JPS59128221A - Electric melting apparatus - Google Patents
Electric melting apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59128221A JPS59128221A JP266583A JP266583A JPS59128221A JP S59128221 A JPS59128221 A JP S59128221A JP 266583 A JP266583 A JP 266583A JP 266583 A JP266583 A JP 266583A JP S59128221 A JPS59128221 A JP S59128221A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current
- comparator
- electrode
- electrodes
- melted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はガラス等の無機質材料を電気溶融する装置に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for electrically melting inorganic materials such as glass.
電気溶融装置としては、第１図に示される如く溶解室１
内に２対以上の電極（図では２人・２Ｂの対と２０・２
Ｄの対の２対）を水平に、又は垂直に備え、溶解室１内
に被溶融物質３を収容した後、電源４から電極間に電流
を通じ、電極間の被溶融物質３の抵抗により発生するジ
ーール熱により被溶融物質３を加熱し溶融する装置があ
る。その装置が正常に作動している状態では、図示の如
く各対の電極間に等しい電流値ｉの電流が流れる。The electric melting device has a melting chamber 1 as shown in FIG.
2 or more pairs of electrodes (in the figure, a pair of 2 people/2B and a pair of 20/2
After the material 3 to be melted is housed in the melting chamber 1, a current is passed between the electrodes from the power source 4, and a current is generated due to the resistance of the material 3 to be melted between the electrodes. There is an apparatus that heats and melts the substance 3 to be melted using Geel heat. When the device is operating normally, a current of equal current value i flows between each pair of electrodes as shown.
ところで、ガラス等の無機質材料では、材質により変動
はあるものの、温度が１００″Ｃ上昇すれば固有抵抗値
が１桁低下するのが一般である。例えば、ある種の材料
では１１００℃で１００−烏 のオーダー、１２００℃
で１０２Ω−清、のオーダー、１３００℃で１０ Ｑ
−ａｒｂ、 （Ｄオーダーであり、１４００’Ｃになる
と数Ω−一となる。By the way, for inorganic materials such as glass, although it varies depending on the material, if the temperature rises by 100"C, the specific resistance value generally decreases by one order of magnitude. For example, for some types of materials, the resistivity value decreases by 100" at 1100"C. Crow order, 1200℃
of the order of 102 Ω-clear, 10 Q at 1300°C
-arb, (D order, and becomes several Ω-1 at 1400'C.
第１図の装置で被溶融物質３が均一に加熱されている場
合には、各電極対間に等しい電流値ｉの電流が流れてい
る。しかしながら、加熱と放熱の場所的不均一などに起
因して一部の電極の近傍の被溶融物質８の温度が他の電
極の近傍の被溶融物質３の温度より低くなった場合、例
えば電極２Ｄの近傍の温度が他の部分より低くなったと
すれば、上述の特性から電極２Ｄの近傍の被溶融物質３
の固有抵抗値が相対的に高くなる。したがって電極２Ｃ
・２Ｄ間の電流が減少し、更には流れなくなると共に、
電極２人・２Ｂ間、及び２Ｃ・２Ｂ間に片寄った電流が
流れるようになって、これらの電極部及び電極間の温度
が上昇して更に湿間及び電流の不均一を助長し、加速す
ることになる。When the substance 3 to be melted is uniformly heated in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, a current having the same current value i flows between each pair of electrodes. However, if the temperature of the material 8 to be melted near some electrodes becomes lower than the temperature of the material 3 to be melted near other electrodes due to local non-uniformity in heating and heat radiation, for example, the electrode 2D If the temperature in the vicinity of the electrode 2D is lower than that in other parts, from the above-mentioned characteristics, the temperature in the vicinity of the electrode 2D
The specific resistance value of becomes relatively high. Therefore, electrode 2C
・As the current between 2D decreases and even stops flowing,
Unbalanced currents begin to flow between the two electrodes and 2B, and between 2C and 2B, increasing the temperature of these electrodes and between the electrodes, further promoting and accelerating moisture and current non-uniformity. It turns out.
このような不均一を回避するには、電極２Ａ・２Ｂ間と
２０・２Ｄ間の各電極対を個別のｔＪａ［により印加す
ればよいが、設備費が高価になるなどの問題がある。In order to avoid such non-uniformity, it is sufficient to apply an individual tJa to each electrode pair between the electrodes 2A and 2B and between the electrodes 20 and 2D, but there are problems such as high equipment costs.
本発明は上記問題に鑑みてなされたもので、簡単な構成
で被溶融物質を均一に加熱、溶融することのできる装置
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of uniformly heating and melting a substance to be melted with a simple configuration.
以下実施例を示す図面を参照して、本発明の詳細な説明
する。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings showing embodiments.
第２図は第１の実施例を示す図で、電源２Ａ・２Ｂ・２
Ｃ・２Ｄと電源４の間にはそれぞれ変流器５Ａ・５Ｂ・
５Ｃ・５Ｄ及びスイッチ６Ａ・６Ｂ・６Ｃ・６Ｄが設け
られている。７は比較器で、変流器５Ａからの電流ｉＡ
が予め設定された値より大きくなった時スイッチ６Ａを
オフにし、同様にして変流器５Ｂからの電流ｉＢが設定
値より大きくなった時にはスイッチ６Ｂをオフに、変流
器５Ｃからの電流ｉＣが設定値より大きくなった時には
スイッチ６Ｃをオフに、変流器５１）からの電流ｉＤが
設定値より大きくなった時にはスイッチ６Ｄをオフにす
る。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the first embodiment, in which power supplies 2A, 2B, 2
Current transformers 5A, 5B and 5B are connected between C and 2D and power supply 4, respectively.
5C and 5D and switches 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D are provided. 7 is a comparator, the current iA from the current transformer 5A
When the current iB from the current transformer 5B becomes larger than the preset value, the switch 6A is turned off, and in the same way, when the current iB from the current transformer 5B becomes larger than the set value, the switch 6B is turned off, and the current iC from the current transformer 5C is turned off. When the current iD from the current transformer 51) becomes larger than the set value, the switch 6C is turned off, and when the current iD from the current transformer 51) becomes larger than the set value, the switch 6D is turned off.
不実施例において、金電極２への近傍の被溶融物質３が
他の部分より低温になったとすると、電流は主として電
極２Ｂ・２０間、及び２Ｃ・２Ｄ間で流れ、したがって
比較器７に入る電流は、１Ａ（ｉＢ、１ｃ）ｉｆ＞とな
る。比較器７には、電流が片寄ったときの電流値として
ｉｏを基準値として設定しておくと、この場合ｉＣのみ
が１０より大きくなり、他はｉｏより小さくなる。した
がって、比較器７はスイッチ６Ｃをオフにするので、電
極２Ｂ・２０間、及び２Ｃ・２Ｄ間に電流が流れなくな
ると共に、電極２人・２Ｂ間、及び２人・２Ｄ間に電流
が流れ始めて電極２人近傍の被溶融物質８の温度を上昇
させ、被溶融物質３の場所的温度不均一を解消する。In a non-example, if the material 3 to be melted near the gold electrode 2 becomes lower in temperature than other parts, the current flows mainly between the electrodes 2B and 20 and between the electrodes 2C and 2D, and therefore enters the comparator 7. The current is 1A (iB, 1c) if>. If io is set as a reference value in the comparator 7 as a current value when the current is biased, in this case only iC will be larger than 10, and the others will be smaller than io. Therefore, comparator 7 turns off switch 6C, so current stops flowing between electrodes 2B and 20 and between electrodes 2C and 2D, and current begins to flow between electrodes 2 and 2B and between electrodes 2 and 2D. The temperature of the material 8 to be melted near the two electrodes is increased to eliminate the local temperature non-uniformity of the material 3 to be melted.
同様にして、電極２Ｂの近傍の被溶融物質３の温度が相
対的に低い場合には、ｉＤのみが１Ｄ）１０となるので
比較器７がスイッチ６Ｄをオフにして電極２人・２Ｂ間
、及び２Ｂ・２０間に電流を流させ、電極２Ｂの近傍の
被溶融物質３の温度を上昇させる。全く同様に、電＆
２ Ｃ近傍が相対的に低温のときはスイッチ６Ａが、ま
た電極２Ｄ近傍が相対的に低温のときはスイッチ６Ｂが
それぞれ比較器７によりオフとされることにより、低温
部分の電極に電流が片寄って流れ始めてその部分の被溶
融物質３の温度を上昇させるように作用する。Similarly, when the temperature of the substance 3 to be melted near the electrode 2B is relatively low, only iD becomes 1D)10, so the comparator 7 turns off the switch 6D and the temperature between the two electrodes and 2B is A current is caused to flow between the electrodes 2B and 20 to raise the temperature of the substance 3 to be melted near the electrode 2B. In exactly the same way, electric &
The comparator 7 turns off the switch 6A when the area near 2C is relatively low temperature, and the switch 6B when the area near the electrode 2D is relatively low temperature, so that the current is biased towards the electrode in the low temperature area. The melt starts to flow and acts to raise the temperature of the material to be melted 3 in that part.
第３図は第２の実施例を示す図で、第２図の第１の実施
例との相違点は、各電極２人・２Ｂ・２Ｃ・２Ｄと電源
４との間の回路にスイッチ６Ａ・６Ｂ・６Ｃ・６Ｄに代
えて可変抵抗器８Ａ・８Ｂ・８Ｃ・８Ｄを設けた点にあ
る。本実施例では、ある変流器、例えば５Ａからの電流
ｉＡが比較器７の設定値ｉ０より大きくなった時、比較
器７は駆動手段（図示はしていない）を介して可変抵抗
器８への抵抗値を増加させる。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the second embodiment, and the difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. - Variable resistors 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D are provided in place of 6B, 6C, and 6D. In this embodiment, when the current iA from a certain current transformer, for example 5A, becomes larger than the set value i0 of the comparator 7, the comparator 7 is connected to the variable resistor 8 via a driving means (not shown). increase the resistance value.
本実施例において、金電極２Ａの近傍の被溶融物質３が
他の部分より低温になったとすると、第１の実施例の説
明の通りｉｃ’＞ｉｏとなるので、比較器７は可変抵抗
器８Ｃの抵抗値を増加させる。In this embodiment, if the material to be melted 3 near the gold electrode 2A becomes lower in temperature than other parts, ic'>io as explained in the first embodiment, so the comparator 7 is a variable resistor. Increase the resistance value of 8C.
したがって、電極２Ｃ・２Ｂ間、及び２Ｃ・２Ｄ間の電
流が減少すると共に、電極２人・２Ｂ間、及び２Ａ２Ｄ
間の′電流が増加するので、電極２人近傍の被溶融物質
３の温度上昇率が他の部分より大きくなり、被溶融物質
３の場所的温度不均一が解消される。Therefore, the current between electrodes 2C and 2B and between 2C and 2D decreases, and the current between electrodes 2C and 2B and between 2A and 2D decreases.
Since the current between the two electrodes increases, the temperature increase rate of the material 3 to be melted near the two electrodes becomes larger than that in other parts, and the local temperature non-uniformity of the material 3 to be melted is eliminated.
全く同様にして、電極２Ｂの近傍が相対的に低温のどき
には可変抵抗器８Ｂが、電極２Ｃの近傍が相対的に低温
のときには可変抵抗器８Ａが、電極２Ｄの近傍が相対的
に低温のときには可変抵抗器３ Ｂ、かそれぞれ叱較器
７により抵抗値を増加させられることにより、電極間の
電流値が調節されて被溶融物質３の場所的温度不均一が
解消される。In exactly the same way, when the vicinity of electrode 2B is relatively low temperature, the variable resistor 8B is activated, when the vicinity of electrode 2C is relatively low temperature, the variable resistor 8A is activated, and when the vicinity of electrode 2D is relatively low temperature, the variable resistor 8A is activated. At this time, the resistance value is increased by the variable resistor 3B or the calibrator 7, so that the current value between the electrodes is adjusted and the local temperature non-uniformity of the material 3 to be melted is eliminated.
以上詳述した如く、本発明は被溶融物質の場所的温度不
均一を各電極に流れる電流値から検出し、その電流値を
基にして、低温部分の電、極の電流値を多くするように
比較器で制御しているので、簡単な構成で被溶融物質を
均一に加熱、浴融することができる電気溶融装置を達成
することができる。As detailed above, the present invention detects the local temperature non-uniformity of the material to be melted from the current value flowing through each electrode, and based on the current value, increases the current value of the electrodes in the low temperature part. Since this is controlled by a comparator, an electric melting device capable of uniformly heating and bath-melting the substance to be melted can be achieved with a simple configuration.
第１図は従来の電気溶融装置を示す電気回路を併せて記
載した断面図、第２図及び第３図はそれぞれ第１及び第
２の実施例を示す電気回路を併せて記載した断面図であ
る。
１・・・溶解室、２Ａ・２Ｂ・２Ｃ・２Ｄ・・・電極、
３・・・被溶融物質、４・・・電源、５Ａ・５Ｂ・５Ｃ
・５Ｄ・・・変流器、６Ａ・６Ｂ・６Ｃ・６Ｄ・・・ス
イッチ、７・・・比較器、８Ａ・８Ｂ・８Ｃ・８Ｄ・・
・可変抵抗器。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional electric melting device together with an electric circuit, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing electric circuits showing the first and second embodiments, respectively. be. 1...dissolution chamber, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D...electrode,
3...Substance to be melted, 4...Power source, 5A/5B/5C
・5D... Current transformer, 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D... Switch, 7... Comparator, 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D...
・Variable resistor.
Claims (1)
置において、各電極に流れる電流値を測定する測定器と
、その電流値を基準値と比較し電流値が基準値より大き
くなった時信号を出力する比較器と、該比較器の信号に
より電流値が基準値より大きくなった電極の電流を遮断
し又は減少させる手段とを備えたことを特徴とする電気
溶融装置。 （２、特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の装置において、前
記手段は各電極と電源との間にスイッチを設け、比較器
からの信号によりスイッチをオフとするものである電気
溶融装置。 （３）特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の装置において、前
記手段は各電極と電源との間に可変抵抗器を設け、比較
器からの信号により可変抵抗器の抵抗値を増加させるも
のである電気溶融装置。[Scope of Claims] (1) In a melting device having at least two pairs of electrodes in an electrolytic chamber, a measuring device for measuring the value of current flowing through each electrode, and comparing the current value with a reference value and determining that the current value is the reference value. An electric melting device comprising: a comparator that outputs a signal when the current value becomes larger than the reference value; and means for cutting off or reducing the current flowing through the electrode when the current value becomes larger than the reference value based on the signal from the comparator. . (2. In the device according to claim 1, the means is an electric melting device that provides a switch between each electrode and a power source, and turns off the switch by a signal from a comparator. ( 3) In the device according to claim 1, the means includes a variable resistor provided between each electrode and a power source, and a resistance value of the variable resistor is increased by a signal from a comparator. Electric melting equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP266583A JPS59128221A (en) | 1983-01-11 | 1983-01-11 | Electric melting apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP266583A JPS59128221A (en) | 1983-01-11 | 1983-01-11 | Electric melting apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59128221A true JPS59128221A (en) | 1984-07-24 |
Family
ID=11535611
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP266583A Pending JPS59128221A (en) | 1983-01-11 | 1983-01-11 | Electric melting apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59128221A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61291423A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1986-12-22 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Method for heating electrically conductive material and apparatus therefor |
| WO2012132473A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | ＡｖａｎＳｔｒａｔｅ株式会社 | Glass substrate production method |
| JP5192100B2 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2013-05-08 | ＡｖａｎＳｔｒａｔｅ株式会社 | Manufacturing method of glass substrate |
| JP2020500410A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2020-01-09 | ヒートワークス・テクノロジーズ，インコーポレイテッド | Apparatus for ohmic heating of fluid |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5052111A (en) * | 1973-08-28 | 1975-05-09 | ||
| JPS5165441A (en) * | 1974-10-15 | 1976-06-07 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | |
| JPS54101819A (en) * | 1978-01-26 | 1979-08-10 | Nippon Electric Glass Co | Electric melting apparatus |
-
1983
- 1983-01-11 JP JP266583A patent/JPS59128221A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5052111A (en) * | 1973-08-28 | 1975-05-09 | ||
| JPS5165441A (en) * | 1974-10-15 | 1976-06-07 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | |
| JPS54101819A (en) * | 1978-01-26 | 1979-08-10 | Nippon Electric Glass Co | Electric melting apparatus |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61291423A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1986-12-22 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Method for heating electrically conductive material and apparatus therefor |
| WO2012132473A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | ＡｖａｎＳｔｒａｔｅ株式会社 | Glass substrate production method |
| JP5192100B2 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2013-05-08 | ＡｖａｎＳｔｒａｔｅ株式会社 | Manufacturing method of glass substrate |
| JP2020500410A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2020-01-09 | ヒートワークス・テクノロジーズ，インコーポレイテッド | Apparatus for ohmic heating of fluid |
| US11353241B2 (en) | 2016-11-07 | 2022-06-07 | Heatworks Technologies, Inc. | Devices for ohmically heating a fluid |
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