JPS593141Y2 - combustion chamber of diesel engine - Google Patents
combustion chamber of diesel engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS593141Y2 JPS593141Y2 JP6752177U JP6752177U JPS593141Y2 JP S593141 Y2 JPS593141 Y2 JP S593141Y2 JP 6752177 U JP6752177 U JP 6752177U JP 6752177 U JP6752177 U JP 6752177U JP S593141 Y2 JPS593141 Y2 JP S593141Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- combustion chamber
- piston body
- present
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案はディーゼル機関の燃焼室の改良に関する。[Detailed explanation of the idea] The present invention relates to an improvement in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine.
従来、ピストン上部にドーナツ形の深い燃焼室をもつ直
接噴射式ディーゼル機関、特に小径のピストンの機関に
於ては、低負荷及び低回路による低力燃焼時に於て、同
寸法の予燃焼室式ディーゼル機関に比較すると、ピスト
ン壁面部の温度低下により青・白煙及び刺戟性の排気臭
を有する排気ガスの発生が多いと云う欠点がある。Conventionally, in direct injection diesel engines that have a donut-shaped deep combustion chamber above the piston, especially in engines with small diameter pistons, a pre-combustion chamber type with the same size is used for low-power combustion due to low load and low circuit. Compared to diesel engines, these engines have the disadvantage that they produce more exhaust gas with blue/white smoke and a pungent exhaust odor due to a drop in the temperature of the piston wall.
しかしながら、直接噴射式テ゛イーゼル機関は、熱効率
及び燃料消費料の点ですぐれているので、近年盤々使用
される傾向にあるので、前記の欠点も公害上の問題とし
て取り上げられて来ている。However, since direct injection easel engines are superior in terms of thermal efficiency and fuel consumption, they have been increasingly used in recent years, and the above-mentioned drawbacks have also been raised as a pollution problem.
一方、機関の低力燃焼時に於て、上記のピストン燃焼室
の壁面温度あ低下を防ぐため、上記壁面部を構成するピ
ストンクラウンの裏側とピストン本体の間に空胴を設け
、その空胴部の空気層によって断熱する方法をとるもの
もあるが、この場合高負荷時には逆にピストン燃焼室の
壁面温度が増大しすぎて、その壁面部の熱負荷が過大に
なると云う欠点がある。On the other hand, in order to prevent a drop in the wall surface temperature of the piston combustion chamber during low-power combustion in the engine, a cavity is provided between the back side of the piston crown constituting the wall section and the piston body. Some methods use a method of insulating the piston with an air layer, but in this case, the disadvantage is that the wall temperature of the piston combustion chamber increases too much at high loads, and the heat load on the wall becomes excessive.
そこで本考案では、前記の従来の欠点を解消するため、
ディーゼル機関の低力燃焼時に於ける青・白煙及び刺戟
性の排気臭を有する排気ガスの発生を低減せしめ、且つ
高負荷運転時には燃焼室壁面の熱負荷が過大になるのを
抑制することを目的としたものである。Therefore, in this invention, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks,
To reduce the generation of blue/white smoke and exhaust gas with a pungent exhaust odor during low-power combustion in a diesel engine, and to suppress excessive heat load on the combustion chamber wall during high-load operation. This is the purpose.
即ち、本考案は、ピストン燃焼室のピストンクラウンと
ピストン本体の間にほぼ均等な厚さの海綿状金属を円筒
状に装着してなるディーゼル機関の燃焼室から構成され
る。That is, the present invention consists of a combustion chamber for a diesel engine in which a spongy metal of approximately equal thickness is installed in a cylindrical shape between the piston crown and the piston body of the piston combustion chamber.
なお、前記海綿状金属としては、例えば特公昭４７−９
５５１号公報のアルミニウム発泡体や銅、ニッケル発泡
体など発泡プラスチックと同一発想法で製造されたもの
が知られており、該金属は、高多孔率（例えば、多孔率
８０％以上）で、可撓性に富み、かつ曲げ加工や切断な
どにより容易に所望の形状を得ることのできる加工性を
有しており、しかも三次元的に連続した網状構造の骨格
、空孔の連通構造、熱膨張性等により、その機械的性質
、吸音特性、通気性、熱伝導性等の面で独特の性能を有
する材料である。In addition, as the spongy metal, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-9
551, such as aluminum foam, copper, and nickel foam, which are manufactured using the same concept as foamed plastics, are known, and these metals have high porosity (for example, porosity of 80% or more) and It is highly flexible and has workability that allows it to easily obtain the desired shape by bending or cutting.In addition, it has a three-dimensionally continuous network structure, a continuous structure of holes, and thermal expansion. It is a material that has unique performance in terms of mechanical properties, sound absorption properties, air permeability, thermal conductivity, etc.
本考案は、このような海綿状金属の性能、加工性を有効
に活用し、かつこれをほぼ均等な厚さの円筒状としてピ
ストンクラウンとピストン本体との間に装着する巧みな
組合せによりディーゼル機関の燃焼室を改良したもので
ある。The present invention makes effective use of the performance and workability of this type of spongy metal, and by cleverly combining it into a cylindrical shape with approximately uniform thickness and installing it between the piston crown and the piston body, diesel engines can be manufactured. This is an improved version of the combustion chamber.
以下本考案の実施例を図面にもとづいて説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
第１図は本考案の実施例に於けるピストン要部の縦断面
図、第２図は全炭化水素濃度と機関冷却水温度の関係を
示す本考案に関する実験例１を示すダイヤグラム、又第
３図はピストン壁面温度と機関負荷率の関係を示す実験
例２を示すダイヤグラムである。Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part of the piston in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between total hydrocarbon concentration and engine cooling water temperature, and Experimental Example 1 related to the present invention; The figure is a diagram showing Experimental Example 2 showing the relationship between piston wall surface temperature and engine load factor.
先ず第１図について説明するに、燃料噴射弁６により燃
料噴霧方向７に噴射された燃料噴霧は、ピストン燃焼室
５に面してピストン本体１に締付ナツト４で取付けられ
たピストンクラウン２に価突するが、そのピストンクラ
ウン２の裏側にほぼ均等な厚さの円筒状の海綿状金属３
を装着する。First, referring to FIG. 1, the fuel spray injected in the fuel spray direction 7 by the fuel injection valve 6 is directed toward the piston crown 2 which faces the piston combustion chamber 5 and is attached to the piston body 1 with a tightening nut 4. However, on the back side of the piston crown 2, there is a cylindrical spongy metal 3 of approximately equal thickness.
Attach.
これにより、低力燃焼時に於て、海綿状金属３は多くの
空気孔を内蔵しているため、その空気孔内の空気が燃料
噴霧の衝突するピストンクラウン２からピストン本体１
への熱伝導を抑制し、熱が放散しないので燃焼室壁面温
度が高くなる。As a result, during low-power combustion, the spongy metal 3 has many air holes built in, so that the air in the air holes flows from the piston crown 2 where the fuel spray collides to the piston body 1.
Since heat is not dissipated, the combustion chamber wall temperature increases.
一方、高負荷運転時には、海綿状金属３自体の熱膨張に
よりピストン本体１やピストンクラウン２との密着性が
向上するため、ピストン本体１への熱伝導が向上し、燃
料噴霧の衝突するピストンクラウン２の壁面の熱負荷が
過大になるのを抑制する。On the other hand, during high-load operation, the thermal expansion of the spongy metal 3 itself improves its adhesion with the piston body 1 and the piston crown 2, which improves heat conduction to the piston body 1 and improves the piston crown where the fuel spray collides. 2. Suppress the heat load on the wall surface from becoming excessive.
なお、海綿状金属３は可撓性が大きいため、ピストンク
ラウン２とピストン本体１との間に装着する際、その変
形を利用してピストンクラウン２とピストン本体１との
間に完全に固定できるので、ピストン本体１の往復動の
慣性力によっても上下方向に移動することはない。Note that since the spongy metal 3 has great flexibility, when it is installed between the piston crown 2 and the piston body 1, it can be completely fixed between the piston crown 2 and the piston body 1 by utilizing its deformation. Therefore, the piston body 1 does not move in the vertical direction even by the inertial force of the reciprocating motion.
次に第２図は直接噴射式ディーゼル機関の燃焼室の低力
燃焼時（ｏｐｓ、１５００ ｒｐｍ、圧縮比１６．５、
吸気温度：１０℃）の本考案に関する実験例１を示すダ
イヤグラムである。Next, Figure 2 shows the low-power combustion in the combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine (ops, 1500 rpm, compression ratio 16.5,
2 is a diagram showing Experimental Example 1 regarding the present invention at an intake air temperature of 10°C.
縦軸には排気ガス中の全炭化水素濃度（ＴＨＣ）を示し
、横軸には機関冷却水温度℃を示している。The vertical axis shows the total hydrocarbon concentration (THC) in the exhaust gas, and the horizontal axis shows the engine cooling water temperature °C.
そして従来のピストンによるダイヤグラムを破線Ａで示
し、本考案になるピストン本体１によるダイヤグラムを
実線Ｂで示している。A diagram of a conventional piston is shown by a broken line A, and a diagram of a piston body 1 according to the present invention is shown by a solid line B.
全炭化水素濃度と青・白煙及び刺戟性の排気臭を有する
排気ガスの排出量とは正比例の相関関係があるので、本
ダイヤグラムから、特に機関冷態時に於て、本考案によ
るピストン本体１が従来のピストンより前記前・白煙及
び刺戟性の排気臭を有する排気ガスの排出を低減させ得
ることを実証している。Since there is a direct correlation between the total hydrocarbon concentration and the amount of exhaust gas emitted with blue/white smoke and pungent exhaust odor, it can be seen from this diagram that the piston body 1 according to the present invention, especially when the engine is cold, It has been demonstrated that the piston can reduce exhaust gas emissions with white smoke and irritating exhaust odor than conventional pistons.
更に第３図は直接噴射式ディーゼル機関の燃焼室に於い
て、ピストン燃焼室５の壁面温度を縦軸に示し、機関負
荷率を横軸に示した本考案に関する実験例２を示すダイ
ヤグラムである。Furthermore, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing Experimental Example 2 of the present invention in which the vertical axis shows the wall temperature of the piston combustion chamber 5 and the horizontal axis shows the engine load factor in the combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine. .
そして従来のピストンによるダイヤグラムを破線Ａ、本
考案のピストン本体１によるダイヤグラムを実線Ｂ、更
に本考案の海綿状金属３を装着した部分を空胴にした場
合のビス１−ンによるダイヤグラムを点線で夫々示して
いる。The diagram of the conventional piston is shown by the broken line A, the diagram of the piston body 1 of the present invention is shown by the solid line B, and the diagram of the screw 1 when the part where the spongy metal 3 of the present invention is installed is made into a cavity is shown by the dotted line. shown respectively.
このダイヤグラムに示す実験例２で判るように、機関の
低負荷時に於ては従来のピストンによる破線Ａが最も青
・白煙及び排気臭の排気ガスの発生が著しく（図中発生
域りで示している）、一方高負荷時に於ては前記の空胴
を設けた場合のピストンによる点線Ｃは、ピストン熱負
荷が過大になる（図中熱負荷過大域Ｅで示している）、
ことを実証している。As can be seen from Experimental Example 2 shown in this diagram, when the engine is under low load, the broken line A due to the conventional piston produces the most significant blue/white smoke and exhaust gas (as shown in the generation area in the figure). On the other hand, at high loads, the piston heat load will be excessive at the dotted line C due to the piston when the above-mentioned cavity is provided (indicated by the excessive heat load area E in the figure).
It has been proven that.
従って、本考案に於ける海綿状金属３を装着したピスト
ン本体１を使用すれば前記前・白煙及び刺戟性の排気臭
を有する排気ガスの発生域り及びピストン熱負荷過大域
Ｅのいずれをも避けた運転が出来ることを示している。Therefore, if the piston body 1 equipped with the spongy metal 3 of the present invention is used, both the above-mentioned exhaust gas generation region with white smoke and irritating exhaust odor and the excessive piston heat load region E can be avoided. This shows that it is possible to drive in an evasive manner.
本考案によれば、ピストン燃焼室のピストンクラウンと
ピストン本体の間にほぼ均等な厚さの海綿状金属を円筒
状に装着したので、機関の低力燃焼時に於ては、燃料噴
霧の衝突部のピストンクラウン壁面からピストン本体へ
の熱伝導を海綿状金属に内蔵される多数の空気孔内の空
気で抑制し、これにより燃焼室壁面温度を高くして、青
・白煙及び刺激性排気臭を有する排気ガスの発生を低減
させることができる。According to the present invention, a spongy metal of approximately equal thickness is installed in a cylindrical shape between the piston crown and the piston body of the piston combustion chamber, so that during low-force combustion in the engine, the collision part of the fuel spray Heat conduction from the piston crown wall to the piston body is suppressed by the air in the numerous air holes built into the spongy metal, thereby increasing the combustion chamber wall temperature and producing blue/white smoke and pungent exhaust odor. It is possible to reduce the generation of exhaust gas having
また、機関の高負荷運転時に於ては、海綿状金属を、そ
の熱膨張により、ピストンクラウン及びピストン本体と
密着させて、ピストンクラウン壁面からピストン本体へ
の熱伝導を向上させることができるので、燃料噴霧の衝
突する壁面の熱負荷が過大になるのを防止することがで
きる。In addition, during high-load operation of the engine, the spongy metal can be brought into close contact with the piston crown and piston body due to its thermal expansion, improving heat conduction from the piston crown wall surface to the piston body. It is possible to prevent the heat load on the wall surface with which the fuel spray collides from becoming excessive.
従って、本考案によれば、機関の全ての負荷域に於て燃
焼室の壁面温度をより一定にすることができる。Therefore, according to the present invention, the wall surface temperature of the combustion chamber can be made more constant in all engine load ranges.
また、海綿状金属は可撓性が大きいので、装着する際そ
の可撓性による変形を利用してピストンクラウンとピス
トン本体との間に容易かつ完全に固定することができ、
ピストン本体の往復動の慣性力によっても上下方向に移
動することがない。In addition, since the spongy metal is highly flexible, it can be easily and completely fixed between the piston crown and the piston body by utilizing the deformation due to its flexibility when installing.
The piston body does not move vertically due to the inertia of the reciprocating motion.
しかも、その海綿状金属をほぼ均等な厚さとしてピスト
ンクラウンとピストン本体の間に装着しているので、前
記低力燃焼時に於ける熱伝導の抑制や高負荷運転時に於
ける熱膨張及びそれによる熱伝導の向上を、該海綿状金
属を装着した何れの部分においても、はぼ同じ効率で達
成することができる。Moreover, since the spongy metal is installed between the piston crown and the piston body with a substantially uniform thickness, it suppresses heat conduction during low-power combustion and prevents thermal expansion during high-load operation. The improvement in heat conduction can be achieved with approximately the same efficiency in any part fitted with the cancellous metal.
従って、本考案によれば、機関の低力燃焼時に於ける青
・白煙及び刺激性の排気臭を有する排気ガスの発生を低
減せしめ、がつ高負荷運転時には燃焼室壁面の熱負荷が
過大になるのを抑制することのできる、特に小径のピス
トンのテ゛イーゼル機関に好適な燃焼室を提供すること
ができ、本考案の奏する実用上の効果は極めて顕著であ
る。Therefore, according to the present invention, the generation of blue and white smoke and exhaust gas with a pungent exhaust odor during low-power combustion of the engine can be reduced, and the heat load on the combustion chamber wall is excessive during high-load operation. It is possible to provide a combustion chamber particularly suitable for easel engines with small-diameter pistons, which can suppress the occurrence of pistons, and the practical effects of the present invention are extremely remarkable.
なお、本考案は直接噴射式ディーゼル機関、特にサウラ
ー機関の燃焼室に対して有効である。The present invention is effective for the combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine, especially a Saurer engine.
第１図は本考案の実施例に於けるピストン要部の縦断面
図、第２図は全炭化水素濃度と機関冷却水温度の関係を
示す本考案に関する実験例１を示すダイヤグラム、又第
３図はピストンの燃焼室壁面温度と機関負荷率の関係を
示す実験例２を示すダイヤグラムである。
１・・・・・・ピストン本体、２・・・・・・ピストン
クラウン、３・・・・・・海綿状金属、５・・・・・・
ビスＩ・ン燃焼室。Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part of the piston in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between total hydrocarbon concentration and engine cooling water temperature, and Experimental Example 1 related to the present invention; The figure is a diagram showing Experimental Example 2 showing the relationship between the piston combustion chamber wall surface temperature and the engine load factor. 1... Piston body, 2... Piston crown, 3... Spongy metal, 5...
Bis I・N combustion chamber.
Claims (1)
にほぼ均等な厚さの海綿状金属を円筒状に装着してなる
ディーゼル機関の燃焼室。The combustion chamber of a diesel engine consists of a cylindrical piece of spongy metal of approximately equal thickness installed between the piston crown and the piston body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6752177U JPS593141Y2 (en) | 1977-05-27 | 1977-05-27 | combustion chamber of diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6752177U JPS593141Y2 (en) | 1977-05-27 | 1977-05-27 | combustion chamber of diesel engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS53162205U JPS53162205U (en) | 1978-12-19 |
| JPS593141Y2 true JPS593141Y2 (en) | 1984-01-28 |
Family
ID=28974545
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6752177U Expired JPS593141Y2 (en) | 1977-05-27 | 1977-05-27 | combustion chamber of diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS593141Y2 (en) |
-
1977
- 1977-05-27 JP JP6752177U patent/JPS593141Y2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS53162205U (en) | 1978-12-19 |
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