JPS59208080A - Surface treatment of hafnium to develop color - Google Patents

Surface treatment of hafnium to develop color

Info

Publication number
JPS59208080A
JPS59208080A JP8361083A JP8361083A JPS59208080A JP S59208080 A JPS59208080 A JP S59208080A JP 8361083 A JP8361083 A JP 8361083A JP 8361083 A JP8361083 A JP 8361083A JP S59208080 A JPS59208080 A JP S59208080A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hafnium
pressure
color
blue
black
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP8361083A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshinori Kuwae
桑江 良昇
Kanemitsu Sato
佐藤 金光
Junko Kawashima
川島 純子
Emiko Higashinakagaha
東中川 恵美子
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP8361083A priority Critical patent/JPS59208080A/en
Publication of JPS59208080A publication Critical patent/JPS59208080A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To develop freely a color such as blue, gold or black by treating the surface of Hf for decoration in a steam atmosphere at a specified temp. under a specified pressure. CONSTITUTION:When a color is developed on the surface of Hf for decoration, blue Hf oxide is produced by treatment in a steam atmosphere at 370-450 deg.C under 0.1-10kg/cm<2> pressure, golden Hf oxide is produced by treatment in a steam atmosphere at 370-450 deg.C under 10-150kg/cm<2> pressure, and black Hf oxide is produced by treatment in a steam atmosphere at 450-500 deg.C under 10-150kg/cm<2> pressure. A blue, golden or black surface with superior wear and corrosion resistances is obtd.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の技術分野〕 本発明は装飾用に用いるハフニウムの表面を金、青、黒
色等に発色させる表面発色処理方法に関するものである
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a surface coloring treatment method for coloring the surface of hafnium used for decoration in gold, blue, black, etc.

〔発明の技術的背景とその問題点〕[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

ハフニウムは主としてノルコン鉱からジルコニウムを分
離回収する際の副産物として得られる。このハフニウム
は純粋なものを得ることは極めて困難であり、通常はジ
ルコニウム、鉄。
Hafnium is mainly obtained as a by-product when separating and recovering zirconium from norconite. It is extremely difficult to obtain pure hafnium, and it is usually made of zirconium or iron.

酸素、タンタル、クロムなどを不純物として混入してく
るため、一般にハフニウムと呼称されるものの純度は9
0数パーセントのものである。
Because it contains impurities such as oxygen, tantalum, and chromium, the purity of what is generally called hafnium is 9.
It is a few percent.

このように不純物を数パーセント含むハフニウムでさえ
もその価格は非常に高く、例えば1982年における価
格は1 kg当シ約30万円であった。
Even hafnium containing several percent of impurities is extremely expensive; for example, in 1982, the price was approximately 300,000 yen per kg.

このためハフニウムを金や銀と同様に貴金属として装飾
品に用いることが注目され、その研究が行われるように
なってきた。
For this reason, the use of hafnium as a precious metal in ornaments, like gold and silver, has attracted attention, and research has begun to be conducted on it.

しかしながら、ハフニウムを装飾材料として用いる際の
欠点は、ハフニウム自身の色調が銀灰色であるため華や
かさや重厚さに欠けることである。またハフニウムは比
較的軟かいため傷付き易い上、入江によってその金属光
沢が失なわれ易く、シかも空気によシ酸化されて、白色
に変色するので、高価な割には装飾品として利用する上
で、種々の欠点があった。
However, the disadvantage of using hafnium as a decorative material is that hafnium itself is silver-gray in color, so it lacks gorgeousness and solidity. In addition, hafnium is relatively soft and easily scratched, and its metallic luster is easily lost due to infiltration, and hafnium is oxidized in the air and turns white, so it is used as a decorative item despite its high price. However, there were various drawbacks.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明は、かかる点に鑑みなされたもので、ハフニウム
の表面に、金、青、黒色など重厚な色調が得られると共
に、発色面の耐摩耗性と耐食性に優れ、しかも処理を容
易に行うことができるハフニウムの表面発色処理方法を
提供するものである。
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to obtain deep color tones such as gold, blue, and black on the surface of hafnium, and to have excellent abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of the coloring surface, and to easily process it. The present invention provides a method for coloring the surface of hafnium.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

本発明は、ハフニウム全0.1〜150に97cm ”
で、温度が370〜500℃の水蒸気雰囲気中に保持し
て、表面に酸化ハフニウム薄膜を形成することによシ、
金、青2黒色など重厚な色調に発色させ、装飾品として
の種々の特性を備えた表面層を形成することを特徴とす
るものである。
The present invention uses hafnium 0.1 to 150 to 97 cm.
By keeping it in a steam atmosphere at a temperature of 370 to 500°C and forming a hafnium oxide thin film on the surface,
It is characterized by developing a deep color tone such as gold, blue and black, and forming a surface layer with various characteristics as a decorative item.

以下本発明方法を詳細に説明すると、例えば青色に発色
させる場合、圧力を0.1〜10 kg/cm 2で、
温度が370〜450Cの水蒸気雰囲気中にハフニウム
を保持することにより、青色の酸化ハフニウム薄膜を形
成することができる。
The method of the present invention will be explained in detail below. For example, when developing a blue color, the pressure is 0.1 to 10 kg/cm2,
By maintaining hafnium in a steam atmosphere at a temperature of 370 to 450C, a blue hafnium oxide thin film can be formed.

また金色に発色させる場合、圧力が107〜150kg
/m2’t’温度が3707.:450℃+7)水蒸気
雰囲気中にハフニウムを保持するととに、l: I)、
金色の酸化ハフニウム薄膜を形成することができる。
In addition, when developing a golden color, the pressure is 107 to 150 kg.
/m2't' temperature is 3707. :450℃+7) When hafnium is held in a steam atmosphere, l: I),
A golden hafnium oxide thin film can be formed.

更に黒色に発色させる場合には、圧力が10〜150に
97cm2テ、温度が450〜500C(7)水蒸気雰
囲気中にハフニウムを保持することにより黒色の酸化ハ
フニウム薄膜を形成することができる。
In order to further develop a black color, a black hafnium oxide thin film can be formed by maintaining hafnium in a steam atmosphere at a pressure of 10 to 150° C. and a temperature of 450 to 500° C. (7).

従って本発明では水蒸気の圧力を01〜150に9/c
m 2、温度を370〜500℃の範囲で任意に選定す
ることによシ、青、金、黒色、およびその中間色を自由
に発色させることができる。ここで水蒸気の圧力を上記
範囲に限定した理由は0、1 !(lit/cm 2未
満では均一な色調が得られず、また150kg/cm2
を越える高圧では酸化ハフニウムの薄膜成長が急速に進
み、色調のコントロールが困難となる上、膜質も粗くな
るので上記範囲に限定した。また水蒸気の温度が370
℃未満であると酸化ハフニウムの所定の膜厚を形成する
のに長時間を要して経済的に不利であるばかシでなく、
特に温度が低い場合には、通常の空気酸化と同様に白色
となシ、所望の色調が得られない。また温度が500℃
を越えると、薄膜の成長が急速に進み、色調のコントロ
ールが困難になる上、薄膜の随所に異常な腐食が発生す
るため、処理温度を上記範囲に限定した。
Therefore, in the present invention, the pressure of water vapor is set to 9/c to 01 to 150.
By arbitrarily selecting m 2 and temperature within the range of 370 to 500°C, blue, gold, black, and intermediate colors thereof can be freely developed. The reason why the pressure of water vapor is limited to the above range is 0, 1! (If it is less than lit/cm2, uniform color tone cannot be obtained, and if it is less than 150kg/cm2,
At high pressures exceeding 200 mL, the growth of a thin film of hafnium oxide proceeds rapidly, making it difficult to control the color tone and making the film rough, so the pressure was limited to the above range. Also, the temperature of water vapor is 370
If the temperature is less than ℃, it will take a long time to form a film of hafnium oxide to a desired thickness, which is economically disadvantageous;
Particularly when the temperature is low, the desired color tone cannot be obtained, as with normal air oxidation. Also, the temperature is 500℃
If the temperature exceeds this temperature, the growth of the thin film will proceed rapidly, making it difficult to control the color tone, and abnormal corrosion will occur in various parts of the thin film. Therefore, the processing temperature was limited to the above range.

々お本発明は装身品やメダル、カップなど室内装置品な
ど種々の装飾材料に適用することができ、また表面にハ
フニウムをメッキした素材の発色にも適用することがで
きる。
The present invention can be applied to various decorative materials such as accessories, medals, indoor equipment such as cups, and can also be applied to coloring materials whose surfaces are plated with hafnium.

本発明方法にょシ処理されたハフニウムは、華やかな金
色や青色1重厚な黒色、あるいはその中間色など装飾材
料として優れた色調を呈することができる。通常のハフ
ニウムの酸化では白色になるが、本発明方法にょシ水蒸
気で処理することにより、金、宵、黒色に発色する。こ
の発色のメカニズムは不明であるが、酸化ハフニウムの
酸素分子数の相違にょシ色調が変化するものと考えられ
る。しかも得られた酸化ハフニウム薄膜は比較的温和な
水蒸気雰囲気下で形成されるため、膜質は緻密で且つ均
一であシ、色調もむらがなく全体に一様である。またと
のように形成した酸化ハフニウムは、膜質が緻密でちる
のでハフニウムに比べて硬く、耐摩耗性に優れているの
で傷付きに<<、装身品として用いる場合に好適である
。更に緻密な膜質のため耐食性に優れ、長期間空気中に
放置したシ、入江が旬着しても長期間に亘って良好な色
調を呈することができる。
Hafnium treated according to the method of the present invention can exhibit excellent color tones as a decorative material, such as gorgeous gold, blue, deep black, or intermediate colors thereof. Normal oxidation of hafnium results in a white color, but when treated with steam according to the method of the present invention, the color develops into gold, light and black. Although the mechanism of this color development is unknown, it is thought that the color tone changes depending on the number of oxygen molecules in hafnium oxide. Moreover, since the obtained hafnium oxide thin film is formed in a relatively mild steam atmosphere, the film quality is dense and uniform, and the color tone is uniform throughout. In addition, hafnium oxide formed as described above has a dense and dusty film, so it is harder than hafnium, and has excellent wear resistance, so it is suitable for use as jewelry because it is resistant to scratches. Furthermore, due to its dense film quality, it has excellent corrosion resistance, and even if it is left in the air for a long period of time, it can maintain a good color tone for a long period of time.

またグ1理方法は水蒸気雰囲気にハフニウムを保持すれ
ば良いので、圧力釜と寛気炉さえあれば、安価な設備に
よシ容易に発色処理を行うことができる。
In addition, since the chemical method requires hafnium to be maintained in a steam atmosphere, the coloring process can be easily carried out using inexpensive equipment as long as a pressure cooker and an open air furnace are available.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

(実施例1) 市販の原子力用ハフニウムを600番の炭化ケイ素で研
磨した後、5重量−〇フッ哉と50重量襲の硝酸を含む
水溶液中に数分間浸漬して表面を化学研磨した。
(Example 1) After polishing a commercially available hafnium for nuclear power use with No. 600 silicon carbide, the surface was chemically polished by immersing it in an aqueous solution containing 50% by weight of nitric acid and 50% by weight of nitric acid.

次にこれを水、エタノールで洗浄した後、乾燥した。Next, this was washed with water and ethanol, and then dried.

次ニとのハフニウムを図面に示すオートクレーブ装置を
用いて発色処理した。このオートクレーブ装置はハフニ
ウムlを装入する酸化皮膜形成装置2と水蒸気発生装置
3とから構成される装置 まず表面研摩した・・フニウム1を酸化皮膜形成装置2
に入れて真空列?ンプ4により真空脱気した後、400
℃に加熱した。次に水蒸気発生装置3に脱イオン水5を
入れて加熱し、120℃で脱イオン水の全量の約3分の
1を排水した。
Next, the hafnium was subjected to color development using the autoclave apparatus shown in the drawing. This autoclave device consists of an oxide film forming device 2 into which hafnium 1 is charged and a steam generator 3.
Put it in a vacuum column? After vacuum degassing with pump 4,
heated to ℃. Next, deionized water 5 was put into the steam generator 3 and heated, and about one-third of the total amount of deionized water was drained at 120°C.

更に脱イオン水5の加熱を続け170℃に達した時点で
170℃に保持した。この温度では飽和水蒸気圧曲線に
従い、水蒸気発生装置3内の圧力は圧力計8の表示から
8kg/crn2を示した。
Furthermore, heating of the deionized water 5 was continued, and when it reached 170°C, it was maintained at 170°C. At this temperature, the pressure inside the steam generator 3 was 8 kg/crn2 as indicated by the pressure gauge 8 according to the saturated steam pressure curve.

次にこの水蒸気発生装置3と前記酸化皮膜形成装置2と
を連結するバルブ6を徐々に開いて、水蒸気7を酸化皮
膜形成装置2に供給した。この結果、酸化皮膜形成装置
2内の水蒸気は圧力計9の表示から圧力が5kg/Cn
12、温度400℃の雰囲気となシ、この状態でハフニ
ウム1を12時間保持した。な2’、 )”j3 ”p
 ty) IQ t”’!宇咬哨−て璃t。
Next, the valve 6 connecting the steam generator 3 and the oxide film forming device 2 was gradually opened to supply steam 7 to the oxide film forming device 2. As a result, the pressure of the water vapor in the oxide film forming device 2 is 5 kg/Cn as indicated by the pressure gauge 9.
12. Hafnium 1 was kept in this state for 12 hours in an atmosphere with a temperature of 400°C. na2', )"j3"p
ty) IQ t”'!

このようにして得られたハフニウムは青色を呈し、オー
ジェ電子分光法による解析の結果、形成された薄膜は酸
化ハフニウムであることが示された。この青色発色処理
したハフニウムの表面を砂ゴムで]00回こすった所、
表面に僅かな浅い傷が利く程度で優れた耐摩耗性を有す
ることが確認された。丑だこのノ・フニウムを1年間大
気中に暴露しても青色色調に全く変化がなく、生理的食
塩水に1力月浸漬しても同様に変化がなく優れた耐食性
を有することも確認された。
The hafnium thus obtained had a blue color, and analysis by Auger electron spectroscopy showed that the formed thin film was hafnium oxide. When the surface of this blue-colored hafnium was rubbed with sand rubber]00 times,
It was confirmed that the material had excellent wear resistance with only a few shallow scratches on the surface. It was also confirmed that there was no change in the blue color tone even after Ushidako No Funium was exposed to the atmosphere for one year, and that it had excellent corrosion resistance as well, with no change even after being immersed in physiological saline for a month. Ta.

(実施例2) 市販の原子力用ハフニウムを用い、これを表面研摩した
後、上記実施例で使用したオートクレーブ装置を用いて
発色処理を行った。この場合、酸化皮膜形成装置2内の
水蒸気雰囲気は圧力50 kg/lyn 2、温度40
0℃であり、ここに7・フニウムを12時間保持した後
、冷却して取シ出した。
(Example 2) After surface polishing using commercially available hafnium for nuclear power, coloring treatment was performed using the autoclave apparatus used in the above example. In this case, the water vapor atmosphere inside the oxide film forming apparatus 2 has a pressure of 50 kg/lyn2 and a temperature of 40 kg/lyn2.
The temperature was 0°C, and 7.funium was kept there for 12 hours, then cooled and taken out.

得られたハフニウムは表面が金色を呈しており、これを
X線回析した結果、金色薄膜は酸化ハフニウムであるこ
とが認められた。また上記実施例1と同様に耐摩耗性お
よび耐食性試験を行ったところ、何れも優れた効果を有
することが確認された。
The surface of the obtained hafnium had a golden color, and as a result of X-ray diffraction, it was confirmed that the golden thin film was hafnium oxide. Further, when abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance tests were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, it was confirmed that both had excellent effects.

(実施例3) 市販のハフニウムを用い、これを表面研摩した後、上記
実施例1で使用したオートクレーブ装置を用いて発色処
理を行った。この場合、酸化皮膜形成装置2内の水蒸気
雰囲気は圧力100に9/(7)2、温度480℃で、
ことにハフニウムを12時間保持した。
(Example 3) After surface polishing using commercially available hafnium, coloring treatment was performed using the autoclave apparatus used in Example 1 above. In this case, the steam atmosphere inside the oxide film forming apparatus 2 is at a pressure of 100 to 9/(7)2 and a temperature of 480°C.
In particular, hafnium was retained for 12 hours.

得られたハフニウムは表面が黒色を呈しておシ、まだ上
記実施例1と同様に耐摩耗性および耐食性試験を行った
ところ、優れた効果を有することが確認された。
The surface of the obtained hafnium was black, and when the wear resistance and corrosion resistance tests were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, it was confirmed that it had excellent effects.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上説明した如く、本発明に係るハフニウムの表面発色
処理方法によれば、金、青、黒色など重厚な色調が得ら
れると共に、発色面が優れだ耐摩耗性と耐食性を有し、
しかも容易に且つ安価に処理することができ、装飾品と
して種々の優れた効果を有するものである。
As explained above, according to the hafnium surface coloring treatment method of the present invention, deep color tones such as gold, blue, and black can be obtained, and the colored surface has excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
Moreover, it can be processed easily and inexpensively, and has various excellent effects as a decorative item.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は本発明方法に用いるオートクレーブ装置の概略構
成を示す説明図である。 1・・・ノ・フニウム、2・・・酸化皮膜形成装置、3
・・・水蒸気発生装置、4・・・真空列?ンプ、5・・
・水、6・・・パルプ、7・・・水蒸気、8・・・水蒸
気発生装置醒の圧力計、9・・・酸化皮膜形成装置の圧
プJ Mt、10・・・安全弁。
The drawing is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of an autoclave apparatus used in the method of the present invention. 1... no-funium, 2... oxide film forming device, 3
...Steam generator, 4...vacuum row? pump, 5...
・Water, 6...Pulp, 7...Steam, 8...Pressure gauge of the steam generator, 9...Pressure J Mt of the oxide film forming device, 10...Safety valve.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] ハフニウムを、圧力が0.1〜15oky/口2で、温
度が370〜500℃の水蒸気雰囲気中に保持して、表
面に酸化ハフニウム薄膜を形成することを特徴とするハ
フニウムの表面発色処理方法。
A method for coloring the surface of hafnium, which comprises holding hafnium in a steam atmosphere at a pressure of 0.1 to 15oky/2 and a temperature of 370 to 500°C to form a hafnium oxide thin film on the surface.
JP8361083A 1983-05-13 1983-05-13 Surface treatment of hafnium to develop color Pending JPS59208080A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8361083A JPS59208080A (en) 1983-05-13 1983-05-13 Surface treatment of hafnium to develop color

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8361083A JPS59208080A (en) 1983-05-13 1983-05-13 Surface treatment of hafnium to develop color

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59208080A true JPS59208080A (en) 1984-11-26

Family

ID=13807252

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8361083A Pending JPS59208080A (en) 1983-05-13 1983-05-13 Surface treatment of hafnium to develop color

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59208080A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0679728A1 (en) * 1994-04-26 1995-11-02 Eiwa Co Ltd Method and apparatus for processing metal material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0679728A1 (en) * 1994-04-26 1995-11-02 Eiwa Co Ltd Method and apparatus for processing metal material

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