JPS5973893A - Device for firing discharge lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の利用分野〕 本発明は、放電灯点灯装置、特に定格ランプ電圧とほぼ
等しいかやや低い電源電圧で電極予熱形放電灯を直接点
灯させる装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a discharge lamp lighting device, and particularly to a device for directly lighting an electrode preheating type discharge lamp at a power supply voltage that is approximately equal to or slightly lower than the rated lamp voltage.

〔発明の背景〕[Background of the invention]

近年、低電圧電源（たとえば１００Ｖ商用電源）で定格
う／ブ電圧か電源電圧に近い放電灯（たとえは定格ラン
プ電圧１０５　Ｖの４０Ｗけい光灯）の直接点灯を可能
にするため、電源電圧の各半サイクル中所定の期間放電
灯を短絡し、その後開放するスイッチ回路を用い、上、
記スイッチ回路の短絡時に流れる電流によって安定器の
インタフタンスに電磁エネルギーを蓄積し、上記スイッ
チ回路の開放時にこの電磁エネルギーを電源からの入力
に重畳して放電灯に印加する方式か開発されている。In recent years, in order to enable direct lighting of discharge lamps (for example, 40W fluorescent lamps with a rated lamp voltage of 105 V) that are close to the rated lamp voltage or power supply voltage using a low-voltage power supply (for example, 100V commercial power supply), the power supply voltage has been increased. Using a switch circuit that shorts the discharge lamp for a predetermined period during each half cycle and then opens it,
A method has been developed in which electromagnetic energy is accumulated in the ballast interface by the current flowing when the switch circuit is short-circuited, and when the switch circuit is opened, this electromagnetic energy is superimposed on the input from the power supply and applied to the discharge lamp. .

この種点灯装置において、放電灯の始動および再点灯を
補助するため電極加熱用トランスを用いる場合、放電灯
電極に印加される電極加熱用トランスの出力電圧を、電
源から安定器を通して放電灯の電源側端子間に印加され
る電圧に対してとのような極性に選定すべきかという問
題が生ずる。In this type of lighting device, when an electrode heating transformer is used to assist in starting and relighting the discharge lamp, the output voltage of the electrode heating transformer applied to the discharge lamp electrode is passed from the power supply to the discharge lamp power supply through a ballast. The question arises as to whether the polarity should be chosen as for the voltage applied between the side terminals.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明はこの問題に関し、この種点灯装置の特殊性を考
慮して放電灯の電源側端子電圧に対する電極加熱用トラ
ンスの出力電圧の極性を適切に選定することにより２点
灯回路の電気的特性を改善し、かつ安定器を小形化する
ことを目的とする。The present invention solves this problem by appropriately selecting the polarity of the output voltage of the electrode heating transformer with respect to the power supply side terminal voltage of the discharge lamp, taking into consideration the special characteristics of this type of lighting device, thereby improving the electrical characteristics of the two lighting circuits. The purpose is to improve the ballast and downsize the ballast.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

本発明は、交流電源と誘導性安定器と電極予熱形放電灯
を直列接続した主回路と、上記放電灯に並列接続したス
イッチ回路と、放電灯電極加熱用トランスを備え、上記
スイッチ回路か電源電圧の各半サイクル中所定の期間導
通し、その後開放する動作を行なうように構成されてい
る放電灯点灯装置において、上記電極加熱用トランスの
二次巻線を、その出力電圧が上記放電灯の電源側端子間
に印加される電圧に対して減極性となるように放電灯各
電極に接続したことを特徴としている。The present invention comprises a main circuit in which an AC power supply, an inductive ballast, and an electrode preheating type discharge lamp are connected in series, a switch circuit connected in parallel to the discharge lamp, and a transformer for heating the discharge lamp electrode. In a discharge lamp lighting device configured to conduct for a predetermined period of time during each half cycle of voltage and then open, the secondary winding of the electrode heating transformer is connected to the secondary winding of the electrode heating transformer such that the output voltage of the discharge lamp is It is characterized in that it is connected to each electrode of the discharge lamp so as to have a depolarizing property with respect to the voltage applied between the power supply side terminals.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

以下１図面を用いて詳細に説明する。第１図は本発明に
よる放電灯点灯装置の一実施例図で、交流電源１と誘導
性安定器２と電極予熱形放電灯（けい光灯）３を直列接
続した主回路と、放電灯３に並列接続したスイッチ回路
４と、放電灯電極加熱用トランス５から構成されている
。本実施例は放電灯３を２打直列接卜した例で、電極加
熱用トランス５の二次巻線出力端子ａ　−ｆは同符号の
放電灯電極端子ａ　−ｆにそれぞれ接続されている。A detailed explanation will be given below using one drawing. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a discharge lamp lighting device according to the present invention. It is composed of a switch circuit 4 connected in parallel to a switch circuit 4, and a discharge lamp electrode heating transformer 5. This embodiment is an example in which two discharge lamps 3 are connected in series, and the secondary winding output terminals a to f of the electrode heating transformer 5 are respectively connected to discharge lamp electrode terminals a to f having the same symbols.

無負荷時における放電灯の電源側端子ａ−ｆ間電圧電圧
か定格ランプ電圧よりも高い通常の点灯回路では、電極
加熱用トランス５の二次巻線は。In a normal lighting circuit where the voltage between the power supply side terminals a and f of the discharge lamp under no load is higher than the rated lamp voltage, the secondary winding of the electrode heating transformer 5 is.

この図とは逆にその出力電圧ｖｆか放電灯の電源側端子
ａ−ｆ間電圧電圧して加算になるような極性（加極性と
いう）に接続される。すなわち２図示の回路で放電灯の
非電源側端子ｌ）・０間電圧かＶ２＋２Ｖｒになるよう
にしている。その理由は１通常の点灯回路では実質的な
放電灯の無負□荷端子電圧を高くとる方が放電の安定維
持のために有利であり、また一般に電極加熱用トランス
を用いる点灯回路では、電源電圧を昇圧して放電灯に印
加する場合が多く、電極加熱用トランスの二次巻線を加
極性に接続することにより、昇圧トランスの昇圧比をそ
の分小さくできるからである。Contrary to this figure, the output voltage vf is connected to the polarity (referred to as additive polarity) such that the voltage between the power supply side terminals a and f of the discharge lamp is added. That is, the circuit shown in Figure 2 is designed to set the voltage between the discharge lamp's non-power supply side terminal l) and 0 to V2+2Vr. The reason for this is 1. In a normal lighting circuit, it is advantageous to maintain a high voltage at the no-load terminal of the discharge lamp in order to maintain stable discharge, and in a lighting circuit that uses an electrode heating transformer, This is because the voltage is often boosted and applied to the discharge lamp, and by connecting the secondary winding of the electrode heating transformer in a positive polarity, the step-up ratio of the step-up transformer can be reduced accordingly.

しかし２本発明者らの研究によれば、電源電圧の各半サ
イクル中所定の期間放電灯を短絡し、その後開放するス
イッチ回路４を用い、低電圧電源で放電灯を直接点灯さ
せる場合には、上記のような電極加熱用トランスの二次
巻線を加極性に接続するメリットはなく、むしろ電極加
熱用トランスの出力電圧Ｖｒが放電灯の電源側端子ａ・
１間電圧に対して減算になるような極性（減極性という
）とした方が回路特性上望ましい結果が得られることが
判明した。However, according to research by the inventors of the present invention, it is possible to directly light a discharge lamp with a low-voltage power supply using a switch circuit 4 that short-circuits the discharge lamp for a predetermined period during each half cycle of the power supply voltage and then opens the discharge lamp. , there is no advantage in connecting the secondary winding of the electrode heating transformer in a positive polarity, rather the output voltage Vr of the electrode heating transformer is connected to the power supply side terminal a of the discharge lamp.
It has been found that desirable results in terms of circuit characteristics can be obtained by setting the polarity to be subtractive with respect to the voltage between 1 and 2 (referred to as depolarization).

第１図に示すように、電極加熱用トランス５の二次巻線
出力端子；ａ−ｆを同符号の電極端子ａ〜ｆに接続する
と、放電灯の電源側端子ａ・１゛間電圧Ｖ２に対して、
非電源側端子ｂ−ｅ間電圧電圧２−２Ｖｒとなる。図示
の回路で１両放電灯の共通電極端子ｃ−ｄ間の電圧の極
性はどちらに選んでも点灯回路の作動には影響がない。As shown in FIG. 1, when the secondary winding output terminals a to f of the electrode heating transformer 5 are connected to the electrode terminals a to f having the same symbols, the voltage V2 between the power supply side terminals a and 1 of the discharge lamp is For,
The voltage between the non-power supply side terminals b and e becomes 2-2Vr. In the illustrated circuit, whichever polarity of the voltage between the common electrode terminals c and d of one discharge lamp is selected has no effect on the operation of the lighting circuit.

次に９本装置に用いるスイッチ回路４の一例を第２図に
よって説明する。このスイッチ回路にはゲートター乙！
フ特性を有するサイリスタ６がスイッチ要素として用い
られており、交流スイッチとするため全波整流器７を介
して端子Ａ−Ｂ間に接続されている。サイリスタ６のカ
ソード端には抵抗８．タイオート９．コンデンサ１０の
直並列回路か接続され、ケート端には通常のサイリスタ
１１が接続される。抵抗１２．１３．１４はサイリスタ
１１のゲートトリ力回路を構成し、抵抗１５はサイリス
タ６のケートトリカ回路を構成する。Next, an example of the switch circuit 4 used in this apparatus will be explained with reference to FIG. There is a gateter in this switch circuit!
A thyristor 6 having a low characteristic is used as a switching element, and is connected between terminals A and B via a full-wave rectifier 7 to function as an AC switch. A resistor 8 is connected to the cathode end of the thyristor 6. Thai auto9. A series-parallel circuit of capacitors 10 is connected, and a normal thyristor 11 is connected to the gate end. Resistors 12, 13, and 14 constitute a gate trigger circuit for thyristor 11, and resistor 15 constitutes a gate trigger circuit for thyristor 6.

いま、サイリスタ６か非導通てサイリスタ１１が導通し
ていれば、抵抗１５に電流か流れてもサイリスタ６はタ
ーンオンしない。サイリスタ１１の導通は抵抗１５の電
流で保持される。放電灯３のランプ電流がセロになって
端子Ａ−Ｂ間の電圧がなくなると、抵抗１５の電流はセ
ロとなり、サイリスタ１１がターンオフする。次に電圧
が端子Ａ−Ｂ間に加わると、サイリスタ６のゲート・カ
ソード間は開放になっているので、ただちにサイリスタ
６がターンオンする。これによって端子Ａ−Ｂ間電圧は
十分小さくなるため、サイリスタ１１はターンオンしな
い。サイリスタ６の導通により電流が端子Ａ・８間に流
れ、抵抗８の両端間に生じる電圧が−定の大きさになる
と、抵抗１２に流れる電流によりサイリスタ１１かター
ンオンする。コンデンサ１０の電荷は急には放電しない
ため、サイリスタ６のカソード電位はゲート電位より高
くなり一層　サイリスタ６はそのゲートターンオフ特性
により急速にターンオフし、Ａ−Ｂ開電流を実質的にし
ゃ断するその際、第１図に示した安定器２に生じる起電
力により放電灯３が点灯する。すると、端子Ａ−Ｂ間に
ランプ電圧Ｖｚ　（厳密にいえばＶｚ−２Ｖｒ）か発生
するため、抵抗１５に電流が流れサイリスタ１１の導通
を維持する。以上の動作が繰返され、スイッチ回路４は
、常にランプ電圧がゼロになってからスイッチオンし、
スイッチ通電電流が所定の値に達したときにスイッチオ
フする動作を行なう。If thyristor 6 is non-conducting and thyristor 11 is conducting, thyristor 6 will not turn on even if current flows through resistor 15. The conduction of the thyristor 11 is maintained by the current flowing through the resistor 15. When the lamp current of the discharge lamp 3 becomes zero and the voltage between terminals A and B disappears, the current of the resistor 15 becomes zero and the thyristor 11 is turned off. Next, when a voltage is applied between terminals A and B, since the gate and cathode of thyristor 6 are open, thyristor 6 is immediately turned on. As a result, the voltage between terminals A and B becomes sufficiently small, so that the thyristor 11 is not turned on. When the thyristor 6 becomes conductive, a current flows between the terminals A and 8, and when the voltage generated across the resistor 8 reaches a constant level, the thyristor 11 is turned on by the current flowing through the resistor 12. Since the charge in the capacitor 10 is not suddenly discharged, the cathode potential of the thyristor 6 becomes higher than the gate potential, and the thyristor 6 rapidly turns off due to its gate turn-off characteristic, substantially cutting off the A-B open current. , the discharge lamp 3 is lit by the electromotive force generated in the ballast 2 shown in FIG. Then, a lamp voltage Vz (strictly speaking, Vz-2Vr) is generated between the terminals A and B, and current flows through the resistor 15 to maintain conduction of the thyristor 11. The above operation is repeated, and the switch circuit 4 always switches on after the lamp voltage becomes zero.
When the switch current reaches a predetermined value, the switch is turned off.

上記スイッチ回路を用いた点灯回路の電源電圧Ｖ１．ラ
ンプ電圧Ｖｔ、入力電流■１の波形を第３図に示す。こ
の場合、放電灯３の定格ランプ電圧は電源電圧より大で
あっても、実際には半サイクルごとに不点灯期間（スイ
ッチ回路による短絡期間）があるため、ランプ電圧の実
効値は電源電圧の実効値よりも小さい。点灯時に電源側
端子ａ−ｆ間電圧電圧電源側端子ｂ−ｅ間電圧電圧ち大
きい方がランプ電圧となるので、第１図の回路では電源
側端子ａ・１間電圧かランプ電圧Ｖｔとなり、安定器印
加電圧■Ｌは◇＋−Ｖｔとなる。一方、電極加熱用トラ
ンス５の二次巻線を加極性に接続した場合には、非電源
側端子ｂ−ｅ間電圧電圧ンプ電圧Ｖｔとなるので、※１
−（※ｔ−２※ｆ）か安定器印加電圧となる。すなわち
、第２図に示すようなスイッチ回路を用いた点灯回路で
は、電極加熱用トランス５の二次巻線をその出力電圧が
放電灯の電源側端子ａ−ｆ間電圧電圧し減極性となるよ
うに接続した方か安定器印加電圧は小となり、それたけ
安定器を小形化できることになる。また、安定器印加電
圧が小さくなることで点灯回路の入力力率が良くなり、
無効電流による回路損失（主として安定器の銅損と鉄損
）も低減する。Power supply voltage V1 of the lighting circuit using the above switch circuit. The waveforms of the lamp voltage Vt and the input current 1 are shown in FIG. In this case, even if the rated lamp voltage of the discharge lamp 3 is higher than the power supply voltage, there is actually a non-lighting period (short-circuit period due to the switch circuit) every half cycle, so the effective value of the lamp voltage is higher than the power supply voltage. smaller than the effective value. When lighting, the voltage between the power supply terminals a and f and the voltage between the power supply terminals b and e, whichever is larger, becomes the lamp voltage, so in the circuit shown in Figure 1, the voltage between the power supply terminals a and 1 or the lamp voltage Vt, The voltage applied to the ballast ■L becomes ◇+-Vt. On the other hand, when the secondary winding of the electrode heating transformer 5 is connected in a positive polarity, the voltage between the non-power supply side terminals b and e becomes the voltage amplifier voltage Vt, so *1
-(*t-2*f) or the voltage applied to the ballast. That is, in a lighting circuit using a switch circuit as shown in FIG. 2, the output voltage of the secondary winding of the electrode heating transformer 5 becomes the voltage between the power supply side terminals a and f of the discharge lamp, resulting in depolarization. If the ballast is connected in this way, the voltage applied to the ballast will be smaller, and the ballast can be made smaller. In addition, by reducing the voltage applied to the ballast, the input power factor of the lighting circuit improves.
Circuit loss due to reactive current (mainly ballast copper loss and iron loss) is also reduced.

特性改善効果の実測例を次表に示す。この例は電源電圧
を交流２００　Ｖ　、　　電極加熱用トランスの出力電
圧（１巻線当り）を４■とし、４０Ｗけい光灯（ＦＬＲ
−’４０　）を２打直列点灯させた場合で、放電電力が
２灯合計７８Ｗになるようにスイッチ回路の動作を規制
している。The table below shows an example of actual measurement of the characteristic improvement effect. In this example, the power supply voltage is 200 V AC, the output voltage (per winding) of the electrode heating transformer is 4 ■, and a 40 W fluorescent lamp (FLR) is used.
The operation of the switch circuit is regulated so that when two lamps ('40) are lit in series, the discharge power is 78W in total for the two lamps.

図示の点灯回路では、スイッチ回路４の導通時に安定器
２に蓄積される電磁エネルギーはＬ１２に比例するので
、安定器のインダクタンスＬを小さくしてもスイッチ通
電電流■を若干大きく設定することで所要の放電電力は
十分確保できる。In the illustrated lighting circuit, the electromagnetic energy accumulated in the ballast 2 when the switch circuit 4 is conductive is proportional to L12, so even if the inductance L of the ballast is small, the switch energizing current ■ can be set slightly larger to reduce the amount of energy required. Sufficient discharge power can be secured.

なお２図には２打直列点灯回路を示したか、１灯用回路
でも同様な効果があり、また電極加熱用トランス５の一
次巻線を電源端子間に接続する代わりに放電灯と並列に
接続しても、この効果は変わらない。Note that Figure 2 shows a 2-stroke series lighting circuit, but the same effect can be achieved with a single-lamp circuit, and instead of connecting the primary winding of the electrode heating transformer 5 between the power terminals, it is connected in parallel with the discharge lamp. However, this effect remains the same.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上説明したように本発明では、放電灯の電源側端子電
圧に対する電極加熱用トランスの出力電圧の適切な極性
選定により、この種点灯装置の入力力率１回路損失等の
特性を改善し、安定器を一層小形化できるという効果か
得られる。As explained above, in the present invention, by appropriately selecting the polarity of the output voltage of the electrode heating transformer with respect to the power supply side terminal voltage of the discharge lamp, characteristics such as input power factor 1 circuit loss of this type of lighting device are improved and stabilized. This has the effect of making the container even more compact.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明による放電灯点灯装置の一実施例の回路
図、第２図はその要部回路図、第３図は第］同各部の電
圧、電流波形図である。 １・・・交流電源　　　　　２・・・誘導性安定器３・
・・電極子熱形放電灯　４・・・スイッチ回路５・・放
電灯電極加熱用トランス 復代理人弁理士　中村純之助FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a discharge lamp lighting device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of its main parts, and FIG. 3 is a voltage and current waveform diagram of each part. 1... AC power supply 2... Inductive ballast 3.
...Electrode thermal discharge lamp 4...Switch circuit 5...Discharge lamp electrode heating transformer Sub-representative patent attorney Junnosuke Nakamura

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 交流電源と誘導性安定器と電極予熱形放電灯を直列接続
した主回路と、上記放電灯に並列接続したスイッチ回路
と、放電灯電極加熱用トランスを備え、上記スイッチ回
路が電源電圧の各半サイクル中所定の期間導通し、その
後開放する動作を行なうように構成されている放電灯点
灯装置において、上記電極加熱用トランスの二次巻線を
、その出力電圧が上記放電灯の電源側端子間に印加され
る電圧に対して減極性となるように放電灯各電極に接続
したことを特徴とする放電灯点灯装置。It is equipped with a main circuit in which an AC power source, an inductive ballast, and an electrode preheating type discharge lamp are connected in series, a switch circuit connected in parallel to the discharge lamp, and a transformer for heating the discharge lamp electrode. In a discharge lamp lighting device that is configured to conduct for a predetermined period of time during a cycle and then open, the secondary winding of the electrode heating transformer is connected so that its output voltage is between the power supply side terminals of the discharge lamp. 1. A discharge lamp lighting device, characterized in that the discharge lamp is connected to each electrode so as to have depolarization with respect to a voltage applied to the discharge lamp.