JPS5921588A - Slope fertilizing method and material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明は法面の施肥方法ならびにそれに用いる月別に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of fertilizing a slope and a monthly method used therein.

近時、道路・鉄道・土地造成に伴ない大規模な法面工事
が多く、美観・法面保護等の要求から法面の植生を行な
うことが一般化して来た。Recently, there has been a lot of large-scale slope construction work associated with roads, railways, and land development, and it has become common to plant vegetation on the slopes in order to improve the aesthetic appearance and protect the slopes.

地域・地質・気象などの諸条件によって異なるが法面に
郷土種の植物が定着する迄に・は３年以上の年月が必要
で、植生はそれらの郷土種の定着する迄の期間め法面保
護が重要な役割となる。Although it varies depending on various conditions such as region, geology, and climate, it takes more than three years for local species of plants to take hold on the slope, and the vegetation can be grown over a period of time until those local species take root. Protecting the face plays an important role.

′これらの法面の植生物の施肥は特に法面が道路・鉄道
沿いのｉ合などは工事期間がとれぬので年々行なうと言
うような事が難かしく、又山間僻地の場合が多く労働力
の確保・高費用など問題が多い。このため□近時２・３
年間肥効のあ名緩効性肥料が用いられるようになったが
、大型の粒状物であるので、□勾配のある法面に単に散
布しても転げ落ちてしまうので施肥方法が難かしい。一
方、−々穴をあけそ埋めるには手間がかかりすぎる難点
がある。'It is difficult to fertilize the vegetation on these slopes every year, especially when the slopes are along roads or railways, because there is no construction period, and in many cases in remote mountainous areas, it is difficult to apply fertilizers to plants. There are many problems such as securing resources and high costs. For this reason□Recently 2/3
Slow-release fertilizer, also known as a year-round fertilizer, has come to be used, but since it is a large granular substance, it is difficult to apply because it simply rolls down even if you spray it on a sloped slope. On the other hand, there is a drawback that it takes too much time and effort to drill and fill in the holes.

この発明はこのような難点を解決することを目的として
いる。This invention aims to solve these difficulties.

植生を行な゛う場合、比較的勾配の緩かな盛止法面の場
合には種子の吹きつけを行なった後、降雨による種子の
流出を防ぐため１こむしろ状・ネツ１−状・歪織布など
からなる養生マツニド類９展張物で覆うことが多い。又
、気象条件が厳しく、冬ｊυ１の凍上が懸念される場合
は引張強度の大きなネットなどで法面を抑えることもあ
る。When planting vegetation on a slope with a relatively gentle slope, after spraying the seeds, the seedlings should be shaped like a pile, net, or distorted to prevent the seeds from being washed away by rainfall. It is often covered with a protective material made of woven cloth. In addition, if the weather conditions are severe and frost heaving in winter is a concern, the slope may be suppressed using nets with high tensile strength.

又、種子を予めマット類に付着ぜしめておき、マット類
を展張することにより種子を法面ｌこ均−Ｉこ播く方法
も採られている。１１こ、勾配の比較的急な軟岩や礫ま
じり等の切土法面では客土・肥料・種子などを混入した
泥を吹きつけ１〜１０ｃｒｎ厚の泥層を形成するが、こ
の脱落を防ぐため鉄製・合成繊維などのネットを泥吹き
的ないし後に敷設することも一般化している。法枠を格
子状に形成し、枠の内に客土・種子の吹きｆっけを行な
った後養生マットで保護するこ々も一般的である。Another method has also been adopted in which the seeds are attached to mats in advance and the mats are spread out to sow the seeds evenly on the slope. 11. On cutting slopes with relatively steep slopes, such as soft rocks and gravel, spray mud mixed with soil, fertilizer, seeds, etc. to form a mud layer 1 to 10 crn thick, but prevent this from falling off. For this reason, it has become common to use nets made of iron or synthetic fibers to be installed either by blowing mud or later. It is also common to form a lattice-like frame, and after spraying soil and seeds into the frame, protect it with a curing mat.

この発明の要旨は上記したような植生マット類、養生マ
ット類、ネット類などの法面展張物に、緩効性肥料を、
紐状体に固着し、または透水性材料に包んだ状態で前記
組状体または透水−任材料を介し、所定間隔を保ぢ、展
張に先んじ、て臀、付９：ることを特徴とする法面の施
肥方法およびこれに用いる施肥材料である。The gist of this invention is to apply slow-release fertilizer to slope materials such as vegetation mats, curing mats, and nets as described above.
Attachment 9: It is characterized in that it is fixed to a string-like body or wrapped in a water-permeable material and maintained at a predetermined distance through the braided body or water-permeable material, and is attached to the buttocks prior to expansion. A method of fertilizing slopes and fertilizing materials used therein.

□　以下図示する実・施例により説明する。第１図にお
いて、法面に展張ずべき養生マット１に予め、塊状成形
した緩効性肥料２を所定の間隔を保ち取付けて、この施
肥材料は構成されている。□ This will be explained below using examples shown in the drawings. In FIG. 1, this fertilization material is constructed by attaching slow-release fertilizers 2 formed into blocks at predetermined intervals to a curing mat 1 that is to be spread on a slope.

この施肥材料は１．倒木は゛、、第２図のごとく、種　
　　　：１芒層３を吹イ１］けなどの方法で形成した盛
土、法面Ａ上に展張し、法面保護を行なうと、同時に、
これに数句けた緩効性肥料１ζより長期間にわたり、施
肥を行ない、植物の定着、成育を促進する。This fertilizer material is 1. As shown in Figure 2, fallen trees are seeds.
: When the embankment formed by blowing one layer 3 is spread over the slope A to protect the slope, at the same time,
Fertilizer is applied over a longer period of time than the slow-release fertilizer 1ζ, which is several times over, to promote plant establishment and growth.

この発明で用いる施肥材料は塊状成形した緩効性肥料２
に、例えば第３図のよ・うに、紐４を貫通固着しておき
、この紐４の両端部を展張物　　　　１５に結び付けて
塊状の肥料２を展張物５に取イ」　　　　□ける。また
、例えば、第４図のように、粒状の肥料２１を織物、不
織布等の透水性利第１６で包み、　　　□その２つの隅
部Ｊこ紐７を差通し、この紐を展張物５に結びつけて透
水性材料６を介し取付けられる。The fertilization material used in this invention is a slow-release fertilizer 2 formed into blocks.
For example, as shown in Fig. 3, a string 4 is passed through and fixed, and both ends of the string 4 are tied to a spreading material 15 to take the lump-like fertilizer 2 onto the spreading material 5. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, wrap the granular fertilizer 21 in a water-permeable fabric 16 such as woven or non-woven fabric, insert the string 7 into its two corners, and insert this string into the spreading material 5. They are tied together and attached via a water-permeable material 6.

また、この発明で用、いる施肥、材料は、第５図のごと
く、塊状成形した複数の緩効性用、料２を所定の間隔を
保ら只通すや紐８に固着し、て鎖状連結体９と／、ｆ　
Ｌ、て詔き、この連結体９を、展張物５に複数条平行に
ａ８を介し取、付けて構成してもよい。あるいは第６図
のごとく、塊、状の肥料２（あるいは粒状の肥料）を長
い筒形をした透水性材料１０の内部に所定の間隔を保ち
包み、その前後を熱融着、接着剤接着、あるいは縫合等
で固定し鎖状連結体９′となし、これら展張物５Ｉこ透
水性材料１０を介し取付けて施肥材料を構成してもよい
。In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the fertilizer used in this invention is a plurality of slow-release fertilizers formed into blocks, and when passed through the fertilizer 2 at a predetermined interval, it adheres to the string 8 and forms a chain. Connector 9 and/, f
Alternatively, this connecting body 9 may be constructed by attaching a plurality of threads in parallel to the spread material 5 via a8. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 6, a lump of fertilizer 2 (or granular fertilizer) is wrapped inside a long cylindrical water-permeable material 10 at a predetermined interval, and the front and back are bonded by heat, adhesive, etc. Alternatively, the fertilization material may be constructed by fixing the parts 5I with sutures or the like to form a chain-like connected body 9', and attaching these extensions 5I via a water-permeable material 10.

この施工方法は、例えば第７図のごとく、展張物５に合
成縁４１６ネツトを用い、塊状の肥料２を取付け、勾配
が１割〜１割２分程度の礫まじり法面Ｂに厚さ５ｔＹｎ
程度の泥吹層１１を形成した後展張し適宜間隔て係止ボ
ルト１２を打込み固定し、法面保護と施肥を行なう。ま
た、第８図のごとく鋼製の落石防止ネットを展張物５と
し、大径の塊状の肥料２を取付け、勾配が５分〜１割程
度の軟岩切土の法面Ｃに展張し、係止ボルト１２で固定
し、その上から種子層３を吹付ける。第９図は、養生マ
ットからなる展張物５に塊状肥料２を取付け、さらに種
子を付着せしめておき、これを盛土法面Ａに格子状法枠
１３を敷設し、枠内に客土１４をした後に、展張したも
のである。In this construction method, for example, as shown in Fig. 7, a synthetic edge 416 net is used for the spread material 5, a lumpy fertilizer 2 is attached, and a thickness of 5tYn is applied to a gravel-filled slope B with a slope of about 10% to 12%.
After forming a mud blowing layer 11 of a certain degree, it is expanded and secured by driving locking bolts 12 at appropriate intervals to protect the slope and apply fertilizer. In addition, as shown in Fig. 8, a steel rock fall prevention net is used as a spreading object 5, large-diameter lump fertilizer 2 is attached, and it is spread on a slope C of soft rock cut with a slope of about 50% to 10%. It is fixed with a fixing bolt 12, and a seed layer 3 is sprayed on top of it. In Fig. 9, lump fertilizer 2 is attached to a spread material 5 consisting of a curing mat, seeds are attached, and a lattice-like slope frame 13 is laid on an embankment slope A, and top soil 14 is placed inside the frame. After that, it was expanded.

この発明で用いる緩効性肥料としては特に限定されるも
のではないが、イソブチリデンジウレア（三菱化成社製
）を主成分さするものはこの目的に好適である。塊状成
形肥料としては特開昭５４−９７２６２号公報に記載の
方法を用いることができる。肥料を塊状成形する場合、
その大きさとしては１ケ当り５ｇ〜３０ｇ程度の範囲で
ある。施肥量としては、肥料成分５０〜２００ｇ／ｍ２
を標準とし、塊状肥料１ケ１５ｇ、肥料分３０％の場合
は、１ｍ２当り１０〜５０ケ程度となる。The slow-release fertilizer used in this invention is not particularly limited, but one containing isobutylidene diurea (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation) as a main component is suitable for this purpose. The method described in JP-A-54-97262 can be used as the lump-formed fertilizer. When molding fertilizer into blocks,
The size ranges from about 5g to 30g per piece. The amount of fertilizer applied is 50 to 200 g/m2 of fertilizer ingredients.
As standard, if one block of fertilizer is 15g and the fertilizer content is 30%, the amount will be about 10 to 50 pieces per 1 m2.

本発明に用いる法面展張物としても特に規定するもので
はないが、主として下記のようなものが一般的である。Although there are no particular restrictions on the slope-extended materials used in the present invention, the following are commonly used.

（イ）天然わら・合成樹脂製わら状物などをたて糸とし
て、綿糸・合成繊維などをよこ糸として用い、比較的密
にむしろ状に編んだ養生マット。(a) A curing mat woven relatively densely into a rather shape using natural straw or synthetic resin straw-like material as the warp and cotton yarn or synthetic fiber as the weft.

（ロ）上記の養生マットに種子を予め付着せしめたもの
。(b) Seeds are pre-attached to the above-mentioned curing mat.

（ハ）ビニロン・ポリエステル・ポリエチレン・ポリプ
ロピレンなどの細繊維からなる目付が５〜５００ｇ／ｍ
２程度の不織布からなる養生マット。(c) Fabric weight made of fine fibers such as vinylon, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. is 5 to 500 g/m
A curing mat made of non-woven fabric.

（ニ）１００〜２０００デニールの合成繊維などからな
る目の大きさが３〜５０ｍｍ程度のネット状物ないしは
ネット状物に綿状物をからませてなる養生マット。(d) A curing mat made of a net-like material made of 100-2000 denier synthetic fibers with a mesh size of about 3-50 mm, or a net-like material entwined with a cotton-like material.

（ホ）太さ０．５〜５ｍｍのビニロン・ポリエチレンな
どの合成繊維などからなる目の大きさが１〜５ｃｍ程度
のネット。(E) A net made of synthetic fibers such as vinylon and polyethylene with a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm and a mesh size of approximately 1 to 5 cm.

（へ）太さ２〜５ｍｍ、目の大きさが３〜１０ｃｍ程度
の落石防止用金網。(f) Wire mesh for preventing falling rocks with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a mesh size of approximately 3 to 10 cm.

（ト）太さ０．３〜５順程度の合成樹脂糸条を不定方向
に立体的にからませて厚さ１〜５ｃｍ程度に形成したマ
ット。(g) A mat made of synthetic resin threads of about 0.3 to 5 cm thick entwined three-dimensionally in an undefined direction to a thickness of about 1 to 5 cm.

（チ）太さ０．３〜３ｍｍ目の大きさ１〜５ｃｍ程度の
ポリエチレンなどからなるプラスチックネット。(H) A plastic net made of polyethylene or the like with a thickness of 0.3 to 3 mm and a diameter of about 1 to 5 cm.

ｆｌどであり、これらを単独にないしは適宜に組合せて
使用してもよい。展張物１枚の大きさは規定するもので
はないが、法枠の中を覆うような場合には１枚当り１ｍ
×１ｍ前後のものであるが一般的には１辺５ｍ〜数十ｍ
で１枚当り十数ｍ２〜数百ｍ２の大きいものを用いるこ
とが望ましい。fl, etc., and these may be used alone or in an appropriate combination. There is no regulation regarding the size of each piece of material, but if it covers the inside of a legal frame, the size of each piece may be 1m.
×1m or so, but generally 5m to several tens of meters on a side
Therefore, it is desirable to use a large one with a size of ten or more m2 to several hundred m2 per sheet.

塊状の肥料に固着する紐としては合成繊維、金属線等が
用いられる。塊状あるいは粒状の肥料を包む透水性材料
としては、編織布、不織布等の布帛類、孔あきプラスチ
ックフィルム、プラスチックネット等が用いられる。こ
れらに熱可塑性の合成繊維、プラスチックスを用いるな
らば、容易に加熱溶着するので、塊状肥料を包み込む袋
体を溶着してあり容易に形成できるので好適である。Synthetic fibers, metal wires, etc. are used as the strings that are fixed to the lump-like fertilizer. As the water-permeable material for wrapping the lump or granular fertilizer, fabrics such as woven fabrics and non-woven fabrics, perforated plastic films, plastic nets, etc. are used. If thermoplastic synthetic fibers or plastics are used for these materials, it is preferable because they can be easily heat-welded and a bag body enclosing the lumped fertilizer can be easily formed by welding.

この発明は以上の構成である。この施肥方法では、緩効
性肥料が法面に展張す べき展張物に、展張に先んじて取付けられる。This invention has the above configuration. In this fertilization method, slow-release fertilizer is applied to the material to be spread on the slope prior to spreading.

従って展張物の展張によって法面を保護すると同時に、
法面１こ施肥することが可能となる。肥料は、予め工場
等で紐に固着あるいは透水性材料に包んでおき、この紐
あるいは透水性材料を介し取付けるので、取付けが容易
、確実である。Therefore, while protecting the slope by spreading the material,
It becomes possible to fertilize one slope. The fertilizer is fixed to a string or wrapped in a water-permeable material in advance at a factory or the like, and is attached via the string or water-permeable material, making attachment easy and reliable.

また、取付けた塊状の肥料は移動ぜす、所定の位置に留
って長期にわたり施肥を続けるので、労力を要さず植物
の定着を促進できる。Moreover, the attached lump-shaped fertilizer stays in a predetermined position and continues to apply fertilizer over a long period of time, so it is possible to promote the establishment of plants without requiring any labor.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面はこの発明の実施例を示すものであって、第１図は
養生マットに塊状成形した緩効性肥料を取付けた施肥材
料の平面図、第２図は盛土法面に第１図の施肥材料を展
張した状態の縦断面図、第３図、第４図はそれぞれ肥料
の取付けの態様を示す平面図、第５図は塊状肥料の鎖状
連結体を取付けた施肥材料の平面図、第６図は鎖状連結
体の別の態様を示す平面図、第７図、第８図、第９図は
それぞれ施肥材料を展張した法面の縦断面図である。 １、・・養生マット、２・・塊状成形した緩効性肥料、
２１　・・粒状の緩効性肥料、３・・種子層、４・・紐
、５・・展張物、６・・透水性材料、７・・紐、８・・
紐、９，９１・・鎖状連結体、１０・・筒形の透水性材
料、１１・・泥吹層、１２・・係止ボルト、１５・・格
子状法枠、１４・・客土。 第１図 第２図 第　３　図□ 乙′ 第４図 第５［？１ 第６図 ｑ゛ ／ マThe drawings show examples of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of the fertilization material in which slow-release fertilizer formed into blocks is attached to a curing mat, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the fertilization material shown in Fig. 1 on the slope of an embankment. FIGS. 3 and 4 are a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the material in a stretched state, respectively, and a plan view showing how the fertilizer is attached. FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the chain-like connected body, and FIGS. 7, 8, and 9 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of the slope surface on which the fertilizing material is spread. 1.Curing mat, 2.Long-release fertilizer formed into blocks,
21... Granular slow-release fertilizer, 3... Seed layer, 4... String, 5... Spreading material, 6... Water-permeable material, 7... String, 8...
String, 9, 91... Chain-like connected body, 10... Cylindrical water-permeable material, 11... Mud blowing layer, 12... Locking bolt, 15... Lattice-shaped legal frame, 14... Relief soil. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure □ Otsu' Figure 4 Figure 5 [? 1 Figure 6 q゛/ M

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）法面に展張すべき展張物に、緩効性肥料を、紐状
体に固着し、または透水性相打に包んだ状態で前記紐状
体才たは透水性材料を介し、所定間隔を保ち、展張に先
んじて取付けることを特徴とする法面の施肥方法。(1) Slow-release fertilizer is applied to the material to be spread on the slope by fixing it to strings or wrapping it in water-permeable material and applying it through the strings or water-permeable material. A slope fertilization method characterized by maintaining spacing and fertilizing prior to spreading. （２）法面に展張すべき展張物に緩効性肥料が、紐状体
に固着し、または透水性材料に包んだ状態で前記紐状体
または透水性材料を介し、所定の間隔を保ち取付けてあ
ることを特徴とする法面の施肥材料。(2) Slow-release fertilizer is fixed to a string-like body or wrapped in a water-permeable material to the material to be spread on the slope, and is maintained at a predetermined interval through the string-like body or water-permeable material. Fertilization material for slopes, characterized in that it is attached. （３）展張物に植生種子が付着しであることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第２項記載の洗面の施肥材料。(3) The fertilizing material for wash basins according to claim 2, characterized in that vegetation seeds are attached to the spreading material.