JPS5920316B2 - Color solid-state imaging device - Google Patents

Color solid-state imaging device

Info

Publication number
JPS5920316B2
JPS5920316B2 JP51048134A JP4813476A JPS5920316B2 JP S5920316 B2 JPS5920316 B2 JP S5920316B2 JP 51048134 A JP51048134 A JP 51048134A JP 4813476 A JP4813476 A JP 4813476A JP S5920316 B2 JPS5920316 B2 JP S5920316B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
circuit
supplied
sampling
output
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP51048134A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS52130521A (en
Inventor
文男 名雲
勝 島田
俊帥 西村
成介 山中
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sony Corp
Original Assignee
Sony Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
Priority to JP51048134A priority Critical patent/JPS5920316B2/en
Publication of JPS52130521A publication Critical patent/JPS52130521A/en
Publication of JPS5920316B2 publication Critical patent/JPS5920316B2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
  • Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 電荷結合素子CCDなどの半導体素子を撮像素子として
使用する固体撮像装置が提案されている。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A solid-state imaging device has been proposed that uses a semiconductor element such as a charge-coupled device CCD as an imaging element.

CCDを斯種装置に使用する場合には、構造としては、
周知のようにシリコンの半導体基体の一の面にSiO2
層を形成し、その上面に電極を一定間隔に形成し、例え
ば反対側より像を光学的に投影して半導体基体の各電極
下の部分に電荷を蓄積し、この蓄積された信号を電極に
与えるク頭ンクパルスによつて順次転送して読み出すよ
うになつている。ところで、このような半導体を用いた
固体撮像装置では、半導体の結晶を一定の面積にわたつ
て均一に形成することが難かしく、局部的に結晶欠陥が
生じ、この結晶欠陥がある部分で熱的な原因によつて電
荷が発生しやすくなるので、暗電流がこの部分で他の部
分に比べて異常に大きくなる傾向がある。
When using a CCD in this type of device, the structure is as follows:
As is well known, SiO2 is deposited on one surface of a silicon semiconductor substrate.
A layer is formed, and electrodes are formed at regular intervals on the upper surface of the layer. For example, an image is optically projected from the opposite side to accumulate charge in the portion of the semiconductor substrate under each electrode, and this accumulated signal is transmitted to the electrode. The data are sequentially transferred and read out using the supplied clock pulses. By the way, in solid-state imaging devices using such semiconductors, it is difficult to uniformly form semiconductor crystals over a certain area, and local crystal defects occur, and thermal effects occur in areas with these crystal defects. Because charges are easily generated due to various reasons, dark current tends to be abnormally large in this part compared to other parts.

このため、被写体像を投影して上述のように信号を読み
出したとき、暗電流が異常に大きいところではノイズが
発生する。
Therefore, when a subject image is projected and a signal is read out as described above, noise occurs in areas where the dark current is abnormally large.

そしてこのノイズは白レベルを越えるレベルのものとな
るので再生画面上に映し出したとき目につきやすいもの
となる。本発明は、この半導体の結晶欠陥などに起因す
るノイズを回路的な処理により有効かつ確実に除去する
ことができるようにしたもので、以下本発明によるカラ
ー固体撮像装置の一例を第1図を参照して説明しよう。
第1図に示すカラー固体撮像装置10は複数の、例えば
3個の固体撮像体(以下固体撮像体として→CCDを用
いる)1R〜1Bで構成した場合で、それがため図のよ
うに被写体2は光学系3及び、一対のハーフミラー4a
、4b及びミラー4c、4dで例えば構成された分光系
4を夫々介してCCDlR〜1Bに投影される。
Since this noise exceeds the white level, it is easily noticeable when displayed on a playback screen. The present invention makes it possible to effectively and reliably remove noise caused by crystal defects in semiconductors through circuit processing. Let's refer to it and explain.
The color solid-state imaging device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is composed of a plurality of, for example, three solid-state imaging bodies (hereinafter referred to as a solid-state imaging body →CCD) 1R to 1B, so that a subject 2 as shown in the figure is configured. is an optical system 3 and a pair of half mirrors 4a
, 4b and mirrors 4c, 4d, respectively, and projected onto the CCDs 1R to 1B via a spectroscopic system 4, respectively.

CCDlR〜1Bの前面には、例えば単色透過型の色フ
イルタ6R〜6Bが配され、従つてCCDlR〜1Bの
各撮像領域にはR−Bの各色分解像が投影されることに
なる。これらの色分解像にもとずく光情報はCCDlR
〜1Bに供給されるクロツクパルスφcによつて順次読
出され、色分解像に対応したカラー撮像出力SR−SB
が得られる。
For example, monochromatic transmissive color filters 6R to 6B are arranged in front of the CCDs 1R to 1B, so that R-B color separated images are projected onto each imaging area of the CCDs 1R to 1B. The optical information based on these color separation images is transmitted by CCDlR.
The color imaging output SR-SB corresponding to the color separation image is sequentially read out by the clock pulse φc supplied to 1B.
is obtained.

なお、クロツクパルスφcは例えば同期盤7から得るこ
とができるが、勿論専用のクロツクパルス発生器を設け
てもよい。
Note that the clock pulse φc can be obtained, for example, from the synchronous board 7, but of course a dedicated clock pulse generator may also be provided.

撮像出力SR−SBは同期盤7で得たサンプリング信号
φsにて駆動されるサンプリングホールド回路8R〜8
Bに供給されたのち、撮像出力SR〜SBのペデスタル
レベルの調整や、ガンマ一補正などを行なうプロセス回
路9R〜9Bを経てマトリツクス回路11に供給される
The imaging output SR-SB is provided by sampling hold circuits 8R to 8 driven by the sampling signal φs obtained from the synchronization board 7.
After being supplied to the matrix circuit 11 through process circuits 9R to 9B that perform pedestal level adjustment and gamma correction of the imaging outputs SR to SB.

マトリツクス回路11からは周知のように例えば(R−
Y)及び(B−Y)の各色差信号が得られると共に、輝
度信号SYが得られ、これらはエンコーダ12に供給さ
れる。
From the matrix circuit 11, for example (R-
Each color difference signal (Y) and (B-Y) is obtained, and a luminance signal SY is also obtained, which are supplied to the encoder 12.

従つて、その出力端子12aから、例えばNTSC方式
のカラー映像信号SNTSOが得られる。なお、Ssc
は色副搬送波信号を示す。
Therefore, for example, an NTSC color video signal SNTSO is obtained from the output terminal 12a. In addition, Ssc
indicates the color subcarrier signal.

ところで、CCDの製造中において生ずる結晶欠陥の領
域は、数絵素分に相当する領域までのものが比較的多い
ので、この結晶欠陥等に起因して発生する雑音成分は高
域部分に集中する0従つて、周波数成分の低い色差信号
の帯域内にはこの雑音成分は殆んど含まれていないもの
として取扱つても別段問題はない。
By the way, the areas of crystal defects that occur during the manufacturing of CCDs are relatively large in areas that correspond to several picture elements, so the noise components generated due to these crystal defects are concentrated in the high frequency region. 0 Therefore, there is no particular problem even if this noise component is treated as being almost not included in the band of the color difference signal having a low frequency component.

本発明はこの雑音成分の分布する領域に注目して、特に
マトリツクス回路11で得た輝度信号SYの信号伝送路
L上に雑音成分の除去回路20を設けたものである。
The present invention pays attention to the region in which the noise components are distributed, and particularly provides a noise component removal circuit 20 on the signal transmission path L of the luminance signal SY obtained by the matrix circuit 11.

除去回路20は図のように信号伝送路Lに対し直列に接
続された遅延回路21を有し、輝度信号SY(第2図A
)を後述する検出動作から制御動作に移るまでに要する
時間だけ、本例ではこの時間より若干長い時間で(第2
図B)だけ遅延させたのち、サンプリングホールド回路
22に供給する。
The removal circuit 20 has a delay circuit 21 connected in series to the signal transmission line L as shown in the figure, and has a delay circuit 21 connected in series to the signal transmission line L,
), which will be described later, is the time required to move from the detection operation to the control operation, and in this example, the time is slightly longer than this time (second
After delaying the signal by the amount shown in FIG. B), the signal is supplied to the sampling and holding circuit 22.

このホールド回路22には上述した同期盤7)で得たサ
ンプリング信号φsが、ゲート回路として構成されたサ
ンプリング信号制御回路24を介して供給される。
This hold circuit 22 is supplied with the sampling signal φs obtained from the above-mentioned synchronous board 7) via a sampling signal control circuit 24 configured as a gate circuit.

一方、輝度信号SYの一部はレベル検出回路nに供給さ
れる。
On the other hand, a part of the luminance signal SY is supplied to the level detection circuit n.

ここで、輝度信号SY中のSNで示すパルス性の信号が
、CCDlR〜1Bの局部的な結晶欠陥などによる雑音
で、そのピーク値は白レベルより遥かに高い。従つて、
レベル検出回路23では白レベルよりも高い任意のレベ
ルDE(第2図A)を検出レベルとして定める。
Here, the pulsed signal indicated by SN in the luminance signal SY is noise due to local crystal defects in the CCDs 1R to 1B, and its peak value is much higher than the white level. Therefore,
The level detection circuit 23 determines an arbitrary level DE (FIG. 2A) higher than the white level as the detection level.

依つて、今雑音SNが検出されたとき、その検出出力S
Dで制御回路24を制御し、例えば検出出力SDでサン
プリング信号φsの供給を阻止するようにすれば、検出
時点tにおける遅延された輝度信号SYのレベルLEが
そのままホールドされ続けるから、第2図Cで示すよう
に雑音SNの除去された輝度信号SYIを得ることがで
きる。従つて、この輝度信号SY!を使用すれば画質は
劣化しない。以上説明したように本発明では除去回路2
0を設けたので、結晶欠陥等に起因する雑音を有効確実
に除去することができ、画質の劣化を防止できる特徴が
ある。
Therefore, when the noise SN is detected now, its detection output S
If the control circuit 24 is controlled by D and, for example, the detection output SD blocks the supply of the sampling signal φs, the level LE of the delayed luminance signal SY at the detection time t will continue to be held as is, as shown in FIG. As shown in C, a luminance signal SYI from which noise SN has been removed can be obtained. Therefore, this luminance signal SY! If you use , the image quality will not deteriorate. As explained above, in the present invention, the removal circuit 2
Since 0 is provided, it is possible to effectively and reliably remove noise caused by crystal defects, etc., and has the feature that deterioration of image quality can be prevented.

更に、本発明では輝度信号SYの伝送路上にのみ除去回
路20を設けるようにしたので、特にCCDを複数個用
いた場合でもその使用個数に係りなく1個だけで済む。
Furthermore, in the present invention, since the removal circuit 20 is provided only on the transmission path of the luminance signal SY, even if a plurality of CCDs are used, only one is required regardless of the number of CCDs used.

依つて回路の簡略化を図つてなおかつ回路省略前の場合
と同様の効果を奏しうるものである。なお、上述した実
施例では、サンプリングホールド回路22をレベル検出
回路23の出力で制御するようにした例であるが、本発
明ではその思想を脱しない限り、幾多の変形変更をなし
うる。
Therefore, the circuit can be simplified and the same effect as before the circuit is omitted can be achieved. In the above-described embodiment, the sampling and holding circuit 22 is controlled by the output of the level detection circuit 23, but the present invention can be modified in many ways without departing from the concept.

又、使用するCCDの個数も限定されない。Furthermore, the number of CCDs used is not limited either.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明によるカラー固体撮像装置の一例を示す
系続図、第2図はその動作説明に供する波形図である。 1R〜1BはCCDlllはマトリツクス回路、12は
エンコーダ、20は雑音成分SNの除去回路、21は遅
延回路、22はサンプリングホールド回路、23はレベ
ル検出回路、SR−SBは撮像出力、SYは輝度信号で
ある。
FIG. 1 is a series diagram showing an example of a color solid-state imaging device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram for explaining its operation. 1R to 1B, CCDll is a matrix circuit, 12 is an encoder, 20 is a noise component SN removal circuit, 21 is a delay circuit, 22 is a sampling hold circuit, 23 is a level detection circuit, SR-SB is an imaging output, SY is a luminance signal It is.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 複数の固体撮像体を有し、これらに夫々被写体を投
影して所望とするカラー撮像出力を得ると共に、このカ
ラー撮像出力に基いて形成された輝度信号の伝送路上に
、上記固体撮像体の結晶欠陥等に起因する雑音成分を除
去する除去回路を設け、該除去回路は上記輝度信号が供
給されてその所定レベル以上のレベルを検出するレベル
検出回路と、該レベル検出回路の出力で制御されるサン
プリングパルスが供給されるゲート回路と、該ゲート回
路の出力がサンプリングパルスとして供給されるサンプ
リングホールド回路と、上記輝度信号が供給され、上記
検出回路における時間遅延よりも若干長い遅延時間を有
し、その出力が上記サンプリングホールド回路に供給さ
れるようになされた遅延回路とを有することを特徴とす
るカラー固体撮像装置。
1 It has a plurality of solid-state image pickup bodies, and projects a subject on each of them to obtain a desired color image pickup output, and the solid-state image pickup body A removal circuit for removing noise components caused by crystal defects, etc. is provided, and the removal circuit is controlled by a level detection circuit that is supplied with the luminance signal and detects a level equal to or higher than a predetermined level, and an output of the level detection circuit. a gate circuit to which a sampling pulse is supplied; a sampling hold circuit to which an output of the gate circuit is supplied as a sampling pulse; and a sampling hold circuit to which the luminance signal is supplied and which has a delay time slightly longer than the time delay in the detection circuit. , and a delay circuit whose output is supplied to the sampling and hold circuit.
JP51048134A 1976-04-27 1976-04-27 Color solid-state imaging device Expired JPS5920316B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP51048134A JPS5920316B2 (en) 1976-04-27 1976-04-27 Color solid-state imaging device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP51048134A JPS5920316B2 (en) 1976-04-27 1976-04-27 Color solid-state imaging device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS52130521A JPS52130521A (en) 1977-11-01
JPS5920316B2 true JPS5920316B2 (en) 1984-05-12

Family

ID=12794852

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP51048134A Expired JPS5920316B2 (en) 1976-04-27 1976-04-27 Color solid-state imaging device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5920316B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61221530A (en) * 1985-03-19 1986-10-01 シャープ株式会社 Electronic apparatus
JPH04265640A (en) * 1991-02-21 1992-09-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Instantaneous power stoppage preventive device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5432226A (en) * 1977-08-18 1979-03-09 Toshiba Corp Color television pick up system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61221530A (en) * 1985-03-19 1986-10-01 シャープ株式会社 Electronic apparatus
JPH04265640A (en) * 1991-02-21 1992-09-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Instantaneous power stoppage preventive device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS52130521A (en) 1977-11-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4189751A (en) Solid state television camera with defect compensation to reduce noise
JPH03500837A (en) Color imager using horizontal stripe color filter to reduce rise time artifacts
JPS6118912B2 (en)
JPS63301688A (en) Field sequential color television camera
JPS6086980A (en) Correcting method for picture defect of solid-state image pickup device
JPS6013549B2 (en) Noise removal circuit for solid-state imaging devices
JPS61113367A (en) Image pickup device
JPS5920316B2 (en) Color solid-state imaging device
JPS59204804A (en) Color filter
JPH0620317B2 (en) Imaging device
JPS6019718B2 (en) Color solid-state imaging device
JPS6259956B2 (en)
JPS5946154B2 (en) Noise removal circuit for solid-state imaging devices
JPS6089187A (en) Color solid-state image pickup device
JPH0251981A (en) Image pickup device
JPS6285591A (en) Image pickup device
JP2585019B2 (en) Imaging device
JPS5919473A (en) Solid-state image pickup device
JPH0612889A (en) Delay device
JP2562287B2 (en) Solid-state imaging device
JPS61157182A (en) Image pickup device
JPS62168473A (en) Image pickup device
JPH03245685A (en) Electronic still camera
JPS5918909B2 (en) color imaging device
JP3023113B2 (en) Solid-state imaging device