JPS59221630A - Thermocouple protection tube - Google Patents
Thermocouple protection tubeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59221630A JPS59221630A JP9746883A JP9746883A JPS59221630A JP S59221630 A JPS59221630 A JP S59221630A JP 9746883 A JP9746883 A JP 9746883A JP 9746883 A JP9746883 A JP 9746883A JP S59221630 A JPS59221630 A JP S59221630A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- thermocouple
- protection tube
- protection
- molten metal
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
- G01K1/12—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing damage due to heat overloading
- G01K1/125—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing damage due to heat overloading for siderurgical use
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、アルミやアルミ合金等の金属溶湯の温度を
測定する為の熱電対をそれら金属溶湯から保護する為に
用いられる熱電対保護管に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a thermocouple protection tube used to protect a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of molten metal such as aluminum or aluminum alloy from the molten metal.
従来よシ熱電対の保護管に使用されている鉄又はステン
レス製管は、アＶミ又はアルミ合金溶湯の浸蝕に対して
極めて弱い。そのため、その外側を鋳鉄製の保護管で２
重に保護している。鋳鉄製の保護管も浸蝕はされるが、
鉄やステンレスよシは強い。そこで鋳鉄管の場合は管の
肉厚を厚く製造して耐用期間を長くさせている。又使用
に際して表面に黒鉛溶液等を１週間に２回位塗布乾燥し
て使用した場合、連続して８０日間位使用することが出
来るが、鋳物の品質によって耐用命数は一定しない。そ
のため保護管の監視を怠たると、浸蝕が急激に進行して
管が破れ、中に挿入しである熱電対も破損されてしまう
。鋳鉄管は耐用期間を少しでも長くするためと鋳造性を
良くするために、管の内径を大きくしである。そのため
熱電対との隙間が大きくなシ、温度測定感度を悪くする
。又製品形状から見て極めて難位度の高い製品に属し。Iron or stainless steel tubes conventionally used as protective tubes for thermocouples are extremely susceptible to corrosion by molten aluminum or aluminum alloys. Therefore, the outside was covered with a cast iron protective tube.
It is heavily protected. Cast iron protection pipes are also subject to erosion, but
Steel and stainless steel are strong. Therefore, cast iron pipes are manufactured with thick walls to extend their service life. Furthermore, if a graphite solution or the like is applied to the surface twice a week and dried before use, it can be used continuously for about 80 days, but the service life is not constant depending on the quality of the casting. Therefore, if the protective tube is not monitored, erosion will rapidly progress, causing the tube to rupture and the thermocouple inserted inside to be damaged as well. Cast iron pipes have a large inner diameter in order to extend their service life and improve castability. Therefore, the gap between the thermocouple and the thermocouple is large, which deteriorates temperature measurement sensitivity. Also, it is classified as an extremely difficult product considering its shape.
したがって価格も高い。近年セラミック製保護管も使用
されているが、セラミック製はアルミ又はアルミ合金溶
湯による浸蝕に対して極めて強いが、外力による衝撃又
は熱衝撃に極めて弱い性質があるため取扱いが難しい。Therefore, the price is also high. Ceramic protective tubes have also been used in recent years, but although ceramic protective tubes are extremely resistant to corrosion by aluminum or molten aluminum alloy, they are difficult to handle because they are extremely susceptible to shocks or thermal shocks caused by external forces.
セラミック管は溶湯中に浸漬したまま溶湯を凝固、融解
させると、アルミ又はアルミ合金の膨張、収縮によって
簡単に破壊して、中に挿入しである熱電対挿入用させて
しまう。そのため、不可抗力で熱源が遮断されたシした
時等に気付かずに長時間そのｔま放置して溶湯を固めて
しまった場合には、新品と交換しなければならない面倒
な点がある等、これまで保護管の信頼性については多く
の問題が山積している。If a ceramic tube is immersed in molten metal and the molten metal is solidified or melted, it will easily break due to the expansion and contraction of the aluminum or aluminum alloy, allowing a thermocouple to be inserted therein. Therefore, if the heat source is cut off due to force majeure and the molten metal is left unnoticed for a long time and solidified, there is the trouble of having to replace it with a new one. There are many problems regarding the reliability of protection tubes.
そこで本発明は上述の４Ｉｉｉ々の問題を取除くように
したもので、外力によるｍｉｓや熱衝撃に対して丈夫で
、しかも上記金属溶湯に対する耐蝕性も高くて長寿命利
用が可能な熱電対保護管を提供しようとするものである
。Therefore, the present invention has been developed to eliminate the above-mentioned 4Iiii problems, and is a thermocouple protection that is strong against mis and thermal shock caused by external forces, and has high corrosion resistance against the molten metal mentioned above, and can be used for a long time. It is intended to provide a tube.
以下本願の実施例を示す図面について説明する。The drawings showing the embodiments of the present application will be described below.
ルツボ炉を示す第１図において、炉本体ｌは鉄板等の金
属材料で形成された炉殻２の内面に耐火材３を貼シ付け
て中空に構成してあシ、内部は加熱空間４となっ−てい
る。炉本体ｌの側壁の一部にはバーナー５が取付けられ
、まだ上面にはルツボ支持板６が備えである。ルツボ７
は凹状に形成され、鍔部７ａを支持板６に乗載させであ
ると共に、底部は支持体８によって支えられている。上
記ルツボ７は周知の如く、その内部で溶解する金属溶湯
（例えばアルミあるいはアルミ合金）９に対する耐蝕性
の高い材料で形成される。上記溶湯中には周知の手段で
保持された保護管１ｏが浸漬させである。この保護實１
０は中空筒状に形成されておシ、その内部においては上
方の開口部から周知の勲−電対が挿入されると共にアグ
ネシアの粉末が充填されて周知構造となっている。尚■
はその熱電対の上部端子を示す。保護管１０は、その主
体部即ち基材の外表面を薄被膜で覆って形成されている
。上記基材は上記溶湯９の温度よシも高い融点を有する
鉄あるいはステンレス（５ＵＳ８０４ ）等の金属材料
でもって筒状に形成しである。該基材の上端は開放させ
る一方、下端は閉塞させである。一方上記被膜は窒化チ
タンあるいは炭化チタン等で形成されている。該被膜の
上記基材に対する付着手段としては、例えば上記材料の
微粒子を周知の物理的あるいは化学的方法によって上記
基材の外表面に蒸着させる手段が利用される。尚上記保
護管１０の外径は例えば８ｍｍ、２２ ｍｍ程度、肉厚
は１〜１．５ｍｍである。In FIG. 1 showing a crucible furnace, the furnace body 1 is made of a hollow shell 2 made of a metal material such as an iron plate, with a refractory material 3 pasted on the inner surface, and a heating space 4 inside. It's happening. A burner 5 is attached to a part of the side wall of the furnace body 1, and a crucible support plate 6 is provided on the upper surface. Crucible 7
is formed into a concave shape, with the collar portion 7a resting on the support plate 6, and the bottom portion supported by the support body 8. As is well known, the crucible 7 is made of a material that is highly resistant to corrosion against the molten metal (for example, aluminum or aluminum alloy) 9 that melts inside the crucible. A protective tube 1o held by well-known means is immersed in the molten metal. This protection fact 1
0 is formed into a hollow cylindrical shape, into which a well-known electrocouple is inserted through an upper opening and is filled with agnesia powder, thus forming a well-known structure. Nao ■
indicates the upper terminal of the thermocouple. The protective tube 10 is formed by covering the outer surface of its main body, that is, a base material, with a thin film. The base material is made of a metal material such as iron or stainless steel (5US804), which has a melting point higher than the temperature of the molten metal 9, and is formed into a cylindrical shape. The upper end of the substrate is open, while the lower end is closed. On the other hand, the coating is made of titanium nitride, titanium carbide, or the like. As a means for attaching the coating to the substrate, for example, a means for depositing fine particles of the material on the outer surface of the substrate by a well-known physical or chemical method is used. The outer diameter of the protective tube 10 is, for example, about 8 mm or 22 mm, and the wall thickness is 1 to 1.5 mm.
上記構成のものにあっては、周知の如くバーナ５が燃焼
作動して空間４が加熱されルツボ７が加熱される。その
結果周知の如く溶湯９が形成される。上記溶湯の温度は
保護管ｌｏ内の熱電対で測定され、図示外の周知の制御
装置を介してバーナ５の燃焼が制御される。その結果ル
ツボ７内の溶湯７Ｍ度はほぼ一定に保たれる。In the structure described above, as is well known, the burner 5 performs combustion operation to heat the space 4 and the crucible 7. As a result, a molten metal 9 is formed as is well known. The temperature of the molten metal is measured by a thermocouple in the protection tube lo, and combustion in the burner 5 is controlled via a well-known control device not shown. As a result, the temperature of 7M degrees of the molten metal in the crucible 7 is kept almost constant.
上述の如き状態においては、上記の被膜は耐蝕性、Ｉｌ
ｔ熱性に対して極めて安定した物質のため、アルミの＃
湯９と接触してもアルミの還元作用による反応をおこさ
ない。したがって被膜は変質して劣化したシ、剥離する
ことがないため、浸透性の旺盛なアルミの溶湯が金属製
管（基材）へ浸透して浸蝕するのを防止する。このこと
は、基材である金属製管の肉厚を従来のものよシ薄くす
ることが出来、内部の熱電対の感度を向上させて溶湯温
度の高精度測定を可能にすると共に、測温の時間的誤差
を僅少にする。又、従来不可能だった一重保護管だけで
の温度測定を可能とする。また上記基材は金属製で機械
的衝撃、熱衝撃に対し強い為、溶湯に浸漬したーまま凝
固、融解を繰シ返すことも出来、長期間安定してアルミ
又はアルミ合金溶湯の温度管理が出来る。これらの仁と
は、アルミ精錬及びアルミ合金鋳物の品質の向上及びそ
の管理に対して多大な貢献をする。′
次に、上記構成のものにおいて以下の条件で実験を行な
った結果を示せば第１表の通シである。Under the conditions described above, the coating has corrosion resistance, Il
Because it is an extremely stable material against heat, aluminum
Even when it comes into contact with hot water 9, no reaction occurs due to the reducing action of aluminum. Therefore, the coating does not deteriorate or peel off, which prevents highly permeable molten aluminum from penetrating the metal pipe (base material) and corroding it. This allows the wall thickness of the metal tube that is the base material to be made thinner than conventional ones, improving the sensitivity of the internal thermocouple and making it possible to measure the molten metal temperature with high accuracy. Minimize the time error. Furthermore, it is possible to measure temperature using only a single protection tube, which was previously impossible. In addition, the base material is made of metal and is resistant to mechanical and thermal shock, so it can be repeatedly solidified and melted while immersed in molten metal, allowing stable temperature control of molten aluminum or aluminum alloy over a long period of time. I can do it. These qualities make a great contribution to improving the quality of aluminum smelting and aluminum alloy castings, and to their management. 'Next, Table 1 shows the results of experiments conducted under the following conditions with the above configuration.
熱電対保護管：８０Ｘ５００を
設定温度 ニア８０±１５°Ｃ
被膜厚さ ＝５〜６μｍ
第１表
次に第２図は本願の異なる実施例を示すもので、保護管
を外側保護管犯と内側保護管口との２重管構造にした例
を示すものである。この場合、外側保護管稔の基材と内
側保護管Ｂとは上記と同様の金属材料で形成される外、
外側保護管νの基材は鋳鉄で形成される場合もある。ま
た被膜は外側保護管νの基材の外表面に施される。尚寸
法の一例を示せば、内側保護管Ｂの外径が８ｍｍの場合
、外側保護管りの外径は１８．８ｍｍ、内径は９．４
ｍｍであシ、また２ ２ ｍｍの場合は大々２７．２
ｍｍ５２４ｍｍである。Thermocouple protection tube: 80X500 Set temperature near 80±15°C Coating thickness = 5~6μm Table 1 and Figure 2 show different embodiments of the present application, with the protection tube on the outside and the inside This shows an example of a double pipe structure with a protection pipe opening. In this case, the base material of the outer protective tube base and the inner protective tube B are made of the same metal materials as above, and
The base material of the outer protective tube ν may be formed of cast iron. The coating is also applied to the outer surface of the base material of the outer protective tube ν. To give an example of dimensions, if the outer diameter of the inner protection tube B is 8 mm, the outer diameter of the outer protection tube is 18.8 mm and the inner diameter is 9.4 mm.
If it is mm, it is also 27.2 in the case of 22 mm.
It is mm524mm.
上記のような２重構造の保護管は無人操業している工場
においてよｈ −ｍの安全を期すために用いらｈる。The double-walled protective tube as described above is used in unmanned factories to ensure maximum safety.
なお、機能上前図のものと同−又は均等構成と考えられ
る部分には、削口と同一の符号にアルファベットのｅを
付して重複する説明を省略した。In addition, the parts that are considered to have the same or equivalent structure as those in the previous figure in terms of function are given the same reference numerals as the cutting holes and the letter e, and redundant explanations are omitted.
次に上記構成のものにおいて以下の条件で実験を行なっ
た結果を示せば第２表の通シである。Next, Table 2 shows the results of experiments conducted under the following conditions with the above configuration.
保護管 ：鋳鉄管、鉄管、ステンレス管設定温度ニア８
０±１５°Ｃ
被膜厚さ２５〜６４ｍ
第２表
以上のようにこの発明にあっては、
（イ）熱電対を金属溶湯に浸漬してその温度測定をする
場合、熱電対を該保護管１０内に挿入しその保護管ｌＯ
を金属溶湯に浸漬させることによって、金属溶湯による
１３屯対の破損を未然防止できる効果がある。Protection tube: Cast iron pipe, iron pipe, stainless steel pipe Set temperature near 8
0±15°C Coating thickness: 25 to 64 m As shown in Table 2 above, in this invention, (a) When measuring the temperature by immersing a thermocouple in molten metal, the thermocouple is placed in the protective tube. 10 and its protective tube lO
By immersing it in the molten metal, it is possible to prevent damage to the 13 ton pair caused by the molten metal.
（０）シかも金属製の保護管であるから、上記のような
取扱いの場合、外力による衝撃や熱衝撃に対して強い特
長もある。(0) Since the protective tube is made of metal, it also has the advantage of being resistant to shocks caused by external forces and thermal shocks when handled as described above.
ｔ／９その上金属溶湯に浸漬した場合、外表面が耐蝕性
の高い被膜で榎われているから、金属製保護管であって
もその浸蝕を防止でき、長寿命利用が可能となる有用性
もある。t/9 Furthermore, when immersed in molten metal, the outer surface is coated with a highly corrosion-resistant coating, so even metal protection tubes can be protected from corrosion, allowing for long-life use. There is also.
図面は本願の実施例を示すもので、第１図はＭツボ炉の
略示縦断面図、第２図は異なる実施例を示すルツボ炉の
略示縦断面図。
７・・・ルツボ、９・・・溶湯、ｌＯ・・・保護管。
第１図
１／
７ ｇ
第２図
７ｅ ｙｅThe drawings show an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of an M crucible furnace, and FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a crucible furnace showing a different embodiment. 7... Crucible, 9... Molten metal, lO... Protection tube. Figure 1 1/7 g Figure 2 7e ye
Claims (1)
空筒状に形成され、かつ外表面は上記金属材料よシも耐
蝕性の良い被膜で覆ったことを特徴とする熱電対保護管
。1. A thermocouple protection tube, which is formed of a metal material into a hollow cylindrical shape with a space for inserting a thermocouple therein, and whose outer surface is covered with a coating having better corrosion resistance than the metal material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9746883A JPS59221630A (en) | 1983-05-31 | 1983-05-31 | Thermocouple protection tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9746883A JPS59221630A (en) | 1983-05-31 | 1983-05-31 | Thermocouple protection tube |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59221630A true JPS59221630A (en) | 1984-12-13 |
Family
ID=14193134
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9746883A Pending JPS59221630A (en) | 1983-05-31 | 1983-05-31 | Thermocouple protection tube |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59221630A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6258720U (en) * | 1985-10-01 | 1987-04-11 | ||
| JP2018084433A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-31 | 助川電気工業株式会社 | Iron sheath type thermocouple |
-
1983
- 1983-05-31 JP JP9746883A patent/JPS59221630A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6258720U (en) * | 1985-10-01 | 1987-04-11 | ||
| JP2018084433A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-31 | 助川電気工業株式会社 | Iron sheath type thermocouple |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR950013334B1 (en) | Protective structure for an immersion pyrometer | |
| US5181779A (en) | Thermocouple temperature sensor and a method of measuring the temperature of molten iron | |
| US4721534A (en) | Immersion pyrometer | |
| Brondyke | Effect of molten aluminum on alumina‐silica refractories | |
| US20010002201A1 (en) | Thermocouple lance with layered sheath for measuring temperature in molten metal | |
| US3610045A (en) | Thermocouples | |
| US5949000A (en) | Sampling device for use in performing thermal analysis of solidifying metal | |
| EP1034419B1 (en) | A sampling device for thermal analysis | |
| MXPA97005230A (en) | Sampling device for term analysis | |
| US8182146B2 (en) | Temperature measurement tube | |
| CN108387322A (en) | A kind of thermocouple and preparation method thereof for titanium investment casting melt thermometric | |
| US4007106A (en) | Device for measuring oxygen concentration in molten-metal | |
| US4746534A (en) | Method of making a thermocouple | |
| JPH0333212B2 (en) | ||
| US5917145A (en) | Method and apparatus for measurement of temperatures of molten aluminum and aluminum alloys | |
| JPS59221630A (en) | Thermocouple protection tube | |
| US5232286A (en) | Long lasting thermocouple for high temperature measurements of liquid metals, mattes and slags | |
| US4468009A (en) | Refractory protection tube for immersion molten metal devices | |
| JPH01267426A (en) | Method and apparatus for temperature measurement of molten metal | |
| US2384024A (en) | Thermocouple tube | |
| NO322183B1 (en) | Method, measurement cell and immersion sensor for measuring an electrochemical activity in a non-metallic liquid layer resting on a metal melt | |
| JP2629392B2 (en) | Melt temperature measuring device for induction heating furnace | |
| JPH0339701Y2 (en) | ||
| JP2555108Y2 (en) | Aluminum concentration measurement sensor | |
| JPS5924979Y2 (en) | Immersion thermometer for slag |