JPS59119417A - Self-running truck control device - Google Patents

Self-running truck control device

Info

Publication number
JPS59119417A
JPS59119417A JP57229105A JP22910582A JPS59119417A JP S59119417 A JPS59119417 A JP S59119417A JP 57229105 A JP57229105 A JP 57229105A JP 22910582 A JP22910582 A JP 22910582A JP S59119417 A JPS59119417 A JP S59119417A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
vehicle
memory
self
control device
inputted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP57229105A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasuhisa Iida
飯田 泰久
Keiichi Kenmochi
圭一 見持
Shiyouji Doi
土井 祥「じ」
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP57229105A priority Critical patent/JPS59119417A/en
Publication of JPS59119417A publication Critical patent/JPS59119417A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0268Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means
    • G05D1/0272Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means comprising means for registering the travel distance, e.g. revolutions of wheels

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the lay of a tape and an electric wire unnecessary, and to form a self-running truck control device with high accuracy and few memories by prescribing a course pattern by plural passing points, and also interpolating a part between the passing points at minute pitches. CONSTITUTION:A memory 10 stores a coordinate data of plural passing points for prescribing a course pattern. In this state, when a vehicle starts to move, an interpolation calculating part 12 calculates suitably a target position data every moment, and outputs it to an error calculating part 17. At the same time, outputs of encoders 8-1, 8-2, and an output of a rate sensor 9 are inputted to a running locus calculating part 16 through counters 13-1, 13-2 and a mean value part 14, and through an integration circuit 9, respectively. A result of this calculation is inputted as a present value data to the error calculating part 17, and the result of this calculation is inputted as a command value to a steering motor control part 18. In this way, it is unnecessary to lay a tape and an electric wire, and a self-running truck control device having a high accuracy and few memories can be formed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は自走台車制御装置に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a self-propelled trolley control device.

無人車両の誘導システムとして、古くは、床面に光学反
射テープを貼付したり、電線を埋設し車上のピックアッ
プでこれを検出しこれに沿って車両を走行させる方式が
知られているが、電線を埋設する方式は床のカッティン
グ工事が高価でかつコース変更が容易にできない欠点が
あり、光学反射テープ方式は、コース変更が容易で工事
費は安価であるが、路面の汚れに弱く、信頼性に欠け、
か一つメンテナンスが必要であるためランニングコスト
が高いという欠点がある。
Traditionally known guidance systems for unmanned vehicles include attaching optical reflective tape to the floor or burying electric wires, which are detected by a pick-up on the vehicle and the vehicle is driven along the track. The method of burying electric wires has the disadvantage that the floor cutting work is expensive and the course cannot be changed easily, while the optical reflective tape method is easy to change the course and the construction cost is low, but it is vulnerable to dirt on the road surface and is not reliable. Lacking sex,
One drawback is that running costs are high because maintenance is required.

そこでこれらの欠点を除去するために、車上にメモリを
具え、前もって走行指令データをセットしておき、車輪
に付設されたエンコーダから得られる進行距離信号によ
って遂次メモリから指令データを読み出して走行制御す
る、いわゆるティーチング(Teaching )  
方式も知られているが、この方式では走行距離に比例す
るメモリが必要であり、かつ走行コースが複数あると、
それぞれの走行パターンに対してもメモリを必要とする
ので、例えば全長100mを走行するとして、0.1m
ピッチで指令を読出すとすると、1000個のデータが
必要となり、ピッチを長くすれば、データ数は減少する
が、走行軌跡の精度は低下し、またデータを作るために
はテイーチング走行ないし複雑な計算操作が必要である
Therefore, in order to eliminate these drawbacks, a memory is installed on the vehicle, travel command data is set in advance, and the command data is sequentially read from the memory using the traveling distance signal obtained from the encoder attached to the wheel. Controlling, so-called teaching
Another method is known, but this method requires memory proportional to the distance traveled, and if there are multiple driving courses,
Memory is also required for each running pattern, so for example, if the total length is 100m, 0.1m
If you read out commands by pitch, 1000 pieces of data are required.If you lengthen the pitch, the number of data will decrease, but the accuracy of the traveling trajectory will decrease, and in order to create the data, teaching traveling or complicated Calculation operations are required.

本発明はこのような事情に鑑みて提案されたもので、テ
ープや電線の布設を不要とし、高精度でメモリの少ない
低コストの自走台車制御装置を提供することを目的とし
、無人車両に走行コースの位置座標を記憶するメモリを
具え、車輪に付設されたエンコーダから得られる走行距
離信号によって遂次上記メモリから指定データを読出し
て上記車両を上記コースに沿って走行させるようにした
ものにおいて、コースパターンを規定する複数の通過点
の座標データを記憶するメモリと、車両に付設された方
位検出器とを具え、上記複数の通過点間を細かいピッチ
で補間するようにしたことを特徴とする。
The present invention was proposed in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a low-cost self-propelled trolley control device that does not require the installation of tape or electric wires, has high precision, and has little memory, and is suitable for use in unmanned vehicles. The vehicle is equipped with a memory for storing the position coordinates of the traveling course, and the vehicle is caused to travel along the course by sequentially reading specified data from the memory according to a traveling distance signal obtained from an encoder attached to a wheel. The vehicle is characterized by comprising a memory for storing coordinate data of a plurality of passing points that define a course pattern, and an azimuth detector attached to the vehicle, and interpolating between the plurality of passing points at a fine pitch. do.

本発明の一実施例を図面について説明すると、第1図は
その無人車両(以下車両という)の平面図、第2図は第
1図の車両の制御回路のブロック線図、第3図は第2図
のメモリの内容を示す線図である。
An embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the unmanned vehicle (hereinafter referred to as vehicle), FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the control circuit of the vehicle in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the contents of the memory in FIG. 2;

まず第1図〜第2図において、lは無人車両(以下車両
という)、2−1 + 2−2は固定従動輪、3はステ
アリング制御用の駆動輪およびステアリング輪、4は駆
動輪およびステアリング輪3の動ぎに従って回動可能な
従動輪、5は車両の前後進、駆動用モータ、6はステア
リング輪3の切り角制御用モータ(ステアリングモータ
)、7はステアリング切り角検出器(ポテンショメーク
又はシャフトエンコーダ等) 、8−1 + 8−2は
七ノ1.それ左右の固定従動輪2−1 y 2−2の回
転数より進行距離に応じたパルスを発生するエンコーダ
で、エンコーダを両輪に付けることにより車体の中心線
上での平均進行距離が求められる。9は振動の少ない車
体下部に付設され車体の姿勢角を検出するためのレート
センサ(角速度センサ)で角速度センサ9の出力θを積
分することにより車体の方位を計算することができる0 10はメモリで、ここには車両lの建屋内のホームポジ
ションを原点とした座標における所望走行コースの所定
のポイントの座標値が第3図に示すように入り、このメ
モリには他の例としである点から次の点の間の座標値の
差分、例えば第3図では、第1点P、(0,0,90°
)→第2点P2 (0,4,,0°)へ、第2点P2→
第3点Ps  (1,1,−90’)  へ、第3点P
3→第4点P4.(11,0,0°)へ入れてもよい。
First, in Figures 1 and 2, l is an unmanned vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a vehicle), 2-1 + 2-2 are fixed driven wheels, 3 is a drive wheel and steering wheel for steering control, and 4 is a drive wheel and steering wheel. A driven wheel that can rotate according to the movement of the wheel 3; 5 is a motor for driving the vehicle forward and backward; 6 is a motor for controlling the turning angle of the steering wheel 3 (steering motor); 7 is a steering turning angle detector (potentiometer). (or shaft encoder, etc.), 8-1 + 8-2 is seven points 1. The encoder generates a pulse according to the traveling distance based on the rotation speed of the left and right fixed driven wheels 2-1, y, and 2-2.By attaching the encoder to both wheels, the average traveling distance on the center line of the vehicle body can be determined. 9 is a rate sensor (angular velocity sensor) attached to the lower part of the vehicle body where there is less vibration and detects the attitude angle of the vehicle body.By integrating the output θ of the angular velocity sensor 9, the direction of the vehicle body can be calculated.0 10 is a memory Here, the coordinate values of a predetermined point on the desired travel course in coordinates with the home position in the building of the vehicle L as the origin are entered as shown in Fig. 3, and in this memory, as another example, a certain point is entered. For example, in Fig. 3, the first point P, (0, 0, 90°
) → to second point P2 (0,4,,0°), second point P2 →
To the third point Ps (1, 1, -90'), the third point P
3 → 4th point P4. (11,0,0°).

IIはタイミング発生部で、システムのタイミングパル
ス発生の管理を行なう。12は補間計算部で、タイミン
グ発生部11の発生する細かいタイミングに応じて時々
刻々の目標位置データをメモ−リ10に入力されたデー
タより補間計算する。
Reference numeral II denotes a timing generator, which manages timing pulse generation in the system. Reference numeral 12 denotes an interpolation calculation section which interpolates and calculates momentary target position data from the data input to the memory 10 in accordance with the detailed timing generated by the timing generation section 11.

補間方法としては円弧補間、直線補間等がある013 
+、 ’、 l 3−2はそれぞれエンコーダ8−、。
Interpolation methods include circular interpolation, linear interpolation, etc.013
+, ', l 3-2 are encoders 8-, respectively.

8−2の発するパルスのカウンタで、これにより単位時
間当りの左右、固定輪2 ”−1y 2−2の進行距離
を得、平均値部14で左右両輪2−、.2−。
8-2 is a counter of the pulses emitted, thereby obtaining the travel distance of the left and right fixed wheels 2''-1y2-2 per unit time, and the average value unit 14 calculates the traveling distance of the left and right wheels 2''-1y2-2.

の平均値すなわち、カーブ走行時の車両中心の進行距離
を出す。15はレートセンf9の積分回路である□平均
値部14と積分回路I5により無人車両1の進行方向ベ
クトルがタイミング発生部11のタイミング発生の都度
得られる016は前記進行方向ベクトルを計算して時々
刻々の現在位置を計算する走行軌跡計算部、17は補間
計算部12からの目標位置、走行軌跡計算部I6からの
現在位置データをうけて誤差計算を行ない、ステアリン
グモータ制御部18に対して、コース修正のためのステ
アリング切り角指令を出す誤差計算部、I8はステアリ
ング切り角検出器7の出力と誤差計算部17からの切り
角指令によりステアリングの補正を行なうステアリング
モータ制御部である0 このような装置において、ホームポジションに停止して
いる車両を、成る点に移動させる場合で説明すると、第
2図に示すように、まず、地上からの無線信号等にエリ
スタート信号がタイミング発生部IIに与えられる0 そうすると、タイミング発生部11からカウンタ13−
、.13−2にリセット信号が送られ、カウンタ13−
、.1B−、かりセットされるOま ゛たタイミング発
生部11からは走行軌跡計算部16および補間計算部1
2へも同様に信号が送られ両計算部16.12は計算の
準備ができる。
In other words, the distance traveled from the center of the vehicle when driving on a curve is calculated. 15 is an integrator circuit of the rate sensor f9. □The average value section 14 and the integrator circuit I5 obtain the traveling direction vector of the unmanned vehicle 1 each time the timing generating section 11 generates the timing. 016 calculates the traveling direction vector and calculates it every moment. A travel trajectory calculation section 17 calculates an error based on the target position from the interpolation calculation section 12 and current position data from the travel trajectory calculation section I6, and calculates a course for the steering motor control section 18. The error calculation unit I8 is a steering motor control unit that corrects the steering based on the output of the steering angle detector 7 and the steering angle command from the error calculation unit 17. To explain the case where the device moves a vehicle stopped at the home position to a certain point, as shown in FIG. will be 0. Then, from the timing generation section 11 to the counter 13-
,.. A reset signal is sent to counter 13-2, and counter 13-
,.. 1B-, the timing generator 11 outputs the traveling trajectory calculation unit 16 and the interpolation calculation unit 1.
A signal is similarly sent to the calculation units 16 and 12, and both calculation units 16 and 12 are ready for calculation.

次に、車両が動き始めると、補間計算部I2は時々刻々
適宜目標位置データを計算し、誤差計算部I7へ出力す
る。これと同時にエンコーダ8−1 + 8−1からの
信号がカウンタ13−、。
Next, when the vehicle starts moving, the interpolation calculation unit I2 calculates target position data as appropriate from time to time and outputs it to the error calculation unit I7. At the same time, the signals from the encoders 8-1 + 8-1 are sent to the counters 13-, .

13−2、平均値部14を経て、また、レートセンサ9
からの信号が積分回路15を経て走行軌跡計算部16に
入力し、この計算結果が現在値データとして誤差W1算
部17に入力され、この計算結果が指令値としてステア
リングモータ制御部I8に入力し、適切なステアリング
制御を行なうことができる。
13-2, through the average value section 14, and also the rate sensor 9
The signal is inputted to the travel trajectory calculation section 16 via the integrating circuit 15, this calculation result is inputted as current value data to the error W1 calculation section 17, and this calculation result is inputted as a command value to the steering motor control section I8. , appropriate steering control can be performed.

本発明によれば、下記の効果が奏せられる。According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.

(1)  メモリの容量を大巾に減少することができる
0 因みに、第3図に示すようなコースでは、これがかりに
全長100mであっても、4点”1  y ”Z  r
 P3  z P4の位置データのへで車両を誘導する
ことができる。点の個数は走行コースの形にLっで定ま
り、例えば直進のみであれば、距離の長短にかかわらず
起点。
(1) The memory capacity can be greatly reduced0.Incidentally, in a course like the one shown in Figure 3, even if the total length is 100m, there will be 4 points "1 y" Z r
The vehicle can be guided by the position data of P3 z P4. The number of points is determined by L depending on the shape of the driving course. For example, if you only drive straight, the starting point is regardless of the length of the distance.

終点の座標値のみでよい。Only the coordinate values of the end point are required.

(2)高精度かつ滑らかな位置制御ができる。(2) Highly accurate and smooth position control is possible.

すなわち、タイミング発生部11.補間計算部12.走
行軌跡計算部16の計算は5/、oo秒程度で実施可能
であるから、41al/hの速度でも、56朋走行毎に
ステアリング補正され、円滑かつ高精度な制御が可能と
なる。
That is, the timing generator 11. Interpolation calculation unit 12. Since the calculation by the travel trajectory calculation unit 16 can be performed in about 5/0 seconds, even at a speed of 41 al/h, the steering is corrected every 56 h, allowing smooth and highly accurate control.

(3)メモリの入力が容易である。従来のようにステア
リング走行指令を入力するのでなく、平面内における車
両通過点座標を入力するだけであるから、ティーチング
等の操作が不要である。
(3) Memory input is easy. Rather than inputting a steering command as in the conventional case, only the coordinates of a vehicle passing point within a plane are inputted, so there is no need for operations such as teaching.

(4)地上設備をなくしたので、メンテナンスが容易と
なる。
(4) Maintenance is easier because ground equipment is eliminated.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の一実施例の自走台車を示す平面図、第
2図は第1図の車両の制御回路のプロ6、ツク線図、第
3図は第2図のメモリの内容を示す線図である。 I・・・無人車両、2−、.2〜2・・・固定従動輪、
3・・・駆r4J輪およびステアリング軸、4・・・従
動輪、5・・・前後進駆動用モータ、6・・・切り角制
御用モータ(ステアリングモータ)、7・・・ステアリ
ング切り角検出器、8−、.8−2・・・エンコーダ、
9・・・レートセンf、zo・・・メモリ、11・・・
タイミング発生部、12・・・補間計算部、13−1.
73−2・・・カウンタ、I4・・・平均値部、15・
・・積分回路、I6・・・走行軌跡計算部、17・・・
誤差計算部、18・・・ステアリングモータ制御部。 出願人復代理人 弁理士  鈴 江 武 彦第1図
Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a self-propelled trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram of the control circuit of the vehicle shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is the contents of the memory shown in Fig. 2. FIG. I...Unmanned vehicle, 2-,. 2-2... fixed driven wheel,
3... Driving r4J wheel and steering shaft, 4... Driven wheel, 5... Forward/backward drive motor, 6... Turning angle control motor (steering motor), 7... Steering turning angle detection Vessel, 8-,. 8-2...Encoder,
9... Rate sensor f, zo... Memory, 11...
Timing generation section, 12... Interpolation calculation section, 13-1.
73-2...Counter, I4...Average value section, 15.
...Integrator circuit, I6...Travel trajectory calculation section, 17...
Error calculation section, 18... Steering motor control section. Applicant Sub-Agent Patent Attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 1

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 無人車両に走行コースの位置座標を記憶するメモリを具
え、車輪に付設されたエンコーダから得られる走行距離
信号によって遂時上記メモリから指定データを読出して
上記車輪を上記コースに沿って走行させるようにしたも
のにおいて、コースパターンを規定する複数の通過点の
座標データを記憶するメモリと、車両に付設された方位
検出器とを具え、上記複数の通過点間を細かいピッチ、
で補間するようにしたことを特徴とする自走台車制御装
置。
The unmanned vehicle is equipped with a memory that stores the position coordinates of the driving course, and the specified data is read out from the memory at last based on the driving distance signal obtained from the encoder attached to the wheels, and the wheels are caused to travel along the course. The vehicle is equipped with a memory that stores coordinate data of a plurality of passing points that define a course pattern, and a direction detector attached to the vehicle, and the vehicle moves between the plurality of passing points at fine pitches.
A self-propelled trolley control device characterized by interpolating with.
JP57229105A 1982-12-27 1982-12-27 Self-running truck control device Pending JPS59119417A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57229105A JPS59119417A (en) 1982-12-27 1982-12-27 Self-running truck control device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57229105A JPS59119417A (en) 1982-12-27 1982-12-27 Self-running truck control device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59119417A true JPS59119417A (en) 1984-07-10

Family

ID=16886814

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57229105A Pending JPS59119417A (en) 1982-12-27 1982-12-27 Self-running truck control device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59119417A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6274107A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-04-04 Komatsu Ltd Teaching method for running course of unmanned vehicle
JPS62165218A (en) * 1986-01-17 1987-07-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Self-traveling carriage
JPS6345611A (en) * 1986-08-13 1988-02-26 Komatsu Forklift Co Ltd Deceleration/stop control method for unmanned vehicle
WO1988005938A1 (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Vehicle navigator
EP0448060A2 (en) * 1990-03-19 1991-09-25 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Automatic travelling apparatus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6274107A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-04-04 Komatsu Ltd Teaching method for running course of unmanned vehicle
JPS62165218A (en) * 1986-01-17 1987-07-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Self-traveling carriage
JPS6345611A (en) * 1986-08-13 1988-02-26 Komatsu Forklift Co Ltd Deceleration/stop control method for unmanned vehicle
WO1988005938A1 (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Vehicle navigator
EP0448060A2 (en) * 1990-03-19 1991-09-25 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Automatic travelling apparatus

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