JPS5975568A - Fuel cell - Google Patents

Fuel cell

Info

Publication number
JPS5975568A
JPS5975568A JP57186534A JP18653482A JPS5975568A JP S5975568 A JPS5975568 A JP S5975568A JP 57186534 A JP57186534 A JP 57186534A JP 18653482 A JP18653482 A JP 18653482A JP S5975568 A JPS5975568 A JP S5975568A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electrode
reservoir
electrolyte
facing
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP57186534A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6253905B2 (en
Inventor
Toshiaki Murahashi
村橋　俊明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP57186534A priority Critical patent/JPS5975568A/en
Publication of JPS5975568A publication Critical patent/JPS5975568A/en
Publication of JPS6253905B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6253905B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reservoir is provided on the gas separator at the portion facing the portion where has sealing mechanism is provided on the peripheral portion of the electrode, and the portion of the electrode facing the reservoir is rendered hydrophilic, whereby it is aimed to provide an enhanced passage of electrolyte between the reservoir and the electrolyte matrix. CONSTITUTION:A fuel cell is formed of a gas separator 1, a fuel electrode 4, an electrolyte matrix 5, and an oxidant electrode 6, wherein a reservoir 8 is provided on the gas separator 1 at the portion facing the peripheral portion 4b provided with gas sealing mechanism of the fuel electrode 4, and wherein the portion 10 facing the reservoir 8 of the electrode 4 is packed with finer pores of silicon carbide than the peripheral portion 4b so as to be rendered hydrophilic, and wherein the peripheral portion 5b of the matrix 5 is packed with a smaller average grain side of silicon carbide than the central portion 5a. As a result, the electrolyte carried by the reservoir 8 will positively pass through the portion 10 and be supplied to the peripheral portion 5b of the matrix, and a sufficient amount of the electrolyte can thus be supplied effectively.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明は燃料電池、特にリザーバから電解質マトリク
スへの電解質の供給機構に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to fuel cells, and more particularly to a mechanism for supplying electrolyte from a reservoir to an electrolyte matrix.

従来、この種の燃料電池としては第１図に示すものがあ
った。図において、（１）はガス分離板で燃料流路（２
）と酸化剤流路（３）が両面に設けられている。Conventionally, there has been a fuel cell of this type as shown in FIG. In the figure, (1) is the gas separation plate and the fuel flow path (2
) and oxidant channels (3) are provided on both sides.

（４）は燃料電極であり、これに接して（５）電解質マ
トリクスがあり、その上に酸化剤電極（６）がある。（
７）はシールのためのバッキングであり、（８）は電解
質を保持するリザーバである。それぞれの番号の（ａ）
がついた部分は電池反応が生じる部分で、（ｂ）の部分
はシール部であり、不透気処理を旌すた部分である。(4) is a fuel electrode, adjacent to which is (5) an electrolyte matrix, and above which is an oxidizer electrode (6). (
7) is a backing for sealing, and (8) is a reservoir for holding electrolyte. (a) of each number
The part marked with is the part where the battery reaction occurs, and the part (b) is the seal part, which is the part that has been treated to be air-impermeable.

次に動作について説明する。燃料流路（２）から供給さ
れた燃料は燃料電極（４Ｊで酸化され、水素イオンと電
子になり、水素イオンは電解質マトリクス（５）の反応
部分を移動し、酸化剤極（６）（こ到着し、酸化剤流路
（３）から供給される酸化剤と反応して水を生成する。Next, the operation will be explained. The fuel supplied from the fuel flow path (2) is oxidized to hydrogen ions and electrons at the fuel electrode (4J), and the hydrogen ions move through the reaction part of the electrolyte matrix (5) and reach the oxidizer electrode (6) (this It reacts with the oxidizing agent supplied from the oxidizing agent flow path (3) to produce water.

燃料電極（４）で生じた電子は外部負荷を経て酸化剤電
極（６）に流れここでの還元反応に寄与する中で外部負
荷において電気エネルギーとなる。Electrons generated at the fuel electrode (4) flow to the oxidizer electrode (6) via an external load and become electrical energy in the external load while contributing to the reduction reaction there.

この反応において、電解質マトリクス（５）は常に電解
質を保持している必要があり、そのために電解質溜めと
してのリザーバ（８）が設けられた。リザーバ（８）か
ら電解質マトリクス（５）への電解質の供給及びガスシ
ールのため、電極の周辺部分は電解質をしみこませるた
め親水性となるように処理がなされている。In this reaction, the electrolyte matrix (5) must always hold the electrolyte, and for this purpose a reservoir (8) was provided as an electrolyte reservoir. In order to supply the electrolyte from the reservoir (8) to the electrolyte matrix (5) and to seal the gas, the surrounding area of the electrode is treated to be hydrophilic in order to soak in the electrolyte.

従来の燃料電池は以上のように構成さｎているので、リ
ザーバ（８）直上の親水性の部分に電解質は移動するも
のの電解質マトリクス（５）への移動は電極周辺部分（
４ｂ）へいったん移動してから進むため、十分な量が行
なわれない欠点があり、ひいては燃料電池の長期の安定
な運転ができなくなる欠点力５あった。Since the conventional fuel cell is constructed as described above, the electrolyte moves to the hydrophilic area directly above the reservoir (8), but the electrolyte moves to the electrolyte matrix (5) only in the area around the electrode (
Since the process first moves to step 4b) and then proceeds, there is a drawback that a sufficient amount of fuel is not carried out, and as a result, long-term stable operation of the fuel cell becomes impossible.

この発明は上記のような従来のものの欠点を除去するた
めになされたもので、ガスシール機能を有する電極周辺
部分に対向するガス分離板部分（こリザーバを設けると
共に、上記リザーノ（に面する電極部分をガスシール機
能を有する上記電極周辺部分より親水性にすること番こ
より、リザーノ〈と電解質マトリクス間における電解質
の流通を促進し、電解質を有効にしかも十分な量を供給
することを目的としている。This invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional ones as described above, and includes a gas separation plate part (this reservoir) facing the electrode peripheral part having a gas sealing function, and an electrode facing the above-mentioned lisano. By making the area more hydrophilic than the area surrounding the electrode that has a gas sealing function, the purpose is to promote the flow of electrolyte between the electrode and the electrolyte matrix, and to make the electrolyte effective and supply a sufficient amount. .

以下、この発明の一実施例を図をもとに説明する。第２
図はこの発明による燃料電池の主にこの発明に関係する
部分を丁す断面図である。図において、（４〕、（６）
はそれぞれ燃料電極および酸化剤電極であり、厚さ４０
０〜５００μｍのカーボンペーパーに触媒層を塗布した
ものである。（４ｂ〕は燃料電極（４）の周辺部分で、
平均粒径１〜５μｍ程度の微細な炭化珪素粒子を充填し
てあり、ガスシール機能を有する。叫はこのガスシール
機能を有する燃料電極（４）の周辺部分（４ｂ）内の、
リザーバ（８）に面する部分で、平均粒径０．６〜１０
μｍ程度のより微細な炭化珪素を充填しである。（５）
は電解質マトリクスで平均粒径１μｍ程度の炭化珪素と
バインダであるポリテトラフルオロエチレンからなる。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Second
The figure is a sectional view showing mainly the parts related to the present invention of the fuel cell according to the present invention. In the figure, (4), (6)
are the fuel electrode and oxidizer electrode, respectively, and have a thickness of 40
A catalyst layer is coated on carbon paper having a thickness of 0 to 500 μm. (4b) is the peripheral part of the fuel electrode (4),
It is filled with fine silicon carbide particles with an average particle diameter of about 1 to 5 μm, and has a gas sealing function. The reason for this is that inside the peripheral part (4b) of the fuel electrode (4) having this gas sealing function,
In the part facing the reservoir (8), the average particle size is 0.6 to 10.
It is filled with finer silicon carbide on the order of μm. (5)
is an electrolyte matrix consisting of silicon carbide with an average particle size of about 1 μm and polytetrafluoroethylene as a binder.

その周辺部分（５ｂ）は中央部（５ａ）よりも平均粒径
の小さな、例えば０．６〜１．０μｍ程度の炭化珪素が
充填されている。The peripheral portion (5b) is filled with silicon carbide having a smaller average particle size than the central portion (5a), for example, about 0.6 to 1.0 μm.

また、リザーバ（８）は、ガスシール機能を自する電極
周辺部分〔４ｂ）に対向するガス分離板部分＋９１に設
けられており、フェルト等のリン酩保持利が入つている
。Further, the reservoir (8) is provided in the gas separation plate part +91 facing the electrode peripheral part [4b] which has a gas sealing function, and contains a phosphorus retainer such as felt.

次に動作について説明する。電解質は毛管現象にしたが
ってポアサイズの小さなものから大きなものへと移動す
る。リザーバ（８）に面する電極部分（ＩＱはガスシー
ル機能を有する電極周辺部分（４ｂ）ヨりも細かい炭化
珪素粒子で形成されているため、ｉｕγ質は上記電極部
分明へ優先的に移動し、さらにほぼ同一粒子径の炭化珪
素で形成されている電解質マトリクス周辺部分（５ｂ）
へ供給される。したがって、電解質マトリクス（５）の
リン酸保持を長期にオ）たって可能ならしめる。また、
電極周辺部分（４ｂ）は燃料電池組立て時に電解質を含
浸させガスシールの役目を果しているが、リザーバ（８
）に面する電極部分ＯＱという電解質補充層があるため
そのガスシール性はより信頼性の高いものとなる。さら
に、リザーバ（８）に面する電極部分明という空間的に
特定の部分を設けることにより、従来の場合に見られた
リザーバ（８〕内に貯蔵できる電解質量の制約あるいは
不十分さを補ない、リザーバ機能を有効に高度に効かし
ていることになる。Next, the operation will be explained. Electrolytes move from small to large pores according to capillary action. Since the electrode part facing the reservoir (8) (IQ is the electrode peripheral part (4b) having a gas sealing function) is made of finer silicon carbide particles, the iuγ substance preferentially migrates to the electrode part surface. , and a peripheral portion (5b) of the electrolyte matrix formed of silicon carbide having approximately the same particle size.
supplied to Therefore, it is possible to retain phosphoric acid in the electrolyte matrix (5) for a long period of time. Also,
The area around the electrode (4b) is impregnated with electrolyte and serves as a gas seal when assembling the fuel cell;
) Since there is an electrolyte replenishment layer called the electrode portion OQ facing the electrode portion OQ, its gas sealing property becomes more reliable. Furthermore, by providing a spatially specific portion of the electrode portion facing the reservoir (8), the limitation or insufficiency of the amount of electrolyte that can be stored in the reservoir (8) seen in the conventional case is compensated for. , this means that the reservoir function is highly effective.

なお、上記実施例においては燃料電極（４）に対向する
ガス分離板部分（９）にリザーバ（８）を、従ってリザ
ーバ（８）に面する゛ｍ極部分σ１も燃料電極（４）に
設けた場合についＣ説明したが、酸化剤電極（６）に対
向するガス分離板（υにリザーバ（８）をさらにこのリ
ザーバ（８）に面する酸化剤電極（６）に電極部分αＯ
を設けてもよい。In addition, in the above embodiment, the reservoir (8) is provided in the gas separation plate portion (9) facing the fuel electrode (4), and therefore the m-pole portion σ1 facing the reservoir (8) is also provided in the fuel electrode (4). As explained in C, a reservoir (8) is placed on the gas separation plate (υ) facing the oxidizer electrode (6), and an electrode portion αO is placed on the oxidizer electrode (6) facing this reservoir (8).
may be provided.

以上のように、この発明によれば、ガスシール機能を有
する電極周辺枠′・分に対向するガス分離板部分にリザ
ーバを設けると共に、上記リザーバに面する電極部分を
ガスシール機能を有する上記電極周辺部分より親水性に
したので、リザーバと電解質マトリクス間における電解
質の流通が促進でき、電解質を有効にしかも十分な量が
供給できる効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, a reservoir is provided in the gas separation plate portion facing the electrode peripheral frame having a gas sealing function, and the electrode portion facing the reservoir is connected to the electrode having a gas sealing function. Since the surrounding portion is made more hydrophilic, the flow of electrolyte between the reservoir and the electrolyte matrix can be promoted, and the effect is that the electrolyte can be supplied effectively and in a sufficient amount.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は従来の燃料電池の主要部を示す断面図、第２図
はこの発明による燃料電池の主要部を示す断面図である
。 図において、（旧よガス分離板、（４）は燃料電極。 （４ｂ）はガスシール機能を有する電極周辺部分、（５
）は電解質マトリク７．　、　＋６１は酸化剤電極、（
８）はリザーバ、（９）はガスシール機能を有する電極
周辺部分（４ｂ）に対向するガス分離板部分、αＯはリ
ザーバ（８）に面する電極部分である。 なお、囚中同−符号は同一または相当部分を示すものと
する。 代理人　葛野信− 第１図 ／　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　σ 第２図 手続補正書 特許庁長官殿 １、事件の表示　　　　士ｌ；Ｉｇｌｉ昭５７−１８６
５８４　号２、発明の名称 燃料１５Ｚ　ン也 ３、補正をする者 代表者片由仁へ部 ４、代理人 ５、ｆ４ｒＪ正の対象 明Ｍ！Ｉ書の発明の詳細な脱脂の欄 ６、　補正の内容 明細上第５頁第３行の「ポアサイズの小さｙＩものから
大きな」を「ポアサ・イズの大きなものから小さな」に
訂正する。 以上FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the main parts of a conventional fuel cell, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the main parts of a fuel cell according to the present invention. In the figure, (old gas separation plate, (4) is the fuel electrode, (4b) is the area around the electrode that has a gas sealing function, and (5) is the fuel electrode.
) is an electrolyte matrix7. , +61 is the oxidizer electrode, (
8) is a reservoir, (9) is a gas separation plate portion facing the electrode peripheral portion (4b) having a gas sealing function, and αO is an electrode portion facing the reservoir (8). Note that the same symbols in prisoners indicate the same or corresponding parts. Agent Makoto Kuzuno - Figure 1 / σ Figure 2 Procedural amendments Mr. Commissioner of the Patent Office 1, Indication of the case Mr. Igli; 1986-186
584 No. 2, Name of the invention Fuel 15Z Nya 3, Person making the amendment Representative Kata Yuhito Department 4, Agent 5, f4rJ Positive Subject Akira M! In Column 6, Detailed Degreasing of the Invention in Book I, on page 5, line 3 of the details of the amendment, "pore size from small to large" is corrected to "from large to small pore size". that's all

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）電解質リザーバを有するガス分離板、燃料電極、
電解質マトリクス及び酸化剤電極を順次積層して構成す
る燃料電池において、ガスシール機能を有する上記電極
周辺部分に対向する上記ガス分離板部分に上記リザーバ
を設けると共に、上記リザーバに面する電極部分をガス
シール機能を有する上記電極周辺部分より親水性にした
ことを特徴とする燃料電池。(1) Gas separation plate with electrolyte reservoir, fuel electrode,
In a fuel cell configured by sequentially stacking an electrolyte matrix and an oxidizer electrode, the reservoir is provided in the gas separation plate portion facing the peripheral portion of the electrode having a gas sealing function, and the electrode portion facing the reservoir is provided with a gas separation plate. A fuel cell characterized in that the peripheral portion of the electrode having a sealing function is made more hydrophilic. （２）ガスシール機能を有する電極周辺部分とリザーバ
に面する電極部分とで、充填する炭化珪素の粒径を違え
ることにより、親水性の度合を調節した特許請求の範囲
第１項記載の燃料電池。(2) The fuel according to claim 1, wherein the degree of hydrophilicity is adjusted by changing the particle size of the silicon carbide filled between the electrode peripheral part having a gas sealing function and the electrode part facing the reservoir. battery.
JP57186534A 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 Fuel cell Granted JPS5975568A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57186534A JPS5975568A (en) 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 Fuel cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57186534A JPS5975568A (en) 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 Fuel cell

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5975568A true JPS5975568A (en) 1984-04-28
JPS6253905B2 JPS6253905B2 (en) 1987-11-12

Family

ID=16190170

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57186534A Granted JPS5975568A (en) 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 Fuel cell

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5975568A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4978591A (en) * 1989-09-11 1990-12-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Corrosion free phosphoric acid fuel cell
KR20030008532A (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-01-29 한국에너지기술연구원 SiC slurry for electolytic matrix of phosphoric acid fuel cell, and its manufacturing method

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH055310U (en) * 1991-07-09 1993-01-26 大昭和精機株式会社 Dustproof seal and tool check using it
JPH055311U (en) * 1991-07-09 1993-01-26 大昭和精機株式会社 Tool check
JPH055312U (en) * 1991-07-09 1993-01-26 大昭和精機株式会社 Tool check

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4978591A (en) * 1989-09-11 1990-12-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Corrosion free phosphoric acid fuel cell
KR20030008532A (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-01-29 한국에너지기술연구원 SiC slurry for electolytic matrix of phosphoric acid fuel cell, and its manufacturing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6253905B2 (en) 1987-11-12

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