JPS5968990A - Printed circuit board - Google Patents

Printed circuit board

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Publication number
JPS5968990A
JPS5968990A JP17836482A JP17836482A JPS5968990A JP S5968990 A JPS5968990 A JP S5968990A JP 17836482 A JP17836482 A JP 17836482A JP 17836482 A JP17836482 A JP 17836482A JP S5968990 A JPS5968990 A JP S5968990A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
resin
printed wiring
molded product
insulating base
glass fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP17836482A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
山田 慶次郎
北中 實
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toray Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Toray Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toray Industries Inc filed Critical Toray Industries Inc
Priority to JP17836482A priority Critical patent/JPS5968990A/en
Publication of JPS5968990A publication Critical patent/JPS5968990A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。
(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明はとくに高温における電気的性質がすぐれたプリ
ント配線板3こ関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a printed wiring board 3 which has excellent electrical properties particularly at high temperatures.

絶縁基材上tこ銅箔などの金属箔からなる導体を平面的
に貼り合せて構成したいわゆるプリント配線板は各種家
電製品、電子計算機、通信機および各種計器類などの分
野で大量eこ使用されている。
Printed wiring boards, which are constructed by laminating conductors made of metal foil such as copper foil on an insulating substrate, are used in large quantities in fields such as various home appliances, computers, communication devices, and various instruments. has been done.

従来からプリント配線板用絶縁基材としては、エポキシ
樹脂、フェノ−IV樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂等の
熱硬化性樹脂と紙、ガラス繊維合成繊維等の基材を組み
合せた複合シートが用いられている。しかしこれらはい
ずれも熱硬化性樹脂を使用することtこ起因して、基板
の製造時に溶媒の回収および処理が繁雑であるばかりか
、溶媒が大気中に飛散して作業環境を著しく悪化させ、
しかも樹脂を硬化せしめるのに多大の時間を要し経済的
でないなどの問題があるため、最近ではこれらの問題を
解消した絶縁基材としてボ°り四フッ化エチVン、架橋
ポリエチレンおよびポリフェニレンオキシドなど熱可塑
性樹脂の応用が種々検討されている。
Composite sheets that combine thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins, pheno-IV resins, and unsaturated polyester resins with base materials such as paper and glass fiber synthetic fibers have traditionally been used as insulating base materials for printed wiring boards. There is. However, since all of these methods use thermosetting resins, not only is the recovery and treatment of the solvent complicated during substrate manufacturing, but the solvent also scatters into the atmosphere, significantly deteriorating the working environment.
Moreover, there are problems such as it takes a lot of time to harden the resin and it is not economical.Recently, insulating base materials that solve these problems include polyethylene tetrafluoride, crosslinked polyethylene, and polyphenylene oxide. Various applications of thermoplastic resins are being considered.

一方近年プリント配線板を高温雰囲気中で使用する用途
が増加しつつあり、上記の如き熱可塑性樹脂を絶縁基材
とするプリント配線板をこのような用途に適用する際に
は、電気的性質の低下が著しく、安定した電気性能を維
持し得ないという問題がある。
On the other hand, in recent years, the use of printed wiring boards in high-temperature atmospheres has been increasing, and when using printed wiring boards with thermoplastic resin as an insulating base material for such applications, it is necessary to There is a problem in that the deterioration is significant and stable electrical performance cannot be maintained.

そこで本発明者らは製造プロセフ上の問題がなく、しか
も高温雰囲気下においてもすぐれた電気的性質を有する
プリント配線板の取得を目的として鋭意検討した結果、
ボリエーテ/l/イミド樹脂とガラス繊維との複合成形
品を絶縁基材として用いることにより、簡易なプロセス
で製造でき、しかも高温雰囲気中で安定した誘電正接お
よび誘導率などの電気的性質を示すすぐれたプリント配
線板が得られることを見出し、本発明eこ到達した。
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention conducted extensive studies with the aim of obtaining a printed wiring board that does not have any manufacturing process problems and has excellent electrical properties even in high-temperature atmospheres.
By using a composite molded product of BORIATE/L/imide resin and glass fiber as an insulating base material, it can be manufactured by a simple process and has excellent electrical properties such as stable dielectric loss tangent and dielectric constant in a high temperature atmosphere. It has been discovered that a printed wiring board can be obtained, and the present invention has been achieved.

すなわち本発明はポリエーテルイミド樹脂85〜20%
景%およびガラス繊維15〜80重量%の複合物からな
る板状成形品を絶縁基材とし、その表面に金属層を設け
たことを特徴とするプリント配線板を提供するものであ
る。
That is, the present invention uses 85 to 20% polyetherimide resin.
The present invention provides a printed wiring board characterized in that the insulating base material is a plate-shaped molded product made of a composite material of 15% to 80% by weight of carbon fiber and glass fiber, and a metal layer is provided on the surface of the insulating base material.

本発明で用いるポリエーテルイミド樹脂とはたとえば、
芳香族ビヌにトロフタノンイミ1−)と芳香族有機化合
物のジアルキル 溶剤の存在下eこ約200〜400℃の温度で反応せし
めて得られる重合体であり、その具体例としては次の一
般式f1)で示されるものが挙げられる。
The polyetherimide resin used in the present invention is, for example,
It is a polymer obtained by reacting aromatic vinyl with trophtanoneimide 1-) and an aromatic organic compound at a temperature of about 200 to 400°C in the presence of a dialkyl solvent, and a specific example thereof is the following general formula f1. ) are listed.

111) 1 は−0−、−s−、−c−、−so2−、−8−、CI
  8のアIVキレン、ンクロアlレキVン、アIVキ
リデン、シクロアルキリデンなどを示す)などであり、
これらのベンゼン核は置換基を有することができる。ま
たR2は置換基を有するかまたは有しない芳香族炭化水
素ラジカル、7ルキレンラシカル ルなどを示す。
111) 1 is -0-, -s-, -c-, -so2-, -8-, CI
(8) shows AIV kylene, cycloalkylidene, AIV kylidene, cycloalkylidene, etc.),
These benzene nuclei can have substituents. Further, R2 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon radical with or without a substituent, such as a 7-rukylene radical.

これらのポリエーテルイミド樹脂は温度660℃、みか
けの剪断速度2008θC−1の条件下で測定した溶融
粘度が100〜s o, o o oボイズ、とくに5
00〜2’0.000の範囲にあるものが好ましい。
These polyetherimide resins have a melt viscosity of 100 to so, o o o voids, especially 5 when measured at a temperature of 660°C and an apparent shear rate of 2008θC-1.
It is preferably in the range of 00 to 2'0.000.

なお゛使用するポリエーテルイミド樹脂eこは、酸化防
止剤、熱安定剤、滑剤、紫外線吸収剤、着色剤、充填剤
、離型剤などの通常の添加剤を添加することができ、ま
た本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲内で他種ポリマをブレ
ンドすることもできる。
Note that the polyetherimide resin used can contain conventional additives such as antioxidants, heat stabilizers, lubricants, ultraviolet absorbers, colorants, fillers, and mold release agents. Other types of polymers can also be blended within a range that does not impede the purpose of the invention.

本発明で用いるガラス繊維の形態?こはとくに制限がな
く、チョツプドファイバー、チョツプドファイバーマッ
ト、連続長繊維マット、織物、編物およびこれらの組合
せなどが選択できるが、マット状あるいは編織物状の布
はく状物が取り扱い易さおよび絶縁基板の機械的強度の
点てとくに好適である。
What is the form of glass fiber used in the present invention? There is no particular restriction on this, and chopped fibers, chopped fiber mats, continuous filament mats, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and combinations thereof can be selected, but fabric foils in the form of mats or knitted fabrics can be used. This is particularly suitable in terms of ease of use and mechanical strength of the insulating substrate.

絶縁基板におけるポリニーデルイミド樹脂とガラス繊維
の重量割合は85〜20%.15〜80%、と(Qこ8
0〜25%:20〜75%が好ましく、ガラヌ絨維量が
15重量%未満では十分な機械的強度が得られず、80
重量%を越えるとかえって機械的強度が低下するため好
まし. ( な い。
The weight ratio of polyamide resin and glass fiber in the insulating substrate is 85 to 20%. 15-80%, and (Qko8
0 to 25%: 20 to 75% is preferable; if the amount of galanu fibril is less than 15% by weight, sufficient mechanical strength cannot be obtained;
Exceeding % by weight is preferable because the mechanical strength will actually decrease. ( do not have.

ポリニーデルイミド樹脂とガラス繊維を複合し、絶縁基
材としての板状成形品を製造する方法としては、通常の
射出成形および押出成形により複合する方法があるが、
それ以外に具体的な方法として下記(1)〜(illの
方法が挙げられる。
Methods for manufacturing a plate-shaped molded product as an insulating base material by combining polyamide resin and glass fiber include conventional injection molding and extrusion molding.
Other specific methods include methods (1) to (ill) below.

(1)  長さ5mのガラスチョツプドファイバーとポ
リエーテルイミド樹脂粉末とを所定量配合し、ヘンシエ
lレミキサーなどによりガラス繊維の切断が起こらない
条件、例えば回転数500〜2 0 0 0 rpmで
約5〜20分間混合した綿状混合物を、ポリエーテルイ
ミド樹脂の融点以上、通常は290〜330℃に加熱し
た金型に供給して圧縮賦形した後、ボリエーテIVイミ
ド樹脂の融点以下、通常は150〜200℃まで冷却し
て成形品を取出す方法。
(1) Mix a predetermined amount of chopped glass fiber with a length of 5 m and polyetherimide resin powder, and mix it with a Henschel mixer or the like under conditions that do not cause cutting of the glass fiber, for example, at a rotation speed of 500 to 2000 rpm. The flocculent mixture mixed for about 5 to 20 minutes is supplied to a mold heated to a temperature above the melting point of the polyetherimide resin, usually 290 to 330°C, and compressed. The method involves cooling the molded product to 150-200°C and removing it.

(2)  (1)法と同様のチョツプドファイバーをボ
リエーテlレイミド樹脂シートにはさんだものを金型に
供給して上記(1)法と同様に賦形癲1工する方法。
(2) A method in which chopped fibers similar to those in method (1) are sandwiched between polyether resin sheets and then fed into a mold and shaped in the same manner as in method (1) above.

(3) ガラスチョツプドファイバーマット、ガラス連
続長繊維マット、ガラス織物、編物などのガラス布帛状
物にポリエーテルイミド樹脂粉末を所定量均一1こ散布
したものを金型tこ供給し、上記(1)法と同様に賦形
加工する方法。
(3) A predetermined amount of polyetherimide resin powder is uniformly sprinkled on a glass fabric material such as a glass chopped fiber mat, a glass continuous long fiber mat, a glass fabric, or a knitted fabric, and then supplied to a mold. (1) A method of shaping and processing in the same way as the method.

(41(3)法と同様のガラス布帛状物とポリエーテI
Vイミド樹脂シートとを数枚重ね合せたものを金型に供
給し、上記(1)法どパ同様に賦形加工する方法。
(Glass fabric and polyether I similar to 41(3) method)
A method in which several stacked V-imide resin sheets are supplied to a mold and shaped in the same manner as in method (1) above.

(5)  (1)、(2)、(3)、(4)法と同様の
ガラス繊維とポリエーテルイミド樹脂の混合物または積
層物を一対の金属べ/レト間tこ導き、圧力を加えなが
ら連続的tこ加熱、冷却してポリエーテルイミド樹脂と
ガラス繊維を複合した板状成形品を製造する方法。
(5) A mixture or laminate of glass fibers and polyetherimide resin similar to methods (1), (2), (3), and (4) is guided between a pair of metal plates, and while applying pressure. A method of manufacturing a plate-shaped molded product made of a composite of polyetherimide resin and glass fiber by continuous heating and cooling.

上記(1)〜(51法の中でも(3)〜(5)法が工程
的に有利である。
Among the above methods (1) to (51), methods (3) to (5) are advantageous in terms of process.

本発明において絶縁基材として用いる板状成形品の厚さ
ンこは特に制限がなく、通常は0.05〜5. Ovm
の範囲が選択される。なお場合によっては板状成形品の
厚みを増量するためにその一面eこさらに他樹脂からな
るシートを積層して実用に供することも可能である。
The thickness of the plate-shaped molded product used as the insulating base material in the present invention is not particularly limited, and is usually 0.05 to 5. Ovm
range is selected. In some cases, in order to increase the thickness of the plate-shaped molded product, it is also possible to laminate a sheet made of another resin on one side of the molded product for practical use.

本発明のプリント配線、板において、絶縁基板上に設け
る金属箔としては銅箔、アルミニウム箔、銀箔などが挙
げられるが、なかでも銅箔が代表的である。金属箔の絶
縁基板上への接合は上記(1)〜(5)法の一体化と同
時、または一体化後の任意の時期に行なうことができる
が、とくeこ一体化と同時(こ行なうのが簡略的で望ま
しい。
In the printed wiring and board of the present invention, examples of the metal foil provided on the insulating substrate include copper foil, aluminum foil, and silver foil, among which copper foil is typical. The metal foil can be bonded onto the insulating substrate at the same time as the integration using methods (1) to (5) above, or at any time after the integration. is simple and desirable.

金属箔の接合、形成の具体的手段としてはとくに制限が
なく、たとえば銅箔などの金属箔を絶縁基材(こ貼り合
せた後、金属箔をパターンエツチングするいわゆるサブ
トラクティブ法、絶縁基材上eこ銅等をパターン状にメ
ッキするアディティブ法、パターン状に打ち抜いた銅箔
等を絶縁基材に貼り合せるスタンピングホイw法などを
利用することができる。また本発明eこおいて絶縁基材
と金属箔を接合する際には接着剤を用いることなく、す
ぐれた接着強度を期待することができるが、必要に応じ
て接着剤を使用すれば一層すぐれた接着性が得られる。
There are no particular restrictions on the specific means for bonding and forming metal foils. It is possible to use an additive method in which copper foil or the like is plated in a pattern, a stamping method in which copper foil punched out in a pattern is bonded to an insulating base material, etc. In addition, in the present invention, the insulating base material Although excellent adhesive strength can be expected without using an adhesive when joining metal foil to the metal foil, even better adhesiveness can be obtained by using an adhesive if necessary.

このように簡略化されたプロセスで製造することのでき
る本発明のプリント配線板はすぐれた電気的性質、とく
tこ高温雰囲気下(こおける電気的性質および熱的、機
械的性質を有し、半田特性も良好であるので、電気産業
分野への適用が大いeこ期待される。以下実施例により
本発明をさらに詳しく説明する。
The printed wiring board of the present invention, which can be manufactured by such a simplified process, has excellent electrical properties, especially in a high temperature atmosphere (electrical properties, thermal and mechanical properties, Since the solder properties are also good, it is highly anticipated that it will be applied to the electrical industry field.The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples.

実施例1 下記式を有するポリエーテルイミド樹脂CGE社製11
 U −1000” 、f4融粘度8000 pois
e )を用い、次の[A1法およびFB+法Eこよりガ
ラス繊維強化ポリエーテルイミド樹脂の板状成形品を製
造した。
Example 1 Polyetherimide resin 11 manufactured by CGE Co., Ltd. having the following formula
U-1000", f4 melt viscosity 8000 pois
A plate-shaped molded product of glass fiber-reinforced polyetherimide resin was produced using method A1 and method E described below.

(A)法 上記ポリエーテルイミド樹脂と長さ3wAのガラス繊維
チョツプドストランドを第1表?こ示した量比で、押出
機を用いて溶融混練し、ペレタイズしたものを、360
℃に設定、した加滞プレス中の平板状金型間に供給し、
5 kg 7cm ”の圧力を加えて6分間加熱した後
、150℃に設定した冷却プレスに金型を移し、40 
kg/a’の圧力下ンこ6分′間冷却することeこより
厚さ1.5調の板状成形品(A)を得る。
(A) Method The above polyetherimide resin and chopped glass fiber strands with a length of 3 wA are shown in Table 1. Melt-knead and pelletize using an extruder at the quantitative ratio shown above, 360
Supply between flat molds in a stagnation press set at ℃,
After applying a pressure of 5 kg 7 cm” and heating for 6 minutes, the mold was transferred to a cooling press set at 150°C and heated at 40°C.
A plate-shaped molded product (A) with a thickness of 1.5 mm is obtained by cooling for 6 minutes under a pressure of kg/a'.

FB+法 上記ポリエーテルイミド樹脂から押出成形により厚さ0
7票のシートを作成し、このシートとガラス連続長繊維
マット(旭ファイバーグラス社11i9C8M、 M 
9600、目付量600g/m”)とを交互に重ねたも
のを上記fAl法と同じ操作でプレス成形することによ
り、第1表tこ示したガラス繊維含有量を有する板状成
形品(B)を得る。
FB+ method The thickness is 0 by extrusion molding from the above polyetherimide resin.
Create 7 sheets and use this sheet and glass continuous fiber mat (Asahi Fiberglass Co., Ltd. 11i9C8M, M
9600, basis weight 600 g/m'') were press-molded in the same manner as the fAl method described above to produce a plate-shaped molded product (B) having the glass fiber content shown in Table 1. get.

一方プチンンテレフタレート単位40重量%ブチレンイ
ソフタレート単位27重景%、ドデカンアミド単位33
重量%からなるポリエステ)Vアミド樹脂70部とビス
フェノ−!V型エボキy樹脂xo部からなる接着剤(モ
ノクロルベンゼン/メタノール系混合溶謀tこ溶解した
もの)を市販のプリント配線用電解銅箔(厚さ65μ)
に塗布乾燥して接着剤付き銅箔を作製した。次に上記板
状体(A)またはfBlと接着剤付き銅箔とを重ね合せ
て、150℃で加熱圧着し、さらtこ接着剤を熱硬化さ
せて銅張積層板(プリント配線板)を作った。
On the other hand, 40% by weight of butylene terephthalate units, 27% by weight of butylene isophthalate units, and 33% by weight of dodecane amide units.
Polyester consisting of % by weight) V amide resin 70 parts and bispheno-! Adhesive (monochlorobenzene/methanol mixed solvent) consisting of V-shaped epoxy resin (xo part) was applied to commercially available electrolytic copper foil for printed wiring (65μ thick).
Copper foil with adhesive was prepared by coating and drying. Next, the above-mentioned plate-shaped body (A) or fBl and copper foil with adhesive are superimposed and bonded under heat and pressure at 150°C, and the adhesive is further heat-cured to form a copper-clad laminate (printed wiring board). Had made.

また比較のためにポリエーテルイミド樹脂の代りに架橋
ポリエチレン(昭和電工(製)ショウレックヌ8600
2の押出シートを電子線照射して架橋したもの)および
ポリフェニリンスフVワイド樹脂(フィリップス社(I
Q ) IIRytOn、。
For comparison, instead of polyetherimide resin, cross-linked polyethylene (Showa Denko Co., Ltd.) Shorecnu 8600 was used.
2 extruded sheet cross-linked by electron beam irradiation) and polyphenylinsulphate V wide resin (Philips Co., Ltd. (I
Q) IIRytOn,.

P−4)を用いて上記fBl法と同様の操作でプリント
配線板を作成した。
A printed wiring board was produced using P-4) in the same manner as the fBl method described above.

得られた各プリント配線板について、次の方法により機
械的性質および電気的性質を測定した結果を第1表に示
す。
Table 1 shows the results of measuring the mechanical properties and electrical properties of each printed wiring board obtained by the following method.

曲げ強ざ 拳・・・・ ASTMD79G銅箔の剥離強
度 ・・・・・ J工S C6481誘電正接 ・・・
・・ ASTM DI 50誘電率 ・・・・・  A
STM  D150第1表の結果から本発明tこおける
板状成形品(彰2.6.5.6)は、ガラス繊、til
l含有景が15%以下の成形品(Jli 1.4 )お
よび架橋ポリエチレンやポリフェニレンスルフィドMJ
 脂ヲベースとする成形品(A7.8)に比較して優れ
た曲げ強さを示すとともVこ、熱雰囲気中における電気
的性質の低下が全くなく安定し かつすぐれた電気的性
能を有するプリント配線板を与えることが明らかである
Bending strength Fist... ASTM D79G Peeling strength of copper foil... J Engineering SC C6481 Dissipation tangent...
... ASTM DI 50 dielectric constant ... A
From the results of STM D150 Table 1, the plate-shaped molded product (Akira 2.6.5.6) in the present invention is made of glass fiber, tiled
Molded products with l content of 15% or less (Jli 1.4) and crosslinked polyethylene and polyphenylene sulfide MJ
This print exhibits superior bending strength compared to resin-based molded products (A7.8), and has stable and excellent electrical performance with no deterioration in electrical properties in a hot atmosphere. It is clear that the wiring board is given.

特許出願人  東 し 株 式 会 社429−Patent applicant Higashi Shikaisha 429-

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] ポリエーテルイミド樹脂85〜20重量%およびガフヌ
繊維15〜80重量%の複合物からなる板状成形品を絶
縁基材とし、その表面に金属層を設けたことを特徴とす
るプリント配線板。
1. A printed wiring board characterized in that the insulating base material is a plate-shaped molded product made of a composite of 85 to 20% by weight of polyetherimide resin and 15 to 80% by weight of Gafnu fiber, and a metal layer is provided on the surface of the insulating base material.
JP17836482A 1982-10-13 1982-10-13 Printed circuit board Pending JPS5968990A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17836482A JPS5968990A (en) 1982-10-13 1982-10-13 Printed circuit board

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17836482A JPS5968990A (en) 1982-10-13 1982-10-13 Printed circuit board

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5968990A true JPS5968990A (en) 1984-04-19

Family

ID=16047198

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP17836482A Pending JPS5968990A (en) 1982-10-13 1982-10-13 Printed circuit board

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5968990A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62127239A (en) * 1985-11-27 1987-06-09 東洋アルミニウム株式会社 Substrate for flexible printed circuit
US8796361B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2014-08-05 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Adhesive compositions containing graphenic carbon particles
US10377928B2 (en) 2015-12-10 2019-08-13 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Structural adhesive compositions
US10947428B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2021-03-16 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Structural adhesive compositions
US12031064B2 (en) 2022-03-17 2024-07-09 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Structural adhesive compositions

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62127239A (en) * 1985-11-27 1987-06-09 東洋アルミニウム株式会社 Substrate for flexible printed circuit
US8796361B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2014-08-05 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Adhesive compositions containing graphenic carbon particles
US9562175B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2017-02-07 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Adhesive compositions containing graphenic carbon particles
US10947428B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2021-03-16 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Structural adhesive compositions
US11629276B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2023-04-18 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Structural adhesive compositions
US10377928B2 (en) 2015-12-10 2019-08-13 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Structural adhesive compositions
US11674062B2 (en) 2015-12-10 2023-06-13 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Structural adhesive compositions
US12031064B2 (en) 2022-03-17 2024-07-09 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Structural adhesive compositions

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