JPS60121882A - Focusing detection method - Google Patents
Focusing detection methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60121882A JPS60121882A JP58229533A JP22953383A JPS60121882A JP S60121882 A JPS60121882 A JP S60121882A JP 58229533 A JP58229533 A JP 58229533A JP 22953383 A JP22953383 A JP 22953383A JP S60121882 A JPS60121882 A JP S60121882A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- converter
- sampled
- held
- image signal
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(技術分野)
本発明(まヒデオカメラ等における合焦検出方法に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a focus detection method in a video camera or the like.
(従来技術)
テレビカメラは撮影レンズによる被写体像をサチコン、
ヒジコン等の撮像・市・又は電荷結合素子。(Prior art) A television camera uses a photographic lens to capture an image of a subject.
Imaging such as Hijicon or charge coupled device.
フォトタイオードアレイ等の2次元間体撮像素子上に投
影して映像信号に変換するものであるが、従来このテレ
ビカメラの合焦検出方法は大別すると、(1)映像信号
から直接合焦信号を得る方法、(ii)上記撮像管又は
固体撮像素子の撮像面と共役な関係にある位1a[に焦
点検出用のセンサを配置して合焦信号を得るものに分類
される。しかし後者(目)では撮1象面と焦点検出面が
異方るため、これらの共役関係を組付ル1”1整で保持
′1−る必要がちシ、製造コストが高くつくばかりでな
く、上記共役関係が保たれない場合には焦点検出(1,
、+U−の誤JTIj作が発生していた。また焦点検出
用のセンサを用いているため、全体のコストが高くつく
という欠点がある。It is projected onto a two-dimensional interbody image sensor such as a photodiode array and converted into a video signal. Conventionally, the focus detection methods for this TV camera can be roughly divided into: (1) Direct focusing from the video signal; The method for obtaining a signal is classified into (ii) obtaining a focus signal by arranging a focus detection sensor at a position 1a which is in a conjugate relationship with the imaging surface of the image pickup tube or solid-state image sensor. However, in the latter case (the eye), since the imaging plane and the focus detection plane are anisotropic, it is necessary to maintain the conjugate relationship between them with a 1"1 assembly, which not only increases the manufacturing cost but also increases the manufacturing cost. , if the above conjugate relationship is not maintained, focus detection (1,
, +U- erroneous JTIj production occurred. Furthermore, since a focus detection sensor is used, there is a drawback that the overall cost is high.
一方、前者(1)は撮像面と焦点検出ijuか同一にな
るため、後者(11)の欠点を一気に解θとできる利点
を有しており、既に幾つかの方法の提案が寿さJtて1
./)る。On the other hand, the former (1) has the advantage that the imaging plane and focus detection iju are the same, so the drawback of the latter (11) can be solved at once by solving θ, and several methods have already been proposed for a long time. 1
.. /) Ru.
こ十t シの刀l去の大部分11第1図のブロック図で
示さAする方式である。12+1 ′c)撮影レンズ1
により被′ノラ′体家がセンサ2上に結像されて光電変
換され、こび)丸、に変換信号は増幅器;3により増幅
されて映像イを号となり、図示しない映像処理回路で処
理さttてヒ゛チオテープレコーダ拓・にS己録される
。センサ2は市: (WJ結合素了、フォトダイオード
アレイ痔のエリア!すI(7) 2次元固体撮像素子か
用いられ、駆動回んXl(#こよりl駆動される。この
ようなテレビ71メラにおいて増幅器;3からσ)映像
信号をザンブルポール1回h”i′i 5で各画素旬に
サンプルホールドして−7)−Dり/ディンタル(以F
A/1)という)変換器(+ テlh A’= 17
J: K A/′L) lj 換し、J゛[′価関数算
出回b”67によりi’J−r mi太度に関係するI
T数(評価関数) VC兎゛換して判定回路8により合
焦の判定を杓う。そしてこの’I’tl定回路8からの
合焦信号によシ制側1回路1)で七−夕10を1iil
j側1し、モータ10によって(最影しンス1を合焦位
置に移動させる。ここで映歇信号で必要な最大画周波数
は4MHzfあり、従ってA/D変換器6の変換速度は
この最大画周波数に対応したものでなければならない。The majority of this process is of the type A shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1. 12+1'c) Photographic lens 1
The image of the target object is formed on the sensor 2 and photoelectrically converted. S self-recorded on Hiichio Tape Recorder Taku. Sensor 2 is: (WJ combination complete, photodiode array hemorrhoid area! (7) A two-dimensional solid-state image sensor is used, and it is driven by the drive circuit. Such a TV 71 camera At the amplifier; 3 to σ) the video signal is sampled and held at each pixel by one time h"i'i 5, and -7) -D/dintal (hereafter F
A/1)) converter (+telh A'= 17
J: K A/'L) lj Converting to J゛['value function calculation time b''67, I'J-r mi related to the thickness
The T number (evaluation function) is converted into a VC and the judgment circuit 8 judges the focus. Then, based on the focus signal from this 'I'tl constant circuit 8, the control side 1 circuit 1) sets Tanabata 10 to 1iil.
j side 1, and the motor 10 moves the closest image frequency 1 to the in-focus position.The maximum image frequency required for the intermittent signal is 4 MHz, so the conversion speed of the A/D converter 6 is It must be compatible with the video frequency.
しかしこの方式にあってはA/D変換器は一般に分解能
と変換速度が指数関数的に比例する順向があるので、上
記画周波数に適合した高速度でA/D変換器、例えば8
1月tで200nsec以内の変換速度を有するA/D
変換器を用いさるを得ず、合焦精度が低くてコストアッ
プとなる欠点があった。However, in this method, since the A/D converter generally has a forward direction in which resolution and conversion speed are exponentially proportional, the A/D converter, for example, 8
A/D with conversion speed within 200nsec in January t
The disadvantage is that a converter is unavoidably used, and the focusing accuracy is low, resulting in increased costs.
(目 的)
本発明は焦点検出i1i+が撮像面と同一(あるばかり
でなく低速で高分解能の”/D変換器を使用できて合焦
精度の向上及び低コスト化を刷ることができる合焦検出
力法を提供することを目的とする。(Purpose) The present invention provides a focus detection system in which the focus detection i1i+ is the same as the imaging surface (not only is it possible to use a low-speed, high-resolution "/D converter"), thereby improving focusing accuracy and reducing costs. The purpose is to provide a power method.
(構 成)
以上図面を参照しながら本発明について詳細に説明する
。(Structure) The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第2図は本発明の実〃由装置例を示す。撮影1/ンス1
1により被写体像かセンザJ2上に結隊づれて光電変換
され、この光電変換信号+1増幅器13により増幅さJ
して吠1象仏号となり、図示しない映像処理回路で処理
されてビデオテープレコーダ等に記録いれる。センサ2
は電荷結合素子、フ、 トダイオードアレイ等のエリア
型の2次元固体撮塚素子が用い1っれ、叱動回路1・1
により駆動される。FIG. 2 shows an example of a practical device of the present invention. Shooting 1/ins 1
1, the subject image is photoelectrically converted onto the sensor J2, and this photoelectric conversion signal +1 is amplified by the amplifier 13.
The resulting image becomes the 1st elephant Buddha name, is processed by a video processing circuit (not shown), and is recorded on a video tape recorder or the like. sensor 2
Area-type two-dimensional solid-state sensors such as charge-coupled devices, flat-diode arrays, etc. are used.
Driven by.
このようなビデオカメラ等においてタイミング発生回路
15!i駆動回路J4の出力パルスI) K基づいて各
種のタイミングパルスを発生する。そして11ij1幅
器13か(、の映像信号A %まサンプルホールド回路
+6 VCでタイミング発生回路15からσ〕タイミン
グパルスSに同期してサンプルホールドされ、つまりセ
ンサ1の1)ハ動周波数又は映像信号Aの画周波atの
松数分の−・の周波数に(1]当するjん期て4Jンブ
リングホールドされる。この→ノーングルホールト回路
16の出力信号SAP iよA/IJ変換器17でA/
p変換さJし、レジスタ18により1周期分たけ遅延さ
れる。In such a video camera, etc., the timing generation circuit 15! Various timing pulses are generated based on the output pulse I) K of the i drive circuit J4. Then, the video signal A from the timing generator 15 is sampled and held in synchronization with the timing pulse S, that is, the video signal A of the sensor 1 is sampled and held in synchronization with the timing pulse S. The output signal SAP i of the non-glue hold circuit 16 is held at the j period corresponding to (1) at the frequency of -., which is the number of pins of the image frequency at of A.The A/IJ converter A/ at 17
P conversion is performed, and the register 18 delays the signal by one period.
との」易合’/D変換路]7からの映像信号はタイミン
グ発生回路]5からのタイミングパルスTによシレンス
タ18に格納され、タイミング発生回路15からのタイ
ミングパルスRにより1周期分だけ遅延してレジスタ1
8から読み出さ牙′する。砂算藷11)はVo変換器1
7からの映像信号とレジスタ18からσ)映像信号との
差をとってこの差を絶対値化−づ−るものであシ、タイ
ミング発生回路]5からのタイミングパルスSUBによ
って01作する。頻興器16)の減算結果は逐算器20
により所定数加算され、こ0)加!)はタイミング発生
回路15からσ)タイミングパルスACCによってイ1
ガわれる。この逐算器20の力IJ算結果が像鮮尖度に
関係才る評価関数Φを力える。これを式で衣用すると、
合焦時に対象とする画素数をns サンプルホールド回
路16で各画素に対して1クイ固毎にザンフ゛リングす
るものとして3番目のザンブリングテークをVJとす牙
1.ば(但しk ’−’−2+ 3・IT)n/1く
Φ= Jt Vj−Vj−Jl ・・(1)Jニ2
となる。判定回路21はこの逐算器20σ)加算結果よ
り合焦の判定を行々って合焦信号を出力し、この合焦信
号により開側1回路22でモータ2,3を側面jして撮
影レンズ11をモータ23によシ合焦位置へ移動させる
。The video signal from the "easy/D conversion path" 7 is stored in the timing pulse T from the timing generation circuit 5, and is delayed by one period due to the timing pulse R from the timing generation circuit 15. and register 1
It is read out from 8. Sazanpo 11) is Vo converter 1
The difference between the video signal from the register 18 and the video signal σ from the register 18 is taken, and this difference is converted into an absolute value. The subtraction result of the multiplier 16) is sent to the subtracter 20.
A predetermined number is added by 0) addition! ) is generated by the timing pulse ACC from the timing generation circuit 15.
I'm being attacked. The IJ calculation result of this subtractor 20 provides an evaluation function Φ related to image sharpness kurtosis. Using this in the formula,
The number of pixels to be targeted at the time of focusing is ns.The sample and hold circuit 16 performs Zampfing for each pixel one by one, and the third Zumbling Take is VJ. For example, (k′-′-2+3・IT)n/1×Φ=JtVj-Vj-Jl...(1)Jni2. The determination circuit 21 makes a focus determination based on the addition result of the subtracter 20σ) and outputs a focus signal. Based on this focus signal, the open side 1 circuit 22 turns the motors 2 and 3 to the side j to take a picture. The lens 11 is moved to the in-focus position by the motor 23.
第;つ図は第2図の例における主要部のタイミングチャ
ートであり、画素を9個毎にザンプリング1−7た例に
ついてのものである。図中のEOC!iA/j)l&換
器]7からの変換終了信号であり、この例では9L来方
向Cで比中父して115の変換速度の”/D変換Hgを
使用でさることがわかる。Figure 2 is a timing chart of the main part in the example of Figure 2, and is for an example in which pixels 1-7 are sampled every nine pixels. EOC in the diagram! iA/j)l&converter] 7, and in this example, it can be seen that ``/D conversion Hg with a conversion speed of 115 can be used in the direction C from 9L.
第・1図Cよレンス位置に対する評価関数Φの関係をン
T、、シフこものであり、1(が小沁い程減算2蹄J9
の差分(Illが小さくなるためにKf l1lli関
数ΦのソNが11(下−4−ることを2’r< l、で
いる。名しfJi:来)i法で評1i11i関数^r
(J)式にしたときでも1くをk ・・・lと小さくし
ているため、評価関数のS/Nが悪くなり、髄に合焦イ
\」【斤で誤動作を起同−用能性か高く、また高速のA
/D変換器が心安でコストアップの要因となる。未発1
りjて+、t kを2す、土に大きくして上記欠点を改
善している。Figure 1C shows the relationship of the evaluation function Φ with respect to the lens position.
Since the difference (Ill becomes smaller, the soN of the Kf l1lli function Φ is 11 (lower - 4-) is 2'r < l. Name fJi: next) Evaluate using the i method 1i11i function ^r
Even when formula (J) is used, 1 is made small as k...l, so the S/N of the evaluation function becomes poor, making it difficult to focus on the marrow. High speed and high speed A
/D converter is safe and causes cost increase. Unexploded 1
The above-mentioned drawbacks are improved by increasing t+ and tk to 2.
(効 果)
以」二のように本発明によれば映像信号を複数個の画素
毎にザノゾルホールドしてA/l)、R換器でティジタ
ル化するので、低速で高分甫能のA/I)F換器を使用
することができて合焦都度の同士及び低コスI・化を計
ることができる。またヒテオカメラ等で生成する映像信
号から合焦検出をイi′50)で、焦点検出面が撮像面
と同一であり、ビデオカメラ等の組イ\J調整が容易で
原理的にパララックスかない。(Effects) As described in Section 2, according to the present invention, the video signal is held for each pixel and digitized by the A/l) and R converter, so it can be used at low speed and with high resolution. It is possible to use an A/I)F converter, and it is possible to reduce the cost of I/I when focusing. In addition, focus detection is performed from a video signal generated by a video camera or the like, and the focus detection plane is the same as the imaging plane, making it easy to adjust the set of the video camera or the like, and there is no parallax in principle.
第1図は促来の合焦検出装渦を示すフロ、り図、第2図
は本発明の実施装置4例を示すプロ、りjQl、第3図
は同天施装置例のタイミングチャート、第・1図はレン
ス位置と評1曲関数との関係を示す特性図である。
16・ザンブルホールト回路、17・・・AA〕変」火
器、181/シスタ、19・・・減9−器、20・・−
:i8真器。
2 イ 図
缶2 図
cbFig. 1 is a flowchart showing the focus detection device vortex, Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing four examples of the device for implementing the present invention, Fig. 3 is a timing chart of an example of the device for implementing the present invention. FIG. 1 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the lens position and the evaluation function. -
: i8 true equipment. 2 A Figure can 2 Figure cb
Claims (1)
信号に変換する装置において、前記映像(g号を前記固
体撮像素子の駆動周波数又は前記映像信号の画周波数に
対1−る抜数分の−の周波数に相当する周期でサンプル
ホールドするステップと、このステップでサンプルホー
ルドした映像信号をティジタル化1−るステップと、と
のステップでティジタル化された映像信号を上記周4υ
(の1周期分遅延するステップと、このステップで遅延
された11961家信号と前記ステップでティ/タル化
された映1.24ムシツとの誠9、をイエつステ、ゾと
、このステ、ゾの減多゛>結鞠冬をIす[定款たけ逐3
1′1−るステップとを有することを特徴と1−る合焦
検出方法。In a device that scans a subject image with an area-type solid-state image sensor and converts it into a video signal, the image (g) is a subtracted number of 1 - the driving frequency of the solid-state image sensor or the image frequency of the video signal. The digitized video signal is sampled and held at a period corresponding to the frequency of - minutes, and the video signal sampled and held in this step is digitized.
The step of delaying by one cycle of The decrease in
1. A focus detection method characterized by comprising steps 1' and 1'.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP58229533A JPS60121882A (en) | 1983-12-05 | 1983-12-05 | Focusing detection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP58229533A JPS60121882A (en) | 1983-12-05 | 1983-12-05 | Focusing detection method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60121882A true JPS60121882A (en) | 1985-06-29 |
Family
ID=16893655
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP58229533A Pending JPS60121882A (en) | 1983-12-05 | 1983-12-05 | Focusing detection method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS60121882A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0297174A (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-09 | Rhythm Watch Co Ltd | Electronic camera |
JPH04172078A (en) * | 1990-11-05 | 1992-06-19 | Canon Inc | Automatic focusing device |
-
1983
- 1983-12-05 JP JP58229533A patent/JPS60121882A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0297174A (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-09 | Rhythm Watch Co Ltd | Electronic camera |
JPH04172078A (en) * | 1990-11-05 | 1992-06-19 | Canon Inc | Automatic focusing device |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI343741B (en) | Cmos image sensor using high frame rate with frame addition and movement compensation | |
TW201105118A (en) | Imaging device, imaging method and computer-readable recording medium | |
JP6124720B2 (en) | Imaging apparatus, image processing method, and image processing program | |
JP2007316417A (en) | High frequency information detection processing device and imaging apparatus | |
JP2001177752A (en) | Image pickup method and device to generate combined output image having image components photographed by different focal distances | |
US8964055B2 (en) | Combining images based on position offset detection of a series of images | |
JP2003319407A (en) | Imaging apparatus | |
JPS60183879A (en) | Focus detector | |
JPS60121882A (en) | Focusing detection method | |
JP2008187614A (en) | Photographing apparatus | |
JP3109808B2 (en) | Electronic camera device | |
JPWO2005033764A1 (en) | Lens position control device | |
JP2007094236A (en) | Imaging apparatus and method | |
JP6819428B2 (en) | Image imager | |
JPH11177888A (en) | Smear correction system | |
JP2001324672A (en) | Automatic focusing control method and automatic focusing device | |
JP2843981B2 (en) | Auto focus device | |
JP2692535B2 (en) | Solid-state imaging device for capturing strobe images | |
JPH10136251A (en) | Image pickup device | |
JP3187068B2 (en) | Smear removal circuit | |
JP2752913B2 (en) | 3D image capturing device | |
KR20070098404A (en) | Image pickup apparatus and method of picking up images | |
JP2690186B2 (en) | Solid-state imaging device | |
JP2004191892A (en) | Imaging unit | |
JPS60220666A (en) | Image pickup device |