JPS5970924A - Vibration sensor - Google Patents

Vibration sensor

Info

Publication number
JPS5970924A
JPS5970924A JP57180736A JP18073682A JPS5970924A JP S5970924 A JPS5970924 A JP S5970924A JP 57180736 A JP57180736 A JP 57180736A JP 18073682 A JP18073682 A JP 18073682A JP S5970924 A JPS5970924 A JP S5970924A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
vibrator
slit
vibration
piezoelectric vibrator
flex
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP57180736A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tetsuji Fukada
深田 哲司
Yukihiko Ise
伊勢 悠紀彦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP57180736A priority Critical patent/JPS5970924A/en
Priority to EP83107244A priority patent/EP0100501B1/en
Priority to DE8383107244T priority patent/DE3379175D1/en
Publication of JPS5970924A publication Critical patent/JPS5970924A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01HMEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H11/00Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
    • G01H11/06Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
    • G01H11/08Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01HMEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H13/00Measuring resonant frequency

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stably detect elastic vibration in a vibrated object, by locally providing a vibrator with a flex vibration mode of which the surface distortion factor of the vibration part becomes uniform in a piezoelectric vibrator formed by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric elements. CONSTITUTION:Disc shape piezoelectric elements 5, 6 are adhered through electrodes 5a', 6a' in an electrically connected state. Thus laminated piezoelectric vibrator is partially pierced and cut in such a shape that the vibration part area of a flex vibrator for detecting vibration is made proportional to surface distortion factor by using the melt cutting apparatus of a laser processing machine to form a slit 7. In the next step, an upper electrode 5a is provided to the part surrounded by the slit on the upper surface thereof while a bottom surface electrode 6a is provided over a range from the part surrounded by the slit 7 to the peripheral edge on the under surface thereof. If the part to be supported is set within the range from the circumference of the slit 7 to the outer periphery of the laminated piezoelectric vibrator, the part surrounded by the slit 7 functions as a flex vibration mode, the so called cantilevered beam type vibrator.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は振動物体における弾性振動を検出するのに適し
た共振型振動センサ、特に所定の周波数について検出感
度の優れた共振型振動センサに関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a resonant vibration sensor suitable for detecting elastic vibrations in a vibrating object, and particularly to a resonant vibration sensor with excellent detection sensitivity for a predetermined frequency. .

従来例の構成とその問題点 従来、振動物体における弾性振動を検出するた凛 めのセンサとして、微動物体の固有振動数に共振周波数
を合致させた屈曲振動モードの片持ちはり構造の矩形状
バイモルフ圧電振動子がよく知られている。矩形はその
形状が単純なだめ、精度よく作製することができ、振動
モードの解析および取扱いが容易であるという利点を有
している。
Conventional configuration and its problems Traditionally, a rectangular bimorph with a cantilevered structure in a bending vibration mode whose resonant frequency matches the natural frequency of a microscopic object has been used as a sophisticated sensor for detecting elastic vibrations in a vibrating object. Piezoelectric vibrators are well known. A rectangular shape has the advantage that it has a simple shape, can be manufactured with high precision, and is easy to analyze and handle vibration modes.

しかしながら、矩形状バイモルフ圧電振動子の共振周波
数を安定にさせるためには、その固定条件を安定なもの
としなければならないか、実際には機械的にあるいは温
度変化等により発生する応力により金属等の支持部材て
支持固定している部分にずれが生じ、安定な固定条件を
得ることがむずかしい。また、製造工程においても、部
品の寸法誤差あるいは組立誤差によって所定の共振周波
数にばらつきが生じるため、所定の共振周波数に合致さ
せる調理作業が必要となる。そのため、振動部分の長さ
を切削等により適宜調整するという複雑な作業を必要と
し、かつそれに要する時間も長いという問題がある。ま
だ、共振周波数調整のだめに振動部分の先端を切削する
場合、先端に過大な力が印加されると表面歪率の大きい
支持部分で振動子の破損を生じるととになる。さらに、
振動子全体に不注意等によって大きな力が印加された場
合にも、支持部分で振動子の破損を生じるといった欠点
を有していた。
However, in order to stabilize the resonant frequency of a rectangular bimorph piezoelectric vibrator, the fixing conditions must be stable, or in reality, stress caused by mechanical or temperature changes etc. The portion supported and fixed by the support member may shift, making it difficult to obtain stable fixing conditions. Further, in the manufacturing process, variations occur in the predetermined resonance frequency due to dimensional errors or assembly errors of the parts, so a cooking operation is required to match the predetermined resonance frequency. Therefore, there is a problem in that the length of the vibrating portion needs to be adjusted appropriately by cutting or the like, which is a complicated operation, and also takes a long time. However, if the tip of the vibrating part is cut off in order to adjust the resonance frequency, if excessive force is applied to the tip, the vibrator may be damaged at the supporting part where the surface strain is high. moreover,
Even if a large force is inadvertently applied to the entire vibrator, the vibrator may be damaged at the supporting portion.

発明の目的 本発明は、従来の共振型振動センサにあった問題点を解
決し、振動物体において安定に弾性振動を検出すること
ができる振動センサを提供することを目的とする。
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration sensor capable of solving the problems of conventional resonance type vibration sensors and stably detecting elastic vibrations in a vibrating object.

発明の構成 本発明は、複数枚の圧電素子を貼り合わせた圧電振動子
に、振動部分の表面ひずみ率が一様となる屈曲振動モー
ドの振動子を局在させることによって、上記目的を実現
したものである。
Structure of the Invention The present invention achieves the above object by localizing a flexural vibration mode vibrator in which the surface strain rate of the vibrating part is uniform in a piezoelectric vibrator made of a plurality of piezoelectric elements bonded together. It is something.

実施例の説明 以下、本発明の実施例について、図面を用いて詳細に説
明する。
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

まず、第1図および第2図を用いて、その原理から説明
する。
First, the principle will be explained using FIGS. 1 and 2.

第1図は片持ちはり構造の矩形状バイモルフ圧電振動子
を示した斜視図である。これは、矩形状圧電素子1,2
の電極同士を、電気的に導通した状態で貼り合わせ、支
持部材3で一端を支持固定した構造をしている。振動に
よって発生した出力電圧は端子4a、4b間から取り出
される。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a rectangular bimorph piezoelectric vibrator having a cantilever structure. This is a rectangular piezoelectric element 1, 2
The electrodes are bonded together in an electrically conductive state, and one end is supported and fixed by a support member 3. The output voltage generated by the vibration is taken out between the terminals 4a and 4b.

第2図の実線は振動子を用いて振動物体から振動を検知
する場合の振動部分(第1図に示した長手力向O−+1
での部分)での表面ひずみ率を表わしたもものである。
The solid line in Figure 2 indicates the vibration part when detecting vibration from a vibrating object using a vibrator (longitudinal force direction O-+1 shown in Figure 1).
This figure shows the surface strain rate at .

これより支持部での表面ひずみ率が最大となっているこ
とがわかる。っ寸り、振動子に過大な力が印加されたと
きにもっとも破1ノ]シやすいのが支持部である。振動
部の厚さをTとずれは、共振周波数Fr はT/42に
比例するので、T、lの値を選ぶことによって設定でき
る。
It can be seen from this that the surface strain rate at the support portion is maximum. The support part is the part that is most likely to break when excessive force is applied to the vibrator. The difference between the thickness of the vibrating part and T can be set by selecting the values of T and l, since the resonance frequency Fr is proportional to T/42.

第3図はこのような原理を具体化した本発明の一実施例
の要部を示す。なお、同図(a)は上面図、同図(b)
は断面図、同図(c)図は底面図である。図に示すよう
に、円板状圧電素子5,6が電極E5a’、6a’で電
気的に接続された状態で接着されている。このような構
造の貼り合わせ圧電振動子を、レーザ加工機等の溶融切
断装置を用いて、振動を検知する屈曲振動子の振動部面
積を第2図に示した表面ひずみ率に比例させた形で部分
的に貫通切削し、スリット7を形成する。そして、その
上面においては、同図(a)に示すようにスリット7で
囲まれた部分に上面電極5aを設け、下面においては、
同図(C)に示すよにスリット7で囲まれた部分から周
縁までの部分に底面電極6aが形成されている。
FIG. 3 shows a main part of an embodiment of the present invention embodying such a principle. Note that (a) is a top view, and (b) is a top view.
is a cross-sectional view, and the figure (c) is a bottom view. As shown in the figure, disc-shaped piezoelectric elements 5 and 6 are bonded together while being electrically connected through electrodes E5a' and 6a'. A laminated piezoelectric vibrator having such a structure is cut into a shape in which the area of the vibrating part of the bending vibrator that detects vibration is made proportional to the surface strain rate shown in Figure 2 using a melt cutting device such as a laser processing machine. The slit 7 is formed by partially cutting through the hole. On the upper surface, an upper surface electrode 5a is provided in a portion surrounded by the slit 7, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2C, a bottom electrode 6a is formed in a portion from the portion surrounded by the slit 7 to the peripheral edge.

貼り合わせ圧電振動子のスリット7周辺から外周までの
範囲内で被支持部を設定ずれは、スリット7で囲まれた
部分は屈曲振動モードのいわゆる片持ちはり型振動子と
して機能する。前述したごとく振動部面積を第2図に示
しだひずみ率に比例させているため、振動部分の表面ひ
ずみ率は一様となる。つまり振動部全体に力が印加され
た場合、支持部分での破損を従来の矩形状のものに比べ
て防ぐことができ、またひずみ率が一様であるため、長
期間にわたって特性が安定化される。
If the supported portion is misaligned within the range from the periphery of the slit 7 to the outer periphery of the bonded piezoelectric vibrator, the portion surrounded by the slit 7 functions as a so-called cantilever type vibrator in a bending vibration mode. As mentioned above, since the area of the vibrating part is made proportional to the strain rate shown in FIG. 2, the surface strain rate of the vibrating part is uniform. In other words, when force is applied to the entire vibrating part, damage to the supporting part can be prevented compared to conventional rectangular parts, and since the strain rate is uniform, the characteristics are stabilized over a long period of time. Ru.

捷だ、貼り合わせ圧電振動子中に、屈曲振動モードの振
動子を局在させたため、支持部分の変化に対して屈曲振
動子の共振周波数は安定である。
Since the bending vibration mode vibrator is localized in the bonded piezoelectric vibrator, the resonance frequency of the bending vibrator is stable despite changes in the supporting part.

したがって、機械的あるいは温度変化等により発生する
応力によって支持部材で支持している部分がずれるとい
った変化に対して屈曲振動子の共振周波数(d安定であ
る。また、支持部材の取り付は位置を厳密に選定する必
要かなく、組立てか簡単である。さらに、貼り合わぜ圧
電振動子中に屈曲振動子を局在させているだめ、従来の
片持ちはり型振動子の振動部分のような凸部がなく、不
注意による素子の破損を防止できる。捷だ屈曲振動子の
共振周波数調整は、レーザ加工機による振動部のトリミ
ングで簡単に行なうことができ、この方法は、従来のよ
うな部分研摩と異なり、生産性か非常に高い。
Therefore, the resonant frequency (d) of the flexural vibrator is stable against changes such as displacement of the part supported by the support member due to stress caused by mechanical or temperature changes. There is no need for strict selection, and assembly is easy.Furthermore, since the bending vibrator is localized in the bonded piezoelectric vibrator, it has no convexity like the vibrating part of a conventional cantilever type vibrator. There are no parts, which prevents damage to the element due to carelessness.Adjustment of the resonance frequency of the twisted flexural vibrator can be easily done by trimming the vibrating part with a laser processing machine. Unlike polishing, productivity is extremely high.

ところで、レーザ加工機等の工作機械には数値制御器が
広く用いられるが、直線と円弧補間の加工しか行なえず
、任意曲線の加工には相当複雑なプログラムを必要とす
る場合がある。このような場合には、第2図の破線で示
すように表面ひずみ率曲線を近イυさせて屈曲振動子を
作製ずれは、従来の矩形板に比べて表面ひずみ率の一様
化が図れる。す々わぢ、上述の圧電振動子ではスリット
7が二つの弧で構成されているが、それぞれを直線状と
して近似させても、表面ひずみ率を実質的に一様なもの
とすることができる。
By the way, numerical controllers are widely used in machine tools such as laser processing machines, but they can only perform linear and circular interpolation processing, and processing arbitrary curves may require quite complex programs. In such a case, as shown by the broken line in Figure 2, a bending vibrator is created by bringing the surface strain rate curve closer to υ. . In the piezoelectric vibrator described above, the slit 7 is composed of two arcs, but even if each is approximated as a straight line, the surface strain rate can be made substantially uniform. .

第4図(a)は上述の圧電振動子を使用した振動センサ
の構成部品斜視図であゃ、同図(b)はその断面図であ
る。図において、8は圧電振動子の金属製片側支持部材
で、振動物体に取り付けるねじ部11を有する。他方の
支持部材9を、締付は部材1゜によって貼り合わせ圧電
振動子中の屈曲振動子周辺を締付け、前記貼り合わせ圧
電振動子を支持固定する。屈曲振動子の底面電極6aが
支持部材8で支持固定されているため、支持部材8とは
電気的導通が図られ、屈曲振動子の出力端子の一つとし
て支持部材8を使われる。他方の出力端子として屈曲振
動子の上面電極6aが使われ、リード線12で取り出さ
れている。
FIG. 4(a) is a perspective view of the components of a vibration sensor using the above-mentioned piezoelectric vibrator, and FIG. 4(b) is a sectional view thereof. In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a metal one-sided support member for the piezoelectric vibrator, which has a threaded portion 11 for attachment to the vibrating object. The other supporting member 9 is tightened around the bending vibrator in the bonded piezoelectric vibrator using the member 1° to support and fix the bonded piezoelectric vibrator. Since the bottom electrode 6a of the bending vibrator is supported and fixed by the support member 8, electrical continuity is established with the support member 8, and the support member 8 is used as one of the output terminals of the bending vibrator. The upper surface electrode 6a of the bending vibrator is used as the other output terminal, and is taken out with a lead wire 12.

また、屈曲振動子の周辺を支持固定することにより安定
な共振周波数が得られることから、貼り合わせ圧電振動
子中に、表面ひずみ率が一様となるように構成された屈
曲振動子を複数個局在させ、複数個の屈曲振動子の周辺
を支持固定すると々によって、安定な共振周波数を得る
ことかできる。
In addition, since a stable resonance frequency can be obtained by supporting and fixing the periphery of the bending vibrator, multiple bending vibrators configured to have a uniform surface strain rate are included in the bonded piezoelectric vibrator. By localizing and supporting and fixing the periphery of a plurality of bending vibrators, a stable resonance frequency can be obtained.

そして、屈曲振動子の共振周波数を同一としあるいは異
ならせることにより所定周波数での検出感度の増大、あ
るいは相関等がより優れたものとなる。
By making the resonance frequencies of the bending vibrators the same or different, the detection sensitivity at a predetermined frequency can be increased or the correlation can be made more excellent.

発明の効果 以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、屈曲
振動子を貼り合わせ圧電振動子中に局在させたため共振
周波数の安定化が図られるとともに、屈曲振動子の表面
ひずみ率か一様であるため、支持部分での破損が防止さ
れ、かつ長期間にわたって安定な特性が得られるという
特徴が得られる。
Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, since the bending vibrator is localized in the bonded piezoelectric vibrator, the resonance frequency can be stabilized, and the surface strain rate of the bending vibrator can be reduced. Since the structure is uniform, damage to the supporting portion is prevented and stable characteristics can be obtained over a long period of time.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は、片持ちはり型構造のバイモルフ振動子を示す
斜視図、第2図は第1図のバイモルフ振動子の振動部の
長さ方向に対する表面ひずみ率を表わす特性図、第3図
(a)は本発明の振動センサの一実施例で使われる貼シ
合わせ圧電振動子を示す上面図、同図Φ)はその縦断面
図、同図(c)はその底面図、第4図(a)は前記実施
例の分解斜視図、同図(b)は断面図である。 5.6・・・・・・円板状圧電素子、5a、5a’、6
a。 6 a’・・・・・・電極。 代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 はが1名1 第1図 第 3 図 (tL) a 第4図 (α2 第4図
Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a bimorph resonator with a cantilever structure, Figure 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the surface strain rate in the longitudinal direction of the vibrating part of the bimorph resonator in Figure 1, and Figure 3 ( a) is a top view showing a laminated piezoelectric vibrator used in an embodiment of the vibration sensor of the present invention, FIG. Figure a) is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment, and figure (b) is a sectional view. 5.6...Disc-shaped piezoelectric element, 5a, 5a', 6
a. 6 a'... Electrode. Name of agent Patent attorney Toshio Nakao 1 person 1 Figure 1 Figure 3 (tL) a Figure 4 (α2 Figure 4

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)厚さ方向に分離軸を有する板状圧電素子二枚を貼
り合わせた構造の圧電振動子に、所定の共振周波数を有
する、表面ひずみ率が一様な屈曲振動子を局在させて々
ることを特徴とする振動センサ。
(1) A bending vibrator with a predetermined resonant frequency and a uniform surface strain rate is localized in a piezoelectric vibrator that has a structure in which two plate-shaped piezoelectric elements are bonded together with a separation axis in the thickness direction. A vibration sensor characterized by:
(2)屈曲振動子が複数個局在していることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第1項記載の振動センサ。
(2) The vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of bending vibrators are localized.
JP57180736A 1982-07-28 1982-10-14 Vibration sensor Pending JPS5970924A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57180736A JPS5970924A (en) 1982-10-14 1982-10-14 Vibration sensor
EP83107244A EP0100501B1 (en) 1982-07-28 1983-07-23 Vibration sensor
DE8383107244T DE3379175D1 (en) 1982-07-28 1983-07-23 Vibration sensor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57180736A JPS5970924A (en) 1982-10-14 1982-10-14 Vibration sensor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5970924A true JPS5970924A (en) 1984-04-21

Family

ID=16088406

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57180736A Pending JPS5970924A (en) 1982-07-28 1982-10-14 Vibration sensor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5970924A (en)

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