JPS5937964Y2 - organic solvent battery - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案はリチウム、ナトリウムなどのアルカリ金属、マ
グネシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属あるいはアルミニウ
ムなど軽金属を負極活物質とし、プロピレンカーボネー
ト、ジメトキシエタンなどを主体とする有機溶媒を電解
液に用いた電池の改良に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] This invention uses alkali metals such as lithium and sodium, alkaline earth metals such as magnesium, or light metals such as aluminum as negative electrode active materials, and uses an organic solvent mainly composed of propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane, etc. as an electrolyte. Regarding improvements to batteries used in

従来からこの種の電池は２酸化マンガン、固体状フッ化
炭素など適当な正極活物質を用いることにより、高エネ
ルギー密度を得ることができるものとして注目されてい
る。BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, this type of battery has attracted attention as a battery capable of obtaining high energy density by using a suitable positive electrode active material such as manganese dioxide or solid fluorocarbon.

しかし、この種の電池を薄形のボタン型電池にする場合
、正極合剤を円板状に成形し、これをステンレススチー
ル、チタン金属などあるいはこれら金属の表面を導電性
の物質たとえば炭素などで被覆した集電体に押し付け、
電気的接触を保ち集電しでいるのが一般的であった。However, if this type of battery is to be made into a thin button-type battery, the positive electrode mixture is formed into a disk shape, and the surface of this metal is coated with stainless steel, titanium metal, or a conductive material such as carbon. Press it against the coated current collector,
It was common to maintain electrical contact and collect current.

この場合、集電体の形状としては円板に孔を穿ったもの
とか、網状のものなどが用いられた。In this case, the shape of the current collector used was a circular plate with holes or a net shape.

一般に、正極活物質は電気絶縁体もしくは半導体で導電
性が乏しいので、黒鉛、アセチレンブラック、金属粉な
どの導電材を混合して正極合剤とし導電性を良くしてい
るが、正極合剤は金属あるいは黒鉛などに比較して、は
るかに導電性が低いものであった。In general, positive electrode active materials are electrical insulators or semiconductors and have poor conductivity, so conductive materials such as graphite, acetylene black, and metal powder are mixed into the positive electrode mixture to improve conductivity. Its conductivity was much lower than that of metals or graphite.

このように導電性の低い正極合剤を成形した正極と導電
性の良い正極集電体を接触させてもその集電効果は著し
く小さい。Even if a positive electrode made of a positive electrode mixture having low conductivity is brought into contact with a positive electrode current collector having good conductivity, the current collection effect is extremely small.

事実、上記のように正極集電体と正極とを接触させる構
造の従来の電池において集電効果が悪いため、電圧降下
刃吠きく、特に重負荷における電池特性は著しく悪かっ
た。In fact, as described above, conventional batteries having a structure in which the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode are brought into contact have a poor current collection effect, resulting in a voltage drop and particularly poor battery characteristics under heavy loads.

本考案は正極集電体との接触表面に炭素層を形成した正
極を用いることにより、集電効果を高め、特に電池の重
負荷放電特性を向上するものである。The present invention uses a positive electrode with a carbon layer formed on the surface in contact with the positive electrode current collector to enhance the current collecting effect and particularly improve the heavy load discharge characteristics of the battery.

以下本考案の実施例を第１図、第２図にもとずいて説明
する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

正極１は、３５０’Ｃで焼成した電解２酸化マンガンと
導電材の黒鉛とを１０：１の重量割合で混合し、フッ素
樹脂粉末を結着材として、１５ｍｍφ、厚さ０．５ｍｍ
の円板に成形して得る。The positive electrode 1 was prepared by mixing electrolytic manganese dioxide calcined at 350'C and graphite as a conductive material at a weight ratio of 10:1, using fluororesin powder as a binder, and having a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm.
Obtain it by forming it into a disc.

次に、この正極１の片面に水に分散させた炭素粉のけん
濁液を円形に塗布し、常温で１時間予備乾燥後、１５０
℃で２時間乾燥し、炭素層２を形成し、電池の組立てに
用いる。Next, a suspension of carbon powder dispersed in water was applied in a circular manner onto one side of the positive electrode 1, and after pre-drying at room temperature for 1 hour,
It is dried at ℃ for 2 hours to form a carbon layer 2, which is used for battery assembly.

この時の炭素層２の厚さは０．０３ｍｍ、径は１４ｍｍ
φである。The thickness of the carbon layer 2 at this time is 0.03 mm, and the diameter is 14 mm.
It is φ.

次に、第１図に示すように上記炭素層２を有する正極１
と金属リチウム円板よりなる陰極３とを１モル濃度の過
塩素酸リチウムが溶解されたプロピレンカーボネート電
解液を含液保持したセパレータ４を介して当接させ、こ
れらを径１４ｍｍ、厚さ０．０５ｍｍのステンレススチ
ール円板状の正極集電体５をスポット溶接したステンレ
ス製の電池容器６に装填した後、電池容器６に負極端子
を兼ねる負極封口板７を端部周縁に設けたガスケット８
を介して設置し、さらに電池容器５の開口部９を内方向
に曲げて封目し、直径２０ｍｍ、、総高さ１．５ｍｍの
有機溶媒電池を組立てた。Next, as shown in FIG. 1, a positive electrode 1 having the carbon layer 2 described above is
and a cathode 3 made of a metal lithium disk are brought into contact with each other through a separator 4 containing a propylene carbonate electrolyte in which 1 molar concentration of lithium perchlorate is dissolved. After loading the positive electrode current collector 5 in the form of a 0.5 mm stainless steel disk into a spot-welded stainless steel battery container 6, a gasket 8 is attached to the battery container 6 with a negative electrode sealing plate 7 that also serves as a negative electrode terminal on the periphery of the end.
The opening 9 of the battery container 5 was further bent inward and sealed to assemble an organic solvent battery with a diameter of 20 mm and a total height of 1.5 mm.

次に、上記のごとく組立てられた本考案電池〔Ａ〕と炭
素粉のけん濁液を塗布していない正極を用いて実施例と
同様に同型の有機溶媒電池を組立て、従来電池〔Ｂ〕と
した。Next, an organic solvent battery of the same type was assembled in the same manner as in the example using the battery of the present invention [A] assembled as described above and a positive electrode to which no carbon powder suspension was applied. did.

しかして、本考案電池〔Ａ〕と従来電池ＣＢ〕の有機溶
媒電池を各々１０個用意し、これらの常温、５にΩでの
定負荷放電を行った所、第３図のような結果となった。When we prepared 10 each of organic solvent batteries of the invention battery [A] and conventional battery CB and subjected them to constant load discharge at room temperature and 5Ω, we obtained the results shown in Figure 3. became.

放電曲線は１０個の平均をプロットした。第３図から明
らかなように、炭素層２を形成させた正極１を用いた本
考案電池〔Ａ〕は、岸素層２を形成させない正極１を用
いた従来電池〔Ｂ〕に比較して、端子電圧が高く、放電
持続も長く電池特性が著しく優れている。The average of 10 discharge curves was plotted. As is clear from FIG. 3, the battery of the present invention [A] using the positive electrode 1 on which the carbon layer 2 is formed is superior to the conventional battery [B] using the positive electrode 1 on which the carbon layer 2 is not formed. , the terminal voltage is high, the discharge duration is long, and the battery characteristics are extremely excellent.

これは正極１の表面に炭素層２を形成させることによっ
て正極１と正極集電体５との間の接触抵抗が小さくなり
、集電効果が良くなったためである。This is because the contact resistance between the positive electrode 1 and the positive electrode current collector 5 is reduced by forming the carbon layer 2 on the surface of the positive electrode 1, and the current collecting effect is improved.

以上のごとく、本考案の正極集電体との接触表面に炭素
層を形成した正極を用いた有機溶媒電池は、電池の内部
抵抗を減少せしめ、重色放電特性を向−ヒし、その工業
的価値は大なるものである。As described above, the organic solvent battery using a positive electrode with a carbon layer formed on the surface in contact with the positive electrode current collector of the present invention reduces the internal resistance of the battery, improves the heavy color discharge characteristics, and improves its industrial performance. The value is great.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本考案の実施例であるボタン形有機溶媒電池の
断面図で、第２図は正極集電体との接触状態を表す局部
拡大断面図である。 第３図は本考案電池と従来電池との放電曲線の比較図で
ある。 １・・・・・・正極、２・・・・・・炭素層、５・・・
・・・正極集電体、６・・・・・・電池容器。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a button-type organic solvent battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a locally enlarged sectional view showing the state of contact with a positive electrode current collector. FIG. 3 is a comparison diagram of discharge curves between the battery of the present invention and a conventional battery. 1...Positive electrode, 2...Carbon layer, 5...
. . . Positive electrode current collector, 6 . . . Battery container.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 正極と軽金属よりなる負極と有機溶媒系の電解液とを備
え、正極集電体との接触表面に炭素層を形成した正極を
用いる有機溶媒電池。An organic solvent battery that includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode made of a light metal, and an organic solvent-based electrolyte, and uses a positive electrode with a carbon layer formed on the surface in contact with a positive electrode current collector.