JPS59193267A - Production and apparatus for setting chemically controlled atomosphere for metal treatment - Google Patents
Production and apparatus for setting chemically controlled atomosphere for metal treatmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59193267A JPS59193267A JP58240798A JP24079883A JPS59193267A JP S59193267 A JPS59193267 A JP S59193267A JP 58240798 A JP58240798 A JP 58240798A JP 24079883 A JP24079883 A JP 24079883A JP S59193267 A JPS59193267 A JP S59193267A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- atmosphere
- fluidized bed
- precursor
- chemically controlled
- bed apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/53—Heating in fluidised beds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、金属の熱処理の分野に関し、特に特殊な組成
をイｊづる炉の雰囲気が要求される浸炭、浸炭浸窒、通
し硬化、炭素回復、復炭等の熱処理に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of heat treatment of metals, particularly heat treatments such as carburizing, carbo-nitriding, through-hardening, carbon recovery, and recarburization that require a furnace atmosphere with a special composition. Regarding.
制御された炉雰囲気が要求される硬化、炭素回復、焼な
らし、応力除去焼なまし、通し焼なまし、浸炭、浸炭浸
窒、表面硬化法等を含み金属作業片、例えば部品、鋳物
、鍛造物等の物理特性を改良する工程は、公知であり、
以下においては金属処理方法どして集約的に参照される
。Hardening, carbon recovery, normalizing, stress relief annealing, through annealing, carburizing, carbo-nitriding, surface hardening methods, etc. that require a controlled furnace atmosphere include metal workpieces, e.g. parts, castings, etc. The process of improving the physical properties of forged products etc. is well known,
In the following, reference will be made collectively to metal processing methods.
通常、これらの方法は、作業片の化学組成を変化あるい
は維持させるような制御された雰囲気を右するかにおい
て、高温度に金属作業片を露している。例えば、作業片
が鉄鋼のような炭素を含む鉄金属で、高温の炉の雰囲気
内に露された場合には、炭素か主に温度と炉の雰囲気の
組成とによって、鉄製の作業片に拡散したり、あるいは
流出づる。もし、炉の雰囲気が相当量の水蒸気、水素ガ
ス、二酸化炭素あるいは他の高温て炭素ど反応づる物質
を含むならば、炭素は鉄製の作業おから除去されて、そ
の組成および物理特性を変化させるだろう。もし、炉の
雰囲気が１′Ｌ業片より大きい炭素質、？ｌなわち初期
の炭素濃度づなわちカーボンポテンシャルを有し、初期
の炭素ど反応７ｊるＪ、うな物質を不うしていないなら
ば、炭素は、ｊ′Ａ製の１１業片に添加してその物理特
性例えば硬化おＪ、ひ耐摩耗性を変えるだろう。Typically, these methods involve exposing the metal workpiece to elevated temperatures in a controlled atmosphere that alters or maintains the chemical composition of the workpiece. For example, if the work piece is a ferrous metal containing carbon, such as steel, and is exposed to a high temperature furnace atmosphere, the carbon will diffuse into the steel work piece, depending primarily on the temperature and the composition of the furnace atmosphere. or leak out. If the furnace atmosphere contains significant amounts of water vapor, hydrogen gas, carbon dioxide, or other substances that react with carbon at high temperatures, carbon may be removed from the ironwork and change its composition and physical properties. right. If the atmosphere in the furnace is carbonaceous, which is larger than 1'L piece? l, that is, the initial carbon concentration, i.e., carbon potential, and the initial carbon reaction 7j, if no substances such as J, are lost, carbon can be added to the Its physical properties, such as hardening, will change its abrasion resistance.
同様に、アンモニアが炭素質の炉の雰囲気内に加えられ
た場合には、炭素と同様に窒素か１９、製の作業片に添
加されで、更に硬化ｄ３よび耐摩耗性を改良づる一Ｃあ
ろう。従って、作業片あるい（よ作業片表面の組成は、
炉の雰囲気内の組成を制１ｉｌＩｌづることによって、
金属処理工稈温麿で維持あるい（３１変化されるだろう
。Similarly, if ammonia is added to the carbonaceous furnace atmosphere, nitrogen as well as carbon can be added to workpieces made of carbon to further improve hardness and wear resistance. Dew. Therefore, the composition of the work piece or surface of the work piece is
By controlling the composition within the furnace atmosphere,
It will be maintained or changed at the metal processing plant.
特定の金属処理工程のための制御された炉の雰囲気を創
造する種々の試みは、公知である。アメリカ金属学会、
金属ハンドブック、オハイオ州、メタルパーク、１９６
４年、２巻、６７−１２８頁参照
金属処哩方法用の制御された炉の雰囲気は、代表的に、
部分的に燃焼させた炭化水素、例えば好適な炉で空気と
部分的に燃焼させたメタンから得られる。得られた雰囲
気は、約４０％のＮ２、約４０％の１１２、約２０％の
ＣＯと、受担のＮ２０およびＣ○２副産物および不純物
とから構成されるであろう。作業片表面に炭素を添加す
る方法において、］」２０およびＣＯ２は、雰囲気内の
カーボンポテンシャルを減少させる副反応を生じさせる
ので、好ましくない。代表的に、この問題は、カーボン
ポテンシャルの減少を防止するために、ト１２０Ｊ５よ
びＣＯ２と反応する雰囲気に炭化水素を追加して制御さ
れる。Various attempts to create controlled furnace atmospheres for specific metal processing processes are known. American Institute of Metals,
Metals Handbook, Metal Park, Ohio, 196.
4, Vol. 2, pp. 67-128. The controlled furnace atmosphere for metal processing processes typically includes:
Obtained from partially combusted hydrocarbons, for example methane partially combusted with air in a suitable furnace. The resulting atmosphere will be comprised of about 40% N2, about 40% 112, about 20% CO, with supporting N20 and C02 by-products and impurities. In the method of adding carbon to the workpiece surface, ]'20 and CO2 are undesirable because they cause side reactions that reduce the carbon potential in the atmosphere. Typically, this problem is controlled by adding hydrocarbons to the atmosphere that reacts with To 120J5 and CO2 to prevent reduction in carbon potential.
最近になって、前ｊボのような空気で燃焼させた炭化水
素から得られた物よりも同等以上の有利な組成を有する
金属処理雰囲気が例えば米国特許第４−３０６９１８号
および第４１４５２３２＠の過酸化炭化水素の加熱分解
によって得られている。More recently, metal processing atmospheres with compositions as advantageous or more favorable than those obtained from air-combusted hydrocarbons such as those previously described have been developed, e.g. in U.S. Pat. Obtained by thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon peroxide.
これらは、金属処理工程のために炉の雰囲気に誘導され
る過酸化炭化水素を用いて、金属に炭素がより速くより
均一に移動する等の種々の顕茗な利点を有しＣいる。These have various significant advantages, such as faster and more uniform transfer of carbon to the metal, using hydrocarbon peroxides introduced into the furnace atmosphere for the metal processing process.
流動床炉は、迅速で均一な熱伝達、使用の容易性、およ
び安全性の観点から金属処理業界にｄ３いて公知である
。米国特許第３０５３７０４号参照。Fluidized bed furnaces are well known in the metal processing industry for their rapid and uniform heat transfer, ease of use, and safety. See US Pat. No. 3,053,704.
従来の流動床炉は、細かく粉砕された粒状固体１云熱媒
体例えばアルミナを含む加熱容器りなゎち処理４ｇ （
レトルｌ〜）を備えているであろう。この加熱容器の下
端部には、流動ガスを充気室の下部がら床媒体を通って
上方に加熱容器に導入りる分１）り板が位置している。A conventional fluidized bed furnace consists of 1 g of finely ground granular solids and 4 g of heated vessel containing a heating medium such as alumina (
It will be equipped with a rettle l~). At the lower end of this heating vessel is located a dividing plate for introducing the fluidized gas from the lower part of the plenum through the bed medium and upwards into the heating vessel.
この流動ガスは床奴イホを液体のように振舞う膨張体と
して浮遊させる。熱は電気加熱器等から容器の壁ごしあ
るいは面接に１膨張体に伝達される。あるいは、流動ガ
スが容器に導入される前に加熱されてもよい１゜加熱さ
れた膨張体に沈められた作業片は迅速に均一に加熱され
る。This fluid gas causes the tokonoko Iho to float as an expanding body that behaves like a liquid. Heat is transferred from an electric heater or the like to the expansion body through the walls or surfaces of the container. Alternatively, a workpiece submerged in a 1° heated expansion body which may be heated before the fluidizing gas is introduced into the vessel is rapidly and uniformly heated.
前述の物を参照すると、メタノールのよう４１液体過酸
化炭化水素から得られる前処即用の雰囲気は、この流体
を制御された但で加熱容器に導入し、操作する事が困難
であるので、流動床金属処理方法に向かないものと思わ
れていた。例えば、加熱ガス状メタノールは極端に燃え
易く、またその温度が低くなった時に迅速に液体状態に
凝縮する。With reference to the foregoing, the pretreatment atmosphere obtained from liquid peroxide hydrocarbons, such as methanol, is difficult to control since it is difficult to introduce and manipulate this fluid into a heated vessel in a controlled manner. It was thought that it would not be suitable for fluidized bed metal processing methods. For example, heated gaseous methanol is extremely flammable and rapidly condenses to a liquid state when its temperature is lowered.
可燃性は安全に関する問題を誘発し、迅速な凝縮はパイ
プラインの構築が困難となり、更に流量計のような従来
の技術でガスを正確に測定することは、凝縮を起す凝縮
点が存在する限り困難となる。Flammability poses safety issues, rapid condensation makes pipeline construction difficult, and measuring gases accurately with traditional techniques such as flow meters is difficult as long as there is a condensation point where condensation can occur. It becomes difficult.
更に、それの蒸気化は、蒸気化装置におりる局所的な凝
縮を起すような吸熱反応工程であるからガスの正確な測
定を妨害する。この問題は、メタノールがＣＯ２、Ｎ２
０および煤＜’ｆｉ離炭素）等の不活性あるいは好まし
くない副産物に早まって分解される虞れがあるので、過
酸化炭化水素が多くの金属処理工程に要求される容器温
度のそれに近イ」り温度に通常予め加熱できない事実に
よって倍加される。流動床金属処理炉における蒸気化さ
れた液体過酸化炭化水素の使用での他の問題は、ガスの
流量が床媒体の好ましい流動化を達成するためにかなり
狭い範囲のパラメータでなければならないことに関連す
る。Furthermore, its vaporization is an endothermic reaction process that causes localized condensation in the vaporizer, thus interfering with accurate measurement of the gas. The problem is that methanol is CO2, N2
Because hydrocarbon peroxides may be prematurely decomposed into inert or undesirable by-products such as carbon dioxide and soot <'fi carbon, hydrocarbon peroxides may approach vessel temperatures close to those required for many metal processing processes. This is compounded by the fact that it usually cannot be preheated to a certain temperature. Another problem with the use of vaporized liquid peroxide hydrocarbons in fluidized bed metal processing furnaces is that the gas flow rate must be a fairly narrow range of parameters to achieve favorable fluidization of the bed media. Related.
本発明は、アルコール、アルデヒド、エーテル、エステ
ルおよびこれらの混合物を含む炭素原子か８個を通常は
４個を越えない低モル分子量の液体過酸化炭化水素の混
合物から流動化床における制御された金属処理雰囲気を
作り出す方法おＪ：び装置を形成する。これら過酸化炭
化水素は、好ましくは、エタノール、酢酸アルデヒド、
ジメチールエーテル、酢酸メチル、蟻酸メチルであり、
特に好ましいのはメタノールど酢酸エチルである。後に
雰囲気前駆物質あるいはＡＰどして参照するこれら金属
処理雰囲気創造組成物は、しばしば通常窒素あるいはア
ルゴンのような不活性ガスに混合され、また所望の雰囲
気を形成りるために流動化床に導入前にカーボンポテン
シャルを制御覆るメタンあるいはプロパンのような耐炭
素ガスに混合される。蒸気化は、従来の流動床の下の充
気室、あるいはＡＰ供給ラインに好ましく位置する装置
で実ｍされる。いかなる場合にＪ５いても、蒸気化は、
ＡＰの早まった分解を防止するために高温の容器温度か
ら十分に絶縁された領域にｄ５いてｔ’Ｊなわれなけれ
ばならない。この流動床の分散板の土−に設【ノられた
非常に粗い（たぶん１０メツシＪの）時々グロックと呼
ばれる層が充気室と高温の容器とを隔離し、また前記分
散板は、ＡＰを分解づ−る前に加熱容器に導入している
。このグロッグ層の厚みは、期待される特別の工程、使
用されるＡＰＩｌｌ−３よび要求される流眞に依存する
。実施例にａ５いては、有効に用いられたグロックがＡ
Ｉ ２０３加（アルミナ）およびＳ！Ｏｚ（シリカ砂
）を含んでいた。しかしながら、意図された温度Ｊ５よ
ひ意図されｌｃ雰囲気内【′不活性な物質はグロックと
し【用いらねることは明らかである１゜
本発明の特別の利点は、漏洩がなく、容器から空気を確
実に除外していることである。非流動化休炉においては
、漏洩から空気による汚染が頻繁（Ｊ起こっ（、炉の雰
囲気の希釈と、酸素、′Ｌ酸化炭’Ｉ＝ Ｊ３．Ｊ、ひ
水と一酸化炭素との反応との両者によって、ｈ−ボンボ
ｊンシセルの低下の原因となる。The present invention provides a method for controlling the production of metal in fluidized beds from mixtures of liquid peroxide hydrocarbons of low molar molecular weight, usually not exceeding 4 to 8 carbon atoms, including alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, esters, and mixtures thereof. Method and apparatus for creating a processing atmosphere. These peroxide hydrocarbons are preferably ethanol, acetic aldehyde,
dimethyl ether, methyl acetate, methyl formate,
Particularly preferred are methanol and ethyl acetate. These metal processing atmosphere-creating compositions, later referred to as atmosphere precursors or APs, are often mixed with an inert gas, usually nitrogen or argon, and introduced into a fluidized bed to form the desired atmosphere. It is mixed with a carbon-resistant gas such as methane or propane before covering to control the carbon potential. Vaporization is carried out in a plenum below a conventional fluidized bed or in a device preferably located in the AP feed line. In any case J5, vaporization is
d5 and t'J must be carried out in an area well insulated from high vessel temperatures to prevent premature decomposition of the AP. A very coarse (perhaps 10 mesh) layer, sometimes called Glock, installed in the soil of the distribution plate of this fluidized bed separates the plenum chamber from the hot vessel, and said distribution plate is introduced into a heating container before being decomposed. The thickness of this grog layer depends on the particular process expected, the APIll-3 used and the required flow. In the example A5, the Glock that was effectively used was A5.
I 203 addition (alumina) and S! Contains Oz (silica sand). However, it is clear that the intended temperature J5 cannot be used within the intended LC atmosphere ['inert material is Glock'1°].A particular advantage of the invention is that there is no leakage and the air is removed from the container. This is definitely excluded. During non-fluidized shutdown, contamination by air from leakage frequently occurs (J) due to dilution of the furnace atmosphere and the reaction between oxygen, carbon oxide, and carbon monoxide. Both of these causes a decrease in h-bombonj cells.
従来の炉の金属処理雰囲気の空気による汚染は、を防止
づるために、２−２０％の過酸化炭化水系の添加が要求
される。これらの添加は、化学分析によって監視して、
一定の値が要求される雰囲気の組成を不安定にさせる。To prevent air contamination of the metal processing atmosphere of conventional furnaces, the addition of 2-20% hydrocarbon peroxide systems is required. These additions are monitored by chemical analysis and
It destabilizes the composition of the atmosphere, which requires a constant value.
本発明（Ｊおい（は、この様な添加がたとえ要求された
としでも代表曲に１％を満たず、雰囲気は相当安定であ
り、雰囲気の組成を監視リ−る必要性が什ｊ当減少し、
幾つかの場合において全く省かれる。According to the present invention, even if such addition is required, it will be less than 1% of the representative music, the atmosphere will be fairly stable, and the need to monitor the composition of the atmosphere will be considerably reduced. death,
In some cases it is omitted altogether.
本発明の他の（（」点は、液体のＪ、う’ｃｌ １Ｉｕ
ｊ張体の高伝熱係数、１５よひ高熱伝導性からｉｔられ
る流動体の熱均−性である。こ４１と対照的に、従来の
炉は、１１１＼ツトスボッ１〜」の原因どなる過剰温度
に（１３いて操作される電気加熱要素あるいは燃ね燃焼
Ｃ″加熱れていた。このためしばしば作業片（、圭不均
−にＩＩ＋熱さねた。通常燃１）１燃焼ｄ）るい（よ、
不均一な加熱は、同じ作業片でかなり炭素含１ｉを変化
さ１！る原因となる。Other (() points of the present invention are liquid J, u'cl 1Iu
The thermal uniformity of the fluid is derived from the high heat transfer coefficient of the tensile body and the high thermal conductivity of 15. In contrast, conventional furnaces were heated by electrical heating elements or combustion C'' operated by an electric heating element (13) which caused the work pieces ( , Kei unequally heated II+.Normal combustion 1) 1 combustion d) Rui (yo,
Uneven heating will cause the carbon content to vary considerably in the same workpiece! This may cause
以下、この発明の詳細な説明づ−る。The present invention will be explained in detail below.
図に承りように、この弁明の好ｉＬｔ、い実施例−（・
ある金属処１ｔｌｊ装置（よ流動床炉１０を有して構成
されている。この炉１０には、発熱体１４を有するレト
ルト１２が設けられている。絶縁層すなわちグロック１
６は、し１ヘルド１２の底に沿うようにかつ元気室２０
をレトルト１２から熱的に絶縁づるように分散板１８の
上部に設けられている。従って、微粒の体物質の膨張体
はレトル１へ１２の前記グロック１６の上部に位置する
ことになる。レトル１〜１２は、絶縁蓋２２によって外
気から連断されるように構成され、またこのＭ２２はし
トル１〜１２に作業片１３を出入したりあるいはその他
の作業が行なえるように、機構２３によって容易に開閉
できるようになっている。前記蓋にはパイロットバーナ
ー装置２５を具備する通気口が設（プられ、前記し］〜
ルトからｆ）１出された流動化ガスを焼ム［１（るよう
になっている。上記の変形例として、前記蕎２２から通
常の→ノイクロン（図示略）に継かる排気通路を設け、
使用済流動化ガスから固形物Ｊ−なわら連（ｊされた床
媒体を分離し、外気中へ、または回収装ｒ（図示略）へ
排出するようにしてもよい。As you can see in the figure, a good example of this defense is
A certain metal processing apparatus is constructed with a fluidized bed furnace 10. This furnace 10 is provided with a retort 12 having a heating element 14.
6 is along the bottom of the heald 12 and the energy chamber 20
The dispersion plate 18 is provided above the dispersion plate 18 so as to be thermally insulated from the retort 12. Therefore, the expanded body of fine particles will be located above the Glock 16 of the rettle 1 to 12. The M22 pits 1 to 12 are configured to be connected to the outside air by an insulating lid 22, and a mechanism 23 is provided so that the work pieces 13 can be taken in and out of the M22 pits 1 to 12 or other operations can be performed. allows for easy opening and closing. The lid is provided with a vent provided with a pilot burner device 25 (as described above).
As a modification of the above, an exhaust passage is provided which connects the soba 22 to a normal Neuclone (not shown).
The solid bed media may be separated from the spent fluidizing gas and discharged to the outside atmosphere or to a recovery device (not shown).
前記充気イ’２０には特別仕様として通常の冷Ｊ、［Ｉ
コイルあるいは市川装置等からなる冷ム１１手段２１を
設けてもＪ、い。The above-mentioned charging I '20 is equipped with regular cold J, [I] as a special specification.
It is also possible to provide a cold comb 11 means 21 consisting of a coil or an Ichikawa device.
加熱気化装置２６は元気室２０に臂３１．２８を介して
流体的に連結されている。この気化’ＡＷ２６は、例え
ば絶縁されたアルミニラｌ＼）１−］ツク３２のような
絶縁体に組み込まれた複数の電気発熱体３０を有してい
る。気化コイル２９は、前記ブ１〕ツク３２中に配置さ
れると共に管３３３を介して液体ＡＰが供給されるよう
にな−）−Ｕいる。、また前記管３３には、前記気化コ
イル２９へ供給される液体へ１つの）ｈ量の測定および
制御を？ｊなうＩこめに、メータＪ３よひ弁（図示せず
）か各々設（ｊられている。前記気化コイル２９す゛な
わ１５熱交換二１．イルは如何なる形状でもよいが、好
Ｊ、じくはそこを通過する液体ＡＰに発熱体３０から熱
伝達が最も効果的に行なわれ、かつ希望づ−る流準にお
いて液体ＡＰの気化が行なわれるよう４ｙ充分な空間を
有するものがよい。The heating vaporizer 26 is fluidly connected to the energy chamber 20 via the arms 31.28. The vaporized 'AW 26 includes a plurality of electrical heating elements 30 incorporated in an insulator, such as an insulated aluminum plate 32. The vaporizing coil 29 is arranged in the block 32 and is supplied with liquid AP via a tube 333. , and the tube 33 is connected to the measurement and control of the amount of h) to the liquid supplied to the vaporization coil 29. In addition, a meter J3 and a valve (not shown) are installed in each case.The vaporizing coil 29 and the heat exchanger 21. It is preferable to have a sufficient space so that the heat transfer from the heating element 30 to the liquid AP passing therethrough is carried out most effectively, and the liquid AP is vaporized in the desired manner.
動作時には、測定された量の液体ＡＰ（例えばメタノー
ル）が図示せぬ弁によって調節されながら管３３を通っ
て気化装置２６の気化コイル２９に流れ込む。ここで、
前記ＡＰの相は、化学的変化を受けることなく液体から
気体へと変化する。In operation, a measured amount of liquid AP (e.g. methanol) flows through the tube 33 into the vaporizing coil 29 of the vaporizing device 26, regulated by a valve not shown. here,
The phase of the AP changes from liquid to gas without undergoing chemical changes.
そして、このようにして得られた蒸気は、管３１を通し
て管２８に導入され、ここで、管２７を介して図示せぬ
制御パネルから供給される補助ガスと混合された後、管
２８を介して前記充気室に導入される。The steam thus obtained is introduced into the pipe 28 through the pipe 31, where it is mixed with auxiliary gas supplied from a control panel (not shown) through the pipe 27, and then passed through the pipe 28. and introduced into the air chamber.
上記ＡＰガス（またはＡＰガスと補助ガスどの混合ガス
）は、分散板１８の通気孔を上方に向って通過し、次い
でグロック１６を通過してレトルト１２に送り込まれる
。そして、上記ＡＰガスはしトルト１２内の高い温度に
よって即座に分解され、作業片１３に作用するような所
望の金属処理雰囲気となる。例えばメタノールは、６０
０度前後よりも高い温度において次のような反応を起す
。The AP gas (or a mixed gas such as AP gas and auxiliary gas) passes upward through the ventilation hole of the distribution plate 18 , then passes through the Glock 16 and is fed into the retort 12 . The AP gas is then immediately decomposed by the high temperature within the tort 12, resulting in the desired metal processing atmosphere acting on the work piece 13. For example, methanol is 60
The following reaction occurs at temperatures higher than around 0 degrees.
ＣＨ３０Ｈ→ ２ ト１２ ＋ ｃ。CH30H → 2 To 12 + c.
そして、上記メタノールが全流動化ガス雰囲気の４０％
に相当する窒素カスと混合されて、いるとすれば、この
結果として得られる炉内雰囲気の組成は、市場で得られ
る吸熱カスの通常の組成であるＮ２ ４０％
Ｎ２ ４０％
Ｃｏ １８〜２０％
と、似たものとなる。The above methanol accounts for 40% of the total fluidizing gas atmosphere.
If mixed with nitrogen gas corresponding to It becomes something similar.
この分野における通常の知識を有４−る者には、この発
明によれば空気による汚染の低減に極めて有効であるこ
と、また、各種の金属処理に対して各種の改善された雰
囲気を１ｑることがてきることが明らかであろう。また
、流動床の性質から膨張体の下面以外からはガス（例え
ば空気）は入らないから、この発明においてはもし望む
ならばＭ２２は必ずしも必要ではないことは明らかであ
る。It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention is extremely effective in reducing airborne contamination, and that it can be used to create various improved atmospheres for various metal processes. It is clear that something will happen. Furthermore, it is clear that M22 is not necessarily necessary in this invention, if desired, since gas (for example, air) does not enter from any other side than the bottom surface of the expanding body due to the nature of the fluidized bed.
また、窒素ガスは、流動化用ガスの組成として加えるこ
とが可能である一方従来の雰囲気発生装置のように空気
の燃焼から生じることがないから、伯のＡＰガスあるい
は金属学的に受（プ入れられるガス（例えばアルゴン、
）を用いることによって完全に除くことができる。In addition, while nitrogen gas can be added as a composition of the fluidizing gas, it is not generated from combustion of air as in conventional atmosphere generators, so nitrogen gas can be used as an AP gas or metallurgically acceptable gas. gas (e.g. argon,
) can be completely removed.
さらに、非炭化水素であって活性な補助ガスを加えるこ
とによって雰囲気組成を変えることも可能である。例え
ば流動化ガスにアンモニア（ＮＨ３）を加えれば侵炭侵
窒雰囲気を得ることができる。この場合の典型的組成は
、窒素３５％、メタノール蒸気５５％、アンモニア１０
％となる。Furthermore, it is also possible to change the atmospheric composition by adding non-hydrocarbon active auxiliary gases. For example, by adding ammonia (NH3) to the fluidizing gas, a carburizing and nitriding atmosphere can be obtained. A typical composition in this case is 35% nitrogen, 55% methanol vapor, 10% ammonia
%.
以上の説明から明らかなように、この発明によれば前記
のように列挙した特別の利点を有する装置を実坦するこ
とかできる。また上記装置は、その形状、寸法、■１部
の構造および各部の配置等をこの発明の原理から逸脱し
ない範囲でまた前記の利点を犠牲にすることなく種々変
更することが可能である。As is clear from the above description, according to the invention it is possible to implement a device having the special advantages listed above. Further, the above device can be modified in various ways in its shape, dimensions, structure of one part, arrangement of each part, etc. without departing from the principles of the present invention and without sacrificing the above-mentioned advantages.
また、法規に従うため、この発明はその構成に関して特
定的に記述されているが、この発明はこの特定の範囲に
限定されるものではない。Further, in order to comply with regulations, this invention has been specifically described with respect to its construction, but the invention is not limited to this specific scope.
図はこの発明の一実施例を適用した金属処理炉の一部裁
断側面図である。
１０・・・・・・流動床炉、１２・・・・・・レトルト
（加熱容器）、１３・・・・・・金属作業片、１４・・
・・・・発熱体、１６・・・・・・グロック、１８・・
・・・・分散板、２０・・・・・・充気室、２２・・・
・・・蓋、２６・・・・・・加熱気化装置、２７゜２８
．３１・・・・・・管、２９・・・・・・気化コイル、
３０・・・・・・発熱体。
出願人 プロセダイン コーポレーション代理人 弁理
士 志賀正武
手続補正書（方式）
５９．４．−９
昭和 年 月 日
特許庁長官殿
１、 事件の表示
昭和 ５８年特許願第２４０７９８号
２、発明の名称
金属処理用の化学的に制御された雰囲気を作成する方法
および装置
３、補正をする者
特許出願人
プロセダイン コーポレーション
４、代理人
６、補正の対象
３６５−The figure is a partially cutaway side view of a metal processing furnace to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. 10...Fluidized bed furnace, 12...Retort (heating container), 13...Metal work piece, 14...
... Heating element, 16 ... Glock, 18 ...
... Dispersion plate, 20 ... Air chamber, 22 ...
... Lid, 26 ... Heating vaporizer, 27゜28
．． 31...tube, 29...vaporizing coil,
30... Heating element. Applicant Procedine Corporation Agent Patent Attorney Masatake Shiga Procedural Amendment (formality) 59.4. -9 Mr. Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office, Date of Month, Showa, 1, Indication of the Case, Patent Application No. 240798 of 1982, 2, Title of the Invention, Method and Apparatus for Creating a Chemically Controlled Atmosphere for Metal Processing, 3, Amendment. Patent applicant Prosedyne Corporation 4, Agent 6, Subject of amendment 365-
Claims (1)
するための流動床装置において、微粒末媒体を内部に有
すると共に充気部が流体的に連結されている加熱された
流動床と、上記の加熱された流動床に少なくとも１種の
気化された雰囲気前駆物質を導入して該前駆物質を特定
の化学物質に熱的に分解し、これによって化学的に制御
された雰囲気を作成する手段とを有してなる流動床装置
。 ２、前記充気部の温度を前記雰囲気前駆物質の気化温度
Ｊ：りも高くかつ該前駆物質の熱的分解温度よりも低く
維持り−る手段を更に設けでなる特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の流動床装置。 ３、市記雰囲気前駆物質が前記充気部において気化され
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の流動床
装置。 ４、前記雰囲気前駆物質を前記元気部に導入される前に
気化する気化手段を更に有してなる特ＩＸ′［請求の範
囲第２項記載の流動床装置。 ５、前記気化手段は、複数の発熱体ど熱交換用の管とを
具備しかつ絶縁されたタンクをイ４ Ｌ ’−Ｃなり、
前記熱交換用の管は、液状雰囲気前駆物質を人力するだ
めの導入口ど気化された雰囲気前駆物質を送出するため
の排出口と前記発熱体の出力を調整づ−るための手段と
を興廃してなることを’４：ｉ徴とりる特許請求の範囲
第４項記載の流ＦＪＪ詠装置。 ６、前記の化学的に制ｉ３［１された雰囲気の組成を変
化させるために、前記雰囲気前駆物質に少４ｆくとも１
種の他の補助ガスを混合さゼる手段をイｊしてなる特許
請求の範囲第１項ないし第５項記載の流動床装置。 ７、前記補助ガスが前記充気部に導入され、該充気部に
おいて前記前駆物質と渦流によつ−Ｃ混合されることを
特徴とする特８′［請求の範１／１１第６瑣５［（載の
流動床装置。 ８．前記補助ガスが前記の加熱された流動床に導入され
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第６項記載の流動床
装置。 ９、前記充気部の温度を維持する手段が、前記充気部と
前記流動床との間に設けられた熱的絶縁手段であること
を特徴とする特許請求の範囲第２項記載の流動床装置。 １０、前記熱的絶縁手段が前記流動床の底部に治って配
置されたグロッグ層であることを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第９項記載の流動床装置。 １１゜前記充気部の温
度を維持する装置が冷ム１１手段であることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第１０項記載の流動床装置。 １２、前記冷却手段が冷却装置であることを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第１１項記載の流動床装置、１３、前記
気化手段が華氏３５００ないし６５０度の間で動作する
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第４項記載の流動床装
置。 １４、前記グロッグ層が酸化アルミニウムの粗粒０項記
載の流動床装置。 １５、前記酸化アルミニラの粗粒体が略１０メツシユで
あり、また前記グロッグ層の厚さが３／′４ないし２イ
ンチであることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１４項記
載の流動床装置。 １６、前記補助ガスを前記の気化、された雰囲気前駆物
質と混合する手段が、充気部の外側に位置する多岐管構
成体からなることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第６項記
載の流動床装置。 １７、前記雰囲気前駆物質がメタノールであることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第１３項記載の流動床装置。 １８、前記雰囲気前駆物質がメタノールであることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第１５項記載の流動床装置。 １９、前記雰囲気前駆物質が酢酸エチルであることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第１３項および第１４項記載の
流動床装置。 ２０、前記の気化された雰囲気前駆物質が、前記レトル
トに流入した際に粒状床媒体を流動化させることを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第２項ないし第４項記載の流動床
装置。 ２１、前記雰囲気前駆物質がメタノール、前記補助ガス
が窒素から各々なりかつ、前記の化学的に制御された雰
囲気が分解されたメタノールを６０％含むことを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第６項記載の流動床装置。 ２２、前記雰囲気前駆物質がメタノール、前記補助ガス
が窒素から各々なり、かつ前記の化学的に制御された雰
囲気が分解されたメタノールを６０％含むことを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第７項記記の流動床装置。 ２３、前記の化学的に制御された雰囲気に炭化水素ガス
を加える手段を更に設けてなる特許請求の範囲第６項記
載の流動床装置。 ２４、前記補助ガスがアンモニアであることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第６項記載の流動床装置。 ２５、流動床中において金属作業片を処理するための化
学的に制御された雰囲気を作成する方法において、 少なくとも１種の雰囲気前駆物質の温度を気化温度と分
解温度との間に維持し、かつこの気化された雰囲気前駆
物質を流動床に導入し、これによって当該雰囲気前駆物
質を所望の雰囲気の少なくとも一部をなす所定の化学物
質に分解り°ることを特徴とする化学的に制御された雰
囲気を作成する方法。 ２６、前記雰囲気前駆物質の温度を前記気化温度と分解
温度との間に維持する前に気化させることを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第２５項記載の化学的に制御された雰囲
気を作成づる方法。 ２７、前記雰囲気前駆物質がメタノールであることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第２５項記載の化学的に制御さ
れた雰囲気を作成する方法。 ２８、前記の化学的に制御された雰囲気に補助ガスを混
合させる工程を更に設けてなる特許請求の範囲第２６項
および第２７項記載の化学的に制御された雰囲気を作成
する方法。 ２９、流動床中において金属作業片を処理するための化
学的に制御された雰囲気を作成する方法にＪ５いて、 微粒体媒体を内部に有り−ると共に充気部が流体的に連
結されている加熱された流動床と、上記の加熱された流
動床に少なくとも一種の気化された雰囲気前駆物質を導
入して該前駆物質を特定の化学物質に熱的に分解し、こ
れによって化学的に制御された雰囲気を作成する手段と
を有してなる流動床装置を設（プ、 前記雰囲気前駆物質を前記充気部において気化させるこ
とを特徴とする化学的に制御された雰囲気を作成する方
法。 ３０、前記の化学的に制御された雰囲気に補助ガスを混
合させる工程を更に設ｃ）でなる特許請求の範囲第２９
項記載の化学的に制御された雰囲気を作成づる方法。 ３１、微粒体媒体を内部に有すると共に充気部が流体的
に連結されている加熱されている流動床と、上記の加熱
された流動床に少なくとも一種の気１ヒされた雰囲気前
駆物質を導入して該前駆物質を特定の化学物質に熱的に
分解しこれによって化学的に制御された雰囲気を作成す
る手段と、前記の化学的に制御された雰囲気に少Ｉよく
とも一種の他の補助ガスを混合させる手段と、前記の化
学的に制御された雰囲気に更に炭化水素カスを加える手
段とを各々設け、 前記雰囲気前駆物質どして酢酸エチルを用いることを特
徴とする化学的に制御された雰囲気を伯成する方法。 ３２、前記補助ガスが前記雰囲気を希釈づるための不活
性カスであることを特徴とする請求の範囲第３１項記載
の化学的に制御された雰囲気を作成する方法。 ３３、曲屈不活性カスが窒素でありかつ前記雰囲気の略
４０％を占めることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第３２
項記載の化学的に制御された雰囲気を作成する方法。 ３４、前記不活性ガスかアルゴンでありかつｎｌ−記雰
囲気の略４０％を占めることを特徴とする特ｉ′Ｆ請求
の範囲第３２項記載の化学的に制御され１．：雰囲気を
作成する方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A fluidized bed apparatus for heat treating metal workpieces in a chemically controlled atmosphere, which has a particulate powder medium inside and is fluidly connected to a filling part. and introducing at least one vaporized atmospheric precursor into the heated fluidized bed to thermally decompose the precursor into specific chemicals, thereby chemically controlling the a fluidized bed apparatus comprising: means for creating a controlled atmosphere; 2. Claim 1 further comprising means for maintaining the temperature of the gas-filled portion higher than the vaporization temperature J of the atmospheric precursor and lower than the thermal decomposition temperature of the precursor. Fluidized bed apparatus as described. 3. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ambient atmosphere precursor is vaporized in the pneumatic part. 4. Feature IX' [The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 2] further comprising a vaporizing means for vaporizing the atmosphere precursor before it is introduced into the energetic region. 5. The vaporization means is an insulated tank equipped with a plurality of heating elements and heat exchange pipes,
The heat exchange tube has an inlet for manually introducing the liquid atmosphere precursor, an outlet for sending out the vaporized atmosphere precursor, and a means for adjusting the output of the heating element. 4. The flow FJJ chanting device according to claim 4, which takes the form of '4:i'. 6. To change the composition of the chemically controlled atmosphere, add at least 4f to the atmosphere precursor.
6. A fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for mixing the seed and other auxiliary gases. 7. The auxiliary gas is introduced into the filling part, and in the filling part, -C is mixed with the precursor by a vortex flow [Claim 1/11 6th item] 5. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary gas is introduced into the heated fluidized bed. 9. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary gas is introduced into the heated fluidized bed. 10. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the means for maintaining the temperature of the fluidized bed is a thermal insulation means provided between the charged part and the fluidized bed. 10. A fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the thermal insulation means is a layer of grog disposed at the bottom of the fluidized bed. 11. Apparatus for maintaining the temperature of the plenum. 12. A fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that said cooling means is a cooling device. 12. A fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that said cooling means is a cooling device. 13. The fluidized bed apparatus of claim 4, wherein said vaporizing means operates between 3500 and 650 degrees Fahrenheit. 14. The grog layer is a coarse grain of aluminum oxide. 15. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the coarse particles of alumina oxide have a size of about 10 mesh, and the grog layer has a thickness of 3/4 to 2 inches. 16. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the means for mixing the auxiliary gas with the vaporized atmospheric precursor comprises a manifold arrangement located outside the plenum. 17. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the atmosphere precursor is methanol. 18. The fluid bed apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the atmosphere precursor is methanol. 19. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the atmosphere precursor is ethyl acetate. 20. 21. A fluidized bed apparatus according to claims 2 to 4, characterized in that said vaporized atmospheric precursor fluidizes a granular bed medium when flowing into said retort. 7. The fluidized bed of claim 6, wherein the atmosphere precursor is methanol, the auxiliary gas is nitrogen, and the chemically controlled atmosphere contains 60% decomposed methanol. Apparatus. 22. Claim 7, characterized in that said atmosphere precursor consists of methanol, said auxiliary gas consists of nitrogen, and said chemically controlled atmosphere comprises 60% decomposed methanol. Fluidized bed equipment as described in section. 23. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising means for adding hydrocarbon gas to said chemically controlled atmosphere. 24. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary gas is ammonia. 25. A method of creating a chemically controlled atmosphere for processing metal workpieces in a fluidized bed, comprising: maintaining the temperature of at least one atmospheric precursor between a vaporization temperature and a decomposition temperature; A chemically controlled method characterized in that the vaporized atmosphere precursor is introduced into a fluidized bed, thereby decomposing the atmosphere precursor into predetermined chemicals that form at least a portion of the desired atmosphere. How to create an atmosphere. 26. A method for creating a chemically controlled atmosphere according to claim 25, characterized in that the temperature of the atmosphere precursor is maintained between the vaporization temperature and the decomposition temperature before being vaporized. . 27. A method of creating a chemically controlled atmosphere according to claim 25, wherein the atmosphere precursor is methanol. 28. A method for creating a chemically controlled atmosphere according to claims 26 and 27, further comprising the step of mixing an auxiliary gas into the chemically controlled atmosphere. 29. J5 A method for creating a chemically controlled atmosphere for processing metal workpieces in a fluidized bed, containing a particulate medium therein and fluidically connected to the plenum. a heated fluidized bed and at least one vaporized atmospheric precursor introduced into the heated fluidized bed to thermally decompose the precursor into specific chemicals, thereby chemically controlled 30. A method for creating a chemically controlled atmosphere, comprising: providing a fluidized bed apparatus comprising means for creating a controlled atmosphere; and vaporizing the atmosphere precursor in the plenum. Claim 29 further comprises the step of mixing an auxiliary gas into said chemically controlled atmosphere.
Methods for creating a chemically controlled atmosphere as described in Section 1. 31. Introducing a heated fluidized bed having a particulate medium therein and fluidly connected to the plenum, and at least one aerated atmosphere precursor to the heated fluidized bed. means for thermally decomposing said precursor into specific chemicals thereby creating a chemically controlled atmosphere; means for mixing the gases and means for adding further hydrocarbon scum to said chemically controlled atmosphere, said chemically controlled atmosphere characterized in that said atmosphere precursor is ethyl acetate; How to create a good atmosphere. 32. A method for creating a chemically controlled atmosphere according to claim 31, wherein the auxiliary gas is an inert scum for diluting the atmosphere. 33. Claim 32, wherein the bending inert residue is nitrogen and occupies approximately 40% of the atmosphere.
Methods of creating a chemically controlled atmosphere as described in Section 1. 34. The chemically controlled gas according to claim 32, characterized in that the inert gas is argon and occupies approximately 40% of the nl- atmosphere. : How to create an atmosphere.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/450,921 US4512821A (en) | 1982-12-20 | 1982-12-20 | Method for metal treatment using a fluidized bed |
| US450921 | 1982-12-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59193267A true JPS59193267A (en) | 1984-11-01 |
Family
ID=23790064
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58240798A Pending JPS59193267A (en) | 1982-12-20 | 1983-12-20 | Production and apparatus for setting chemically controlled atomosphere for metal treatment |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4512821A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS59193267A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1208107A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3345946A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2538092B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2132230B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0552524U (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1993-07-13 | 中外炉工業株式会社 | Batch type fluidized bed furnace treatment material charging / extracting device |
Families Citing this family (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60197863A (en) * | 1984-03-22 | 1985-10-07 | Komatsu Ltd | Apparatus including fluidized bed carburizing furnace |
| DE3507527A1 (en) * | 1984-11-20 | 1986-05-22 | Ewald 4133 Neukirchen-Vluyn Schwing | Process and equipment for carburising a steel workpiece |
| US4604055A (en) * | 1985-06-03 | 1986-08-05 | Can-Eng Holdings, Ltd. | Lip-hung retort furnace |
| DE3683039D1 (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1992-01-30 | Ibm Deutschland | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SILICON AND OXYGEN LAYERS. |
| DE3622668C1 (en) * | 1986-07-05 | 1988-02-11 | Ewald Schwing | Fluidised bed kiln for the heat treatment of metallic objects |
| DE3718240C1 (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1988-01-14 | Ewald Schwing | Process for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces in a gas-flowed fluidized bed |
| US5354038A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1994-10-11 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Heat treatment of metal castings and in-furnace sand reclamation |
| US5039357A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1991-08-13 | Dynamic Metal Treating, Inc. | Method for nitriding and nitrocarburizing rifle barrels in a fluidized bed furnace |
| US5194228A (en) * | 1990-10-12 | 1993-03-16 | General Signal Corporation | Fluidized bed apparatus for chemically treating workpieces |
| DE4314231A1 (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-11-03 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for roasting refractory gold ores |
| US5829509A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1998-11-03 | Consolidated Engineering Co, Inc. | Integrated system and process for heat treating castings and reclaiming sand |
| US6453982B1 (en) | 1996-12-20 | 2002-09-24 | General Kinematics Corporation | Sand cleaning apparatus |
| US5924473A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1999-07-20 | General Kinematics Corporation | Vibratory sand reclamation system |
| US5901775A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1999-05-11 | General Kinematics Corporation | Two-stage heat treating decoring and sand reclamation system |
| US5738162A (en) * | 1997-02-20 | 1998-04-14 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Terraced fluidized bed |
| US6217317B1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 2001-04-17 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Combination conduction/convection furnace |
| US6336809B1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 2002-01-08 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Combination conduction/convection furnace |
| US6910522B2 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2005-06-28 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for heat treatment and sand removal for castings |
| US6672367B2 (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2004-01-06 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for heat treatment and sand removal for castings |
| US7275582B2 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2007-10-02 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for heat treatment and sand removal for castings |
| US6622775B2 (en) | 2000-05-10 | 2003-09-23 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for assisting removal of sand moldings from castings |
| US6991767B1 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2006-01-31 | Procedyne Corp. | Fluidized bed gas distributor system for elevated temperature operation |
| US7338629B2 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2008-03-04 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Integrated metal processing facility |
| CN1526027A (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2004-09-01 | ̹�� | Integrated metal processing facility |
| US6506048B1 (en) | 2001-11-01 | 2003-01-14 | Procedyne Corp. | Apparatus and method for transferring heat treated parts |
| MXPA05000375A (en) | 2002-07-11 | 2006-03-08 | Cons Eng Co Inc | Method and apparatus for assisting removal of sand moldings from castings. |
| US6901990B2 (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2005-06-07 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Method and system for processing castings |
| JP4903696B2 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2012-03-28 | コンソリデイテッド エンジニアリング カンパニー， インコーポレイテッド | Method and apparatus for removing burrs and obstructions from castings |
| US20060054294A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-16 | Crafton Scott P | Short cycle casting processing |
| US20060103059A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-18 | Crafton Scott P | High pressure heat treatment system |
| JP4861652B2 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2012-01-25 | タピオカ コマーシオ エ サービコス ソシエダーデ ウニペッソアル エルディーエー | Heat oil making apparatus and heat oil making method |
| AU2010236044B2 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2012-09-27 | Hard Technologies Pty Ltd | Duplex Surface Treatment of Metal Objects |
| US8317926B2 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2012-11-27 | Hard Technologies Pty Ltd. | Duplex surface treatment of metal objects |
| MX2008015525A (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2009-01-07 | Cons Eng Co Inc | Methods and system for manufacturing castings utilizing an automated flexible manufacturing system. |
| US20080236779A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-02 | Crafton Scott P | Vertical heat treatment system |
| US20140312030A1 (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2014-10-23 | Paul D. Steneck | Microwave heat treatment apparatus and method |
| CA2979612C (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2020-01-07 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | System and method for heat treating aluminum alloy castings |
| US10415891B2 (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2019-09-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Heat exchanger and heat storage system |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5953676A (en) * | 1982-08-18 | 1984-03-28 | Toray Eng Co Ltd | Heat treatment of metal |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB732101A (en) * | 1950-01-06 | 1955-06-22 | British Aluminium Co Ltd | Improvements in methods of and means for the heat treatment of solid bodies |
| US3666253A (en) * | 1969-12-26 | 1972-05-30 | Yuri Yoshio | Fluidized bed furnace |
| GB1438550A (en) * | 1973-08-09 | 1976-06-09 | Fluidfire Dev | Heat treatment furnace |
| GB1471880A (en) * | 1973-10-26 | 1977-04-27 | Air Prod & Chem | Furnace atmosphere for the heat treatment of ferrous metal |
| GB1478984A (en) * | 1974-11-27 | 1977-07-06 | Lucas Ltd Joseph | Gas carburusing |
| GB1537486A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1978-12-29 | Apollo Heat Ltd | Fluidised beds |
| PL192437A1 (en) * | 1976-09-16 | 1978-03-28 | Inst Mech Precyz | METHOD OF HEAT AND CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF METAL |
| GB1591302A (en) * | 1976-09-16 | 1981-06-17 | Harding B | Fluidised bed |
| GB1598825A (en) * | 1977-03-11 | 1981-09-23 | Boc Ltd | Gaseous mixture for use in heat treatment of metals |
| US4220445A (en) * | 1978-11-06 | 1980-09-02 | Fennell Corporation | Fluid bed furnace and cover assembly for use thereon |
| US4239480A (en) * | 1978-11-06 | 1980-12-16 | Fennell Corporation | Fluid bed furnace and pilot light assembly |
| FR2450878A1 (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-10-03 | Air Liquide | INSTALLATION GENERATING AN ATMOSPHERE FOR HEAT TREATING METALS |
| CH643597A5 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1984-06-15 | Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag | METHOD FOR ADJUSTABLE CARBONING OR HEATING IN PROTECTIVE GAS FROM WORKPIECE STEEL. |
| US4317687A (en) * | 1980-05-12 | 1982-03-02 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Carburizing process utilizing atmospheres generated from nitrogen-ethanol based mixtures |
| US4839587A (en) * | 1988-03-29 | 1989-06-13 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Test fixture for tab circuits and devices |
-
1982
- 1982-12-20 US US06/450,921 patent/US4512821A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1983
- 1983-07-05 US US06/510,657 patent/US4524957A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-12-20 DE DE19833345946 patent/DE3345946A1/en active Granted
- 1983-12-20 GB GB08333890A patent/GB2132230B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-20 JP JP58240798A patent/JPS59193267A/en active Pending
- 1983-12-20 CA CA000443715A patent/CA1208107A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-20 FR FR838320409A patent/FR2538092B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5953676A (en) * | 1982-08-18 | 1984-03-28 | Toray Eng Co Ltd | Heat treatment of metal |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0552524U (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1993-07-13 | 中外炉工業株式会社 | Batch type fluidized bed furnace treatment material charging / extracting device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1208107A (en) | 1986-07-22 |
| US4512821A (en) | 1985-04-23 |
| GB2132230B (en) | 1986-10-15 |
| DE3345946C2 (en) | 1989-04-20 |
| GB8333890D0 (en) | 1984-02-01 |
| FR2538092A1 (en) | 1984-06-22 |
| GB2132230A (en) | 1984-07-04 |
| DE3345946A1 (en) | 1984-06-20 |
| FR2538092B1 (en) | 1990-02-02 |
| US4524957A (en) | 1985-06-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JPS59193267A (en) | Production and apparatus for setting chemically controlled atomosphere for metal treatment | |
| Grabke | Thermodynamics, mechanisms and kinetics of metal dusting | |
| US4108693A (en) | Method for the heat-treatment of steel and for the control of said treatment | |
| Grabke | Carburization, carbide formation, metal dusting, coking | |
| US4236941A (en) | Method of producing heat treatment atmosphere | |
| US3655172A (en) | Saturated fluid mixtures generator | |
| US4008163A (en) | Method of preparing a saturated fluid mixture | |
| US4398971A (en) | Method of heating, holding or heat treatment of metal material | |
| EP0024106B1 (en) | Method of heat treating ferrous workpieces | |
| JP3407126B2 (en) | Atmosphere control method of heat treatment furnace | |
| US2706110A (en) | Metallurgical heating furnace | |
| JPS58123821A (en) | Heat treatment | |
| US6159306A (en) | Carburizing device and method of using the same | |
| Gilyazetdinov et al. | Improving the dry quenching of coke | |
| EP0063655B1 (en) | Process for carburizing ferrous metals | |
| JPH0512277Y2 (en) | ||
| US1817407A (en) | Process for case carburizing and heat treating metals | |
| CA1174461A (en) | Method for removing carbonaceous deposits from heat treating furnaces | |
| Grabke | Mechanisms and prevention of corrosion in carbonaceous gases | |
| JPS61153271A (en) | Promoted carburization by indivisual atomosphere | |
| CN113981186B (en) | Atmosphere protection heat treatment process for preventing decarburization and carburetion | |
| US1988929A (en) | Metallurgical furnace gas and method of controlling composition | |
| JP4179717B2 (en) | Combustion method of hydrocarbon fuel by burner | |
| Laws et al. | Failure analysis of FeCrAl heating coils exposed to a high-temperature, high-pressure ammonia environment | |
| Slycke et al. | Assessment of nitrogen based atmospheres for industrial heat treating |