JPS5937053B2 - Method for preventing discoloration of wild silkworm cocoons - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 一般に繭は家蚕では白、詐蚕では茶、天蚕では緑といっ
たように特徴ある色を呈するが、これらの繭糸を衣料用
等に利用する場合、繊維を白くすることは重要な工程の
１つであり、繭糸が白いほど漂白剤による劣化が少なく
てすむという利点がある。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Generally, cocoons have a characteristic color such as white for domestic silkworms, brown for fraudulent silkworms, and green for natural silkworms, but when these cocoon threads are used for clothing etc., it is not possible to make the fibers white. This is one of the important processes, and the advantage is that the whiter the cocoon thread, the less deterioration caused by bleaching agents.

ところが杵蚕面のように繭糸中にタンニンと酵素とを含
み、吐糸中の繭糸にある程度以上の水分が含まれると、
その酵素が活性化し、タンニンをセリシン分子間に共有
結合させる繭糸では、吐糸直後の繭糸は白色であるがそ
の化学反応とともに繭は茶色化する。However, when the cocoon thread contains tannins and enzymes, as in the case of millet silkworms, and the cocoon thread that is being spun contains more than a certain amount of water,
In cocoon silk, when the enzyme is activated and covalently bonds tannin between sericin molecules, the cocoon silk is white immediately after being spun, but as the chemical reaction occurs, the cocoon turns brown.

また茶色化した繭糸は蛋白質を溶解させるようなリチウ
ムチオシアネート水溶液に浸しても容易に溶けなくなり
、茶色化した面の精練は他の面に比べて困難で、その熱
湯による線域は約４％程度となる。In addition, browned cocoon threads do not dissolve easily even when immersed in a lithium thiocyanate aqueous solution that dissolves proteins, and scouring the browned side is more difficult than other sides, and the line area caused by boiling water is about 4%. becomes.

このように面の茶色化による精練の困難さを解決するた
め、本発明はその着色防止を目的としたものである。In order to solve the difficulty of scouring due to the browning of the surface, the present invention is aimed at preventing the browning.

ところで、前述したように繭糸が繭糸に含まれている水
分によって茶色化することはすでに知られている。By the way, as mentioned above, it is already known that cocoon threads turn brown due to the moisture contained in the cocoon threads.

さて、面の白色度即ちＪＩＳ規格のＤ法を用いた白色度
と含水率との関係を杵蚕面について調べてみると第１図
に示すように含水率が１０％程度になると充分に白い繭
が得られることが解る。Now, when we investigate the relationship between the whiteness of the surface, that is, the whiteness using the D method of the JIS standard, and the moisture content of the surface of a pestle and silkworm, we find that it becomes sufficiently white when the moisture content is around 10%, as shown in Figure 1. It turns out that cocoons can be obtained.

そこで、本発明は営繭中の環境湿度を下げて含水率の小
さい繭、即ち白色度の大きい面を得る方法を提出するこ
とにある。Therefore, the present invention proposes a method for obtaining cocoons with low water content, that is, surfaces with high whiteness, by lowering the environmental humidity during cocooning.

一般に蚕が面を作るに適した温度としては２５℃程度が
最適とされているので、本発明においても２５℃を中心
とした±２〜３°Ｃの範囲において営繭中の作蚕繭が相
対湿度の変化によって、その白色度がどのように変化す
るかを検討した。In general, the optimal temperature for silkworms to make their own mats is around 25°C. Therefore, in the present invention, the cocoon-producing silkworms during cocooning can be kept at a temperature within a range of ±2 to 3°C centered around 25°C. We investigated how the whiteness changes with changes in humidity.

第２図はその結果を示すもので、Ａ点の場合その白色度
は湿度による変化はほとんど見られない。FIG. 2 shows the results. In the case of point A, the whiteness shows almost no change due to humidity.

これは上族環境の湿度を変化させるといっても、実際に
葉のかげにかくれたりしている面には風がないためその
湿度の影響が表れないものと認められる。Although this is said to change the humidity of the upper tribe's environment, it is recognized that the effect of humidity is not apparent because there is no wind on the surface that is actually hidden behind leaves.

そこで室内の風速を変えてみると、Ｂ点は風速０、１
ｍ ／ｓｅｃ 、 Ｃ点は風速０．２７７１ ／ｓｅｃ
のものであるが、風速が低い間は風速がないＡ点のもの
と同じく白色度に影響は見られないが、風速が０．３ｍ
／Ｓｅｃになると同図り点に示すように湿度４５％程度
で白色度が１０％以上になるものが表われる。So, when we change the indoor wind speed, point B has a wind speed of 0 and 1.
m/sec, point C has a wind speed of 0.2771/sec
However, while the wind speed is low, there is no effect on whiteness as with point A where there is no wind speed, but when the wind speed is 0.3 m
/Sec, as shown in the plot point, whiteness of 10% or more appears at humidity of about 45%.

風速１．０ｍ／ｓｅｃでは同図Ｆ点に示すように湿度６
５％のものでも白色度は１０％以上となり、風速の増加
は白色度に格段の向上が見られた。At a wind speed of 1.0 m/sec, the humidity is 6 as shown at point F in the same figure.
Even with a concentration of 5%, the whiteness was 10% or more, and as the wind speed increased, a marked improvement in the whiteness was observed.

上記によって明らかなように室温２３〜２８℃、相対湿
度２０〜６５％、風速０．３〜３．０ ｍ ／ｓｅｃの
上族環境のもとで営繭させるとき、白色度で２０％以上
の面を得ることができる。As is clear from the above, when cocooned in an environment with a room temperature of 23 to 28°C, a relative humidity of 20 to 65%, and a wind speed of 0.3 to 3.0 m/sec, the whiteness of the surface is 20% or more. can be obtained.

また白色度２０％以上のものでは精練のための熱水（約
９８℃）中の３時間の放置で、その面の重量減少は第３
図に示すように１０％以上の重量減となる。In addition, for products with a whiteness of 20% or more, when left in hot water (approximately 98°C) for 3 hours for scouring, the weight loss on that surface is the third.
As shown in the figure, the weight is reduced by more than 10%.

これは白色度４〜５％の普通面の２〜４％程度の重量減
に対して、そのセリシンは膨潤または溶解が著しいこと
を示し、かくてその繰糸が極めて容易となる効果を有す
る。This shows that the sericin swells or dissolves significantly compared to a weight loss of about 2 to 4% compared to a normal surface with a whiteness of 4 to 5%, and thus has the effect of extremely easy reeling.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は白色度（％）と含水率（イ）との関係図、第２
図は白色度と湿度（至）および風速（ｍ／５ｅｃ）との
関係図、第３図は白色度と線域（至）との関係図である
。Figure 1 is a diagram of the relationship between whiteness (%) and moisture content (a), Figure 2
The figure is a diagram showing the relationship between whiteness, humidity (maximum), and wind speed (m/5ec), and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between whiteness and line area (maximum).

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １ 蚕を室温２３〜２８℃、相対湿度２０〜６５％、風
速０．３〜３．０ｍ／ｓｅｃの上族環境下で上農させる
ことを特徴とする野蚕面の着色防止法。1. A method for preventing discoloration of the surface of wild silkworms, which is characterized by raising silkworms under an environment of a room temperature of 23 to 28°C, a relative humidity of 20 to 65%, and a wind speed of 0.3 to 3.0 m/sec.