JPS5920388A - Improvement of coal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve low-quality coal into coal which has increased calorific value and capable of being effectively utilized as a fuel, etc. by deashing and granulating dry distilled coal in water using as a binder the oil prepd. in the system. CONSTITUTION:After crushed by a crusher 2, coal, e.g., low-quality coal 1 is dry distilled in a retort 3. Oil 4 and moisture 5 are extracted by the dry distillation. After further pulverized, the coal dried and made hydrophobic by the dry distillation is deashed and granulated in water by a submerged granulator 6 with addition of a binder. The oil prepd. in the system or the oil extracted by the dry distillation has properties of being completely recoverable by making the recovery temp. same to the dry distillation temp. Therefore, the oil extracted by the dry distillation is used as said binder. Ash 7 is separated in the process of the deashing and granulation by the submerged granulator 6, the oil and moisture are recovered from the formed granulated coal 8 by an oil recovery unit 9, and thus improved coal 10 is obtd.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、石炭の改質方法に係り、特に褐炭。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method for reforming coal, particularly lignite.

亜炭、亜瀝青炭等の低品位炭より含有水分並びに灰分な
減少させ力ロリーア・ノブした石炭に改質すルし るのに好〆Ｖｊ石炭の改質方法に関するものである。The present invention relates to a method for reforming Vj coal, which is preferable for reforming into low-grade coal such as lignite and sub-bituminous coal by reducing its moisture content and ash content, thereby producing a low-grade coal.

従来より燃料等に広く利用されている石炭類のほとんど
は瀝宵炭等の高品位炭である。一方、低品位炭、例えば
、褐炭は地球上に存在すな石炭類の約４分の１を占めて
いるにもかかわらず、含有水分並びに灰分が多く低カロ
リー等の理由により有効利用されるに至っていない。す
なわち、これら低品位炭を燃料等に有効利用するために
は、含有水分並びに灰分な減少させカロリーアンプした
石炭に改質することが重要である。Most of the coals that have been widely used as fuels are high-grade coals such as biting coal. On the other hand, although low-grade coal, such as lignite, accounts for about a quarter of all coals on earth, it is not used effectively due to its high moisture and ash content and low calorie content. Not yet reached. That is, in order to effectively utilize these low-grade coals as fuel, etc., it is important to reform them into coals with reduced moisture content and ash content and increased calorie content.

しかし、現状では、上記したように高品質炭の利用が先
行しているため、低品位炭の有効利用のための適切な改
質技術は注目されておらず未完成な技術である。However, at present, as mentioned above, the use of high-quality coal is taking precedence, and therefore, appropriate reforming technology for the effective use of low-grade coal has not received attention and is an unfinished technology.

本発明の目的は、低品位炭を燃料等に有効利用可能なカ
ロリーアンプした石炭に改質する石炭の改質方法を提供
することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a coal reforming method for reforming low-grade coal into calorie-amplified coal that can be effectively used as fuel.

本発明の特徴は、石炭を乾留した後に、乾留した石炭若
しくは該石炭に乾留により抽出した油分をコーティング
した石炭を、結合剤として系内で生じた油分を使用し水
中にて脱灰造粒することで、含有水分並びに灰分な減少
させるようにしたことにある。The feature of the present invention is that after carbonizing coal, the carbonized coal or the coal coated with oil extracted by carbonization is decalcified and granulated in water using the oil generated within the system as a binder. This is to reduce the moisture content and ash content.

本発明の一実施例を図面により説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図面で、石炭、例えば、低品位炭１は、粉砕機２で粉砕
された後に、乾留装置３で乾留される。In the drawing, coal, for example, low-grade coal 1, is pulverized in a pulverizer 2 and then carbonized in a carbonization device 3.

ここで、乾留温度は、水素がヌ、メタンガスがほとんど
抽出されずに油分並びに水分が抽出される温度であり、
炭種と油分の抽出皿により規制される。また、乾留圧力
は′重圧である。この乾留により油分並びに水分５が抽
出される。乾留により乾される。この脱灰造粒の過程で
灰分７が分離される。その後、脱灰造粒により形成した
造粒炭８からは、油分回収装置９で油分並びに水分が回
収される。ここで、回収温度は、造粒炭８より全部の油
分を回収すれば防湿性が若干低下すると共に微粉化し発
火し易くなるため、必要とされるＩの油分を回収可能な
温度、すなわち、乾留温度より低い温度を選定するよう
にする。また、回収圧力は、常圧若しくは同一回収温度
での油分の回収を促進させるためにやや負圧とする。Here, the carbonization temperature is the temperature at which hydrogen is removed, methane gas is hardly extracted, and oil and water are extracted.
It is regulated by the type of charcoal and oil extraction tray. In addition, the carbonization pressure is 'heavy pressure'. This carbonization extracts oil and water 5. It is dried by carbonization. During this deashing and granulation process, ash 7 is separated. Thereafter, oil and moisture are recovered from the granulated coal 8 formed by deashing and granulation in an oil recovery device 9. Here, the recovery temperature is the temperature at which the required oil content I can be recovered, that is, the temperature at which the required oil content I can be recovered, because if all the oil content is recovered from the granulated coal 8, the moisture resistance will be slightly reduced and it will become pulverized and easily ignite. Be sure to select a temperature lower than the actual temperature. In addition, the recovery pressure is set to normal pressure or slightly negative pressure in order to promote recovery of oil at the same recovery temperature.

従来、高品位炭の脱灰造粒においては、結合剤に、比較
的安価で、しかも常温では蒸発性を有しない重油が一般
に使用されている。しかし、重油を用いた場合は、造粒
炭からの回収が良好に行えないために、絶えず系外から
重油を供給若しくは補給する必要がある。一方、系内で
生じた油分、すなわち、乾留により抽出された油分は、
上１ｃのように回収温度を乾留温度とすることで完全に
回収できる性質を有している。そこで本発明では、結合
剤として、乾留により抽出された油分を用いることとし
た。しかし、乾留により抽出された油分のみでは不足す
るため、更に系内で生じた油分、すなわち、造粒炭より
回収された油分を合せ用いることとした。Conventionally, in the deashing granulation of high-grade coal, heavy oil, which is relatively inexpensive and does not evaporate at room temperature, has generally been used as a binder. However, when heavy oil is used, recovery from granulated coal cannot be performed well, so it is necessary to constantly supply or replenish the heavy oil from outside the system. On the other hand, the oil produced within the system, that is, the oil extracted by carbonization, is
It has the property of being able to be completely recovered by setting the recovery temperature to the carbonization temperature as shown in 1c above. Therefore, in the present invention, an oil extracted by carbonization is used as a binder. However, since the oil extracted by carbonization alone was insufficient, it was decided to also use the oil generated within the system, that is, the oil recovered from the granulated coal.

このように、結合剤に系内で生じた油分、すなわち、乾
留により抽出された油分と造粒炭より回収された油分と
を使用しているので、系外から油分を供給若しくは補給
する必要がない。勿論、このプロセスのスタート時には
、脱灰造粒に必要な量の油分をあらかじめ乾留若しくは
回収して準備しておく必要はある。In this way, since the binder uses oil generated within the system, that is, oil extracted by carbonization and oil recovered from granulated coal, there is no need to supply or replenish oil from outside the system. do not have. Of course, at the start of this process, it is necessary to prepare in advance the amount of oil necessary for deashing and granulation by carbonization or recovery.

本実施例に従い含有水分並びに灰分がそれぞれ２５％、
３５％の低品位炭の改質を行ったところ次のような結果
を得た。According to this example, the water content and ash content are each 25%,
When 35% low rank coal was reformed, the following results were obtained.

まず、上記低品位炭を一６朋の大きさまで粉砕し乾留温
度＝４００°Ｃ２乾留圧力＝常圧の条件で乾留した。こ
れにより４チの油分が抽出さ几、また、水分が抽出され
て乾燥し、かつ、疎水化された。この乾燥、疎水化され
た石炭を、更に一７４μｍ８０％に微粉砕した後に、結
合剤を２０％添加し水中にて脱灰造粒した。これにより
含有灰分は２０％に減少した。その後、造粒炭より油分
並びｌこ水分を回収した。この場合、乾留１こより抽出
された油分は４％であり、結合剤として１６％の油分が
不足するため、造粒炭から１６チの油分を回収するよう
に回収温度を３５０℃とし、また、回収圧力は常圧とし
た。最終的に得られた改質炭の含有水分は恒湿状態下で
約１４％であり、また、含有灰分は２０％であった。First, the above-mentioned low-grade coal was pulverized to a size of 16 mm and carbonized under the conditions of carbonization temperature = 400°C2 carbonization pressure = normal pressure. As a result, four parts of oil were extracted, water was extracted, and the mixture was dried and made hydrophobic. This dried and hydrophobized coal was further finely pulverized to -74 μm and 80%, and then 20% of a binder was added and deashed and granulated in water. This reduced the ash content to 20%. Thereafter, oil and moisture were recovered from the granulated coal. In this case, the oil content extracted from one carbonization is 4%, and since 16% of the oil content is insufficient as a binder, the recovery temperature is set to 350°C so that 16% of oil content is recovered from the granulated coal. The recovery pressure was normal pressure. The moisture content of the finally obtained modified coal was about 14% under constant humidity conditions, and the ash content was 20%.

なお、本実施例の他に、乾留した石炭に乾留−二よ 終り抽出した油分をコーティングした石炭を、結合剤と
して系内で生じた油分を使用し水中にて脱灰造粒させる
ようにしても特に問題はない。In addition to this example, the carbonized coal was coated with oil extracted after carbonization-2, and the coal was decalcified and granulated in water using the oil generated in the system as a binder. There is no particular problem.

本発明は、以上説明したように、石炭を乾留した後に、
乾留した石炭若しくは該石炭に乾留により抽出した油分
をコーティングした石炭を、結合剤として系内で生じた
油分を使用し水中にて脱灰造粒するということで、含有
水分並びに灰分な減少させることができるので、低品位
炭を燃料等に有効利用可能な力ｐリーアップした石炭に
改質できる効果がある。As explained above, in the present invention, after carbonizing coal,
Carbonized coal or coal coated with oil extracted by carbonization is deashed and granulated in water using the oil generated within the system as a binder to reduce the moisture content and ash content. This has the effect of reforming low-grade coal into coal with increased power that can be effectively used as fuel.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

、図面は、本発明を実施した石炭の改質プロセスの一例
を示すプロセスフロー図である。 １・・・・・・低品位炭、２・・・・・・粉砕機、３・
・曲乾留装置、４・・・・・・油分、５・・・・・・水
分、６・叩・水中造粒装置、７・・・・・・灰分、８・
・・・・・造粒炭、９・・・・・・油分回収装置、１０
・・・・・・改質炭 代理人　弁理士　　薄　１）利　幸, the drawing is a process flow diagram showing an example of a coal reforming process in which the present invention is implemented. 1...Low rank coal, 2...Crusher, 3.
- Curved carbonization equipment, 4... Oil content, 5... Moisture, 6. Beating/underwater granulation equipment, 7... Ash content, 8.
... Granulated coal, 9 ... Oil recovery device, 10
...Reformed coal agent Patent attorney Usui 1) Toshiyuki

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １　石炭を乾留した後に、乾留した石炭若しくは該石炭
に乾留により抽出した油分をコーティングした石炭を、
結合剤として系内で生じた油分貿火 を使用し水中にて脱灰造粒することを特許とする石炭の
改質方法。 ２、　　ｆ＋ｉＪ記系内で生じた油分を、Ａｆｔ記石炭
より抽出した油分とＭ記脱灰造粒で形成された造粒炭よ
り回収した油分とする特許ＮＦＩ求の範凹第１項記載の
石炭の改質方法。[Claims] 1. After carbonizing coal, the carbonized coal or the coal coated with oil extracted by carbonization,
A patented coal reforming method that uses oil produced within the system as a binder and performs deashing and granulation in water. 2. The oil content generated in the f+iJ system is the oil content extracted from the Aft coal content and the oil content recovered from the granulated coal formed by the M deashing granulation process, as described in Paragraph 1 of the Patent NFI Request. Coal reforming method.