional silicon carbide igniters only functioned as an ignition source,
The present invention can also be used as a sensor in which, for example, gas is ignited by the silicon carbide terminal becoming red hot, and then the gas flame is monitored using the function of a thermocouple.

他方ヒータとしては、炭化珪素端子の発熱により、炉室
内や局所部の加熱源として用いられ、前記点火器の場合
と同様に、温度測定及び制御は熱電対としての機能によ
るものである。上記のように、本発明は従来までみられ
なかった発熱機能とセンサー機能を具備する極めて画期
的な熱電素子である。On the other hand, the heater is used as a heating source for the inside of the furnace chamber and localized areas by the heat generated by the silicon carbide terminal, and as in the case of the igniter, temperature measurement and control are performed by the function of a thermocouple. As described above, the present invention is an extremely innovative thermoelectric element that has a heat generation function and a sensor function that have not been seen before.

以下、本発明を図面により説明する。第１図は本発明の
一実施例であるが、炭化珪素からなる端子（１）と金属
珪素または金属珪化物からなる端子（２）が接合部（３
）で接している。即ち、接合部（３）は熱電対の接点と
なる。上記炭化珪素端子（１）に電力を負荷することに
より該端子（１）を構成する光熱部（ｉｆ）が赤熱する
。その後ガスが点火または炉室内が加熱され、接合部（
３）により熱起電力を発生ずる事になる。前述のように
本発明による熱電素子は高起電力を有し、かつ空気中高
温下で使用可能な熱電対として全く新しい型の熱電対で
ある。更に該熱電索子はこれまでヒータと熱電対を個々
の素子を使用していたものが同一の素子で、加熱、着火
ならびに測温制御等の両機能用として使用することが可
能になった。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a terminal (1) made of silicon carbide and a terminal (2) made of metal silicon or metal silicide are connected to a joint (3).
). That is, the junction (3) becomes a contact point of the thermocouple. By applying electric power to the silicon carbide terminal (1), the light heating section (if) constituting the terminal (1) becomes red hot. The gas is then ignited or heated inside the furnace chamber, causing the joint (
3) generates thermoelectromotive force. As mentioned above, the thermoelectric element according to the present invention is a completely new type of thermocouple that has a high electromotive force and can be used in air at high temperatures. Furthermore, the thermoelectric cord, which previously used separate elements for the heater and thermocouple, can now be used with the same element for both functions such as heating, ignition, and temperature measurement control.

以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。Examples of the present invention will be described below.

（実施例） 前述の第１図により、炭化珪素と珪化鉄の組合せについ
て説明する。(Example) A combination of silicon carbide and iron silicide will be described with reference to FIG. 1 described above.

炭化珪素端子（１）は一般的な炭化珪素発熱体と同様に
発熱部（１１）と端部（功からなる。該発熱部（旬は特
開昭５４−１０１５２５により、即ち有機珪素高分子化
合物とその仮焼物を原料とし成形後高温にて焼結させた
ものである。また該発熱部（１υは、コイル状炭化珪素
質で直径ｆｊ　０．６　ｔａｎ、コイル径０３゜４　ｖ
ａ　、ピッチ１．９ｍｍ、巻数１４、線長１６０瓢、の
ものであり、該端部（功は棒状炭化珪素質で直径０２ｗ
＋ｍ、長さ５０ｆｆｉ＋＋＋のもノヲ用イタ。The silicon carbide terminal (1) is composed of a heat generating part (11) and an end part (the end part) like a general silicon carbide heating element. The heat-generating part (1υ is a coiled silicon carbide material with a diameter of fj 0.6 tan and a coil diameter of 03°4 v
a, the pitch is 1.9 mm, the number of turns is 14, the wire length is 160 mm, and the end part is made of rod-shaped silicon carbide with a diameter of 0.2 mm
+m, length 50ffi+++ for monowo.

珪化鉄端子部（２）は、絶縁性無機酸化物の棒に珪化鉄
を含浸させたものである。珪化鉄端子部（２）の基体は
上記のような酸化物に限らず、窒化珪素や炭化珪素を用
いても差しつかえない。The iron silicide terminal portion (2) is made by impregnating an insulating inorganic oxide rod with iron silicide. The base material of the iron silicide terminal portion (2) is not limited to the above-mentioned oxides, but silicon nitride or silicon carbide may also be used.

接合部（３）は、炭化珪素端子部（１）の発熱部（１１
）と珪化鉄端子部（２）と接合したものである。即ち、
該接合部（３）は、熱電対の接点として作用する。該接
合部（３）は特開昭５５−１６３７０２の方法、即ち金
属珪化物または金属粉末と金属珪素を主原料とした糊状
混合物を用い、加熱溶着する方法により接着されている
。The joint part (3) is a heat generating part (11) of the silicon carbide terminal part (1).
) and the iron silicide terminal part (2) are joined. That is,
The junction (3) acts as a thermocouple contact. The joint portion (3) is bonded by the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-163702, that is, by heat welding using a glue-like mixture whose main raw materials are metal silicide or metal powder and metal silicon.

該熱電素子の起電力は前述の（表−１）に記載のように
１０００℃で３７３ｍＶであった。また、点火し−タと
しての特性は下記の通りである。即ち、電圧９６．９　
Ｖ、電流１．１１Ａ、抵抗８７．７Ω、電力１０７．６
Ｗ（７）時、表面温度は１３５０℃で商用電圧１００Ｖ
を負荷した時約３秒後にヒータの表面温度が１３００℃
に達した。The electromotive force of the thermoelectric element was 373 mV at 1000°C as shown in Table 1 above. Further, the characteristics as an igniter are as follows. That is, the voltage is 96.9
V, current 1.11A, resistance 87.7Ω, power 107.6
At W(7), the surface temperature is 1350℃ and the commercial voltage is 100V.
The surface temperature of the heater reaches 1300℃ approximately 3 seconds after being loaded.
reached.

次に上記熱電素子を、ガス安全装置に適用ずべ（第２図
の系統図に組み込んだ。即ち、ガスの着火、ガス炎の検
出及び消炎時のガスの遮断に該熱電素子を用いて作動さ
せた。第２図において、熱電素子（４）に商用電圧１０
０Ｖの負荷をがけ、都市ガスを着火させた。電圧負荷後
３〜４秒で着火したのち、通常の切換スイッチ（７）に
より１００Ｖ電源を切り、熱電素子の端子をガス遮断器
（６）に接続させた。該ガス遮断器（６）は、家庭用風
呂釜等で一般に用いられている種火安全用ガス遮断器で
ある。Next, the above thermoelectric element was applied to a gas safety device (incorporated into the system diagram in Figure 2. That is, the thermoelectric element was used to ignite gas, detect a gas flame, and cut off gas when extinguishing a gas. In Figure 2, the thermoelectric element (4) was supplied with a commercial voltage of 10
A 0V load was applied and city gas was ignited. After ignition occurred 3 to 4 seconds after the voltage load, the 100V power was turned off using a normal changeover switch (7), and the terminal of the thermoelectric element was connected to a gas circuit breaker (6). The gas circuit breaker (6) is a pilot fire safety gas circuit breaker commonly used in household bathtubs and the like.

ガスはバーナー（５）に定常的に送られており、熱電素
子はバーナーの火炎により十分高温に保持される。従っ
て高温保持中の熱起電力により、ガス遮断器（６）のガ
スバルブを開放させるが、失火、消火時には、熱起電力
の減少により自動的に上記バルブは閉止し、ガスが遮断
されて安全が確保された。Gas is constantly sent to the burner (5), and the thermoelectric element is kept at a sufficiently high temperature by the flame of the burner. Therefore, the gas valve of the gas circuit breaker (6) is opened by the thermoelectromotive force while the high temperature is maintained, but in the event of a misfire or extinguishment, the above valve will automatically close due to the decrease in the thermoelectromotive force, and the gas will be cut off to ensure safety. secured.

次に、上記熱電素子の寿命は、７００℃のガス炎中で、
１０００時間経過した後の起電力の変化は２％以内また
点火ヒータとしての抵抗増加は５％以内で良好であった
。Next, the lifespan of the thermoelectric element is as follows:
After 1000 hours had elapsed, the change in electromotive force was within 2%, and the increase in resistance as an ignition heater was within 5%, which was good.

以上のように本発明の熱電素子は同一素子でガス着火及
び温度センサーの両機能を具備し、レンジ、風呂釜等家
電製品の安全装置に適用される。As described above, the thermoelectric element of the present invention has the functions of both gas ignition and temperature sensor in the same element, and is applied to safety devices for home appliances such as ranges and bathtubs.

即ち、本発明によりこれまで高起電力を発生する熱電対
は酸化され易く、空気中での使用は不可能であったが、
長期安定使用が可能となり、更に熱電対とヒータの両機
能を有することにより、用途に応じた使用が可能となり
その応用分野は広く、産業上極めて有効である。That is, according to the present invention, conventional thermocouples that generate high electromotive force are easily oxidized and cannot be used in air;
It can be used stably for a long period of time, and since it has both the functions of a thermocouple and a heater, it can be used according to the purpose, and its application fields are wide and it is extremely effective industrially.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面は本発明に係る具倖例を示すもので、第１図は熱電
素子の正面図であり、第２図は一実施例の系統図である
。 （１）・・・・・・炭化珪素端子部 （旬・・・・・・発熱部 叫・・・・・・端部 （２）・・・・・・珪化鉄端子部 （３）・・・・・・接合部 （４）・・・・・・本発明の熱電素子 （５）・・・・・・　バ　−　ブー　−（６）・・・・
・・ガス遮断器 特許出願人　東海高熱工業株式会社The drawings show specific examples according to the present invention; FIG. 1 is a front view of a thermoelectric element, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram of one embodiment. (1)...Silicon carbide terminal part (season...Heating part...end part (2)...Iron silicide terminal part (3)... ...Joint part (4) ...Thermoelectric element of the present invention (5) ...Ba-boo-(6)...
...Gas circuit breaker patent applicant Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）、温度測定、制御用の熱電対で、該熱電対の一端
子が炭化珪素からなり、他の端子が金属珪素、珪化モリ
ブデン、珪化鉄、珪化クロム、珪化コバルト、珪化マン
ガン等の内、いずれか一つ、または一つ以上の材質から
なることを特徴とする炭化珪素系熱電素子。(1) A thermocouple for temperature measurement and control, in which one terminal of the thermocouple is made of silicon carbide, and the other terminal is made of metal silicon, molybdenum silicide, iron silicide, chromium silicide, cobalt silicide, manganese silicide, etc. A silicon carbide thermoelectric element characterized by being made of one or more materials. （２）、該炭化珪素端子が発熱機能をもつことにより、
ヒータまたは点火器と熱電対の兼用型である特許請求範
囲第（１）項記載の炭化珪素系熱電素子。(2) Since the silicon carbide terminal has a heat generating function,
The silicon carbide-based thermoelectric element according to claim (1), which is a type that serves as both a heater or an igniter and a thermocouple.
JP58123461A 1983-07-08 1983-07-08 Silicon carbide series thermoelectric element Pending JPS6016476A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58123461A JPS6016476A (en) 1983-07-08 1983-07-08 Silicon carbide series thermoelectric element

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58123461A JPS6016476A (en) 1983-07-08 1983-07-08 Silicon carbide series thermoelectric element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6016476A true JPS6016476A (en) 1985-01-28

Family

ID=14861201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP58123461A Pending JPS6016476A (en) 1983-07-08 1983-07-08 Silicon carbide series thermoelectric element

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6016476A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100506023B1 (en) * 1997-03-14 2005-10-28 학꼬 가부시키가이샤 Heater-sensor complex
JP2008520517A (en) * 2004-11-16 2008-06-19 オーチス エレベータ カンパニー Installation of guide rails in elevator systems

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50158380A (en) * 1974-06-01 1975-12-22

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50158380A (en) * 1974-06-01 1975-12-22

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100506023B1 (en) * 1997-03-14 2005-10-28 학꼬 가부시키가이샤 Heater-sensor complex
JP2008520517A (en) * 2004-11-16 2008-06-19 オーチス エレベータ カンパニー Installation of guide rails in elevator systems

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