JPS5938407A - Sandbag - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To greatly reduce the total cost of reclamation work by concurrently connecting an opening on the reclamation material side with an opening on the floating material side. CONSTITUTION:At the place where the inside of a sandbag of a water-permeable bag 1 is divided into nearly two sections from an opening 4 toward the longitudinal direction, a seam 5 is provided or a partition film 6 is put in the inside. A reclamation material 2, e.g., gravel, etc., is put into one section to an extent that it sinks slightly in water, and also a floating material 3, e.g., wood chips, etc., is put into the other section. The opening 4 on the reclamation material 2 side and the opening 4 on the floating material 3 side are concurrently connected with each other. The consolidation and settlement of soft ground below the seabed are thus reduced and the improvement of the ground by sand drain work, etc., is also cut down. Therefore, the total cost of reclamation work can be greatly reduced.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 関西国際空港の埋立地造成の場合、埋立地の水深が１８
ｍ近くもありかつ海底面下りこ数１０ｍの軟弱地盤が堆
積しているところでは従来のように上から土砂を投入す
る工法では月密沈ドの対策が大変であり、捷だその防止
のための地盤改良費も膨大な額となる。具体的には　度
ｄｆ１議上１２ｍ近くまで盛土し、徐々に沈下するのを
待ち海面上４ｍのところで安定さす。埋立用の土の比重
を当初１６程度とすると水中部の浮力を相殺しても海底
面下には大体３　０　１・／／　ｍ’の力がかかる。こ
れに対してはより比重２の軽い安価な埋立材料が開発さ
れれば理想的であり本発明はそれにかかわるものである
。[Detailed description of the invention] In the case of reclaimed land construction for Kansai International Airport, the water depth of the reclaimed land is 18
In areas where soft ground is deposited with a depth of nearly 10 m and a slope of 10 m below the seabed, it is difficult to prevent lunar subsidence using the conventional construction method of pouring earth and sand from above. The cost of ground improvement will also be enormous. Specifically, the earth is embanked to a depth of approximately 12m above the df1 level, allowed to settle gradually, and then stabilized at 4m above sea level. If the specific gravity of the soil for reclamation is initially about 16, a force of approximately 30 1// m' will be applied below the seabed surface even if the buoyant force in the underwater part is offset. For this purpose, it would be ideal if an inexpensive landfill material with a lighter specific gravity of 2 could be developed, and the present invention relates to this.

それは従来から用いられている土のうのなかに埋立材料
と浮力材料を全体の水中での比重が１０より多少大きく
なるように詰め合せたものである。仮にその水中での比
重を１１として前記埋立例において海面寸ではこれを用
い、海面上は従来の土で約５ｍｔで盛土し、少々の沈下
は見込んで海面上４ｍで安定さすと仮足すると？Ｉｉ底
面にかかる力は約１０トンになり、前記の従来の方式に
比べ、約３分の１の力［［じる。It is a conventionally used sandbag packed with reclamation material and buoyant material so that the overall specific gravity in water is slightly greater than 10. What if we assume that the specific gravity in water is 11, use this for the sea level dimensions in the above land reclamation example, fill it with conventional soil at about 5 mt above sea level, and stabilize it at 4 m above sea level, allowing for some settling? The force applied to the bottom of Ii is approximately 10 tons, which is approximately one-third of the force applied to the conventional method described above.

従って海底面下の軟弱地盤の圧密沈下は軽減されザンド
ドレ−７等による地盤改良もより少なくてすむこととな
り、全体の埋立造成費の軽減に大きく寄力する。Therefore, the consolidation subsidence of the soft ground beneath the seabed will be reduced, and the need for ground improvement using Zandre-7 etc. will be reduced, which will greatly contribute to reducing the overall reclamation cost.

これ全圧密沈下のメカニズムから杷えてみると、本発明
による軽量埋立材料を用いることにより海底面への荷重
が軽減され、そのため海底面下の軟弱な地盤層の圧密か
少くなる。これはひいては海面上の盛土の厚さの軽減を
捷ねき、それは同じく海底面下への下向きの力の増大を
防止するとともに、盛土部自体の圧密をも減少さすこと
になり、つまり海底面下の軟弱地盤と盛土部自体の両方
での沈下を従来の工法より大幅に改善さすことになる。Looking at the mechanism of total consolidation subsidence, the use of the lightweight reclaimed material of the present invention reduces the load on the seabed surface, thereby reducing the consolidation of the soft ground layer beneath the seabed surface. This in turn prevents the reduction of the thickness of the embankment above the sea surface, which in turn prevents an increase in the downward force below the seabed, and also reduces the consolidation of the embankment itself, i.e. the seabed surface. This significantly reduces settlement in both the soft ground below and the embankment itself compared to conventional construction methods.

このように高水深でかつ海底面地盤が軟弱な場合には軽
量な埋立材料を用いることは効果的であるが、比重が１
より小さい浮力材料はそのままでは海底に安定さすこと
は出来ないから、比重が１より大なる埋立材料とう寸＜
−体化して海底面下ｌ／Ｃ順次堆積ようＶＣ袋（１）の
なかＶＣ埋立材料（２）と浮力材料（３）を表 １全体の水中での−の比重が１より多少大きくなるよう
に調合して詰め合せた土のうが本発明にかかわる最も簡
単な実施例である。この」μ金貸は透水性のものでかつ
容易には土が流出しない稈度に密な拐質で一般に市販さ
れている合成線。It is effective to use lightweight reclaimed materials in cases where the water depth is high and the seabed surface is soft, but the specific gravity is 1.
Since smaller buoyant materials cannot be stabilized on the seabed as they are, the length of reclaimed materials with specific gravity greater than 1 is
VC landfill material (2) and buoyancy material (3) are placed in the VC bag (1) so that the specific gravity of - in the water as a whole is slightly larger than 1. The simplest embodiment of the present invention is a sandbag prepared by mixing and assembling sandbags. This μ moneylender is a commonly commercially available synthetic wire that is water-permeable and has a dense grain structure that prevents soil from flowing out easily.

維よりなる土のうと大体同じものである。埋立材料（２
）は一般には土であるが睡岸部などでは砂利や礫でもよ
い。浮力材料（３）としては水相チップ、プラスチック
、ゴム、軽量骨材、セラミック等比較的非吸水性でかつ
長期間の圧力に対しても圧縮率が小さくつ捷り容積を減
じずつまシ浮力に変化の少いものならば何でもよい。ま
た木材チップにはその１捷で用いてもよいが表面をコー
ルタールやアスファルト、コンクリート、フ０ラスチッ
ク、その他適当な塗料で防水、防腐加工をしたものや木
材チップ相互をそれらで固ぺし 定し一体化したものでもよい。It is roughly the same as a sandbag made of fibers. Landfill material (2
) is generally soil, but gravel or gravel may be used in areas such as sleep banks. Buoyant materials (3) include aqueous chips, plastics, rubber, lightweight aggregates, ceramics, etc., which are relatively non-water-absorbing and have a low compressibility even under long-term pressure, and have buoyancy that does not reduce volume. Anything is fine as long as it has little change. Wood chips may be used alone, but the surface may be waterproofed or preservative treated with coal tar, asphalt, concrete, plastic, or other suitable paint, or the wood chips may be fixed together with that material. It may also be integrated.

さてそれら浮力材料（３）について価格面からみて有利
なのは木拐チノゾであるが、それは土と直接混合してし
まうと浮力材料（３）の体積は木材チップの正味の体積
の−１まである。しかし木材チップを集合さすとそのな
かに空間が牛してみかけの容積つまり風体は２〜３倍に
なる。埋立用４に用いる場合には上部にあまり力がかか
らない場合にはこのようなみかけの容４ｔｆを犬きぐし
て用いるほうが使用木材の正味ｍ　ｋ減しること瀘でき
る。例えば比重０５の検相のチップで１１１１“の浮体
を形成すると、みかけの容積の増加率を正味のときの２
３倍とすると重味体積は０．４３　ｎ＋”、正味重量は
０．２１トンにすぎない。Now, among these buoyant materials (3), wood chips are advantageous from a price point of view, but when mixed directly with soil, the volume of the buoyant materials (3) is up to -1 of the net volume of wood chips. However, when wood chips are assembled, there is space within them, and the apparent volume, or appearance, increases by two to three times. When used for landfill 4, if there is not much force applied to the upper part, it is better to use such an apparent volume 4tf by cutting it to reduce the net mk of wood used. For example, if a floating body of 1111" is formed using a phase detection chip with a specific gravity of 05, the apparent volume increase rate is 2
When multiplied by 3, the weighted volume is 0.43 n+'' and the net weight is only 0.21 tons.

そこで次にその木材チップ１ｍ’と比Ｎ１６の土１グ２
と全一体化して考えると、この２−〇埋立材料の重量は
１８１トン、みかけ容積はもとより２ｙ＆、正味容積は
１４３Ｒとなる。よって水中では０．３８）ンの重量と
なる。１ｎ／当りの水中重量は０．１９１−ンである。Next, 1 m' of wood chips and 1 g 2 of soil with a ratio of N16
When considered as a whole, the weight of this 2-0 landfill material is 181 tons, the apparent volume is 2y&, and the net volume is 143R. Therefore, it weighs 0.38) tons in water. The weight in water per 1 n/n is 0.191-n.

このような材料の用い方が可能な場合には袋（１＋にそ
れぞれ詰める場合混合しないように工夫しておく必要が
ある。その実施例を次に示す。第２図は袋（１）に開ψ
部（４）から縦に縫い目（５）を人わ５、各々に埋立利
料（２）と浮力材料（３）を入れ、るようにし、開［１
部（４）を締結するようにしたものである。If it is possible to use such materials, it is necessary to take measures so that they do not mix when filling each bag (1+). An example is shown below. ψ
From part (4), cut the seam (5) vertically.Put the reclaimed material (2) and buoyancy material (3) in each part, and then open the seam (5).
Part (4) is concluded.

第３図は袋（１）のなかに新たに仕切り膜（６）を取り
付けたもので同じく開口１部（４）を最後に締結するよ
うＶＣしたものである。その各々の１２直に埋立材料（
２）と浮力材料（３）を別々に入れる。Fig. 3 shows a bag (1) with a new partition membrane (6) attached thereto, and the opening 1 (4) is also VCed so that it is fastened last. Landfill materials (
Add 2) and buoyancy material (3) separately.

第４図は袋（１１のなかに浮力材料（３）を入れ、その
うえから膜かコールタールやシラスチック笑で薄膜（７
）を形成１〜、その上に埋立利′＋１（２）を投入して
開口部（４）を締結するようＶ？：ｌ−、たものである
。Figure 4 shows the buoyancy material (3) placed in a bag (11) and a thin film (7) coated with membrane, coal tar or silastic material.
) is formed 1~, and then put the landfill profit + 1 (2) on top of it and close the opening (4). :l-, it is something.

第５図は荒い網目状の袋（８）に浮力材料（３）を入れ
、埋立材料（＋＋は他の袋（９）に入れ各々をロ−ノや
ワイヤーｆｌｌ＋）で締結するようにして構成したもの
である。Figure 5 shows a configuration in which the buoyant material (3) is placed in a rough mesh bag (8), and the reclaimed material (++ is placed in another bag (9) and each is fastened with a rono or wire fll+). This is what I did.

もとよりこれらは海中に投入するとすべて浮力拐料（３
）の入ったほうを上＆Ｃ１，で沈下、堆積していくので
あり、よって士σ）う全体の形状は相互に堆積してい〈
除土のう相互間に大きな空間が残らないような、かつ相
互に密だしあう形状が望せしい。そのような点からは似
３図やイ！、４図に示した方式が適していると考えられ
るか、それ辺外のものもそれぞれに実際に用いる場合に
はメリットがあると考えられる。Of course, when these are thrown into the sea, they all become buoyancy charges (3
) sinks and accumulates at the top &C1, so the overall shape of σ) is mutually deposited.
It is desirable that the soil removal bags have a shape that does not leave large spaces between them and that they are close together. From that point of view, it's a similar picture! , 4 is considered to be suitable, and other methods are also considered to have merits when actually used.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第」図は特許請求の範囲第１項にかかわる実施例第２図
は才だ第３図は特許請求の範囲第２項Ｖこかかわる実施
例第４図は特許請求の範囲第（３）項にかかわる実施例
第５図は特許請求の範囲第４項にかかわる実施例 （１）袋　（２）埋立用材料　（３）浮力材料　（４）
開口部矛１１リ　　　　　　才２９　　　　　　矛３印
伊Ｉ＋印　　　　　　　　）ぢ■ 手　　続　　補　　正　　書 昭和５７年１２月２２日 寺許庁長官殿 １　事件の表示　　昭和５７年特許願第１４６７１１号
２、発明の名称　　土の　う ３　補正をする者 事件との関係　　特許出願人 住　所　東京都港区南麻布５丁目１５番１４吟５　補正
命令の日付　　　昭和５７年１１月３０日６　　′ＶＡ
正の対象　　　ｆ’　Ｉｆ（：側のタイプ印判及び印」
［タイプ印ＷＶＣよる明細用１ ７　補正の内容　　別紙の通りFigure 3 is an embodiment related to claim 1. Figure 3 is an example related to claim 2. Figure 4 is an embodiment related to claim 3. Embodiment Figure 5 shows an embodiment according to claim 4 (1) Bag (2) Landfill material (3) Buoyancy material (4)
Opening Spear 11 Li Sai 29 Spear 3 Seal I + Seal ) ぢ■ Procedures Amendment Written December 22, 1980 To the Director General of the Temple Permit Office 1 Indication of the Case Patent Application No. 146711 of 1982 2, Title of the Invention Sandbag 3 Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address: 5-14-gin, 5-15, Minami-Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo Date of amendment order: November 30, 1980 6'VA
Positive object f' If (: side type stamp and seal"
[For details with type stamp WVC 1 7 Contents of amendment As attached.

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）　　土のうの中に埋立用材料と浮力材料を水中に
沈めた場合軽く沈む程度に調合Ｉて詰め合せた埋立用の
土のう(1) Sandbags for landfills filled with the mixture I and the buoyant material to the extent that they will sink lightly when submerged in water. （２）土のうの開口部から縦方向に内部をほぼ２分する
位置で縫合するか才たは内部に仕切り膜を設け、片方に
は埋立用材料をもう一方には浮力拐料を入れその後開口
部を同時に締結するようにした特許請求範囲第１項記載
の埋立用の土のう(2) Sewing or installing a partition membrane inside the sandbag at a position that roughly bisects the inside in the vertical direction from the opening of the sandbag, fill one side with landfill material and the other with buoyant material, and then open the bag. A sandbag for landfill according to claim 1, in which the parts are fastened at the same time. （３）土のうにまず浮力材料を入れついでその表面に仕
切り膜を置くかアルファルト チック等で薄層を形成しついで埋立用材料を入れて開口
部を締結した特許請求範囲第１項記載の埋立用の土のう(3) Landfilling according to claim 1, in which a buoyant material is first placed in a sandbag, and then a partition membrane is placed on the surface of the sandbag, or a thin layer is formed with alfalutic, etc., and then a landfilling material is placed and the opening is closed. sandbags for （４）荒い網目状の袋に浮力材を入れ、埋立材料は他の
袋に入れ両者をロープやワイヤーで締結したことを特徴
とする特許請求わ間第１項記載の埋立用の土のう(4) A sandbag for landfill according to claim 1, characterized in that the buoyancy material is placed in a rough mesh bag, the landfill material is placed in another bag, and both are tied together with a rope or wire.