JPS59220449A - Ventilating device for car - Google Patents
Ventilating device for carInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59220449A JPS59220449A JP9236783A JP9236783A JPS59220449A JP S59220449 A JPS59220449 A JP S59220449A JP 9236783 A JP9236783 A JP 9236783A JP 9236783 A JP9236783 A JP 9236783A JP S59220449 A JPS59220449 A JP S59220449A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blower
- air
- vehicle
- exhaust
- supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、高速で走行する車両に好適な車両用換気装置
に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vehicle ventilation system suitable for vehicles running at high speed.
車両が高速で障道な通過する場合、該車両と隘道との間
において急激な圧力変化を生じ、これが車内に伝わり乗
客に不快感を与える。これを防止するため、車両を気密
構造として障遂に入る前に換気用給排気口を閉塞し、前
記圧力変化の車内への伝播を防止する方式が考えられる
が、本方式によれば長い除道を通過する場合、車内空気
が汚損するため換気が必要であり実現性がない。そこで
、連続して換気を行ない、かつ、車内圧力の変化を乗客
に不快感を与えない限度値（毎秒５０．Ａｑ）以下に保
つ必要がある。このような課題を解決するものとして、
外気圧力変化に対して風量変化の少ない送風機を用いて
換気を行なう換気装置が従来用いられている。この換気
装置について、第１図ないし第２図によって説明する。When a vehicle passes through an obstacle at high speed, a sudden pressure change occurs between the vehicle and the road, which is transmitted to the interior of the vehicle and causes discomfort to passengers. In order to prevent this, a method can be considered in which the vehicle is constructed to be airtight and the ventilation air supply and exhaust ports are blocked before entering the vehicle to prevent the pressure change from propagating into the vehicle interior. If the vehicle passes through the vehicle, the air inside the vehicle will be contaminated and ventilation will be required, making it impractical. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously ventilate the vehicle and to keep the change in pressure within the vehicle below a limit value (50.Aq/sec) that does not cause discomfort to passengers. As a solution to these issues,
BACKGROUND ART Ventilation devices have been conventionally used that perform ventilation using a blower that has little change in air volume in response to changes in outside air pressure. This ventilation system will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
図において、１は車体で、給気風道３が接続された給気
用送風機２および排気風道５が接続された排気用送風機
４が設けられている。該給気用送風機２および排気用送
風機４の静圧と風量との関係は第２図に示すように、静
圧変化の割合に対して風量変化が少なく、かつ、高静圧
特性を有するものである。このような構成において、高
速走行時において除遂に突入した場合、速度２００Ｋｍ
／ｈのとき最大４００寵んｂ ２５０Ｋｍ／ｈのとき最
大６００關Ａｑ程度と急激に変化する。第２図において
、前記圧力変化なＰｖとし、今、Ｐｖだけ外気圧力が変
化した場合を考えると、給気用送風機２の送風量はＱ。In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a vehicle body, and a supply air blower 2 to which an air supply air path 3 is connected and an exhaust air blower 4 to which an exhaust air path 5 is connected are provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the relationship between the static pressure and air volume of the supply air blower 2 and the exhaust air blower 4 is such that the change in air volume is small relative to the rate of change in static pressure, and the air blower 4 has high static pressure characteristics. It is. In such a configuration, if the vehicle enters the mission while driving at high speed, the speed will be 200km/h.
/h at a maximum of 400 Aq, and at 250 Km/h a maximum of about 600 Aq changes rapidly. In FIG. 2, assuming that the pressure change is Pv, and now consider the case where the outside air pressure changes by Pv, the air flow rate of the air supply blower 2 is Q.
だけ変化し、排気用送風機４の送風量はＱ、だけ前記給
気用送風機２とは逆に変化する。しかし、前述のように
給気用送風機２および排気用送風機４は外気圧力変化に
対して風量変化が少ないという特性を有するため、前記
送風量変化Ｑ２およびＱ、を非常に小さく前記限度値以
内に押えることができる。ところが、前述のような換気
装置を備えた車両を障道の多い路線において高速で運行
させる場合には、特に問題はないが、該車両を寝台車と
し列車運行の関係から途中駅で長時間停車させる場合、
前記高静圧の給気用送風機２および排気用送風機４の運
転時における騒音が大きいため、走行騒音のない停車時
においては該騒音の乗客に与える影響は大きく、サービ
ス向上の点から問題があった。なお、停車中においては
急激な外気圧力の変化はなく、風道内の圧力損失のみを
考慮すればよいため、送風機としての静圧は１００冨萬
柚もあれば充分である。送風機の騒音レベルＳ、は該送
風機の風量Ｑ、圧力Ｐによって変化し次式（１）によっ
て求められる。The amount of air blown by the exhaust blower 4 changes by Q, which is opposite to that of the air supply blower 2. However, as mentioned above, the supply air blower 2 and the exhaust air blower 4 have the characteristic that the air volume changes little with respect to changes in outside air pressure, so the air volume changes Q2 and Q are kept very small and within the above limit value. It can be held down. However, if a vehicle equipped with the ventilation system described above is operated at high speed on a route with many obstacles, there is no particular problem, but the vehicle may be used as a sleeper and due to the train operation, it may have to stop for a long time at stations along the way. If you let
Since the high static pressure supply air blower 2 and exhaust air blower 4 generate a large amount of noise during operation, this noise has a large effect on passengers when the vehicle is stopped without running noise, and this poses a problem in terms of service improvement. Ta. Note that while the vehicle is stopped, there is no sudden change in outside air pressure, and only the pressure loss in the air duct needs to be considered, so a static pressure of 100 million yuan is sufficient for the blower. The noise level S of the blower varies depending on the air volume Q and pressure P of the blower, and is determined by the following equation (1).
５Ａ−Ｃ＋ １０１ｏｇＩ＠ （Ｑ ｅ Ｐ’） ・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ （１）Ｃ
：定数
また、送風機の運転動力りも風量Ｑ、正圧力によって変
化し、次式（２）によって求められる。5A-C+ 101ogI@ (Q e P') ・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ (1)C
:Constant Furthermore, the operating power of the blower also changes depending on the air volume Q and positive pressure, and is determined by the following equation (2).
Ｌ＝＝ｒ （ＱｘＰ） ・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・ （２）ｆ：定数
前記のように運転動力りも圧力Ｐによって大きく変化す
るため、前述のように低い圧力で充分な換気が行なえる
場合には、無駄なエネルギーが消費されているという欠
点があった。L==r (QxP) ・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
... (2) f: Constant As mentioned above, the operating power also changes greatly depending on the pressure P, so if sufficient ventilation can be performed at a low pressure as mentioned above, energy is wasted. There was a drawback.
上記の点に鑑み本発明は、高速で除道の多い路線を走行
し、寝台車として用いる場合には長時間停車する車両に
おいて、高速走行時には外気圧力の急激な変化を車内に
伝えず、かつ、長時間停車時には騒音を低く押えること
ができるとともに消費動力も少ない車両用換気装置を提
供することを目的としたものである。In view of the above points, the present invention provides a vehicle that travels at high speed on a route with many road cuts and stops for a long time when used as a sleeping car, and that does not transmit sudden changes in outside air pressure to the inside of the vehicle when traveling at high speed. The object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation system for a vehicle that can suppress noise and consume less power when the vehicle is stopped for a long time.
本発明は、高速で障道の多い路線を走行し、寝台車とし
て用いる場合には長時間停車する車両の換気装置におい
て、該車両の運転状態に応じて送風量を変え得る送風機
により換気装置を構成することを特徴とするものである
。The present invention provides a ventilation system for a vehicle that travels on a route with many obstacles at high speeds and stops for a long time when used as a sleeping car. It is characterized by configuring.
以下、本発明を第３図ないし第４図に示す実施例によっ
て説明する。第３図は本発明による換気装置の一実施例
の送風機特性を示すグラフ、第４図は本発明による換気
装置の他の実施例を備えた車両の側面図である。図にお
いて、Ａ特性は従来用いられている圧力変化に対して送
風量の少ない送風機と同様であり、Ｂ特性は前記Ａ％性
よりも静圧および風量ともに低い特性を示している。本
実施例における換気装置は第１図に示す構成とほぼ同等
で、ただ、該給気用送風機２および排気用送風機４が前
記第３図に示すＡ特性およびＢ特性を有するものとした
ものである。具体的には給気用送風機譬および排気用送
風機４を極数変換電動機（倍極ｉ換：例えば２極／４極
）によって駆動するものとする。The present invention will be explained below with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the blower characteristics of one embodiment of the ventilation system according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a side view of a vehicle equipped with another embodiment of the ventilation system according to the present invention. In the figure, the A characteristic is similar to a conventional blower that blows a small amount of air with respect to pressure changes, and the B characteristic shows a characteristic that both static pressure and air volume are lower than the A% characteristic. The ventilation system in this embodiment has almost the same configuration as shown in FIG. 1, except that the supply air blower 2 and the exhaust air blower 4 have characteristics A and B shown in FIG. 3. be. Specifically, it is assumed that the supply air blower and the exhaust air blower 4 are driven by a pole change motor (double pole change: for example, 2 poles/4 poles).
このような構成において、車両の高速走行時に円
は給気送風機２および排気用送風機４をＡ特性となるよ
うに電動機を極数変換して運転し、寝台車として用い長
時間停車する場合には給気用送風機２および排気用送風
機４をＢ特性となるように電動機を極数変換して運転す
る。In such a configuration, when the vehicle is running at high speed, the supply air blower 2 and the exhaust blower 4 are operated by changing the number of poles of the electric motor so that they have A characteristics, and when the vehicle is used as a sleeping car and stopped for a long time, The supply air blower 2 and the exhaust air blower 4 are operated by changing the number of poles of the motor so that they have B characteristics.
このような構成によれば、前述のように給気用送風機２
および排気用送風機４を２段階に使用すると高速走行時
と停車時とでは回転数は２：１となり、風量については
回転数に比例するため前記回転数と同様に２：１となる
。また、静圧については回転数の二乗に比例するので４
：１となる。According to such a configuration, as described above, the supply air blower 2
If the exhaust blower 4 is used in two stages, the number of revolutions will be 2:1 during high-speed running and when the vehicle is stopped, and since the air volume is proportional to the number of revolutions, it will be 2:1 similarly to the number of revolutions. Also, static pressure is proportional to the square of the rotational speed, so 4
:1.
すなわち、−例として走行時の風量なＱｌ、静圧（外気
圧変化）４００１１ＡＱ とすると、停車時における
風量は０．５ Ｑ、、静圧１００ｍＡｑ となる。こ
る。静圧については、前述したように給気風道３および
排気風道５０通風抵抗のみを考慮すればよいため、１０
０ｍＡｑあれば充分である。同時に、回転数が偽となれ
ば電動機の運転動力は前記回転数の三乗に比例するため
、高速走行時に比べて１／８となる。したがって、給気
用送風ｆｉ２および排気用送風機４の風量および静圧を
必要換気量を確保した上で、低減できるため、騒音を従
来に比較して半減することができる。また、運転動力に
ついても１／８にすることができ、換気装置の省エネル
ギー化の観点からも非常に有利である。That is, for example, if the air volume when the vehicle is running is Ql and the static pressure (external pressure change) is 40011 AQ, the air volume when the vehicle is stopped is 0.5 Q, and the static pressure is 100 mAq. Koru. Regarding the static pressure, as mentioned above, only the ventilation resistance of the supply air duct 3 and the exhaust air duct 50 needs to be considered, so 10
0 mAq is sufficient. At the same time, if the number of revolutions is false, the operating power of the electric motor is proportional to the cube of the number of revolutions, so it is 1/8 of that when traveling at high speed. Therefore, the air volume and static pressure of the supply air blower fi2 and the exhaust air blower 4 can be reduced while ensuring the required ventilation amount, so that the noise can be halved compared to the conventional one. Further, the operating power can be reduced to 1/8, which is very advantageous from the viewpoint of energy saving of the ventilation system.
次に、本考案による換気装置の他の実施例について説明
する。本実施例と前記一実施例の相違点は、前述の一実
施例の構成において給気用送風機２あるいは排気用送風
２４のいずれか一方を風量可変式とするものである。す
なわち、車両の高速走行時は前記給気用送風ｆｉ２およ
び排気用送風機４を第３図のＡ特性として運転し、寝台
車として用い長時間停車する場合は、風量可変式とした
いずれか一方の給気用送風機２あるいは排気用送風機４
を第３図のＢ特性として運転し、風量可変式でないもう
一方の排気用送風機４あるいは給気用送風機２を停止す
るものである。給気用送風機２を風量可変式の構成とし
、Ｂ特性として運転した場合は、停止している排気用送
風ｔ！１．４の開口部よ・ ７
り排気を行なう。また、排気用送風機４を風量可変式の
構成とし、Ｂ特性として運転する場合は、停止している
給気用送風機２の開口部より給気を行なう。このような
構成によれば、低騒音効果および省エネルギー効果を前
記一実施例よりも増大させることができる。Next, another embodiment of the ventilation device according to the present invention will be described. The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that in the configuration of the above-mentioned embodiment, either the supply air blower 2 or the exhaust air blower 24 is of a variable air volume type. That is, when the vehicle is running at high speed, the supply air blower fi2 and the exhaust blower 4 are operated with characteristic A shown in FIG. Supply air blower 2 or exhaust air blower 4
is operated as characteristic B in FIG. 3, and the other exhaust blower 4 or supply air blower 2, which is not of the variable air volume type, is stopped. When the air supply blower 2 has a variable air volume configuration and is operated with characteristic B, the exhaust air blower 2 is stopped! 1. Exhaust air through the opening in 4. Furthermore, when the exhaust blower 4 is configured to have a variable air volume and is operated with characteristic B, air is supplied from the opening of the air supply blower 2 that is stopped. According to such a configuration, the noise reduction effect and the energy saving effect can be increased compared to the one embodiment described above.
次に、本考案による換気装置のもう一つの他の実施例に
ついて第４図により説明する。本実施例において、前記
一実施例と異なる点は、給気および排気用の送風機を寝
台車として車両を用いる場合に最低限必要な換気能力を
有する送風機と高速走行時において前記送風機と直列に
配置され外気圧変動を車内に伝えず、かつ、所定の換気
能力を前記送風機とで発揮できる能力を有する送風機と
を直列に配置して換気を行なうようにした点である。第
４図において、前記従来例と同一符号は同一部材を示す
。前述のように給気用送風機２′、６を直列に設け、排
気用送風機４′、７を直列に設けている。ここで−例と
して、高速走行における除道道過時の外気圧変化を４０
０ ｍＡＱと考え、給気・ ８ ・
用送風［２’および排気送風機４′の静圧を１００゜拘
、給気用送風機６および排気用送風機６の静圧な３００
１１１ＡＱとする。また、給気用送風機２′、６および
排気用送風機４′、７の組合せ特性は第３図に示すもの
と同様とし、静圧変化に対する風量変化が少ないものと
する。Next, another embodiment of the ventilation system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that a blower for supplying and exhausting air is placed in series with the blower having the minimum required ventilation capacity when the vehicle is used as a sleeping car, and when traveling at high speed. Ventilation is performed by arranging in series a blower that does not transmit external pressure fluctuations into the vehicle interior and has the ability to exert a predetermined ventilation capacity with the blower. In FIG. 4, the same reference numerals as in the conventional example indicate the same members. As mentioned above, the supply air blowers 2' and 6 are provided in series, and the exhaust air blowers 4' and 7 are provided in series. Here, as an example, the change in external pressure when driving at high speed when passing over a road is 40
0 mAQ, the static pressure of the supply air blower [2' and the exhaust blower 4' is set to 100°, and the static pressure of the supply air blower 6 and the exhaust air blower 6 is set to 300°.
It shall be 111AQ. Further, the characteristics of the combination of the supply air blowers 2', 6 and the exhaust air blowers 4', 7 are similar to those shown in FIG. 3, and the air volume changes little with respect to static pressure changes.
このような構成において、寝台車として用い、停車して
いる状態においては、給気用送風機２′および排気用送
風機４′のみを作動させ、換気量を最少限度に押えて運
転する。また、高速走行時には給気用送風ａ２’、６お
よび排気用送風機４Ｉ、７をそれぞれ作動させ、外気圧
変化を車内に伝えないようにするとともに、所定の換気
量を確保する。In such a configuration, when the vehicle is used as a sleeping car and is stopped, only the supply air blower 2' and the exhaust air blower 4' are operated to keep the amount of ventilation to a minimum. Furthermore, during high-speed driving, the supply air blowers a2' and 6 and the exhaust air blowers 4I and 7 are operated to prevent changes in outside pressure from being transmitted to the inside of the vehicle and to ensure a predetermined amount of ventilation.
このような構成によれば、前記一実施例と同様に寝台車
として用いる場合に送風機騒音を半減できるとともに運
転動力についても大幅に低減することができる。According to such a configuration, when the vehicle is used as a sleeping car, the blower noise can be halved and the driving power can be significantly reduced as well, as in the previous embodiment.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、車両の運行状態に
応じて、換気装置の送風量を変えることができる構成と
することにより、該車両を寝台率として用いた場合の換
気装置から発生する騒音を低減できるとともに、運転動
力を低減でき、省エネルギー化が図れる。As explained above, according to the present invention, the amount of air blown from the ventilation system can be changed depending on the operating condition of the vehicle, thereby reducing the amount of air generated from the ventilation system when the vehicle is used as a berth. Not only can noise be reduced, but driving power can also be reduced, leading to energy savings.
第１図は従来の換気装置を備えた車両の側面図、′＠２
図は第１図の換気装置に用いられている送風機の特性を
示すグラフ、第３図は本発明による換気装置の一実施例
に用いられている送風機の特性を示すグラフ、第４図は
本発明による換気装置のもう一つの他の実施例を備えた
車両の側面図である。
！・・・・・・車体、２．２’、６・・曲給気用送夙機
、３・・・・・・給気風道、４．４’、７・・・・・・
排気用送風機、５・・・・・・排気風道
才ｌ凶
′ｉ′２図 才３２
Ｉ −
）ｒ４自Figure 1 is a side view of a vehicle equipped with a conventional ventilation system, '@2
The figure is a graph showing the characteristics of the blower used in the ventilation system of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a graph showing the characteristics of the blower used in one embodiment of the ventilation system according to the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the graph showing the characteristics of the blower used in the ventilation system of the present invention. 1 is a side view of a vehicle with another embodiment of a ventilation device according to the invention; FIG. ! ...Vehicle body, 2.2', 6...Curved air supply blower, 3...Air supply airway, 4.4', 7...
Exhaust blower, 5...Exhaust air path
Claims (1)
て用い長時間停車する気密構造の車両に設けられ、外気
圧力の変化に対して風量変化の少ない給気用送風機およ
び排気用送風機を備え換気を行なう車両用換気装置にお
いて、前記給気用送風機および排気用送風機の少なくと
も一方の風量を車両の運行状態に応じて可変としたこと
を特徴とした車両用換気装置。1. Air supply blowers and exhaust blowers that are installed in airtight vehicles that travel at high speed on roads with caravans and are used as sleeping cars and park for long periods of time, and whose air volume changes little with changes in outside air pressure. What is claimed is: 1. A vehicle ventilation system for performing ventilation, characterized in that the air volume of at least one of the supply air blower and the exhaust air blower is variable according to the operating state of the vehicle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9236783A JPS59220449A (en) | 1983-05-27 | 1983-05-27 | Ventilating device for car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9236783A JPS59220449A (en) | 1983-05-27 | 1983-05-27 | Ventilating device for car |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59220449A true JPS59220449A (en) | 1984-12-11 |
| JPH0233548B2 JPH0233548B2 (en) | 1990-07-27 |
Family
ID=14052446
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9236783A Granted JPS59220449A (en) | 1983-05-27 | 1983-05-27 | Ventilating device for car |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59220449A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04212669A (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1992-08-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Ventilator for rolling stock and operating method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS503210U (en) * | 1973-05-09 | 1975-01-14 | ||
| JPS57148568U (en) * | 1981-03-16 | 1982-09-18 |
-
1983
- 1983-05-27 JP JP9236783A patent/JPS59220449A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS503210U (en) * | 1973-05-09 | 1975-01-14 | ||
| JPS57148568U (en) * | 1981-03-16 | 1982-09-18 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04212669A (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1992-08-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Ventilator for rolling stock and operating method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0233548B2 (en) | 1990-07-27 |
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