JPS6014149Y2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案は熱交換器、詳しくは、内管と外管とから成る二
重管により形成する熱交換器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly, to a heat exchanger formed by a double tube consisting of an inner tube and an outer tube.

一般に、二重管により熱交換器を形成する場合、一本の
長尺な二重管を用い、コイル状に成形して形成している
。Generally, when forming a heat exchanger using a double pipe, a single long double pipe is used and formed into a coil shape.

所がコイル状であるため、外形寸法を薄形にできないば
かりか、直線状のものにくらべて流体の流通抵抗が増大
し、損失が大きくなると共に、内管と外管とが全体に不
規則な配置となり、かつ互いに接触する箇所が多くなっ
て熱交換効率が低下することとなる問題があった。Because the tube is coiled, it is not possible to make the external dimensions thinner, and the flow resistance of the fluid is higher than that of a straight tube, which increases loss, and the inner and outer tubes are irregular as a whole. This poses a problem in that the heat exchange efficiency decreases due to the large number of locations that come into contact with each other.

しかして、本考案は以上の問題を解決すべく考案したも
ので、目的とする処は、内管と外管との配置を規則正し
くでき、かつ、流体の流通抵抗を小さくでき、損失を少
なく熱交換効率を向上できると共に、外形形状をコンパ
クトな平板状にでき、冷凍機などの適用機器を薄形にで
きる熱交換器を提供する点にある。The present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to enable regular arrangement of the inner tube and outer tube, reduce fluid flow resistance, and reduce heat loss. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger that can improve exchange efficiency, have a compact flat plate-like external shape, and make applicable equipment such as refrigerators thinner.

即ち、本考案は、内管と外管とから威る複数本の二重管
をそれぞれＵ字状に形成して、これら各二重管における
直管部の長さを同じ長さに威すと共に、曲管部を曲率半
径の異なる同心円の円弧状とし、前記曲管部における曲
率半径の小さい二重管を内側に、また曲率半径の大きい
二重管を外側にして、同一平面内に配置し、前記各二重
管における各内管の一方の開口端部を第１人口ヘッダー
に、他方の開口端部を第１出ロヘツグーにそれぞれ連結
する一方、前記各外管の一方の開口端部を第２人口ヘッ
ダーに、他方の開口端部を第２出ロヘツグーにそれぞれ
連結したことを特徴とするものである。That is, the present invention forms a plurality of double pipes each consisting of an inner pipe and an outer pipe in a U-shape, and makes the length of the straight pipe part of each of these double pipes the same length. At the same time, the curved pipe portions are arranged in the shape of concentric circular arcs with different radii of curvature, and the double pipes with a small radius of curvature in the curved pipe portion are on the inside, and the double pipes with a large radius of curvature are on the outside, and are arranged in the same plane. and one open end of each inner tube in each of the double tubes is connected to the first artificial header, and the other open end is connected to the first output header, while one open end of each of the outer tubes is connected to the first output header. is connected to the second population header, and the other open end is connected to the second output header.

以下、本考案熱交換器の実施例を図面に基づいて説明す
る。Hereinafter, embodiments of the heat exchanger of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

第１，２図に示したものは、本考案熱交換器をコンテナ
冷凍装置に組込んだ状態を示すもので、第１，２図にお
いて、１は冷凍装置の本体ケーシングで、コンテナ２の
前面側から挿入して取付けられており、ケーシング１の
下部には機械室３、また上部には背面に吸込口４ａをも
った冷却室４が形成されている。Figures 1 and 2 show the heat exchanger of the present invention installed in a container refrigeration system. The casing 1 is installed by being inserted from the side, and a machine chamber 3 is formed in the lower part of the casing 1, and a cooling chamber 4 having a suction port 4a on the back side is formed in the upper part.

そして、前記冷却室４の吸込口４ａには、前記コンテナ
２の内室５が連通し、吸込口４ａから下向きに冷却室４
、ケーシング１の両側方を経て底部からコンテナ２の内
室５に戻る空気循環路を猛威している。The inner chamber 5 of the container 2 communicates with the suction port 4a of the cooling chamber 4, and the cooling chamber 4 is connected downward from the suction port 4a.
, which runs through the air circulation path from the bottom of the casing 1 back to the interior 5 of the container 2 through both sides of the casing 1 .

また、該循環路における冷却室４の上部には、空冷蒸発
器６が設けられ、また、下部両側に２つのファンＦ□、
Ｆ□が設けられている。Further, an air-cooled evaporator 6 is provided at the upper part of the cooling chamber 4 in the circulation path, and two fans F□,
F□ is provided.

また、前記機械室３には、前面上部と下部とにコンテナ
２の外方の空気との連通口３ａ＊３ｂを備え、連通孔３
ａの内側に空冷凝縮器７が設けられ、また、該空冷凝縮
器７の下位に３つのファンＦ２．Ｆ２．Ｆ２が設けられ
ると共に、該ファンＦ２゜Ｆ２．Ｆ２の下位に凝縮作用
を威す水冷熱交換器８を設けるのである。Further, the machine room 3 is provided with communication ports 3a*3b with the air outside the container 2 at the upper and lower front surfaces, and the communication holes 3
An air-cooled condenser 7 is provided inside the air-cooled condenser 7, and three fans F2. F2. F2 is provided, and the fan F2°F2. A water-cooled heat exchanger 8 that exerts a condensing effect is provided below F2.

そして、機械室３の下位に、圧縮機９、アキュムレータ
１０などを設けて、圧縮機９の吐出ガスを空冷凝縮器７
及び水冷熱交換器８において凝縮させると共に、空冷蒸
発器６において蒸発して、冷却室４を循環するコンテナ
２の内室５の空気を冷却し、圧縮機９に戻る冷凍サイク
ルを猛威すべくしている。A compressor 9, an accumulator 10, etc. are provided below the machine room 3, and the gas discharged from the compressor 9 is transferred to the air-cooled condenser 7.
The air is condensed in the water-cooled heat exchanger 8 and evaporated in the air-cooled evaporator 6 to cool the air in the inner chamber 5 of the container 2 circulating in the cooling chamber 4 and return to the compressor 9 in order to run the refrigeration cycle. There is.

しかして、本考案熱交換器は、前記水冷熱交換器８に適
用するものであって、第３，４図に示すごとく、冷却水
を流す内管１１と冷媒を流す外管１２とから成る３本の
二重管１３，１４．１５をそれぞれＵ字状に猛威して構
成するのである。Therefore, the heat exchanger of the present invention is applied to the water-cooled heat exchanger 8, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, it consists of an inner pipe 11 through which cooling water flows and an outer pipe 12 through which a refrigerant flows. Three double pipes 13, 14, and 15 are arranged in a U-shape.

更に詳記すると、前記二重管１３，１４．１５における
各直管部の長さを同じ長さ例えば９００ｍ／ｍに威すと
共に、各曲管部を、曲率半径の異なる例えば１１０ｍ／
ｍ、 １３７ｍ／ｍ、 １６４ｍ／ｍの同心円の円弧状
とし、前記曲管部における曲率半径の最も小さい二重管
１３を内側に、また、該二重管１３の外側に、曲率半径
の２番目に小さい二重管１４を、さらに、該二重管１４
の外側に、曲率半径の最も大きい二重管１５を、同一平
面内に配置するのである。More specifically, the lengths of the straight pipe parts in the double pipes 13, 14, 15 are the same length, for example, 900 m/m, and the curved pipe parts are set to have different radii of curvature, for example, 110 m/m.
m, 137 m/m, 164 m/m concentric circular arc shapes, with the double pipe 13 having the smallest radius of curvature in the curved pipe section inside, and the second pipe with the second radius of curvature outside the double pipe 13. A small double pipe 14 is added to the double pipe 14.
The double pipe 15 with the largest radius of curvature is placed on the outside of the double pipe 15 in the same plane.

そして、前記各二重管１３，１４゜１５における両端部
の内、一方何端部の内管１１を第１出口ヘッダ−１６に
、また、外管１２を接続管２０を介して第２人口ヘッダ
−１７にそれぞれ連絡すると共に、他方側端部の内管１
１を第１人口ヘッダー１８に、また、外管１２を接続管
２０を介して第２出口ヘッダ−１９にそれぞれ連絡する
のである。Then, the inner tube 11 at one end of both ends of each of the double tubes 13, 14 and 15 is connected to the first outlet header 16, and the outer tube 12 is connected to the second outlet header through the connecting tube 20. The inner pipe 1 at the other end is connected to the header 17 respectively.
1 to the first population header 18, and the outer pipe 12 to the second outlet header 19 via the connecting pipe 20.

また、前記二重管１３，１４．１５の各一対の直管部の
内、第１出口ヘッダ−１６、第２人口ヘッダ−１７に連
通ずる直管部が、第１人口ヘッダー１８．第２出口ヘッ
ダ−１９に連通ずる直管部の上位に位置するごとく、二
重管１３，１４．１５を縦向きにして取付ける。Further, among the straight pipe portions of each pair of the double pipes 13, 14.15, the straight pipe portions communicating with the first outlet header 16 and the second population header 17 are connected to the first population header 18. The double pipes 13, 14 and 15 are installed vertically so as to be located above the straight pipe section communicating with the second outlet header 19.

そして、前記空冷凝縮器７の出口を冷媒入口となる上位
の第２人口ヘッダ−１７に、また、冷媒出口となる下位
の第２出口ヘッダ−１９を受液器（図示せず）にそれぞ
れ接続する一方、冷媒の流れと対向するごとく、冷却水
を下位の第１人口ヘッダ−１８に供給して、上位の第１
出口ヘッダ−１６から排出すべく威すのである。Then, the outlet of the air-cooled condenser 7 is connected to the upper second population header 17 which serves as a refrigerant inlet, and the lower second outlet header 19 which serves as a refrigerant outlet is connected to a liquid receiver (not shown). On the other hand, cooling water is supplied to the lower first population header 18 so as to face the flow of the refrigerant, and
This forces the liquid to be discharged from the outlet header 16.

尚、２１は冷却水供給口、２２は排出口、２３は冷媒入
口管、２４は冷媒液出口管である。Note that 21 is a cooling water supply port, 22 is a discharge port, 23 is a refrigerant inlet pipe, and 24 is a refrigerant liquid outlet pipe.

しかして、以上の構成において、圧縮機９、ファンＦ１
．Ｆ□を駆動すると共に、冷却水を供給口２１から供給
して冷凍運転を行なうと、冷却水は、下位の第１入口ヘ
ッダ−１８に流入し、各二重管１３，１４，１５の内管
１１における下位の直管部から曲管部及び上位の直管部
を流通して、上位の第１出口ヘッダ−１６から流出する
。However, in the above configuration, the compressor 9, the fan F1
．． When F□ is driven and cooling water is supplied from the supply port 21 for refrigeration operation, the cooling water flows into the lower first inlet header 18 and flows inside each double pipe 13, 14, 15. It flows from the lower straight pipe section of the pipe 11 through the curved pipe section and the upper straight pipe section, and flows out from the upper first outlet header 16.

一方、空冷凝縮器７から流出した高圧冷媒が上位の第２
人口ヘッダ−１７に流入し、各二重管１３゜１４．１５
の外管１２における上位の直管部から曲管部及び下位の
直管部を液シール状態になることなく円滑に流通して、
下位の第２出ロヘツダー１９から流出するごとく流れる
。On the other hand, the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out from the air-cooled condenser 7 is
Flowing into the population header 17, each double pipe 13° 14.15
The liquid flows smoothly from the upper straight pipe part to the bent pipe part and the lower straight pipe part in the outer pipe 12 without becoming in a liquid seal state,
It flows as if flowing out from the lower second output header 19.

ところで、前記二重管１３，１４．１５は、例えば、直
管部の長さがともに９００ｍ／ｍ、曲管部の長さがそれ
ぞれ前記曲率半径１１０ｍ ／ ｍ 。By the way, in the double pipes 13, 14, and 15, for example, the length of the straight pipe part is both 900 m/m, and the length of the curved pipe part is each 110 m/m in radius of curvature.

１３７ｍ／ｍｓ １６４ｍ／ｍのπ倍、即ち、３４５ｍ
／ｍ、４３０ｍ／ｍ、 ５１５ｍ／ｍとなり、全長の内
の大半部を直管部とし、曲管部は半円状の１箇所とした
ので、前記冷却水及び冷媒が流れる内管１１、外管１２
内の各通路の流通抵抗を小さくできるのである。137m/ms π times 164m/m, i.e. 345m
/m, 430m/m, and 515m/m, and the majority of the total length is a straight pipe part, and the bent pipe part is one semicircular part, so the inner pipe 11, where the cooling water and refrigerant flow, and the outer pipe tube 12
This makes it possible to reduce the flow resistance of each passage inside.

しかも、二重管１３，１４，１５の曲管部は、その通路
長さが互いに異なるけれども、該通路長さが長く、長さ
に起因する流通抵抗が大きいもの程、曲率半径が大きく
曲りに起因する流通抵抗が小さくなるため、各二重管１
３，１４．１５の流通抵抗の値を、はＳ゛均一でき、冷
却水と冷媒とを各二重管１３，１４．１５において全体
に均一に熱交換させることができるのである。Moreover, although the passage lengths of the curved pipe portions of the double pipes 13, 14, and 15 are different from each other, the longer the passage length and the greater the flow resistance caused by the length, the larger the radius of curvature and the greater the resistance to bending. Each double pipe 1
The value of the flow resistance of 3, 14.15 can be made uniform, and the cooling water and refrigerant can uniformly exchange heat throughout the double pipes 13, 14, 15.

その上、前記二重管１３，１４，１５．は、全長の内の
大半部を直管部とし、残部を半円状の１っの曲管部とし
たので、直管部は勿論曲管部においても、全体をコイル
状としたものの如く外管１２の内壁の多数箇所に内管１
１が接触する不規則な配置になることを防止でき、熱交
換効率を向上させることができる。Moreover, the double pipes 13, 14, 15. The majority of the total length is a straight pipe part, and the remaining part is a semicircular bent pipe part, so not only the straight pipe part but also the curved pipe part has an external shape similar to that of a coiled pipe. Inner tube 1 is installed at multiple locations on the inner wall of tube 12.
1 can be prevented from being in an irregular arrangement in contact with each other, and heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

また、各二重管１３，１４．１５は、全体に平板状であ
るため、厚さ方向の寸法を小さくでき、従って、薄形に
できるし、該厚さ方向にできる空間を利用して、圧縮機
９などの冷凍機器の配置を容易に行なえるのである。In addition, since each double pipe 13, 14, 15 is entirely flat, the dimension in the thickness direction can be reduced, and therefore it can be made thin, and the space created in the thickness direction can be used to Refrigeration equipment such as the compressor 9 can be easily arranged.

しかして、以上説明した前記水冷熱交換器８は、内管１
１内に流す冷却水により、外管１２内に流す冷媒を冷却
する水冷専用としたが、水冷だけでなく、ファンＦ２．
Ｆ２． Ｆ２を運転する空冷凝縮器７の作用時に補助
凝縮器にも兼用する如くできるのである。Therefore, the water-cooled heat exchanger 8 described above has an inner pipe 1
Although the cooling water flowing inside the fan F2.
F2. It can also be used as an auxiliary condenser when the air-cooled condenser 7 operating F2 is in operation.

この場合、第３図に示した二重管形状のま）でもよいが
、外管１２の外面に、フィンを設けたものを用いるのが
よく、また、各二重管相互の間には、冷却空気を流通さ
せる隙間を設けるごとく威すのである。In this case, the double tube shape shown in FIG. It acts like a gap is created to allow cooling air to circulate.

そして、第５図に示すごとく、機械室３における下部の
連通孔３ｂから上部の連通孔３ａに亘って形成される空
気通路の、連通孔３ｂの内側に配置して、ファンＦ２・
・・により、下部の連通孔３ｂから吸込んだ空気を各二
重管周りに流通させて、該流通空気により外管１２内の
冷媒を冷却した後、空冷凝縮器７に流通させる空冷運転
を行なえるように威すのである。As shown in FIG. 5, the fan F2 is placed inside the communication hole 3b of the air passage formed from the lower communication hole 3b to the upper communication hole 3a in the machine room 3.
... allows the air sucked in from the lower communication hole 3b to circulate around each double pipe, cools the refrigerant in the outer pipe 12 with the circulating air, and then performs an air cooling operation in which the air is circulated to the air-cooled condenser 7. This is to intimidate them.

斯くすることにより、冷却水による水冷運転を行なえる
と共に、冷却水の供給を停止して空冷凝縮器７による空
冷運転を行なうとき、熱交換器８を補助凝縮器として活
用できるのである。By doing so, it is possible to perform water-cooling operation using the cooling water, and when the supply of cooling water is stopped and air-cooling operation is performed using the air-cooled condenser 7, the heat exchanger 8 can be used as an auxiliary condenser.

尚、以上の説明では、二重管の本数は３本としたが、２
本または４本以上としてもよい。In addition, in the above explanation, the number of double pipes is 3, but 2
It may be a book or 4 or more.

また、以上の説明は、コンテナ冷凍装置に組込んだ場合
であるが、該装置以外の各種の冷凍装置にも適用できる
。Moreover, although the above description is for the case where the present invention is incorporated into a container refrigeration system, it can also be applied to various types of refrigeration systems other than this system.

また、以上の説明は、凝縮器として使用した場合である
が、蒸発器にも使用でき、この場合においても、各二重
管１３，１４．１５における冷媒及び水の各流通抵抗を
均一に、かつ小さくできると共に、損失少なく熱交換効
率を向上できる。In addition, although the above explanation is for the case where it is used as a condenser, it can also be used as an evaporator, and even in this case, the flow resistance of refrigerant and water in each double pipe 13, 14, 15 is uniformly adjusted. Moreover, it can be made smaller, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved with less loss.

以上のごとく本考案は、内管１１と外管１２とから戊る
複数本の二重管１３，１４．１５をそれぞれＵ字状に形
成して、これら各二重管１３，１４．１５における直管
部の長さを同じ長さにしたので、各直管部における流体
の流通抵抗を均一に、かつ小さくできると共に、内管１
１と外管１２との配置を規則正しくでき熱交換効率を向
上できるのである。As described above, the present invention has a plurality of double tubes 13, 14.15 cut out from the inner tube 11 and outer tube 12, each formed into a U-shape, and each of these double tubes 13, 14.15 Since the lengths of the straight pipe parts are the same, the fluid flow resistance in each straight pipe part can be made uniform and small, and the inner pipe 1
1 and the outer tube 12 can be arranged regularly and heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

また、各二重管１３，１４．１５における曲管部は、曲
率半径の異なる同心円の円弧状としので、各曲管部の流
通抵抗をはＳ゛均一でき、しかも、曲管部は半円形状の
単に一箇所のみであるため、コイル状のものにくらべて
流通抵抗を小さくできるし、かつ、コイル状としたもの
のように、外管１２の内壁に内管１１が多数箇所で接触
するような不規則な配置が生ずるのを防止でき、熱交換
効率の低下を防止できるのである。In addition, since the curved pipe portions in each of the double pipes 13, 14, and 15 have concentric arc shapes with different radii of curvature, the flow resistance of each curved pipe portion can be made uniform S゛, and the curved pipe portions are semicircular. Since the shape is only at one point, the flow resistance can be lower than that of a coiled one, and unlike a coiled one, the inner tube 11 can come into contact with the inner wall of the outer tube 12 at many places. This prevents irregular arrangement from occurring and prevents a decrease in heat exchange efficiency.

従って、各二重管１３，１４．１５の全体で、２つの流
体を均一に、損失少なく、しかも熱交換効率よく確実に
熱交換させることができるのである。Therefore, the two fluids can be uniformly and reliably exchanged heat with little loss and with high heat exchange efficiency throughout each of the double pipes 13, 14, 15.

また、各二重管１３，１４．１５の内、曲率半径の小さ
い二重管を内側に、また、曲率半径の大きい二重管を外
側にして、同一平面内に配置したので、全体に薄形に形
成でき、冷凍装置など適用機器を薄形に形成できるので
ある。In addition, among the double pipes 13, 14, 15, the double pipe with a small radius of curvature is placed on the inside, and the double pipe with a large radius of curvature is placed on the outside, so that the overall structure is thin. It can be formed into a shape, and applicable equipment such as refrigeration equipment can be made thin.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は、本考案熱交換器をコンテナ冷凍装置に組込み
、該装置の前板を外した状態の正面図、第２図はその一
部を断面とした側面図、第３図は本考案熱交換器の一部
を断面とした正面図、第４図はその一部を省略した側面
図、第５図はコンテナ冷凍装置に組込んだ他の実施例を
示す側面図である。 １１・・・・・・内管、１２・・・・・・外管、１３，
１４．１５・・・・・・二重管。Figure 1 is a front view of the heat exchanger of the present invention installed in a container refrigeration system with the front plate removed, Figure 2 is a side view with a portion of the heat exchanger in cross section, and Figure 3 is a side view of the heat exchanger of the present invention with the front plate removed. FIG. 4 is a front view with a part of the heat exchanger in cross section, FIG. 4 is a side view with the part omitted, and FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment incorporated into a container refrigeration system. 11...Inner pipe, 12...Outer pipe, 13,
14.15...Double tube.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 内管１１と外管１２とから成る複数本の二重管１３．１
４．１５をそれぞれＵ字状に形成して、各二重管１３，
１４．１５における直管部の長さを同じ長さに威すと共
に、曲管部を、曲率半径の異なる同心円の円弧状とし、
前記曲管部における曲率半径の小さい二重管を内側に、
また、曲率半径の大きい二重管を外側にして、同一平面
内に配置腰前記各二重管１３，１４，１５における各内
管１１の一方の開口端部を第１人口ヘッダ−１８に、他
方の開口端部を第１出口ヘッダ−１６にそれぞれ連結す
る一方、前記各外管１２の一方の開口端部を第２人口ヘ
ッダ−１７に、他方の開口端部を第２出口ヘッダ−１９
にそれぞれ連結したことを特徴とする熱交換器。Multiple double tubes 13.1 consisting of an inner tube 11 and an outer tube 12
4.15 are each formed into a U-shape, and each double pipe 13,
14. The length of the straight pipe part in 15 is made the same length, and the curved pipe part is made into a concentric arc shape with a different radius of curvature,
A double pipe with a small radius of curvature in the curved pipe part is placed inside,
In addition, one open end of each inner tube 11 in each of the double tubes 13, 14, 15 is placed in the same plane with the double tube with a large radius of curvature facing outward, and the first artificial header 18 is While the other open end is connected to the first outlet header 16, one open end of each outer tube 12 is connected to the second population header 17, and the other open end is connected to the second outlet header 19.
A heat exchanger characterized in that each of the heat exchangers is connected to a heat exchanger.