JPS60102100A - Loudspeaker device - Google Patents
Loudspeaker deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60102100A JPS60102100A JP21023083A JP21023083A JPS60102100A JP S60102100 A JPS60102100 A JP S60102100A JP 21023083 A JP21023083 A JP 21023083A JP 21023083 A JP21023083 A JP 21023083A JP S60102100 A JPS60102100 A JP S60102100A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- speaker
- speakers
- sound
- delay
- horn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
- H04R1/403—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers loud-speakers
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
- Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、トンネルや連絡路、駅のホーム等、幅が狭く
細長い空間に広範囲にわたって拡声を行なう１Ｍ合に用
いる拡声装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a loudspeaker system used for 1M broadcasting, which broadcasts sound over a wide range of narrow and elongated spaces such as tunnels, connecting roads, and station platforms.
従来例の構成とその問題点
従来よりトンネル等の、！１１長い空間で広範囲にわた
って拡声を行なうために、トンネル壁面にスピーカが多
数個取り（＝ｊけらｔでいる。Conventional configuration and its problems Conventional tunnels, etc.! 11 In order to amplify the sound over a wide area in a long space, a large number of speakers are installed on the tunnel wall.
第１凶は従来の拡声装置の構成凶である。第１図におい
て、１はトンネル壁、２は道路面、３はマイクロホン、
４はマイクロホン出力を増幅するアンプ、２１〜２９は
トンネル壁面１に多数個取り付けられたスピーカである
。The first problem is the configuration of conventional public address systems. In Figure 1, 1 is a tunnel wall, 2 is a road surface, 3 is a microphone,
4 is an amplifier for amplifying the microphone output, and 21 to 29 are multiple speakers attached to the tunnel wall surface 1.
第２図はトンネル断面内の反射音構成図でスピーカを第
１凶に示すように取り付けた場合の１つのスピーカ２５
から放射された音を音線として扱い、どのように反射す
るかを示すものである。第２凶より、スピーカ２６から
放射された音５はトンネル壁１の各点ａ、ｂ、ｃ、ｄで
反射を繰り返すため余り吸音されずに残響時間の長い音
場を形成している。このため受聴者はスピーカからの直
接音の他にトンネル壁１や道路面２で反射した間接音を
多く聴くことになり拡声音の明瞭度が悪いという欠点を
有していた。Figure 2 is a configuration diagram of reflected sound within a cross section of a tunnel, showing one speaker 25 when the speakers are installed as shown in the first row.
It treats the sound radiated from the object as a sound ray and shows how it is reflected. Second, since the sound 5 emitted from the speaker 26 is repeatedly reflected at each point a, b, c, and d of the tunnel wall 1, the sound 5 is not absorbed much and forms a sound field with a long reverberation time. Therefore, the listener hears a lot of indirect sound reflected from the tunnel wall 1 and the road surface 2 in addition to the direct sound from the speaker, resulting in a disadvantage that the clarity of the amplified sound is poor.
第３図は従来の第２の実施例の拡声装置の構成凶で各図
において同一部材には同一番号を付し説明を省略する。FIG. 3 shows the configuration of a conventional loudspeaker system according to a second embodiment, and the same members in each figure are given the same numbers and their explanations will be omitted.
まず第３図においてホーンスピーカ３１〜３７は長軸方
向に向けてスピーカ間隔１０毎に配列されている。この
場合、放射方向はトンネルの長軸方向に向けているため
、この軸に垂直な方向への音の放射は少なく、第２図で
示したような反射が繰り返され間接音レベルが高くなり
明瞭度の低下を防ぐことができる。しかし、複数のホー
ンスピーカ３１〜３７を一斎に拡声すると、各ホーンス
ピーカ３１〜３７がら受聴者７捷での距離が異なるため
、第４凶のエコータイム−パターン凶に示されるようし
こエコーとなって聴こえ明１１１．ｌ：度が低下するこ
とりこ石：る。すなわち受聴者７は最初のホーンスピー
カ３４から順次ホーンスピーカ３３．３２，３１の）−
７を聴くことになる。この伝搬時間差によって生じるエ
コーをなくするため各ホーンスピーカ３１〜３７に遅延
回路４１〜４５とパワーアンプ５１〜６６を通した信号
を印加する方法が用いられている。第５凶はこのような
従来の第３の実施例の拡声装置の構成凶である。第６図
において、各ホーンスピーカ３１〜３７への遅延時間Ｔ
１〜Ｔ７にｊｌ、見、下の（１）式のように設定されて
いる。First, in FIG. 3, horn speakers 31 to 37 are arranged at intervals of 10 speakers in the longitudinal direction. In this case, since the radiation direction is directed toward the long axis of the tunnel, there is little radiation of sound in the direction perpendicular to this axis, and reflections as shown in Figure 2 are repeated, increasing the indirect sound level and making it clearer. It is possible to prevent a decrease in the degree of However, when a plurality of horn speakers 31 to 37 are amplified in one room, the distance from each horn speaker 31 to 37 to the listener is different, so the echo time shown in the fourth worst echo time-pattern pattern is different. Become audible 111. l: The degree decreases. Rikoite: Ru. In other words, the listener 7 listens to the horn speakers 33, 32, 31) in order from the first horn speaker 34.
You will be listening to 7. In order to eliminate echoes caused by this propagation time difference, a method is used in which signals passed through delay circuits 41-45 and power amplifiers 51-66 are applied to each horn speaker 31-37. The fifth problem is the configuration of the conventional public address system of the third embodiment. In FIG. 6, the delay time T to each horn speaker 31 to 37 is
1 to T7 are set as shown in equation (1) below.
（ただしＣは音速を示す。）
以上のように設定することによυ伝搬時間差によるエコ
ーをなくすことができる。第６図は、このようにして得
られたエコータイムパターン凶である。(However, C indicates the speed of sound.) By setting as above, it is possible to eliminate echoes due to the υ propagation time difference. FIG. 6 shows the echo time pattern obtained in this manner.
しかしながら、トンネルのように拡声距離が長い場合、
最初のホーンスピーカ３１から最後のホーンスピーカ３
７で拡声されるまでに非常に長い時間がかかり、遅延回
路のコスト高とともに実際的でないという欠点を有して
いた。However, when the amplification distance is long, such as in a tunnel,
First horn speaker 31 to last horn speaker 3
7, it takes a very long time to amplify the sound, and the delay circuit is expensive and impractical.
発明の目的
本発明は上記欠点に鑑みなされたもので、トンネル等の
細長い空間に拡声する場合、遅延回路の遅延時間を短か
くし、拡声音を早くしかもどの位置で聴いても明瞭度よ
く拡声することができる拡声装置を提供することを目的
とする。Purpose of the Invention The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and when amplifying sound into a long and narrow space such as a tunnel, the delay time of the delay circuit is shortened, and the amplified sound is amplified quickly and with good clarity no matter where you listen to it. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a public address system that can perform the following functions.
発明の構成
上記目的を達するため本発明の拡声装置は、鋭い指向性
を有するスピーカの配置間隔を適昌に開け、かつスピー
カの向きを細長い空間の長軸方向とほぼ同一方向に向け
て配列した複数個のスピーカからなるスピーカ群を複数
個有し、各スピーカ群は長軸方向に沿って直列に、かつ
各スピーカ群のスピーカの向きは隣り合うスピーカ群と
は逆方向に向くように配置した構成となっており、これ
により遅延時間の短くかつ明瞭度の高い拡声音を得るこ
とができる。Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the loudspeaker of the present invention has speakers having sharp directivity arranged at appropriate intervals, and the speakers are arranged in substantially the same direction as the long axis of the elongated space. It has multiple speaker groups consisting of multiple speakers, and each speaker group is arranged in series along the long axis direction, and the speakers in each speaker group are arranged in the opposite direction to the adjacent speaker group. With this configuration, it is possible to obtain amplified sound with short delay time and high clarity.
実ｔＭ例の説明
以下本発明♂舅施例について凹面を参照しながら説明す
る。DESCRIPTION OF ACTUAL TM EXAMPLE Hereinafter, the male embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the concave surface.
第７図は本発明の第１の実施例の拡声装置のｆ／１′）
成因である。第７凶において４１〜４４はそれぞれ遅延
時間をＴ１〜Ｔ４に設定した遅延回路で遅延時間Ｔ１〜
Ｔ４は前記（１）式で示されている。５１〜５４はそれ
ぞれ遅延回路４１〜４４の出力を増幅するパワーアンプ
、６１〜６８はホーンスピーカで、ホーンスピーカ６１
〜６４１’Ｊ：ｌ−ンイ・ル内の長軸方向のうち一方向
を向いてスピーカ群を構成しホーンスピーカ６６〜６８
は上記スピーカ群の各ホーンスピーカ６１〜６４の方向
とは逆の方向を向いて配置されスピーカ１１丁・の境と
なるホーンスピーカ６４．６５は互いに同じ位置に接近
させて取り付けられている。また各遅延回路４１〜４３
を介して増幅された音声信号は、それぞれ各スピーカ群
のホーンスピーカ６１〜６４とホーンスピーカ６５〜６
８に順に接続されており、各ホーンスピーカ６４．８５
とホーンスピーカ６３，６６とホーンスピーカ６２．６
７とホーンスピーカ６１゜６８へは同じ遅延時間の遅延
回路を介した信号が加えられる。Fig. 7 shows f/1' of the loudspeaker system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
It is the cause. In the seventh case, 41 to 44 are delay circuits whose delay times are set to T1 to T4, respectively, and the delay times are T1 to T4.
T4 is shown by the above formula (1). 51 to 54 are power amplifiers that amplify the outputs of the delay circuits 41 to 44, respectively; 61 to 68 are horn speakers;
~641'J: Horn speakers 66 to 68 constitute a loudspeaker group facing one of the long axis directions in the inside.
The horn speakers 64 and 65, which are arranged facing in the opposite direction to the direction of each of the horn speakers 61 to 64 of the above-mentioned speaker group and serve as boundaries between the 11 speakers, are mounted close to each other at the same position. In addition, each delay circuit 41 to 43
The amplified audio signals are transmitted to horn speakers 61 to 64 and horn speakers 65 to 6 of each speaker group, respectively.
8 in turn, each horn speaker 64.85
and horn speakers 63, 66 and horn speakers 62.6
Signals are applied to the horn speakers 7 and 61 and 68 through delay circuits having the same delay time.
以上のように構成された本実施例について以下その動作
を説明する。The operation of this embodiment configured as above will be described below.
捷ずマイクロホン３から出力される音声信号はアンプ４
で増幅し、遅延時間をＴ１〜Ｔ４に設定した遅延回路４
１〜４４に分波して入力し、各遅延回路４１〜４４の出
力をパワーアンプ５１〜５４で増幅し、各々のホー／ス
ピーカ６４．６５からホーンスピーカ６１，６１Ｊｊで
順次別えられ、拡声音が再生される。The audio signal output from the microphone 3 is sent to the amplifier 4.
Delay circuit 4 with amplification and delay time set to T1 to T4
The output of each delay circuit 41-44 is amplified by power amplifiers 51-54, and is sequentially separated from each ho/speaker 64.65 to horn speakers 61, 61Jj to amplify the sound. Sound is played.
以上のよう（・て本実施例によれば、トンネル等の音の
反射の大きく、かつ細長い空間において、指向性のする
どいホーンスピーカをスピーカ群毎に互いにスピーカの
向きを反対方向に向かせて配置することにより、明瞭度
の良い拡声が可能となりまた、非常に細長い空間におい
ても、遅延回路４１〜４４を設ければ容易に音の伝搬時
間差による補正をスピーカ群単位で行なうことができ、
補正した遅延時間による拡声の遅れを少なくすることが
できる。さらに、ホーンスピーカを用いているためスピ
ーカ群に分は同時に再生するために生じる拡声音の重複
による明瞭度の劣化を防止することができる。As described above (・According to this embodiment, horn speakers with sharp directivity are arranged in each speaker group with the speakers facing in opposite directions in a long and narrow space with large sound reflections such as a tunnel. By doing so, it is possible to amplify the sound with good clarity, and even in a very long and narrow space, by providing delay circuits 41 to 44, it is possible to easily correct the difference in sound propagation time for each speaker group.
The delay in amplification due to the corrected delay time can be reduced. Furthermore, since a horn speaker is used, it is possible to prevent deterioration in clarity due to duplication of amplified sounds caused by simultaneous reproduction by a group of speakers.
尚、第８図は第７凶のスピーカ配置を行った場合の２つ
のスピーカ群の境界イτ」近の音の伝搬状態を示してい
る。第８凶において−、ホーンスピーカ６４から発せら
れ／こ音はＡ１ の領域に、ホーンスピーカ６５から発
せられた音はＡ２の領域にそれぞれ達する。その／Ｃめ
Ａ３の領域ではスピーカからの直接音のレベルが小さく
なり明瞭感が悪くなるので、指向性の鋭くないスピーカ
をホーンスピーカ６４．６５のかわりに用いてもよい。Incidentally, FIG. 8 shows the propagation state of sound near the boundary τ' between the two speaker groups when the seventh worst speaker arrangement is performed. In the eighth case, the sound emitted from the horn speaker 64 reaches the area A1, and the sound emitted from the horn speaker 65 reaches the area A2. In the area of /C A3, the level of the direct sound from the speaker becomes low and the sense of clarity deteriorates, so a speaker with less sharp directivity may be used in place of the horn speaker 64, 65.
次に本発明の他の実施例について第９図を用いて説明す
る。Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG. 9.
第９凶において、第８凶と同一部材は同一番号を付し説
明を省略する。２つのスピーカ群を形成するホーンスピ
ーカ６１〜６４とホーンスピーカ６５〜６８とがトンネ
ル壁に沿って互いに逆方向に向けて取り付けられている
。また第１０凶に示すように、２つのスピーカ群の境界
付近に配置さレタホーンスピーカ６４．６５は、距離ｌ
ｄ ｔへだてて互いに向き合い拡声範囲を交差させた状
態で取り付けられている。以上のように構成された本実
施例においても第１の実施例と同様の効果を得ることが
できる。また、スピーカ群の境界例近では、一方のスピ
ーカ群を他のスピーカ群に一定範囲入り込ませているの
で、それぞれの拡声音の伝搬ｅれる領域Ａ１．Ａ２はＭ
なり合い、どの位置でもスピーカからの直接音を受聴で
きるため、どこで受聴しても明瞭感の良い拡声音を得る
ことができる。In the ninth case, the same members as those in the eighth case are given the same numbers and explanations are omitted. Horn speakers 61 to 64 and horn speakers 65 to 68 forming two speaker groups are mounted along the tunnel wall in opposite directions. Furthermore, as shown in the 10th row, the letterhorn speakers 64 and 65 placed near the boundary between the two speaker groups are arranged at a distance of l.
The speakers are installed facing each other with their amplification ranges intersecting each other. In this embodiment configured as described above, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, near the boundary between the speaker groups, one speaker group is placed within a certain range of the other speaker groups, so that the area A1 where each amplified sound propagates. A2 is M
Since the direct sound from the speakers can be heard from any position, it is possible to obtain amplified sound with good clarity no matter where you listen.
尚、以上の実施例において、ホーンスピーカ６１〜６８
は、トンネル内の一方の壁にのみ取り付けられているが
、各スピーカ！１Ｆを互いに−向かい合つトンネルのホ
ー／スピーカの取イ・］壁に千＋１；′Ｊ状に配置して
もよい。In addition, in the above embodiment, the horn speakers 61 to 68
Each speaker is only mounted on one wall in the tunnel! 1F may be arranged on the wall of the tunnel facing each other in the shape of 1,000+1;'J.
また、スピーカは主にホーンスピーカ６１〜６８を用い
ているが、指向性が鋭ければ複数個のスピーカをライン
配列した１・−ンプレイ形スピーカでもよい。Furthermore, although horn speakers 61 to 68 are mainly used as speakers, if the directivity is sharp, a single-play type speaker in which a plurality of speakers are arranged in a line may also be used.
次に、以上の実施例ではスピーカ間隔は等間隔であった
が、不均等な間隔でもよい。しかしこの場合、遅延回路
の遅延時間は、音の伝搬時間差を補正するように選ぶ必
要がある。Next, although the speakers were arranged at equal intervals in the above embodiments, they may be arranged at unequal intervals. However, in this case, the delay time of the delay circuit needs to be selected to compensate for the sound propagation time difference.
さらに、トンネル以外にも、駅のホーム、地下道等に設
置してもよい。Furthermore, in addition to tunnels, it may be installed on station platforms, underground passages, etc.
発明の効果
以上のように本発明の拡声装置によれば、トンネル等の
音の反射が大きく、かつ細長い空間においても、指向性
の鋭いスピーカをスピーカ群毎に互いに反対方向を向か
せて配置しているので、明瞭度の良い拡声がｉ］能にな
り、また非常に細長い空間でも遅延回路を設けることに
より容易に音の伝搬時間差による補正をスピーカ群単位
で行なえるので補正した遅延時間に、よる拡声の遅れを
少なくすることができ、さらに指向性の鋭いスピーカを
用いているためスピーカをスピーカ群毎に分けて同時に
再生するために生じる各スピーカの音の重複による明瞭
度の劣化を防止することができその効果は犬なるものが
ある。Effects of the Invention As described above, the loudspeaker of the present invention allows speakers with sharp directivity to be arranged facing opposite directions in each speaker group, even in long and narrow spaces where sound reflection is large, such as in tunnels. This enables sound amplification with good clarity, and even in very long and narrow spaces, by providing a delay circuit, it is easy to correct the difference in sound propagation time for each speaker group, so the corrected delay time Furthermore, since speakers with sharp directivity are used, it prevents deterioration in clarity due to duplication of sounds from each speaker, which occurs when the speakers are divided into speaker groups and played back at the same time. The effect can be seen on dogs.
第１区は従来の拡声装置の構成図、第２図は同トンネル
断面内の反射音構成図、第３凶は従来の第２の実施例の
拡声装置の構成図、第４凶は第３凶の拡声装置のエコー
タイムパターン図、第６凶は従来の第３の拡声装置の構
成図、第６凶は第５凶の拡声装置のエコータイムパター
ン図、第７図は本発明の第１の実施例の拡声装置の構成
図、第８凶は第７図の同スピーカ群の境界付近の構成図
、第９区は本発明の第２の実施例の拡声装置の構成図、
第１０図は同スピーカ群の境界付近の構成図である。
１・・・・・・トンネル壁、２・・・・・・道路面、６
１〜６８・・・・・・ホーンスピーカ。The first section is a configuration diagram of a conventional public address system, the second section is a configuration diagram of reflected sound within the cross section of the same tunnel, the third section is a configuration diagram of a conventional public address system according to the second embodiment, and the fourth section is a configuration diagram of a conventional public address system according to the second embodiment. The echo time pattern diagram of the loudspeaker of the worst type, the sixth figure is the configuration diagram of the conventional third loudspeaker, the sixth figure is the echo time pattern diagram of the fifth type of loudspeaker, and the seventh figure is the first one of the present invention. The eighth section is a configuration diagram of the loudspeaker system according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the eighth section is a configuration diagram near the boundary of the same speaker group in FIG. 7, the ninth section is a configuration diagram of the loudspeaker system according to the second embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram near the boundary of the same speaker group. 1... Tunnel wall, 2... Road surface, 6
1-68...Horn speaker.
Claims (1)
開け、かつスピーカの向きを細長い空間の長軸方向とほ
ぼ同一方向に向けて配列した複数個のスピーカからなる
スピーカ群を複数個有し、各スピーカ群は長軸方向に沿
って直列に、かつ各スピーカ群のスピーカの向きＶｉ＠
り合うスピーカ群のスピーカの向きとは逆方向に向くよ
うに配置してなる拡声装置。 （→ 各スピーカ群において、一方の端のスピーカを基
点とし、そのスピーカから他方の端に至る各スピーカの
音の伝搬時間差を補正する遅延回路を備えた特許請求の
範囲第１項記載の拡声表置。 （肴 スピーカ群とスピーカ群との接続境界°付近にお
いて、隣り合うスピー゛力群の最端のそれぞれのスピー
カをその隣りのスピーカ群の中に入り込ませてなる特許
請求の範囲第１項記載の拡声装置。 （４トンネル等の壁面で四１れた細長い空間で拡声する
場合、複数のスピーカ群を互いＶこ向かい合うトンネル
のスピーカ取付壁に千鳥状Ｖこ配置してなる特許請求の
範囲ム′５１項記載の拡声装置。(1) It has a plurality of speaker groups consisting of a plurality of speakers arranged with sharp directivity at appropriate intervals and with the speakers oriented in almost the same direction as the long axis of the elongated space. , each speaker group is arranged in series along the long axis direction, and the speaker orientation of each speaker group Vi@
A loudspeaker system in which speakers in a group of speakers are arranged so that they face in the opposite direction to the direction of the speakers. (→ In each speaker group, the loudspeaker table according to claim 1 is provided with a delay circuit that corrects the propagation time difference of the sound of each speaker from the speaker at one end to the other end. (Accessories) Claim 1 wherein each of the outermost speakers of adjacent speaker groups is inserted into the adjacent speaker group in the vicinity of the connection boundary between the speaker groups. (When amplifying sound in a long and narrow space defined by walls such as four tunnels, a plurality of speaker groups are arranged in a staggered manner on the speaker mounting walls of tunnels facing each other. A public address system as described in item '51.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21023083A JPS60102100A (en) | 1983-11-08 | 1983-11-08 | Loudspeaker device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21023083A JPS60102100A (en) | 1983-11-08 | 1983-11-08 | Loudspeaker device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60102100A true JPS60102100A (en) | 1985-06-06 |
| JPH0122800B2 JPH0122800B2 (en) | 1989-04-27 |
Family
ID=16585934
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21023083A Granted JPS60102100A (en) | 1983-11-08 | 1983-11-08 | Loudspeaker device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60102100A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS639300A (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1988-01-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Speaker system |
| NO20181266A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-03-30 | Norphonic AS | Sound system for tunnels, corridors and other long and narrow confined spaces |
-
1983
- 1983-11-08 JP JP21023083A patent/JPS60102100A/en active Granted
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS639300A (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1988-01-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Speaker system |
| NO20181266A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-03-30 | Norphonic AS | Sound system for tunnels, corridors and other long and narrow confined spaces |
| EP3629604A1 (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-01 | Norphonic AS | Sound system for tunnels, corridors and other long and narrow confined spaces |
| NO345184B1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-10-26 | Norphonic AS | Sound system for tunnels, corridors and other long and narrow confined spaces |
| US11218825B2 (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2022-01-04 | Norphonic AS | Sound system for tunnels, corridors and other long and narrow confined spaces |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0122800B2 (en) | 1989-04-27 |
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