JPS5922247Y2 - spark ignition internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案は所謂ポンピングロスの低減を図った火花点火内
燃機関に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a spark ignition internal combustion engine that aims to reduce so-called pumping loss.

一般に、気化器とか、吸気管燃料噴射装置を使用したガ
ソリン機関では、燃焼室内に吸入した混合気の吸入量の
制御により負荷制御を行なうため、吸気を絞ったときに
所謂ポンピング口・スが生じる。Generally, in gasoline engines that use a carburetor or intake pipe fuel injection device, load control is performed by controlling the amount of air-fuel mixture sucked into the combustion chamber, so when the intake air is throttled, a so-called pumping port is created. .

特に、機関の低負荷運転時には吸気絞りが大きいためポ
ンピングロスは極めて大きく、燃費等の悪化の原因とな
っている。In particular, when the engine is operating at low load, the intake throttle is large, so pumping loss is extremely large, causing deterioration in fuel efficiency and the like.

本考案は上記に鑑みなされたもので、その目的とすると
ころは機関の主吸気通路に主吸気弁をバイパスする副吸
気通路を副燃焼室と共に形成する一方、排気管に連通ず
る排気還流路を形成し、更に主吸気通路及び排気還流路
に夫々絞弁を内装してこれら絞弁を機関の負荷に応じて
作動させることにより、低、中負荷時に吸気を絞る一方
で排気を燃焼室内に吸入させてポンピングロスを低減す
ると共に、このとき吸気を副燃焼室内に導入して燃焼を
行なうことにより排気の吸入に拘らず燃焼性を良好に維
持し、これにより燃費の悪化を防止することができる火
花点火内燃機関を提供することにある。The present invention was developed in view of the above, and its purpose is to form a sub-intake passage in the engine's main intake passage that bypasses the main intake valve together with an auxiliary combustion chamber, while also forming an exhaust recirculation passage that communicates with the exhaust pipe. Furthermore, by installing throttle valves in the main intake passage and exhaust recirculation passage, and operating these throttle valves according to the engine load, the intake air is throttled at low to medium loads, while the exhaust gas is drawn into the combustion chamber. In addition to reducing pumping losses, by introducing intake air into the auxiliary combustion chamber for combustion, good combustibility can be maintained regardless of the intake of exhaust gas, thereby preventing deterioration of fuel efficiency. The object of the present invention is to provide a spark ignition internal combustion engine.

以下、図面に示す実施例により本考案を説明する。The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

図は本考案の火花点火内燃機関を示し、１はシリンダ２
、シリンダヘッド３及びピストン４にて画成する主燃焼
室、５及び６はこの主燃焼室１に連通ずる主吸気路及び
排気路である。The figure shows a spark ignition internal combustion engine of the present invention, where 1 is a cylinder 2.
, a main combustion chamber 5 and 6 defined by a cylinder head 3 and a piston 4 are a main intake passage and an exhaust passage communicating with this main combustion chamber 1.

７はこの主吸気路５の上流に設けた燃料供給装置であり
、気化器や吸気管燃料噴射装置等からなる。Reference numeral 7 denotes a fuel supply device provided upstream of the main intake passage 5, which includes a carburetor, an intake pipe fuel injection device, and the like.

８は主吸気弁である。8 is a main intake valve.

そして、本考案ではシリンダヘッド３の一部に噴口９を
介して主燃焼室１に連通ずる副燃焼室１０を形成すると
共に、この副燃焼室１０を前記主吸気路５の燃料供給装
置７下流位置に副吸気路１１を通して連通ずる。In the present invention, a sub-combustion chamber 10 is formed in a part of the cylinder head 3 to communicate with the main combustion chamber 1 via the nozzle 9, and the sub-combustion chamber 10 is connected downstream of the fuel supply device 7 of the main intake passage 5. The position is communicated with through the sub-intake passage 11.

この副燃焼室１０には、主吸気弁８と同期的に開閉作動
する副吸気弁１２を設けて副吸気路１１を開閉させると
共に、点火栓１３を配設する。The auxiliary combustion chamber 10 is provided with a auxiliary intake valve 12 that opens and closes synchronously with the main intake valve 8 to open and close the auxiliary intake passage 11, and an ignition plug 13 is disposed therein.

また、前記主吸気路５は、前記副吸気路１１の連通開口
より下流位置において前記排気路６に連通ずる排気還流
路１４を開口連通し、排気の一部が主吸気路５内（土還
流されるようにする。Further, the main intake passage 5 communicates with the exhaust gas recirculation passage 14 which communicates with the exhaust passage 6 at a position downstream from the communication opening of the sub-intake passage 11, so that a part of the exhaust gas is inside the main intake passage 5 (earth return flow). to be done.

更に、前記主吸気路５における副吸気路１１と排気還流
路１４の各開口位置間には絞弁１５を内装すると共に、
前記排気還流路１４の主吸気路５への開口部位にも絞弁
１６を内装し、これら両校弁１５，１６を機関負荷に応
じて開閉作動するようにする。Further, a throttle valve 15 is installed between each opening position of the auxiliary intake passage 11 and the exhaust gas recirculation passage 14 in the main intake passage 5, and
A throttle valve 16 is also installed at the opening of the exhaust gas recirculation passage 14 to the main intake passage 5, and both valves 15 and 16 are opened and closed according to the engine load.

即ち本例では両校弁１５，１６を夫々リンク機構１７．
１８を介してアクセルペダル１９に連結し、アクセルペ
ダル１９の踏み込みにより両絞弁１５，１６が作動する
ようにしている。That is, in this example, both valves 15 and 16 are connected to link mechanisms 17.
It is connected to an accelerator pedal 19 via a throttle valve 18, and when the accelerator pedal 19 is depressed, both throttle valves 15 and 16 are operated.

このとき、両絞弁１５，１６は一方が開作動していると
きに、他方が閉作動する様に、つまり、互に背反する作
用をなすように構成し、しかも機関低負荷時には絞弁１
５が閉じ絞弁１６が開くような構成とすることが肝要で
ある。At this time, both throttle valves 15 and 16 are configured so that when one operates to open, the other operates to close, that is, to perform actions that are contrary to each other.Moreover, when the engine load is low, the throttle valve
It is important that the throttle valve 5 is configured so that the throttle valve 16 is opened.

本実施例は以上の構成であるから、ポンピングロスが差
程問題とならない機関の高負荷運転時には、アクセルペ
ダル１９の踏み込みにより絞弁１５は開き、絞弁１６は
閉じているため、燃料供給装置７からの吸気は殆んどが
主吸気路５を通って主燃焼室１内に吸入される。Since the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, during high-load operation of the engine where pumping loss is not a significant problem, the throttle valve 15 opens when the accelerator pedal 19 is depressed, and the throttle valve 16 closes, so the fuel supply system Most of the intake air from 7 is drawn into the main combustion chamber 1 through the main intake passage 5.

このとき、一部の吸気は副吸気路１１を通って副燃焼室
１０内に吸入され、点火栓１３にて着火された後に噴口
９から燃焼火炎をトーチ状に主燃焼室１内に噴出し、主
燃焼室１内の吸気を燃焼させるのである。At this time, a part of the intake air is drawn into the auxiliary combustion chamber 10 through the auxiliary intake passage 11, and after being ignited by the ignition plug 13, a combustion flame is ejected from the nozzle 9 into the main combustion chamber 1 in the shape of a torch. , the intake air in the main combustion chamber 1 is combusted.

機関が中、低負荷になると絞弁１５は閉方向に作動し、
絞弁１６は開方向に作動する。When the engine is under medium or low load, the throttle valve 15 operates in the closing direction.
The throttle valve 16 operates in the opening direction.

そして、絞弁１５を閉成すると、燃料供給装置７にて絞
られた吸気は殆んど副吸気路１１を通って副燃焼室１０
内に吸入される。When the throttle valve 15 is closed, most of the intake air throttled by the fuel supply device 7 passes through the sub-intake passage 11 and enters the sub-combustion chamber 10.
inhaled into the body.

このとき、絞弁１６の開放により主吸気路５内には排気
還流路１４を通して排気が流入し、主燃焼室１内に吸入
される。At this time, by opening the throttle valve 16, exhaust gas flows into the main intake passage 5 through the exhaust gas recirculation passage 14, and is sucked into the main combustion chamber 1.

このため、吸気の絞りにも拘らずポンピングロスが低減
される。Therefore, pumping loss is reduced even though the intake air is throttled.

吸気の燃焼は副燃焼室１０内において行なわれ、膨張に
より主燃焼室１内に拡大する。Combustion of the intake air takes place in the sub-combustion chamber 10 and expands into the main combustion chamber 1 due to expansion.

このとき、副燃焼室１０内には主燃焼室１内の排気が僅
かに混じる程度であるから、燃焼性が差別悪化すること
はなく、燃費の向上と共にＮＯｘの低減に効果がある。At this time, since the exhaust gas from the main combustion chamber 1 is only slightly mixed into the auxiliary combustion chamber 10, the combustibility is not significantly deteriorated, and this is effective in improving fuel efficiency and reducing NOx.

なお、本実施例では絞弁１５，１６をアクセルペダルに
て連動するように構成したが、他の機械的または電気的
手段にて作動し得るように構成することは勿論可能であ
る。In this embodiment, the throttle valves 15 and 16 are configured to be operated in conjunction with the accelerator pedal, but it is of course possible to configure them to be operated by other mechanical or electrical means.

又、副燃焼室１０内に濃混合気を導入するよう別の燃料
供給装置を備えることも可能であることも勿論である。It is also possible, of course, to provide another fuel supply device to introduce a rich mixture into the sub-combustion chamber 10.

この場合においても、前述の実施例と同様副吸気路１１
に絞り弁を内装することは、必ずしも必要ではない。In this case as well, the auxiliary intake passage 11
It is not always necessary to include a throttle valve internally.

以上要するに本考案の火花点火内燃機関によれば、低負
荷時には吸気を副燃焼室に吸入する一方で排気を主燃焼
室に吸入し、しかも副燃焼室において吸気を燃焼する構
成であるから、特に問題となる低負荷運転時におけるポ
ンピングロスを低減する一方、燃焼性を阻害することも
なく、燃費の向上を図ると共に所謂排気還流による排気
浄化の効果もある。In summary, according to the spark ignition internal combustion engine of the present invention, when the load is low, intake air is sucked into the auxiliary combustion chamber while exhaust gas is sucked into the main combustion chamber, and the intake air is combusted in the auxiliary combustion chamber. While reducing pumping loss during low-load operation, which is a problem, it does not impair combustibility, improves fuel efficiency, and has the effect of purifying exhaust gas through so-called exhaust gas recirculation.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図は本考案の火花点火内燃機関の断面構成図である。 １・・・・・・主燃焼室、５・・・・・・主吸気路、６
・・・・・・排気路、７・・・・・・燃料供給装置、１
０・・・・・・副燃焼室、１１・・・・・・副吸気路、
１４・・・・・・排気還流路、１５．１６・・・・・・
絞弁、１９・・・・・・アクセルペダル。The figure is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the spark ignition internal combustion engine of the present invention. 1... Main combustion chamber, 5... Main intake passage, 6
...Exhaust path, 7...Fuel supply device, 1
0... Sub-combustion chamber, 11... Sub-intake passage,
14... Exhaust recirculation path, 15.16...
Throttle valve, 19... accelerator pedal.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 主燃焼室を主吸気路にて燃焼供給装置に連通ずる一方、
主燃焼室に噴口を介して連通ずる副燃焼室を副吸気路に
て燃料供給装置に連通し、前記主吸気路に内装した絞弁
下流位置を排気還流路にて機関排気路に連通ずるととも
に、該排気還流路に絞弁を内装し、前記主吸気路に内装
した絞弁と排気還流通路に内装した絞弁とは機関の負荷
状態によって背反的に開閉作動し得るよう構成し、しか
も機関低負荷時には前者の絞弁を閉成方向に作動させ、
後者の絞弁を開方向に作動させるよう構成したことを特
徴とする火花点火内燃機関。While the main combustion chamber is communicated with the combustion supply device through the main intake passage,
A sub-combustion chamber that communicates with the main combustion chamber through a nozzle port is communicated with a fuel supply device through an auxiliary intake passage, and a downstream position of a throttle valve installed in the main intake passage is communicated with an engine exhaust passage through an exhaust gas recirculation passage. A throttle valve is installed in the exhaust gas recirculation passage, and the throttle valve installed in the main intake passage and the throttle valve installed in the exhaust gas recirculation passage are constructed so that they can be opened and closed in a contradictory manner depending on the load condition of the engine. When the load is low, the former throttle valve is operated in the closing direction,
A spark ignition internal combustion engine characterized in that the latter throttle valve is configured to operate in the opening direction.