JPS5923768B2 - Heat pump drying method and device for drying shiitake mushrooms - Google Patents
Heat pump drying method and device for drying shiitake mushroomsInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5923768B2 JPS5923768B2 JP51037409A JP3740976A JPS5923768B2 JP S5923768 B2 JPS5923768 B2 JP S5923768B2 JP 51037409 A JP51037409 A JP 51037409A JP 3740976 A JP3740976 A JP 3740976A JP S5923768 B2 JPS5923768 B2 JP S5923768B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- drying
- drying chamber
- air
- shiitake mushrooms
- heat pump
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、生椎茸を適温、適湿による好条件のもとで酵
素の作用を活発化させながら乾燥した後、さらに乾燥む
らの解消と酵素の失活とをおこなうことにより、良質の
乾燥椎茸を得ることを目的とするヒートポンプ式椎茸乾
燥方法およびその装置に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention involves drying fresh shiitake mushrooms under favorable conditions of appropriate temperature and humidity while activating the action of enzymes, and then further eliminating uneven drying and deactivating enzymes. The present invention relates to a heat pump type shiitake mushroom drying method and apparatus for the purpose of obtaining high quality dried shiitake mushrooms.
周知のように、生椎茸を乾燥して乾燥椎茸を得るには乾
燥温度を約30℃以上約50℃以下にして、酵素の作用
を活発化させながら乾燥し、その後で約55〜65℃の
温度を約1時間与えることによって酵素な失活、すなわ
ち機能を停止させる工程を必要とする。As is well known, in order to obtain dried shiitake mushrooms by drying fresh shiitake mushrooms, the drying temperature is set at about 30°C to about 50°C to activate the action of enzymes, and then dried at about 55 to 65°C. It requires a step of inactivating the enzyme, ie, stopping its function, by applying temperature for about 1 hour.
しかしながら、従来の熱風乾燥によれば、外気を導入し
て加熱しながら熱風となし、乾燥室内に送風しながら生
椎茸中の水分を蒸発させて水蒸気とともに熱風を外気に
放出して乾燥しているため、雨天時のように外気が高湿
度であると、たとえ加熱したとしても50℃以下の低温
度では乾燥空気にすることができず、乾燥効率は著しく
低下し、乾燥時間も15〜18時間の長時間を必要とし
、作業能率の低下を招いていた。However, according to conventional hot air drying, outside air is introduced and heated to produce hot air, and the water in the raw shiitake mushrooms is evaporated while being blown into the drying chamber, and the hot air is released with water vapor to the outside air for drying. Therefore, if the outside air is highly humid, such as during rainy weather, even if heated, it will not be possible to dry the air at a low temperature of 50℃ or less, resulting in a significant drop in drying efficiency and a drying time of 15 to 18 hours. This required a long period of time, leading to a decrease in work efficiency.
また、晴天時と雨天時、あるいは気候の変化によっても
外気の状態が変化するので、その都度乾燥条件が変化し
てしまい、乾燥の失敗を招くこともあり、それを防止せ
んとすれば、高度の−が要求される。In addition, the outside air conditions change depending on whether it is sunny or rainy or due to changes in climate, so the drying conditions change each time, which can lead to failure in drying. - is required.
本発明(i、上記のような従来の欠点を除くためになさ
れたもので、天候の変化に左右されることなく、良質の
乾燥椎茸を得ることができ、しかも、取扱い容易な椎茸
の乾燥方法およびその装置を提供せんとするものである
。The present invention (i) is a method for drying shiitake mushrooms, which has been made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method, and allows obtaining dried shiitake mushrooms of good quality without being affected by changes in weather, and which is easy to handle. and its equipment.
以下、本発明の実施の態様を例示図にもとづいて説明す
ると、第1図および第2図に示すように、密閉した乾燥
室1内に仕切壁2を設けて、互いに連通する被乾燥物収
容部3と乾燥室1内空気の循環路4を形成し、その循環
路4にヒーター5を付設する。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on illustrative drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a partition wall 2 is provided in a closed drying chamber 1, and drying materials are stored in communication with each other. A circulation path 4 for the air inside the drying chamber 1 is formed with the section 3, and a heater 5 is attached to the circulation path 4.
被乾燥物収容部3の上下方向に網または多孔板等からな
る通気性の乾燥棚6を複数段載置し、その乾燥棚6の上
部あるいは下部、もしくはその両部に循環送風機7を取
り付け、循環空気を乾燥棚6の上から下にあるいは下か
ら上に通気できるように構成する。A plurality of air-permeable drying shelves 6 made of nets or perforated plates are placed in the vertical direction of the drying material storage section 3, and a circulation blower 7 is attached to the upper or lower part of the drying shelves 6, or both. The structure is such that circulating air can be ventilated from the top to the bottom of the drying shelf 6 or from the bottom to the top.
8はヒートポンプ式除湿乾燥機で、その吹出口9および
吸込口10をそれぞれ乾燥室1の上部および下部に連通
する。Reference numeral 8 denotes a heat pump type dehumidifying dryer, and its outlet 9 and suction port 10 are communicated with the upper and lower parts of the drying chamber 1, respectively.
11はヒートポンプ式除湿乾燥機8の蒸発器12下方に
設けた除湿凝縮水受用のトレーで、トレー11の底に排
水口15を設け、水タンク16に連通しである。Reference numeral 11 denotes a tray for receiving dehumidified condensed water provided below the evaporator 12 of the heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8. A drain port 15 is provided at the bottom of the tray 11 and communicates with a water tank 16.
水タンク16は適時乾燥室1外に取り出せるようになっ
ている。The water tank 16 can be taken out of the drying room 1 at any time.
ヒートポンプ式除湿乾燥機8は例えば実公昭42−70
0号公報に記載されたいるように、圧縮機(図示せず)
、蒸発器12、凝縮器13からなる冷凍サイクルで、乾
燥室1内空気を吸込口10かも吸込んで蒸発器12によ
り冷却凝縮して被乾燥物から奪った水分を除湿した後、
凝縮器13により加熱して乾燥空気を送風機14で吹出
口9から乾燥室1内に送るように構成されている。For example, the heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8 is
As described in Publication No. 0, a compressor (not shown)
In a refrigeration cycle consisting of an evaporator 12 and a condenser 13, the air inside the drying chamber 1 is sucked in through the suction port 10, and the air is cooled and condensed by the evaporator 12 to dehumidify the moisture taken from the dried material.
The dry air is heated by a condenser 13 and is sent into the drying chamber 1 from an outlet 9 by a blower 14.
乾燥室1内空気はサーモスタット(図示せず)により一
定温度に制御できるようにされている。The air inside the drying chamber 1 can be controlled at a constant temperature by a thermostat (not shown).
上記構成にもとづいてその作用を説明すると、まず、サ
ーモスタットにより乾燥温度を例えば40℃に設定し、
ヒートポンプ式除湿乾燥機8を運転するとともに、循環
送風機7を作動して、乾燥室1内空気を循環する。To explain its function based on the above configuration, first, the drying temperature is set to, for example, 40°C by the thermostat.
The heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8 is operated, and the circulation blower 7 is operated to circulate the air inside the drying chamber 1.
乾燥室1内空気は乾燥室1内を強制循環しながら、一部
はヒートポンプ式除湿乾燥機8の下部吸込口10から吸
込まれて蒸発器12により冷却除湿された後、除湿され
た空気は凝縮器13で加熱されて乾燥空気となって吹田
口9より送風機14で乾燥室1にもどされる。While the air inside the drying chamber 1 is forcibly circulated within the drying chamber 1, a portion of the air is sucked in through the lower suction port 10 of the heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8, cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator 12, and then the dehumidified air is condensed. The dry air is heated in the container 13 and returned to the drying room 1 through the Suita outlet 9 by the blower 14.
乾燥室1内温度が設定温度の40°Cに達すると、乾燥
棚6に生椎茸17を載置し、乾燥室1内に仕込む。When the temperature inside the drying chamber 1 reaches the set temperature of 40° C., fresh shiitake mushrooms 17 are placed on the drying rack 6 and placed in the drying chamber 1.
一定時間経過すると生椎茸17は目的の含水率近くまで
乾燥する。After a certain period of time, the fresh shiitake mushrooms 17 are dried to a moisture content close to the desired level.
このとき、生椎茸11中の水分は、乾燥空気中に蒸発し
、吸込口10に吸込まれてヒートポンプ式除湿乾燥機8
の蒸発器12で冷却凝縮され、凝縮水となってトレー1
1に落下し、さらに排水口15を経て水タンク16内に
収容回収される。At this time, the moisture in the fresh shiitake mushrooms 11 evaporates into the dry air, is sucked into the suction port 10, and is drawn into the heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8.
It is cooled and condensed in the evaporator 12, and becomes condensed water on the tray 1.
1, and further passes through the drain port 15 and is collected and stored in the water tank 16.
次に、ヒートポンプ式除湿乾燥機8の運転を停止して、
ヒーター5を作動する。Next, the operation of the heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8 is stopped, and
Activate heater 5.
乾燥室1内空気は、ヒーター5で約55°C〜65℃に
加熱されながら乾燥室1内を循環するが、ヒートポンプ
式除湿乾燥機8は停止しているので除湿されず恒湿の状
態に維持される。The air in the drying chamber 1 is heated to approximately 55°C to 65°C by the heater 5 and circulates within the drying chamber 1, but since the heat pump dehumidifying dryer 8 is stopped, it is not dehumidified and remains in a constant humidity state. maintained.
従って、乾燥椎茸は、恒湿、恒温の空気と接触するので
次第に乾燥むらが解消されるとともに、約55℃〜65
°Cの温度の熱風により繁殖していた酵素は失活する。Therefore, as dried shiitake mushrooms come into contact with air of constant humidity and constant temperature, uneven drying will gradually be eliminated, and the
The enzymes that were propagated by the hot air at a temperature of °C are deactivated.
さらに好ましくは、生椎茸17は乾燥棚6上に、かさを
下に柄を上にして、かさの裏側にあるヒダが上向きにな
るように載置する。More preferably, the fresh shiitake mushrooms 17 are placed on the drying rack 6 with the caps down and the stalks up, with the folds on the back side of the caps facing upward.
ヒダが下向きになると、乾燥中に、ヒダに付着していた
胞子が落下してしまうので、栄養価を低下させるもとと
なる。If the folds are facing downward, the spores attached to the folds will fall off during drying, resulting in a decrease in nutritional value.
さらに、上記のように載置した生椎茸17に、循環送風
機7の送風により乾燥空気を上から下に向けて循環接触
させれば、熱風が生椎茸17のかさの裏面に作用してそ
の縁をほど良くまき込ませ、形は良くなって商品価値を
高める。Furthermore, if the fresh shiitake mushrooms 17 placed as described above are brought into contact with the dry air blown from the top to the bottom by the circulation blower 7, the hot air acts on the underside of the caps of the fresh shiitake mushrooms 17 and the edges thereof. By incorporating just the right amount of ingredients, the shape improves and the product value increases.
また、ヒートポンプ式除湿乾燥機8を停止してヒーター
5を作動する場合には、前記循環送風機Iを逆転して、
乾燥室1内空気を乾燥棚6の下方から上方に向けて乾燥
椎茸に循環接触させると、熱風が乾燥椎茸のかさの表面
に作用して、ツヤが出て色沢を良くし、商品価値を高め
る。In addition, when the heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8 is stopped and the heater 5 is activated, the circulation blower I is reversed.
When the air inside the drying chamber 1 is circulated and brought into contact with the dried shiitake mushrooms from the bottom to the top of the drying rack 6, the hot air acts on the surface of the dried shiitake mushroom caps, making them glossy, improving their color, and increasing their commercial value. enhance
以上型するに、本発明は乾燥室1内空気をヒートポンプ
式除湿乾燥機8の蒸発器12により冷却除湿して、凝縮
器13により加熱した乾燥空気を送風機14で乾燥室1
内に送風するとともに、乾燥室1内に設けた循環送風機
1で、乾燥室1内空気を強制的に循環させ、乾燥室1内
に収容した生椎茸17を、その酵素の作用を活発化させ
ながら乾燥した後、ヒートポンプ式除湿乾燥機8の運転
を停止するとともに、乾燥室1内に配設したヒーター5
を運転しながら、前記循環送風機7の送風により、乾燥
椎茸17の乾燥むらを解消し、かつ、酵素を失活させる
ことを特徴とするヒートポンプ式椎茸乾燥方法であり、
また、密閉乾燥室1内に、仕切壁2を設けて被乾燥物収
容部3と乾燥室1内空気の循環路4とを形成するととも
に、それぞれの上部及び下部を互いに連通し、被乾燥物
収容部3に通気性の乾燥棚6を複数段設け、循環路4に
ヒーター5を配設し、さらに、乾燥室1内の適当個所に
乾燥室1内空気を強制的に循環させる循環送風機7を設
けるとともに、乾燥室1の上部と下部とをそれぞれ除湿
乾燥機8の吹出口9と吸込口10に連通して、除湿乾燥
機8の運転と、ヒーター5の停止から除湿乾燥機8の停
止とヒーター5の運転に切換え可能に構成したことを特
徴とするヒートポンプ式椎茸乾燥装置である。To summarize as described above, the present invention cools and dehumidifies the air inside the drying chamber 1 using the evaporator 12 of the heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8, and the dry air heated by the condenser 13 is sent to the drying chamber 1 using the blower 14.
At the same time, the air inside the drying chamber 1 is forcibly circulated by a circulation blower 1 installed in the drying chamber 1, and the enzyme action of the raw shiitake mushrooms 17 housed in the drying chamber 1 is activated. After drying, the operation of the heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8 is stopped, and the heater 5 installed in the drying room 1 is turned off.
A heat pump method for drying shiitake mushrooms, which is characterized in that, while operating, the circulating fan 7 blows air to eliminate uneven drying of the dried shiitake mushrooms 17 and deactivate enzymes.
In addition, a partition wall 2 is provided in the closed drying chamber 1 to form a drying material storage section 3 and a circulation path 4 for the air inside the drying chamber 1, and the upper and lower portions of each are communicated with each other, and the drying material is A plurality of air-permeable drying shelves 6 are provided in the housing section 3, a heater 5 is provided in the circulation path 4, and a circulation blower 7 is provided that forcibly circulates the air inside the drying chamber 1 to appropriate locations within the drying chamber 1. At the same time, the upper and lower parts of the drying chamber 1 are communicated with the air outlet 9 and the suction port 10 of the dehumidifying dryer 8, respectively, so that the dehumidifying dryer 8 can be operated and the heater 5 can be stopped. This heat pump type shiitake mushroom drying device is characterized in that it is configured so that the operation of the heater 5 can be switched between.
従って、本発明によれば、生椎茸の乾燥に要求される乾
燥温度条件である約50°C以下の低跋を与えながらも
、乾燥室1内空気を除湿することにより乾燥空気をつく
り出すことができるので、全く天候に左右されることな
く乾燥効率を高めることができる。Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to create dry air by dehumidifying the air inside the drying chamber 1 while providing a low temperature of about 50°C or less, which is the drying temperature condition required for drying fresh shiitake mushrooms. As a result, drying efficiency can be increased without being affected by the weather.
また、乾燥室1内空気を除湿しながら乾燥するので、適
温、適湿による乾燥空気をつくり出すことができる。Further, since the air inside the drying chamber 1 is dried while being dehumidified, dry air with an appropriate temperature and appropriate humidity can be created.
従って、生椎茸17の酵素作用が活発に行なわれて香味
と栄養価が増大した良質の乾燥椎茸を得ることができる
。Therefore, the enzymatic action of fresh shiitake mushrooms 17 is actively carried out, and high quality dried shiitake mushrooms with increased flavor and nutritional value can be obtained.
さらにまた、除湿乾燥だけでなく、仕上乾燥として、除
湿乾燥を停止し、ヒーター5の加熱だけによる恒温、恒
湿の空気を循環させる工程を加えるので、乾燥椎茸の乾
燥むらを解消することができ、しかも同時に、酵素の失
活もできて、長期保存のきく良質の乾燥椎茸を得ること
ができる。Furthermore, in addition to dehumidifying and drying, as a final drying process, a process is added in which dehumidifying and drying is stopped and air at a constant temperature and humidity is circulated only by heating with the heater 5, so it is possible to eliminate uneven drying of dried shiitake mushrooms. Moreover, at the same time, enzymes can be deactivated, and high-quality dried shiitake mushrooms that can be stored for a long time can be obtained.
さらにまた、椎茸中の含水分は、多量の有益なエキスを
含み、抗ガン剤や健康促進剤等として利用されているが
、本発明によれば、従来のように、生椎茸を圧さく、し
ほり出すことにより含水分を得るのではなく、除湿しな
がらの乾燥であるので、乾燥椎茸を得ながら、しかも同
時に、その含水分も回収できて一挙両得である。Furthermore, the water content in shiitake mushrooms contains a large amount of beneficial extracts, and is used as an anti-cancer agent, a health promoter, etc. According to the present invention, fresh shiitake mushrooms are compressed as in the past, Since the moisture content is not obtained by squeezing out, but drying is performed while dehumidifying, the moisture content can be recovered at the same time as dry shiitake mushrooms, which is a win-win situation.
しかも、取扱い簡単かつ安全で、産業上有益な乾燥方法
およびその装置であるといえる。Moreover, it can be said that the drying method and apparatus thereof are easy to handle, safe, and industrially useful.
図面は本発明の実施例を示すもので、第1図は縦断面図
、第2図は第1図のイーイ矢視縦断面図である。
1・・・乾燥室、2・・・仕切壁、3・・・被乾燥物収
容部、4・・・循環路、5・・・ヒーター、6・・・乾
燥棚、7・・・循環送風機、8・・・ヒートポンプ式除
湿乾燥機、9・・・吹出口、10・・・吸込口、11・
・・トレー、12・・・蒸発器、13・・・凝縮器、1
6・・・水タンク、11・・・椎茸。The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken in the direction of the arrow E in FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Drying room, 2...Partition wall, 3...Dried material storage section, 4...Circulation path, 5...Heater, 6...Drying shelf, 7...Circulating blower , 8... Heat pump type dehumidifying dryer, 9... Air outlet, 10... Suction port, 11...
... Tray, 12 ... Evaporator, 13 ... Condenser, 1
6...Water tank, 11...Shiitake mushrooms.
Claims (1)
の蒸発器12により冷却除湿して、凝縮器13により加
熱した乾燥空気を送風機14で乾燥室1内に送風すると
ともに、乾燥室1内に設けた循環送風機1で乾燥室1内
空気を強制的に循環させ、乾燥室1内に収容した生椎茸
17を、その酵素の作用を活発化させながら乾燥した後
、除湿乾燥機8の運転を停止し、次に、乾燥室1内に配
設したヒーター5を運転しながら室内空気を循環送風機
7で循環送風して乾燥椎茸11の乾燥むらを解消すると
ともに、酵素を失活させることを特徴とするヒートポン
プ式椎茸乾燥方法。 2 密閉乾燥室1内に仕切壁2を設けて、被乾燥物収容
部3と乾燥室1内空気の循環路4とを形成するとともに
、それぞれの上部及び下部を互いに連通し、被乾燥物収
容部3に通気性の乾燥棚6を複数段設け、循環路4にヒ
ーター5を配設し、さらに、乾燥室1内の適当個所に乾
燥室1内空気を強制的に循環させる循環送風機7を設け
るとともに、乾燥室1の上部と下部とをそれぞれ除湿乾
燥機8の吹出口9と吸込口10に連通して、除湿乾燥機
8の運転とヒーター5の停止から除湿乾燥機8の停止と
ヒーター5の運転に切換え可能に構成したことを特徴と
するヒートポンプ式椎茸乾燥装置。[Claims] 1. The air inside the sealed drying chamber 1 is transferred to a heat pump type dehumidifying dryer 8.
The dry air cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator 12 and heated by the condenser 13 is blown into the drying chamber 1 by the blower 14, and the air inside the drying chamber 1 is forced by the circulation blower 1 installed in the drying chamber 1. After drying the fresh shiitake mushrooms 17 housed in the drying chamber 1 by activating the action of the enzyme, the dehumidifying dryer 8 was stopped, and then placed in the drying chamber 1. This heat pump method for drying shiitake mushrooms is characterized in that indoor air is circulated by a circulating blower 7 while a heater 5 is operated to eliminate uneven drying of dried shiitake mushrooms 11 and to deactivate enzymes. 2. A partition wall 2 is provided in the closed drying chamber 1 to form a drying material storage section 3 and a circulation path 4 for the air inside the drying chamber 1, and the upper and lower parts of each are communicated with each other to accommodate the drying material. A plurality of air-permeable drying shelves 6 are provided in the drying section 3, a heater 5 is arranged in the circulation path 4, and a circulation blower 7 for forcibly circulating the air inside the drying chamber 1 is provided at an appropriate location in the drying chamber 1. At the same time, the upper and lower parts of the drying chamber 1 are connected to the air outlet 9 and the suction port 10 of the dehumidifying dryer 8, respectively, so that the operation of the dehumidifying dryer 8 and the stopping of the heater 5, the stopping of the dehumidifying dryer 8, and the heater are controlled. 5. A heat pump type shiitake mushroom drying device characterized in that it is configured to be switchable between the following operations.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP51037409A JPS5923768B2 (en) | 1976-04-03 | 1976-04-03 | Heat pump drying method and device for drying shiitake mushrooms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP51037409A JPS5923768B2 (en) | 1976-04-03 | 1976-04-03 | Heat pump drying method and device for drying shiitake mushrooms |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS52120155A JPS52120155A (en) | 1977-10-08 |
JPS5923768B2 true JPS5923768B2 (en) | 1984-06-05 |
Family
ID=12496716
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP51037409A Expired JPS5923768B2 (en) | 1976-04-03 | 1976-04-03 | Heat pump drying method and device for drying shiitake mushrooms |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5923768B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5840038A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-03-08 | Iwatani & Co | Preparation of dried shiitake mushroom |
CN103535702B (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 安徽省怀远县鑫泰粮油有限公司 | A kind of dehydration mushroom and preparation method thereof |
JP6388903B2 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-09-12 | 正和 志賀 | Method for producing dried nutmeg |
JP7384408B2 (en) * | 2020-06-26 | 2023-11-21 | 株式会社加来野製作所 | Aseptic drying equipment and aseptic drying method |
-
1976
- 1976-04-03 JP JP51037409A patent/JPS5923768B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS52120155A (en) | 1977-10-08 |
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