JPS5925307A - Method for soil treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve selective termite-repelling effect for a long period, by treating soil with an agent containing O,O-diethyl-O-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2-phenyl-6- pyridazinyl phosphorothioate as an active component. CONSTITUTION:The compound of formula is mixed with a liquid carrier or a solid carrier to obtain a liquid or solid termite-controllig agent, which is applied to the soil in or around the site of a building. The agent is scattered to or mixed in the soil in an amount of >=2g/m<2> preferably >=5g/m<2> for mixing, and >=1g/m<2>, preferably >=5g/m<2> for scattering. Since the principal action of the long-term activity of the agent is the repelling action to termite in the above soil treatment, the agent gives little influences to the other animals and ecosystems, and accordingly, it has high safety to man and animals, is free from the problems of environmental pollution, and keeps the termite-controlling effect for a long pollution, and keeps the termite-controlling effect for a long period.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、建築物の建築区域内及びその付近の土壌を防
蟻剤で散′布、混合等により処理する、土壌処理方法に
関する。 シロアリは日当りが悪く、湿気が多くしかも割合に暖か
いところを好み、家屋であれば台所、浴室、洗面所、便
所などの木部を食害し、建物に甚大な被害を与える。ま
た近年では、鉄筋コンクリート建物内部の建材や通信用
の地下ケーブルにも被害が拡大している。我国では特に
ヤマトシロアリ、イエシロアリによる被害が著しい。一
般にイエシロアリは巣を地下に作り、そこからエザとな
る木材を求めて行動し、蟻道をのばす。又水をはこふ性
質をもつので、乾燥している木質材料も食害を受け、被
害はしん大である。一方ヤマドシロアリは食害している
場所が巣になる特徴があり、イコーノThe present invention relates to a soil treatment method for treating soil in and around the construction area of a building by spraying, mixing, etc. with a termiticide. Termites prefer sunny, humid, and relatively warm places, and they feed on the wood of kitchens, bathrooms, washrooms, and toilets, causing severe damage to buildings. In recent years, damage has also spread to building materials inside reinforced concrete buildings and underground communication cables. In our country, damage caused by Japanese termites and Japanese termites is especially significant. Generally, house termites build their nests underground, and from there they search for wood to feed on, extending their ant trails. Also, since it has the property of trapping water, dry wood materials are also susceptible to feeding damage, and the damage is severe. On the other hand, wood termites have the characteristic that they make their nests in places where they have been damaged by feeding.

【二ノアリと比較
すれば、被害は軽微であるが、発生びん度は高（シロア
リ被害のほとんどがこのヤマ１〜シロアリによるもので
ある。いずれのシロアリも土壌中を移りＪする為、シロ
アリの防除は被害を受（〕る木部に直接シロアリ防除処
理を施す、木部処理方法以外に、建物の基礎内外を中２
０ｃｍにわたり土壌に薬剤を散布したり、混合したりす
る」二環処理方法が行なわれている。この土壌処理に用
いる単位処理面積当りの薬剤量は、地中まで薬剤を／３
１ｉ：遇させる為木部処理方法の場合より多いのが普通
であり、又土壌処理法の中でも、散布法よりさらに深く
まで薬剤を含有させる混合法の方が薬剤量は多い。従来
、土壌処理方法に使われているクロルデンは長期間に渡
る野外試験での実績がある。反面、ＤＤＴ、　γ−ＢＨ
Ｃ，アルドリン、ディルドリンと同様有機塩素系の薬剤
であるので、りに１ルチンは高濃度で使用した場合、人
畜に対する毒性が高く臭気があり、従って作業者の安全
性、降雨流説による環境汚染等に問題があった。 本発明の目的は人畜に対する安全性が高＜、環境汚染の
問題がなくかつ長期のシ［１アリ予防り１果を持った土
壌処理方法を提供することにある。 本発明者らは、次式： ヒト口−３−オキソ−２−フェニル−６−ピリダジニル
ホスホロチオニー１・（以下、本ホスボロチオエートと
略称する）を有効成分とする薬剤を土壌に含有させるこ
とにより、長期にわたりソロアリを選択的に忌避する効
果が得られることを見出した。 本ボスホロチオエートは農業用殺虫剤に有効な低毒性自
機燐剤として知られている。例えば、Ｂｒｅｕｉｌの米
国特許第２，７５９，９３７号に殺虫、殺ダニ刑として
を効であることが記載され、特公昭５１−１４５６８号
および特公昭５２−４６２８８号にニカメイガおよびツ
マグロヨコバイの防除に用いることが記載されている。 従来使用されていたｒ−ＢＨＣ，ＤＤＴ、ディル１−リ
ン等は蓄積性、■分解性、発ガン性等の人畜にりｊする
毒性が高く且つ環境汚染の恐れがあるため使用か禁市さ
れている。又現在使用されているりｌ二Ｊルデンも急性
毒性ＬＤ５０値が経口で２８０〜５７０１■／ｋｇ（ラ
ット）、経皮で５３０〜７００＋ｎｇ／ｋｇ（ラノｌｉ
、又魚毒性についてはＴＬｍが４８時間で０．２６ｐｐ
ｍ（コイ）、０．１ｐｐｍ（ヒメダカ）と高い。これに
対して本発明の土壌処理力法に用いる処理薬剤が含有す
る本ホスホロチオニーＩ・の毒性は極めて低く、例えば
急性毒性１、、　Ｄ　５０値か経口Ｔ：　７６９　＋ｗ
／ｋｇ　（ラソｔｉ　、経皮で２３００　ｍｇ／ｋｇ　
（ラソｌ−）である。亜急性、慢性毒性試験に於ても異
常は認められず、発ガン性、変異原性試験においても陰
性である。魚毒性についてはＴ　Ｌ　ｍ値が４８時間で
１２ｐｐｍ（コイ）、１０ｐｐｍ（ヒメダカ）などで、
本ホスホじ１チオエートは人畜魚類に対する毒性が極め
て低い。 本発明の土壌処理方法に用いる処理薬剤は、通常使用さ
れている土壌処理剤と同様に各種の担体、補助剤と共に
各種のｌｆｋ体又は固体製剤形態、たとえば乳剤、粉剤
などとして使用できる。他の殺虫剤などを追加混合する
こともできる。 本発明の土壌処理方法を実際に適用する場合、従来の土
壌処理方法と同様混合法や散布法を用いることができる
。本発明の土壌処理方法は土壌の種類、性質、当該地域
の気候の特性、シロアリの種類等により異なる適用形態
をとる。適用量については、本ボスホロチオニー１・を
混合法の場合２ｇ　／　ｎ？以」二、好ましくは５　ｇ
／＝以上、散布法の場合１　ｇ／ｍ以上、好ましくは５
　ｇ　／　ｒｒ：以上土壌に含有させれば良く、」二限
の制限はないが、特に大量施用の必要はなく、保健衛生
上、安全面から混合法の場合１００　ｇ／ｎ（以下、散
布法の場合１ｏ　ｏ　ｇ／＝以下が好ましい。従来のク
ロルデンによる土壌処理は散布法で６０〜１００　ｇ／
ｍツよを必要とし、本発明の方法はそれよりはるかに少
ない薬量で同等またはそれ以上の目的を達成できる。又
りじＪルデンにより処理された土壌においては、ソｌ：
Ｊアリ以外の他の動物も無差別に死滅させるのに７・１
し、本発明の土壌処理方法は長門的な効力の主体がンじ
Ｊアリにりｊする忌避的作用にあるため、他のωノ物、
生態系に与える影響が少なく、環境〆η染の少ないずく
れた土壌処理方法である。以下実施例を挙げて説明する
が、本ホスポロチオニー　１−の配合割合、補助成分お
よびその添加量はそれに限定されるものではない。 実施例１ 野外のシロアリの生息する地域に直径１５ｃｍ、を茅さ
３Ｑｃｍの穴をはり、はり出した土壌と本ホスポロチオ
ニー１・４０％乳剤（配合）、本ホスホロチオニー１・
５０％粉剤（配合）、スミチオン５０％乳剤（住友化学
工業製）、クロルデン５０％乳剤（配合）、ナック１５
％乳剤（日産化学工業Ｍ）、ハイ９，１〜５０％乳剤（
日本特殊農業製）それぞれのる釈ｔ１νとを混合し、そ
の各々の試験区（５本くり返し）にアカマツ辺祠（３０
ｘ３０ｘ３５０ｍ＋＋）を埋設し１年後、５年後に調査
を行なった。 薬剤量は５１！　／　ｒｄとし粉剤においては１０ｇ、
４ｇ　＋　２　ｇ　／　’とした。又試験区域の配置は
ランダムとした。又」二記薬剤希釈液を土Ｉｎ　（直径
１５０ｍ）に散布し、アカマツ辺祠（３０Ｘ３０Ｘ１５
０ｍｍ）を設置し同様に１年後、５年後に調査を行なっ
た。 配合例は次のｉｊｌす 」−１Ｌ 本ボスホロチオエート　　　４０部 界面活性剤　　　　　　　　１０会１ 粉剤 本ボスポロチオニー１へ　　　５０部 鉱物製粉末　　　　　　　　５０眠 合計１００部 り−一覧：＋−！、ｖ１７−２ソ遺 り１Ｊルデン　　　　　　　　５０ＩＩＩｉ界山ｊｌ占
ｉｌｌ　剤１　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　１０
　部ケ「Ｊノン　　　　　　　　　４０部 合剖１００部 使用例は次の通り 本ホスホ■−２チオエート乳剤　４００倍希釈、　１０
００希釈、　２０００倍希釈スミチオン乳剤　　　　　
　５００　　　　１２５０ハイツノＩ・乳剤 りｔｒルデン乳剤　　　　　　　５０　　　　１２５プ
　ツク１Ｌ剤　　　　　　　　　　１５０　　　　　３
７５結果を第１，２表に示す。 第１表 経年毎の被害本数 第２表 経年毎の被害本数 本ポスポｌ：Ｉチオエートは少量でも少くとも５年間自
−リＪである。スミチオン等の農薬では１年後でも被害
かでており、クロルデンは大量（本ボスボロチオエート
の約２５〜５０倍以上）に使用しなければ有効でなく、
このような大量使用は次に述べるように生態系上問題で
ある。 実施例２ 実施例１において２年目に各薬剤処理土壌の一部をガラ
スシャーレにとり、これにナメクシ、ヤスデ、ダンゴム
シを各３頭づつ入れた。２５゛ｃ±２°Ｃ，ＲＨ７５％
の恒温器中に放置し、４８時間後にこれら供試虫の状態
を観察した。又比較の為処理直後及び２年後の土壌を用
いてシロアリ　（１００頭供試）についても実験を行な
った。結果を第３表に示す。 第３表 、二の結果かられかるように、本ボスホロチオニー１を
含む±１１６はいずれの動物に対しても殺滅さυるりＪ
力はな′＜、生態系に無害とめなされ、これはスミチオ
ン等の農薬と同様である。なおりロルデン処理土壌はシ
ロアリに対して有効であるが、す′メクツ、ヤスデ、ダ
ンゴムシをも無差別に死滅さけ一１生態系に悪影響を及
はす。 実施例３ 実施例１で使用した野外で２年を経過した薬剤混合土壌
を用いて、第１および２図に示す装置にて各薬剤処理土
壌のシロアリに対する忌避効果を調べる実験を行なった
。 シロアリ忌避すＪ果実験装置Ｃｊ、第１および２図に示
すように、直方体容器１１に上半部がガラス板、下半部
が穴あきアクリル板よりなる仕切Ｆｊ、１２を設けたも
のである。仕切板の片側の室１３に無処理土壌を入れ、
他側の大きな室１４に処理土壌を入れる。処理土壌室１
４にアカマツ辺材１５（５０ｘ５０ｘ１５０關）を半分
埋め込め、無処理上ｌ翼室１３にシロアリを投入する。 容器１１にガラス板１６で蓋をする。 薬剤処理土壌は、あらかしめ２５°Ｃ±２°Ｃ，ＲＨ７
５％の恒温器中で１週間調整しておいた。ソ〔１アリ忌
避効果実験装置中の無処理土壌図中にシロアリ１００頭
を投入し、この装置を２５°Ｃ±２°ｃ、ＲＨ７５％の
恒温器中に１０日間放置した。 その後無処理土壌、処理土壌をとりだしてふるいをかげ
て各々の処理区中のシロアリの生死、アカマツ辺材の食
害を観察した。なおシロアリは野外採取したヤマトシロ
アリ及びイエシロアリを用いた。結果を第４表に示す。 第４表 ノし】アリ忌避効果試験結果 音−食害あり →普　はげしい喰占 、−の結果は、本ホスホＬ１チオエート処理土壌のシロ
アリに対する主たる効力は忌避的効力であることを示し
ている。ずなわぢ、初期におりる主たる’Ｊ力は殺シロ
アリ効力であるが、これはしつつきゼす、２年後には殺
シロアリリＪ力は消失しており、それ以降はシロアリに
対する忌避的りＪ力により、長期間木祠をシロアリの被
害から守ることが明らかになった。 実施例４ 群馬県伊勢崎市へ斗島の住宅４軒を交互に本ボスホロチ
オニー１・による土壌処理区及び無処理区に別け、４年
後に被害調査を行なった。調査個所は台所及び浴室とし
た。住宅の配置と間取りを第３図に示す。結果を次に示
す。 第５表 被害調査結果 （注）分母は調査住宅数、分子は被害住宅数を示す。[Compared to the termites, the damage is minor, but the degree of occurrence is high (most termite damage is caused by these termites. All termites move through the soil, so termites Termite control involves applying termite control treatment directly to the damaged wood.
A two-ring treatment method is being used in which chemicals are sprayed or mixed over a 0 cm distance into the soil. The amount of chemical per unit treatment area used for this soil treatment is to reach the depth of the soil by /3
1i: The amount of chemicals is usually higher than in the xylem treatment method, and among soil treatment methods, the amount of chemicals is higher in the mixing method, which allows the chemicals to be contained deeper than in the spraying method. Chlordane, which has traditionally been used in soil treatment methods, has a proven track record in long-term field tests. On the other hand, DDT, γ-BH
Like C, aldrin, and dieldrin, it is an organochlorine-based drug, so when used in high concentrations, rutin is highly toxic to humans and animals, and has an odor, which poses a risk to worker safety, environmental pollution due to rainfall, etc. There was a problem. An object of the present invention is to provide a soil treatment method that is highly safe for humans and livestock, has no problems with environmental pollution, and has long-term protection against insects. The present inventors have developed a drug containing as an active ingredient the following formula: It has been found that by including it in the soil, the effect of selectively repelling solo ants can be obtained over a long period of time. This bosphorothioate is known as a low-toxic autophosphor agent that is effective as an agricultural insecticide. For example, Breuil's U.S. Patent No. 2,759,937 describes that it is effective as an insecticide and acaricide, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 14568/1982 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 46288/1988 describe that it is used to control the Japanese leafhopper and leafhopper. It is stated that. Conventionally used r-BHC, DDT, dill-1-phosphorus, etc. are highly toxic to humans and animals such as accumulative, degradable, and carcinogenic, and their use is prohibited due to the risk of environmental pollution. ing. In addition, the acute toxicity LD50 value of the currently used LD50 is 280-5701 ng/kg (rat) for oral administration, and 530-700+ ng/kg for dermal administration (rat).
Regarding fish toxicity, TLm was 0.26pp in 48 hours.
m (carp) and 0.1 ppm (himedaka). On the other hand, the toxicity of the present phosphorothiony I, which is contained in the treatment agent used in the soil treatment method of the present invention, is extremely low, for example, acute toxicity 1, D50 value or oral T: 769 +w
/kg (Lasoti, 2300 mg/kg transdermally)
(Laso l-). No abnormalities were observed in subacute or chronic toxicity tests, and carcinogenicity and mutagenicity tests were also negative. Regarding fish toxicity, the T Lm value was 12 ppm (carp), 10 ppm (medaka), etc. in 48 hours.
This phosphodi-1-thioate has extremely low toxicity to livestock and fish. The treatment agent used in the soil treatment method of the present invention can be used in the form of various lfk or solid preparations, such as emulsions and powders, together with various carriers and adjuvants, as well as commonly used soil treatment agents. Other insecticides can also be added. When the soil treatment method of the present invention is actually applied, a mixing method or a spraying method can be used as in conventional soil treatment methods. The soil treatment method of the present invention takes different application forms depending on the type and nature of the soil, the characteristics of the climate of the region, the type of termites, etc. As for the application amount, this Boshorothiony 1.2g/n? for the mixed method. 2, preferably 5 g
/= or more, in the case of spraying method, 1 g/m or more, preferably 5
g/rr: It is sufficient if the soil contains more than 100 g/rr (hereinafter referred to as spraying method). In the case of 1 o o g/= or less is preferable.Conventional soil treatment with chlordane is 60 to 100 g/= by spraying method.
The method of the present invention achieves the same or better purpose with much lower doses. In the soil treated by Matariji J Ruden, Sol:
7.1 to indiscriminately kill other animals other than J ants.
However, since the main effect of the soil treatment method of the present invention is in the repellent action against ants, other substances such as
It is a soil treatment method that has less impact on the ecosystem and causes less environmental damage. Examples will be described below, but the blending ratio of the present Phosporothiony 1-, the auxiliary components, and the amounts added thereof are not limited thereto. Example 1 A hole with a diameter of 15 cm and a thatch of 3 Q cm was dug in an outdoor area where termites live, and the protruding soil was mixed with the present phosphorothiony 1.40% emulsion (compound) and the present phosphorothiony 1.
50% powder (combination), Sumithion 50% emulsion (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical), Chlordane 50% emulsion (combination), Knack 15
% emulsion (Nissan Chemical Industry M), high 9.1-50% emulsion (
(Made by Japan Tokushu Agricultural Co., Ltd.) were mixed with t1ν, and Akamatsu Henshi (30
Surveys were conducted one year and five years after burying the area (x30x350m++). The amount of drugs is 51! /rd and 10g for powder,
4g + 2g/'. In addition, the arrangement of the test areas was random. In addition, the diluted chemical solution described in "2" was sprayed on the soil (150 m in diameter), and a red pine shrine (30 x 30 x 15
0mm), and the same survey was conducted 1 year and 5 years later. Examples of formulations are as follows - 1L Bosphorothioate 40 parts Surfactant 10 parts 1 Powder Bosporothiony 1 50 parts Mineral powder 50 parts Total 100 parts - List: +-! , v17-2 Sorei 1J Ruden 50IIIi Kaizan jl fortune ill agent 1 10
Example of use of J-Non 40 parts and 100 parts is as follows: This phospho-2 thioate emulsion 400 times diluted, 10
00 dilution, 2000 times dilution Sumithion emulsion
500 1250 High Tsuno I Emulsion 50 125 Plug 1L 150 3
75 results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1: Number of trees damaged over the years Table 2: Number of trees damaged over time Postpol: Even in small amounts, I-thioate remains self-reliant for at least 5 years. Pesticides such as sumithion cause damage even after one year, and chlordane is not effective unless used in large quantities (approximately 25 to 50 times more than bosborothioate).
Such extensive use poses an ecological problem as described below. Example 2 In Example 1, in the second year, a portion of each chemically treated soil was placed in a glass petri dish, and three slugs, millipedes, and pill bugs were placed therein. 25°c±2°C, RH75%
After 48 hours, the condition of these test insects was observed. For comparison, an experiment was also conducted on termites (100 termites) using soil immediately after treatment and two years later. The results are shown in Table 3. As can be seen from the results in Table 3, 2, ±116 containing this Bosholothiony 1 was not killed against any animal.
It is considered harmless to the ecosystem, similar to pesticides such as Sumithion. Naori Rolden-treated soil is effective against termites, but it also indiscriminately kills termites, millipedes, and pill bugs, which has a negative impact on the ecosystem. Example 3 Using the chemical-mixed soil used in Example 1 that had been outdoors for two years, an experiment was conducted to examine the termite repellent effect of each chemical-treated soil using the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the termite-repelling J fruit experiment device Cj is a rectangular parallelepiped container 11 provided with a partition Fj, 12 whose upper half is made of a glass plate and whose lower half is made of a perforated acrylic plate. . Put untreated soil in chamber 13 on one side of the partition plate,
The treated soil is placed in the large chamber 14 on the other side. Treated soil chamber 1
Half of red pine sapwood 15 (50 x 50 x 150 squares) was buried in 4, and termites were introduced into the wing chamber 13 without any treatment. The container 11 is covered with a glass plate 16. Chemically treated soil is kept at approximately 25°C ± 2°C, RH7.
It was kept in a 5% incubator for one week. [1] 100 termites were placed in an untreated soil map in an ant repellent effect experimental device, and the device was left in a thermostat at 25°C±2°C and 75% RH for 10 days. Thereafter, the untreated soil and the treated soil were taken out and sieved to observe whether termites were alive or dead and whether they were feeding on the sapwood of Japanese red pine in each treated area. The termites used were Yamato termites and Japanese termites collected in the field. The results are shown in Table 4. [Table 4] Ant repellent effect test results: Sound - feeding damage -> normal - severe eating - indicates that the main effect of the present phospho-L1 thioate-treated soil against termites is the repellent effect. Zunawaji's main 'J' power in the early stage is the termite-killing effect, but this disappears after two years, and the termite-killing power disappears, and after that, the termite-killing effect disappears. It has been revealed that the power protects wooden shrines from termite damage for a long period of time. Example 4 Four houses on Doo Island in Isesaki City, Gunma Prefecture were divided alternately into soil treatment areas and non-treatment areas with Boshorochioni 1, and a damage survey was conducted four years later. The survey areas were the kitchen and bathroom. Figure 3 shows the layout and floor plan of the house. The results are shown below. Table 5 Damage Survey Results (Note) The denominator indicates the number of surveyed houses, and the numerator indicates the number of damaged houses.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図および第２図はそれぞれシロアリ忌避効果実験装
置の線図的平面図および断面図、第３図は土壌処理実験
を行った住宅の配置図および間取り図である。 特許出願人　　　山陽木材防腐株式会社同　　　　　三
井東圧化学株式会社 第３図FIGS. 1 and 2 are a schematic plan view and a cross-sectional view of the termite repellent effect experiment apparatus, respectively, and FIG. 3 is a layout and floor plan of the house where the soil treatment experiment was conducted. Patent applicant Sanyo Wood Preservation Co., Ltd. Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Figure 3

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 ＋１１　　建築物の建築区域内及びその付近の土壌を防
蟻剤で処理するにあたり、下記構造式コで表わされる０
、０−ジエチル−〇−２，３−ソヒトロー３−オキソー
２−フェニル−６−ピリダジニルポスホロチオエートを
有効成分とする薬剤を土壌に含有させることを特徴とす
る土壌処理方法。 ｉｚｌ　　Ｊ二記ホスボロナオエートをｌ＆体担体と混
合して液体形態の薬剤とし、これを土壌に散布または混
合する’ｌ！ｒ許請求の範囲第１項記載の方法。 （３）上記ホスポロチオニーｉ−を固体担体と混合して
固形の薬剤とし、これを土壌と混合する特許請求の範囲
第１項記載の方法。 （４）混合法により上記ホスホロチオニー１−を土壌に
１１当り２ｇ以上の量含有させる特許請求の範囲第１〜
３項のいずれかに記載の方法。 （５）散布法により上記ホスホロチオエートを土壌に１
．（当り１ｇ以」二の量含有させる特許請求の範囲第１
または２項記載の方法。[Claims] +11 In treating the soil in and around the construction area of a building with a termiticide, 0 expressed by the following structural formula
, 0-diethyl-〇-2,3-sohythro-3-oxo-2-phenyl-6-pyridazinyl phosphorothioate as an active ingredient. izl J2 Phosboronaoate is mixed with a carrier to form a liquid form of the drug, which is then sprayed or mixed into the soil.'l! The method according to claim 1. (3) The method according to claim 1, wherein the phosporothiony i- is mixed with a solid carrier to form a solid drug, and this is mixed with soil. (4) The above-mentioned phosphorothiony 1- is contained in the soil in an amount of 2 g or more per 11 by a mixing method.
The method described in any of Section 3. (5) Apply the above phosphorothioate to the soil by spraying.
．． Claim No. 1 containing an amount of (1 g or more per unit)
Or the method described in Section 2.