JPS59145009A - Filter apparatus and filtering concentration method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To wash and regenerate a filter bed in an isolated state, by using the liquid pervious filter bed having flexible fibers suspended from the entire surface thereof and a perforated plate positioned under said filter bed and raised and lowered by a float in a pressure contact state. CONSTITUTION:When raw water is sent to the space under a filter bed as an upward stream, flexible fibers 2 are compressed by a liquid pervious perforated plate 20 integrated with a float raised by buoyancy to form the filter bed and the suspended substance in raw water is filtered and collected at the under surface of this fiber filter bed. In peeling off a cake, washing and regenerating the filter fibers, the supply of the raw water is stopped and the valve 15 of the concentrate discharge pipe 16 provided in the space under the filter bed is opened while air is directly introduced into the space under the filter bed in a filter tank from an air introducing pipe 22 as a side passage without passing the same through the filter bed to lower the water level in said space and the filter fiber is washed by the filtrate remaining in the space above the filter bed in a downward stream in such a state that the perforated plate 20 is spaced apart from the fiber layer 2.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は水中の汚泥または懸濁固形物を一過濃縮する装
置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for overconcentrating sludge or suspended solids in water.

上・下水道または工場、養殖場、建設現場、土砂採取現
場等からの排水の処理プロセスにおいて、中間的に発生
する懸濁物をｒ過分離する操作は必須であるが、この懸
濁物の濃度が余り高くない場合には、これを最初から一
挙にｒ過脱水機にかけると機械の運転効率が悪いので、
これの効率を上げるために、この脱水工程の前に一般に
＠濁物の予備濃縮工程を設け、一旦中間濃縮したものを
脱水機にかけて分離、脱水することが経済的に有利とさ
れている。In the treatment process of water and sewage water or wastewater from factories, aquaculture farms, construction sites, soil extraction sites, etc., it is essential to over-separate suspended matter that is generated intermediately, but the concentration of this suspended matter is If the amount is not very high, if you run it all at once into the super-dehydrator from the beginning, the operating efficiency of the machine will be poor.
In order to increase the efficiency of this process, it is generally considered economically advantageous to provide a pre-concentration process for the turbid material before this dehydration process, and to separate and dehydrate the intermediately concentrated product by applying it to a dehydrator.

このため、仁れまで多様な濃縮用ｐ過機が提案されてい
るが、いまだに数多く提案が行なわれて沈降池方式があ
るが、広大な敷地を要するうえ、懸濁物の性状によって
唸沈降スラリーそのものも余り高い濃度が得られ難い欠
点があった。また並列縦型戸布を用いたサイフオン原理
による自然水頭圧差による濃縮方法も提案されているが
、汚泥の性状によっては目詰り著しく、沖過速度も低い
欠点があった。For this reason, a wide variety of p-filtration machines have been proposed for concentration, and many proposals have been made to date, including the sedimentation basin system, but it requires a vast area and depends on the nature of the suspended material. It also had the drawback that it was difficult to obtain a very high concentration. A concentration method using natural head pressure differences based on the siphon principle using parallel vertical doors has also been proposed, but this method has the drawbacks of severe clogging depending on the nature of the sludge and low off-shore overspeed.

その他、真空沖過形式のもの、長毛Ｅ布を用いた廻転体
影式のものも提案されているが、機械作動部分多く、保
守に手間がか＼す、かつエネルギー消費も多い欠点があ
った。Other proposals include a vacuum overflow type and a rotating body shadow type using long wool E cloth, but these have the drawbacks of having many mechanically moving parts, requiring time and effort to maintain, and consuming a lot of energy. .

本発明は広い敷地を要せず、簡単な装置で、経済的に懸
濁物を濃縮することを目的として考案された沖過装訝お
よび沖過方法である。The present invention is an offshore overloading method and an offshore overloading method devised for the purpose of economically concentrating suspended solids without requiring a large area and using a simple device.

その構成は、（１）容器の液体の出入口の中間において
、該容器の内壁に固定され、全面に可撓性繊維を垂下し
た通液性ｒ床と、（２）その下側に位置して前記一体の
略々全面を覆う大きさで、これと一体な浮子によって昇
降するｒ未圧着用通液性多孔板とを内蔵したことを特徴
とする沖過装置であり、このような構造を有する装置の
利点として、（３）濾過時には上向流にて浮力で圧着さ
れたｒ床下面にて浮遊物を捕捉し、（４）逆洗時にＦｉ
ｒ床下部空間の水位を、附随的に浮子の位置を下げるこ
とにより、これに一体なｒ未圧着用通液性多孔板を下け
、沖毛を自由垂下した状態で、ｒ電層上部空間に残る水
によって、下向流にて逆洗、濃縮スラリ（又はケーキ）
の脱離およびｒ毛の洗滌再生を行なう沖過方法の実施が
可能となるものである。Its structure consists of (1) a liquid-permeable floor fixed to the inner wall of the container between the liquid inlet and outlet of the container and having flexible fibers hanging over the entire surface; (2) a liquid-permeable floor located below the An off-shore passage device characterized by having a built-in liquid-permeable perforated plate for unpressurized wear, which is large enough to cover substantially the entire surface of the above-mentioned unit, and which is raised and lowered by an integrated float, and has such a structure. The advantages of the device are (3) during filtration, floating matter is captured on the bottom surface of the floor, which is pressed by buoyancy in the upward flow, and (4) during backwashing, the fi
By incidentally lowering the position of the float in the space below the r floor, the liquid-permeable perforated plate for uncrimped r is lowered, and with the offshore water hanging freely, Backwash in a downward flow by the water remaining in the water to form a concentrated slurry (or cake)
This makes it possible to carry out an oxidation method that removes hair and washes and regenerates r hair.

本発明装置の構造を第１図によって説明する。The structure of the device of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

同図に例示したものは、第３図（Ａ）および第５状又は
輪状に上端を固定して形成した戸主屑を使用した一例で
、このｒ毛屑は適当な方法で沖過槽７の内壁に固定して
いる。The example shown in the same figure is an example in which the head shavings formed in Fig. 3 (A) and the fifth shape or ring shape with the upper end fixed are used. It is fixed to the inner wall.

このｐ床の下部には、水位によって昇降可能な浮子６に
連結一体となったｐ手圧着用通液性多孔板２０があり、
沖過槽内に原水が供給されると浮力によって多孔板が戸
主屑を下から上に圧密し、強固かつ緊密な炉床を形成す
る構造となっている。At the bottom of this P bed, there is a liquid-permeable porous plate 20 for P hand pressure, which is integrally connected to a float 6 that can be raised and lowered depending on the water level.
When raw water is supplied to the tank, the perforated plate consolidates the household debris from bottom to top due to buoyancy, forming a strong and tight hearth.

沖過槽の上蓋には浮子弁１１を有する空気排出管１０お
よび水位検出器りと、これに連動して開開するパルプ８
を有するｒ過水排出管９を取りつけである。The upper lid of the offshore tank has an air discharge pipe 10 with a float valve 11 and a water level detector, and a pulp 8 that opens and opens in conjunction with these.
Attach an overwater discharge pipe 9 with a

との沖過槽７の下側部には原水供給管１３、最下部には
濃縮水（またはケーキ）排出管１６およびバルブ１５が
取りつけである。ノくルブ１２はノぐルブ１５と互いに
開閉か逆動作するようにしである。A raw water supply pipe 13 is attached to the lower part of the offshore filter tank 7, and a concentrated water (or cake) discharge pipe 16 and a valve 15 are attached to the lowest part. The knob 12 and the nozzle 15 are designed to open and close or operate in opposite directions.

この装置の作動順序を第２図（Ａ）　ｌ　（Ｂ）　、　
（Ｃ）供給し、バルブ１２を開、／＜ルブ１５を閉番こ
すると、濾過槽７内の水位は上昇し、浮子６およびこれ
に一体となっている戸主圧着用通液性多孔板２０は浮力
で戸主２を押し上げ、圧密し、強固なρ床を形成する。The operating sequence of this device is shown in Figure 2 (A) l (B),
(C) When the valve 12 is opened and the valve 15 is closed and rubbed, the water level in the filtration tank 7 rises, and the float 6 and the liquid-permeable porous plate 20 for pressing the door main unit integrated therewith uses its buoyancy to push up the head of household 2, compact it, and form a strong ρ floor.

水位が上昇する番こ従って濾過槽内の空気は浮子弁１１
を通り、空気排出管１０力１ら外部に放出される。〔第
２図（Ａ）〕 水位がさらに上昇すると、浮子弁１９力；閉じ、戸主層
表面、または一部は内部で濾過力（行なわれながら、濾
過水は空間ｓｌ内を上昇、さらに水位力≦浮子弁１１に
達すると浮力で球弁力；浮上、これを閉じ、バルブ８を
開くと水は濾過排出管９より濾過水貯槽１８に至る。一
旦沖過水排出管力（水で満されると、原水貯槽１４と濾
過水貯槽１８との水頭圧差によりサイフオンが形成され
、殆んど無動力で濾過操作が進行する。〔第２図（Ｂ）
〕本発明による浮子の浮力によって圧密化されたｒ床は
、キャンパスＰ布を用いた濾過のように嘱表面一層のみ
が関与するものでなく、戸主屑全般について縦深的に懸
濁物を捕捉するので、ｒ過速度が大で、かつ濾過速度の
、低下が比較的少ない長所がある。As the water level rises, the air in the filtration tank is removed by the float valve 11.
The air passes through the air exhaust pipe 10 and is discharged to the outside. [Figure 2 (A)] When the water level rises further, the float valve 19 force closes, and the filtration force (performs on the surface of the main layer or partially inside) causes the filtrated water to rise in the space sl, further increasing the water level force. ≦When it reaches the float valve 11, the buoyancy causes the ball valve force; it floats up, closes it, and opens the valve 8, and the water reaches the filtered water storage tank 18 through the filtration discharge pipe 9.Once the offshore water discharge pipe force (filled with water) Then, a siphon is formed due to the head pressure difference between the raw water storage tank 14 and the filtered water storage tank 18, and the filtration operation proceeds almost without power. [Figure 2 (B)
] The r-bed which is consolidated by the buoyancy of the float according to the present invention does not involve only one layer of the surface like filtration using Campus P cloth, but can capture suspended matter vertically and deeply from all household debris. Therefore, it has the advantage of a large r-filtration rate and a relatively small decrease in the filtration rate.

以上が本発明にか＼るｒ過装置の特徴であるｒ床形成の
機構の概要であるが、このような炉床を用いる場合、次
に記すようにｒ毛の逆洗・再生操作が極めて容易、かつ
効果的に実施し得る従属的な利点がある。The above is an overview of the r-bed formation mechanism that is a feature of the r-filtration device according to the present invention. However, when such a hearth is used, the backwashing and regeneration operations of r-hair are extremely difficult, as described below. There are subsidiary advantages that are easy and effective to implement.

即ち濾過が進み、ｒ毛屑で懸濁物がケーキを形成して通
液抵抗が増し、−過速度が落ちると、原水供給バルブ１
２および濾過液排出バルブ８を閉じ、底部のバルブ１５
を開くとＥ過槽内部は負圧となり、浮子弁１１は開き、
ここから濾過槽内空間Ｓ１上部に空気が導入される。〔
第２図（Ｃ）〕この空気は、さらに抵抗の少ない側路導
入管より浮子弁２２を通って短絡し、空間Ｓｚ内に入り
、濾過槽内の一床下部空間Ｓ２の水位を急速に下げる。In other words, as filtration progresses, the suspended solids form a cake with hair debris, increasing the liquid passage resistance, and - when the overspeed decreases, the raw water supply valve 1
2 and filtrate drain valve 8, close the bottom valve 15.
When opened, the inside of the E tank becomes negative pressure, and the float valve 11 opens.
Air is introduced into the upper part of the filtration tank interior space S1 from here. [
Fig. 2 (C)] This air passes through the float valve 22 from the side channel introduction pipe with less resistance, short-circuits, enters the space Sz, and rapidly lowers the water level in the space S2 below one floor in the filtration tank. .

それに伴って浮子６も下降するので、これに一体となっ
た戸主圧着用通液性多孔板２０も下がるので、を床を形
成する繊維束が解放され、空気中に自由垂下した状態に
なる。一方Ｓ１空間下部の濾過水け、炉床が緊密状態で
は通液抵抗が大きいので残って居り、繊維束が解放され
ると共に、自由垂下状態の繊維束を洗滌しつ＼空間Ｓ２
に流下する。Along with this, the float 6 also descends, and the liquid-permeable porous plate 20 for crimping the door main, which is integrated with it, also descends, so that the fiber bundles forming the floor are released and freely hang in the air. On the other hand, the filtration water at the bottom of the S1 space remains when the hearth is in a tight state due to high liquid flow resistance, and the fiber bundles are released and the freely hanging fiber bundles are washed and moved to the space S2.
flows down to.

〔第２図（Ｄ）〕 最終的には空間Ｓ２の水とスラリーは全部濃縮水排出管
から流出し終え待機状態に戻る。〔第２図（Ｅ）〕 との逆洗操作時にはバルブ８は閉じられ、濾過水排出管
内の水路は形成されたま＼閉じ込められた状態にあり、
次回の濾過が開始されバルブ８が開くと直ちに水頭圧差
が生じる。[FIG. 2(D)] Eventually, all the water and slurry in the space S2 will flow out from the concentrated water discharge pipe, and the system will return to the standby state. [Fig. 2 (E)] During the backwash operation, the valve 8 is closed, and the water channel in the filtrate discharge pipe remains formed/confined.
As soon as the next filtration is started and the valve 8 is opened, a head pressure difference occurs.

上記のように本発明にか＼る濾過装置は固定された繊維
束ρ床と、濾過槽内の水位によって昇降可能なｔ電圧着
用通液性多孔板の組合せにより、炉床の圧密化−沖過、
解緊−洗滌が容易、かつ完全にサイクル的に実施し得る
ようになったものである。As mentioned above, the filtration device according to the present invention is capable of consolidating the hearth by combining the fixed fiber bundle ρ bed and the liquid-permeable perforated plate with t voltage that can be raised and lowered depending on the water level in the filtration tank. Too late,
The loosening and cleaning can be carried out easily and completely cyclically.

次に各部位の細部の構造、材質について説明を補う。Next, provide supplementary explanations about the detailed structure and materials of each part.

ｒ床を形成するｒ毛材質は天然または合成繊維、何れに
てもよいが、耐久性と品種の多様性から後者が望ましい
。その太さは水流によって柔軟に撓う程度のものであれ
ば良く、３〜２０デ＝−２ルが最適であり、長毛沖布２
４を使用した場合〔第３図（Ｂ）〕は、基布土の繊維足
の長さが３〜１５（１１のものが最適である。The bristles forming the bed may be made of natural or synthetic fibers, but the latter is preferred from the standpoint of durability and variety. The thickness should be such that it can be flexibly bent by the water flow, and the optimal thickness is 3 to 20 de = -2 len.
When 4 is used [Fig. 3 (B)], the length of the fiber legs of the base soil is 3 to 15 (11 is optimal).

戸主屑は上端が固定され、全体として通液性のあるもの
であれば第３図（Ａ）に示すように並列棒状物〔ｒ毛取
付棒（１）〕に繊維束（２）を拡げて逆Ｕ字状または輪
状に引っかけ、上端のみを固定したものの他、第３図（
Ｂ）に示す長毛ｐ布も有効である。また棒状物として図
示した直棒状のものの他に、同心環状または渦巻コイル
状のものも同等の効果を有するものとして使用すること
ができる。If the upper end of the head scraps is fixed and the entire body is permeable to liquid, spread the fiber bundle (2) on a parallel rod-like object [r hair attachment rod (1)] as shown in Figure 3 (A). In addition to those hooked in an inverted U shape or ring shape and fixed only at the top end, there are also
The long blanket shown in B) is also effective. Further, in addition to the straight rod-shaped rod shown in the drawings, concentric ring-shaped or spiral coil-shaped rods can also be used as they have the same effect.

上記の炉床を圧着する浮子６は、浮力を発生するもので
あれば形状は問わないが、工作上の利便を考えて、第４
図のように球形（Ａ）、筒形（Ｃ）。The shape of the float 6 that presses the hearth can be any shape as long as it generates buoyancy, but for convenience in construction,
As shown in the figure, it is spherical (A) and cylindrical (C).

または下底を省略した筒形（Ｂ）でもよい。Alternatively, it may be cylindrical (B) with the lower bottom omitted.

この浮子は軸を有し、浮子軸支持金具４．５によって横
方向へのプレを防ぎ、上下方向にのみ昇降可能な構造で
ある。This float has a shaft, is prevented from moving in the lateral direction by a float shaft support fitting 4.5, and has a structure that allows it to be raised and lowered only in the vertical direction.

浮子軸の上部にはｒ電圧着用通液性多孔板（または網）
２０およびこれを支持、補強するための金具２１を、浮
子軸に固定してあり、浮子の昇降に伴って多孔板（また
は網）も上下し、これがｐ床を圧密、解緊する１０造に
しである。At the top of the float shaft, there is a liquid-permeable porous plate (or net) for applying r voltage.
20 and a metal fitting 21 for supporting and reinforcing it are fixed to the float shaft, and as the float goes up and down, the perforated plate (or net) also moves up and down, which consolidates and loosens the p-bed. It is.

浮子軸支持金具５は浮子の下限位置を規定する機能も有
し１ρ過槽内の水が全部抜き出されても浮子は中間の位
置を保ち、濃縮水（またはケーキ、洗滌水）の排出に支
障ないようにしである。The float shaft support fitting 5 also has the function of defining the lower limit position of the float, and even if all the water in the filtration tank is removed, the float remains in the intermediate position, allowing concentrated water (or cake or washing water) to be discharged. I'll make sure it doesn't cause any problems.

濃縮水排出バルブ１５はスラリー濃度が余り高くない場
合には通常のバルブ、または球形バルブ等でよいが、濃
縮度を高めて汚水中に塊状ケーキが多くなったり、流動
性が著しく悪い場合にはスクリュ一式のかき出し装置を
併用することも可能である。The concentrated water discharge valve 15 may be a normal valve or a spherical valve when the slurry concentration is not very high, but if the concentration is increased and there are many lump cakes in the wastewater or the fluidity is extremely poor, it may be used. It is also possible to use a scraping device with a set of screws.

本明細書本文説明および添付図面第１図、第２図（Ａ）
　Ｆ　（Ｂ）　９　（Ｃ）　ｔ　（Ｄ）　ｌ　（Ｅ）に
記す２ケの自動浮子弁１１．１９′８よびバルブ８，１
２，１５は、相互の開閉動作関係を、説明の便宜上、半
連動方式の例で示したが、これ等は全手動方式でも良く
、電磁式または空気圧式バルブを用いプロダラム化され
た全自動方式でもよい。Description of the main text of this specification and accompanying drawings Figures 1 and 2 (A)
F (B) 9 (C) t (D) l Two automatic float valves 11.19'8 and valves 8, 1 shown in (E)
2 and 15 show the mutual opening/closing operation relationship as an example of a semi-interlocked system for convenience of explanation, but these can also be fully manual systems, or fully automatic systems that are programmed using electromagnetic or pneumatic valves. But that's fine.

水位センサーＬおよびバルブ８け、ｒ過水排出管の配管
を若干変更、または起動エジェクターまｔｔ　Ｉｄ　起
ｔｎ　サイフオンを併用したオートサイフオン方式を採
ることにより、これ等を省略する仁とも・　　可能であ
る。（第６図） 上記のように本発明にが＼る沖過装置は、主動力源とし
ては原水ポンプのみであり、その他の動力きしては僅か
に計装とバルブ開閉用のみであり、極めて省エネルギー
的である。かつ全体の構造が簡単で、機械的作動部分が
少いため、保守が容易である。It is possible to omit these by slightly changing the water level sensor L, 8 valves, and the piping of the excess water discharge pipe, or by adopting an autosiphon system that uses a starting ejector and a siphon. be. (Fig. 6) As mentioned above, the offshore passage device according to the present invention uses only the raw water pump as the main power source, and the other power sources are only for instrumentation and valve opening/closing. It is extremely energy saving. Moreover, the overall structure is simple and there are few mechanically operating parts, so maintenance is easy.

第１図には沖連槽が円筒状の単室の場合につい図のよう
に角型槽を多数通べて使用することも出来る。Figure 1 shows that when the offshore tank is a single cylindrical tank, it is also possible to use multiple square tanks as shown in the figure.

一埜に比校的目の粗い圧密ｒ毛屑を用いる関係上、超微
細な浮遊物は除去し難い弱点もあるが、実質的には殆ん
ど浮遊物が目視出来ない程度に捕捉１分離が可能で、ρ
布を用いる他発明の場合よりも大きな距過速度が得られ
、かっ沖布が表面捕捉に対し、本発明炉床は縦深的に捕
捉効果を発揮するので、単位面積当りの沖過容景も大で
ある。Due to the use of relatively coarse consolidated hair waste, there is a weakness in that it is difficult to remove ultra-fine floating particles, but in reality, the floating particles are captured to the extent that they are almost invisible to the naked eye. is possible, and ρ
A larger distance overspeed can be obtained than in the case of other inventions using cloth, and the hearth of the present invention exhibits a trapping effect vertically and deeply, whereas the surface trapping cloth has a surface trapping effect. is also large.

また、前にも記したように本発明ｒ床は再生。Furthermore, as mentioned earlier, the bed of the present invention can be recycled.

洗滌、ケーキ剥離性も良好なことから、上水汚泥、下水
汚泥、醗酵液排水、建設ならびに採石現場排水処理の予
備濃縮装置として広く用いることができる。　。Since it has good washing and cake removal properties, it can be widely used as a preconcentration device for treating water sludge, sewage sludge, fermentation liquid wastewater, construction, and quarry site wastewater. .

例えば原水中の汚泥濃度が０．７〜１．０％から、逆洗
水（濃縮水）が流動性を失なわなφ程度までの濃縮には
極めて有効で、逆洗水によるケーキの再希釈も考慮して
平均して約３倍の濃縮が可能である。For example, it is extremely effective for concentrating the sludge concentration in raw water from 0.7 to 1.0% to about φ without losing fluidity of backwash water (concentrated water), and re-diluting the cake with backwash water. Taking this into consideration, it is possible to concentrate about 3 times on average.

また本発明装置は、無機系又は有機高分子系の沈１Ｍ！
凝集剤を併用すると、より効果的に浮遊物のThe device of the present invention also uses inorganic or organic polymeric precipitates of 1M!
When used in combination with a flocculant, suspended matter can be more effectively removed.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図けρ過装置の榛式断面図。第２図はこの装置の動
作順序を説明図で、 （Ａ）距過初期　　　　　（Ｂ）−過 （Ｃ）逆洗初期　　　　　（Ｄ）逆洗 （Ｅ）逆洗終了（待機） の状態をそれぞれ模式的に示した断面図。第３図（Ａ）
はｒ毛取付倖・繊維束（左；逆、Ｕ字状、右；輪状）（
Ｂ）は長毛戸布支持金具・長毛を布の例。 第４図はρ毛止着用浮子６の形状を示す側面図およびα
〜α′断面図。（Ａ）　ｔ　、（Ａ’）球状ｔ　（Ｂ）
　＋　（Ｂ’）無底円筒状ｔ　（ｃ）　ｔ　（Ｃ’）有
底円筒状。 第５図は角形槽・兼併型式のｒ連槽の例、（ＡＸＢ）伺 （Ｃ）は第１図中のＡ、Ｂ、Ｃレベルでの断面を模式的
にそれぞれ示す。 第６図は空気側路導入管の位置の他の例、およびサイフ
オンに起動ニジフタ−を用いた他の例をそれぞれ示す。 １：ｒ毛取付捧、２：ρ毛戯維束（ｒ床）、３：戸主圧
着用通液性多孔板支持金具、４，５：浮子軸支持金具、
６：浮子、７：ρ連槽、８　：バルブ、９：濾過水排出
管、１０：空気排出管、１１：浮子弁、１２：バルブ、
１３：原水供給管、１４：原水槽、１５：バルブ、１６
：儂縮水排出管、１７：濃縮水槽、１８：Ｆ３過水槽、
１９：浮子弁、２０　：ｒ毛圧密用通液性多孔板（また
は細）、２１８沖毛圧密用通液性多孔板取付金具、２２
　：側路空気導入管、２３８長毛ｒ布取付金具、２４：
長毛ρ布、２５：エジェクター、２６：エジェクター用
配水管、２７：空気吸引管 Ｌ：水位検出器、Ｐ：原水供給ポンプ、Ｓｌ、Ｓ２＝空
間 出願人　渡　辺　みどり 菫１図 第４図（△Ｓ　　　（ＥＳ）’　　　＜ｃ＞’第Ｓ口（
Ａ）　　（６）　　（Ｃ）Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the cross-section device. Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operating sequence of this device, and schematically shows the following states: (A) Initial distance travel (B) - Exit (C) Initial backwashing (D) Backwashing (E) End of backwashing (standby) A sectional view shown in FIG. Figure 3 (A)
Hair attachment / fiber bundle (left: inverted, U-shaped, right: ring-shaped) (
B) is an example of long wool cloth support fittings and long wool cloth. Figure 4 is a side view showing the shape of the float 6 for fixing ρ hair and α
~α′ cross-sectional view. (A) t, (A') spherical t (B)
+ (B') Bottomless cylindrical shape t (c) t (C') Bottomed cylindrical shape. FIG. 5 is an example of a rectangular tank/combined type r-connected tank, and (AXB) and (C) schematically show cross sections at levels A, B, and C in FIG. 1, respectively. FIG. 6 shows another example of the position of the air side passage introduction pipe, and another example in which an activation lid is used for the siphon. 1: R hair attachment, 2: ρ hair fiber bundle (r floor), 3: Liquid permeable porous plate support fitting for door main pressure, 4, 5: Float shaft support fitting,
6: Float, 7: ρ tank, 8: Valve, 9: Filtered water discharge pipe, 10: Air discharge pipe, 11: Float valve, 12: Valve,
13: Raw water supply pipe, 14: Raw water tank, 15: Valve, 16
: Condensed water discharge pipe, 17: Concentrated water tank, 18: F3 overwater tank,
19: Float valve, 20: r Liquid-permeable porous plate for hair consolidation (or thin), 218 Liquid-permeable porous plate mounting bracket for Oki hair consolidation, 22
: Side passage air introduction pipe, 238 long blanket r cloth mounting bracket, 24:
Long wool cloth, 25: Ejector, 26: Water pipe for ejector, 27: Air suction pipe L: Water level detector, P: Raw water supply pump, Sl, S2 = Space Applicant Midori Sumire Watanabe 1 Figure 4 (△ S (ES)'<c>'S exit (
A) (6) (C)

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 ｌ）容器の液体の出入口の中間において、該容器の内壁
に固定され、全面に可撓性繊維を垂下した通液性ｐ床と
、その下側に位置して前記一体の略々全面を“憧う大き
さで、これと一体な浮子によって昇降する一床圧着用通
液性多孔板とを内蔵したことを特徴とする一過装置 ２）上記１）に記す一過装置において、繊維層−床より
下部空間に空気を直接導入するための側路導入管を設け
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の一過
装置 ３）上記ｌ）に記す一過装置において、可撓性を有する
繊維層の形成材料として、毛足の長い繊維層を基布の片
面に織り出した、所潤長毛沖布を用いることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の濾過装置 ４）上記１）に記す一過装置において、可撓性を有する
繊維層の形成材料として、棒状物体または同心環状物体
に繊維束を逆Ｕ字状、または輪状に引っかけて並べて形
成した繊維層を用いることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲
第１項に記載の一過装置 ５）容器の液体の出入口の中間において、該容器の内壁
に固定し、全面に可撓性繊維を垂下した通液性炉床と、
その下側に位置して前記一体の略々全面を覆う大きさで
、これと一体な浮子によって昇降する通液性多孔板とを
内蔵したことを特徴とする一過装置を用い、先づ戸床下
部空間に原水を送液し、上向流にて水中の懸濁物を、浮
力によって上昇した浮子と一体な通液性多孔板によって
圧着された繊維層ｒ床の下面にて、沖過、捕捉する。（
沖過工程） 次いでケーキ剥離、ｒ毛洗滌再生に際しては、原水の供
給を停止し、ｒ床より下部空間に設けた濃縮水排出管の
バルブを開き沖過槽内の炉床より下の空間に、ｒ床を通
ることなく側路空気導入管から、空気を直接導入し、こ
の空間の水位を下げて、浮子と一体なｒ手圧着用通液性
多孔板をｒ床繊維層と離した状態で、−床より上部空間
に残る沖過水にて、下向流にて戸主の洗滌を行なう。（
洗滌工程）特徴とするｒ過濃縮方法 ６）前項５）に示す沖過工程において、炉床より高い位
置に設定した原水槽と、ｒ床より低い位置に設定した沖
過水槽との落差によって生じた自然発生水頭圧差をρ過
圧・として利用することを特徴とする特許Ｎ求の範囲第
５項の一過濃縮方法[Scope of Claims] l) A liquid-permeable p-bed fixed to the inner wall of the container and having flexible fibers hanging over its entire surface, located between the liquid inlet and outlet of the container, and the above-mentioned integral 2) A transient device as described in 1) above, which is characterized by having a built-in liquid-permeable perforated plate for one-bed pressure that is raised and lowered by an integrated float and is of an ideal size. 3) The device described in item l) above, characterized in that the device is provided with a side passage introduction pipe for directly introducing air into the space below the fiber layer-floor. Claim 1, characterized in that the fiber layer having flexibility is formed by using, as a material for forming the flexible fiber layer, a long-haired fabric in which a long-pile fiber layer is woven on one side of the base fabric. Filtration device described in Section 4) In the transit device described in 1) above, as a material for forming a flexible fiber layer, a fiber bundle is hooked in an inverted U shape or a ring shape on a rod-shaped object or a concentric annular object. 5) A transient device according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses fiber layers formed side by side. A liquid-permeable hearth hanging from
Using a passing device characterized by having a built-in liquid-permeable perforated plate which is located under the plate and has a size that covers almost the entire surface of the unit, and which is raised and lowered by an integral float, Raw water is sent to the space below the floor, and the suspended matter in the water is transferred upward by the buoyant force, and the fibrous layer is compressed by a liquid-permeable porous plate integrated with the float. , to capture. (
Next, when peeling the cake and regenerating the r-hair wash, the supply of raw water is stopped, and the valve of the concentrated water discharge pipe installed in the space below the r-bed is opened to drain the concentrated water into the space below the hearth in the r-bed. , Air is introduced directly from the side air inlet pipe without passing through the r floor, the water level in this space is lowered, and the liquid-permeable perforated plate for r hand pressure, which is integrated with the float, is separated from the r floor fiber layer. Then, the head of the household is washed with the downward flow of water remaining in the space above the floor. (
Washing process) Features of r-superconcentration method 6) In the overconcentration process shown in the previous section 5), the overconcentration process is caused by the difference in head between the raw water tank set at a position higher than the hearth and the overflow water tank set at a position lower than the r bed. The temporary concentration method according to item 5 of the patent request, which is characterized in that the naturally occurring hydraulic head pressure difference is used as ρ overpressure.