JPS59116342A - Production of shape memory alloy - Google Patents
Production of shape memory alloyInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59116342A JPS59116342A JP23208282A JP23208282A JPS59116342A JP S59116342 A JPS59116342 A JP S59116342A JP 23208282 A JP23208282 A JP 23208282A JP 23208282 A JP23208282 A JP 23208282A JP S59116342 A JPS59116342 A JP S59116342A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shape
- shape memory
- memory alloy
- phase
- concn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Nonferrous Metals Or Alloys (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
発明の分野
この発明は、たとえば感温素子あるいは各種のアクチュ
エータなどに用いられる、形状配憶合金 ゛の製
造方法に関づる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a shape memory alloy used, for example, in temperature sensing devices or various actuators.
先行技術の説明
従来より感温余子として、異種金属の熱膨張係数の差を
利用したバイメタルなどが実用化されている。しかしな
がら、異種金層の熱膨張係数の差を利用するものである
ため、温度変化に基づく形状の変化量ならびに形状変化
に伴い発生ブる力に限界か存在した。そこで、近年、形
状配憶合金部月よりなる感温素子が提案されている。形
状記憶合金とは、形状記憶効果を有づる含金部材であり
、この形状記憶効果はマルデンリイト変態と逆変態とに
より現出づるものであり、変態温度より低温で変形した
後にｉｓ湯温度り高温側に加熱すれば変形前の高温側で
の形状に戻るものである。したかって、形状記憶合金で
は温度に基づく形状の変化は逆変態点の近傍で生じる。Description of Prior Art Bimetals and the like, which utilize the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of different metals, have been put into practical use as temperature-sensitive resistors. However, since it utilizes the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between different gold layers, there are limits to the amount of change in shape due to temperature changes and the force that can be generated due to the change in shape. Therefore, in recent years, temperature sensing elements made of shape memory alloy parts have been proposed. A shape memory alloy is a metal-containing member that has a shape memory effect, and this shape memory effect appears through maldenritt transformation and reverse transformation, and after being deformed at a temperature lower than the transformation temperature, it is If it is heated to the side, it will return to its shape on the high temperature side before deformation. Therefore, in shape memory alloys, changes in shape due to temperature occur near the reverse transformation point.
ところで逆変態点は合金の組成により−Ｓ的に決定され
るものであり、それゆえに形状配憶合金を用いるもので
は形状の変化Ｗ１および変形に伴い発生する力を大きく
することは可能であるが、狭い温度範囲でしか形状変化
が起こらないという欠点が存在する。したがって、３１
！続的な温度変化に対応することがＣ゛きないものであ
った。By the way, the reverse transformation point is determined by the composition of the alloy in a -S manner, and therefore, with shape memory alloys, it is possible to increase the shape change W1 and the force generated due to deformation. However, the disadvantage is that the shape change only occurs within a narrow temperature range. Therefore, 31
! It was difficult to cope with continuous temperature changes.
また、形状記憶合金は、溶解−均質化焼鈍〜熱間圧延−
冷間圧延−中間軟化（中間軟化工程は冷間圧延工程との
間でＮ返される。）−線または条への加ニー形状記憶効
果を与えるための熱処理などの多数の工程を経て製造さ
れる。したがってコストが極めて高いという問題も存在
した。In addition, shape memory alloys undergo melting, homogenization annealing, hot rolling,
Cold rolling - Intermediate softening (The intermediate softening process is N returned between the cold rolling process.) - Manufactured through a number of processes such as kneading into a wire or strip and heat treatment to give a shape memory effect. . Therefore, there was also the problem that the cost was extremely high.
発明の目的
それゆえに、この発明の主たる目的は、上述の欠点を解
消し、形状変化量が大きくかつ比較的広い温度範囲で連
続的な形状変化を発生する形状記憶合金部材の安価な製
造方法を提供することにある。OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide an inexpensive manufacturing method for shape memory alloy members that have a large amount of shape change and undergo continuous shape changes over a relatively wide temperature range. It is about providing.
この発明は、要約すれば、ＴＩ材とＮ１材とを密着させ
た後、加熱することにより、８Ｉ痩勾配を有するＴＩＮ
ｌ相を生成させることを特徴とでる、形状記憶合金材の
ＩＪ’ｌ造方法である。In summary, the present invention can produce a TIN material with a lean slope of 8I by bringing a TI material and an N1 material into close contact with each other and then heating the material.
This is an IJ'l manufacturing method for a shape memory alloy material, which is characterized by the generation of an l phase.
この明細−において［］−１祠」および「Ｎ１材」とは
、王１またはＮｉからなる条、枳、バイブ、板状部材あ
るいは膜状部祠などの様々な形状の材料をい）ものとす
る。In this specification, "[]-1 material" and "N1 material" refer to materials of various shapes such as strips, strings, vibrators, plate-like members, and membrane-like materials made of Ni or Ni. do.
第１図に例示的に示すように接合により密着されたＴ１
材１とＮ１材２を、加熱づると第２図に示４ように相互
拡散によりＴＩ Ｎｉ材３が生成する。ところで、この
”ｊｉＮｉ相３では、厚み方向のニッケルＩＩを示す第
３図から明らかなように、濃度勾配が存在する。すなわ
ち１“ｉＮｉＮｉ材３一な相ではなく、Ｎ１材側でニッ
ケル濃度が高くなっている。T1 closely adhered by bonding as exemplarily shown in FIG.
When material 1 and N1 material 2 are heated, TI Ni material 3 is produced by mutual diffusion as shown in FIG. 2. By the way, in this "jiNi phase 3, there is a concentration gradient, as is clear from FIG. It's getting expensive.
ところで、ＴＩＮＩ系形状記憶合金の変ｆｆｌ温度は、
その組成が０．１％ずれると約１０℃変化することが知
られている。したがって、第３図に示すような濃度勾配
を持ったＴｌＮｉ相η゛はて−の組成に応じ異なる変態
温度が連続的に分布していることになる。それゆえに、
形状の回楕ちまた温度変化に応じて連続的に発生ずる。By the way, the ffl temperature of the TINI-based shape memory alloy is
It is known that if the composition shifts by 0.1%, it changes by about 10°C. Therefore, there is a continuous distribution of different transformation temperatures depending on the composition of the TlNi phase η' having a concentration gradient as shown in FIG. Hence,
The elliptical shape also occurs continuously in response to temperature changes.
この形状変化の温度範囲は、たとえば−５０℃〜１００
℃のような極めて広い範囲にすることが可能である。こ
のように１１１度勾配を有するｌ＋Ｎｉ相３であつ又も
、均一な形状記憶合金の特徴である形状回復１および回
復力の大きさを損うことはない。ｒ１材およびＮ１材は
、第４図に示づように、バイ°ブ状のＮ１材２に、’Ｉ
Ｉ １１を挿入・接合づ−ることにより密着させても
よい。これを加熱１”れば、第５図に示Ｊにうに、Ｔｉ
線′１とＮ１パイプ２との間に濃度勾配をｈづる１１Ｎ
ｉ相３が形成される。The temperature range for this shape change is, for example, -50°C to 100°C.
It is possible to have a very wide range such as °C. Even though the l+Ni phase 3 has a 111 degree gradient as described above, it does not impair the shape recovery 1 and the large recovery force, which are characteristics of a uniform shape memory alloy. The r1 material and the N1 material are attached to the bib-shaped N1 material 2 as shown in FIG.
They may be brought into close contact by inserting and bonding I11. If this is heated 1", the Ti
A concentration gradient of 11N is created between line '1 and N1 pipe 2.
i-phase 3 is formed.
このように、１１月とＮｉ材との「密着」は、接合、湿
式めっき、乾式めっきおよび蒸ηなどの様々な公知の手
段により達成され１９るっ好ましくは、１１材とＮｉ材
との接合後、冷間もしく ＬＪ湿温間少なくとも１０％
以上の断面率で加工が行なわれるっこの加１（にに加熱
することにより濃度勾配を拮つｌ：＝１−ＩＮＩ相が得
られる。冷間または温間で少なくとも１０％以上の断面
率で加工を施すことにより、加工の困難なＴＩ Ｎ１合
金となってからの加ＩＩを減らプことができ、所望の形
状の合金部材をより一層容易に轡ることが可能となる。As described above, the "adhesion" between the material and the Ni material is achieved by various known means such as bonding, wet plating, dry plating, and steaming. After that, cold or LJ humidity at least 10%
In this case, processing is carried out with a cross-section ratio of at least 10% (1). By performing the processing, it is possible to reduce the addition of the TI N1 alloy, which is difficult to process, and it becomes possible to more easily form an alloy member in a desired shape.
この発明のその他の特徴は、以下の詳細な説明にＪ：り
一層明らかとなろう。Other features of the invention will become more apparent from the detailed description below.
実施例の説明
友瀝例１
厚さＱ、５１１１１１１．幅５１１１１の１１条とＮ１
条と各重ね、温間几延および冷間辻延にて全体を厚さ０
゜５ｍｍに接合し、た後、真空中で１１００℃の澗喰で
９０時間加熱した。第６図に示１ように、このようにし
て作成した条１０を、平たい形状に固定し、５００℃で
１５分間加熱した。次に、液体窒素（−１９６℃）に浸
漬しつつ、９０″の曲げ角度を有するように曲げ変形し
加熱したところ、−５０“０から形状回復が始まり、１
００”Ｃの濡ＦＪで完全に元の平らな形状に戻った。Description of Examples Example 1 Thickness Q, 5111111. 11th article with a width of 51111 and N1
The overall thickness is 0 through warm rolling and cold rolling.
After bonding to a thickness of 5 mm, they were heated in a vacuum at 1100° C. for 90 hours. As shown in FIG. 6, the strip 10 thus produced was fixed in a flat shape and heated at 500° C. for 15 minutes. Next, while immersed in liquid nitrogen (-196°C), it was bent and deformed to have a bending angle of 90" and heated. The shape recovery started from -50"0, and 1
After wet FJ at 00''C, it completely returned to its original flat shape.
実施例
内径１１ＩＩＩｎ、肉厚０．２１の「ｉパイプに外径０
゜９ｍｍのＮ１線を住人し、外径が０．８ＩＩＩＩ１１
となるまで伸線し、９５０℃の湯境で１００時間加熱し
た。Example: I-pipe with an inner diameter of 11IIIn and a wall thickness of 0.21 has an outer diameter of 0.
゜9mm N1 wire, outer diameter 0.8III11
The wire was drawn until it became , and heated in a hot water bath at 950°C for 100 hours.
このようにしＣ得た線を外１１０１１１１１１のステン
レス棒に台に巻回固定し、４００℃の湿度で３０分間加
熱した。次に、液体窒素中Ｃ引沖ばし加工を施し加熱し
たところ、−２０℃からコイルが縮み始め、８０℃の温
１良で完全にんの密なコイルに戻った。The wire obtained in this way was wound around a stainless steel rod (110111111) and fixed on a stand, and heated at 400° C. and humidity for 30 minutes. Next, when the coil was subjected to C drawing process and heated in liquid nitrogen, the coil began to shrink at -20°C and returned to a completely dense coil at 80°C.
Ｌ直１−
外径１．５ｍｎ＋のＦ）線に電気めっきによりＮ１を厚
さＱ、３ｍｍとなるように付着させ、これを１゜８１１
１１１１の外径を有するように伸線した後、１０ （、
） ０℃の温度て８０８．’ｒ間間中空中おいて加熱し
た。作成し！ζ線を直線状に固定して、４５０℃の湿度
で２０分間加熱し、直線形状を記憶させた。このように
して青た直線形状の合金部材を、トライアイスーエヂル
アルコール液中で曲げ変形した後、加熱したところ、−
２０℃の温度で形状の回復が始まり、９０℃で完全に元
の直線形状に戻った。L straight 1 - F) wire with outer diameter 1.5mm+ is coated with N1 to a thickness Q of 3mm by electroplating, and this is 1°811
After drawing the wire to have an outer diameter of 1111,
) At a temperature of 0℃808. The mixture was heated in the air for a period of 30 minutes. make! The zeta line was fixed in a straight line and heated at 450° C. humidity for 20 minutes to memorize the straight line shape. In this way, after bending and deforming the blue linear alloy member in the Tri-I-E-Dil alcohol solution, when it was heated, -
The shape began to recover at a temperature of 20°C and completely returned to its original linear shape at 90°C.
発明の効果
以上のように、この発明によれば、Ｔｉ材とＮｉ材とを
密着させた後、加熱することにより′ＩＡｒ！ｌ勾配を
有する丁ＩＮ１相を生成させるものであるため、変Ｒｍ
度が連続的に変化し、そのため形状が広い温度範囲にわ
たり連続的に変化する形状記憶合金部材を得ることが可
能となる。また、変態温度が連続的に分布しているので
、加熱過程において任意の温度で一義的にその形状を決
定することができるため、形状回復量を任意に制御し得
る。Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, by heating the Ti material and the Ni material after bringing them into close contact with each other, 'IAr! Since it generates a phase with a gradient of Rm
It is therefore possible to obtain a shape memory alloy member whose temperature changes continuously and whose shape changes continuously over a wide temperature range. In addition, since the transformation temperature is continuously distributed, the shape can be uniquely determined at any temperature during the heating process, so the amount of shape recovery can be arbitrarily controlled.
また、形状記憶効果を□用いるものであるため、形状回
ｍｍおよび回復力に優れた形状記憶合金部材を得ること
が可能となる。さらに、この発明の製造方法では、Ｔ１
材およびＮ１材を密着させた侵、反応拡散によりＴＩ
Ｎｉ材を得るものであるため、加エエ稈が極めて単純で
あり、したがって形状記憶合金部材のコストを極めて効
果的に低減し得る。Moreover, since the shape memory effect is used, it is possible to obtain a shape memory alloy member having excellent shape rotation mm and recovery force. Furthermore, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, T1
TI is achieved by penetration and reaction diffusion when the material and N1 material are brought into close contact with each other.
Since the Ni material is obtained, the processing process is extremely simple, and therefore the cost of the shape memory alloy member can be extremely effectively reduced.
この発明の方法は、バイメタル、感温素子、および各種
のアクチュエータなどを製造するのに有利に用いられ得
る。The method of the present invention can be advantageously used to manufacture bimetals, temperature-sensitive elements, various actuators, and the like.
第１図および第２図は、この発明の製造方法を説明プる
ための概゛略断面図であり、第１図は反応拡散前の状態
を、第２図はＴＩ Ｎｉ材が生成した状態を示す図であ
る。第３図は、第２図の形状記憶合金部材におけるｌ
Ｎｉ材の１１度勾配を示づグラフである。１４図および
第５図は、この発明の方法の他の例を説明するための概
略斜視図であり、第４図は拡散前の状態を、第５図はＴ
Ｉ Ｎｉ材が生成した状態を示す図である。第６図は、
この発明の一実施例を説明するための概略平面図である
。
図において、１はＴ１材、２はＮ１材、３はＴｌＮｉ相
を示す。
特許出願人 住友電気工業株式会社
−２１：
掬 ６図
−２１４−
δＯ″ＣFigures 1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the manufacturing method of the present invention, with Figure 1 showing the state before reaction and diffusion, and Figure 2 showing the state after the TI Ni material has been produced. FIG. FIG. 3 shows l in the shape memory alloy member of FIG.
It is a graph showing an 11 degree slope of Ni material. 14 and 5 are schematic perspective views for explaining other examples of the method of the present invention, FIG. 4 shows the state before diffusion, and FIG. 5 shows the state before diffusion.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which I Ni material is generated. Figure 6 shows
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view for explaining one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 indicates T1 material, 2 indicates N1 material, and 3 indicates TlNi phase. Patent applicant Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.-21: Scoop Figure 6-214- δO″C
Claims (3)
熱づることにより濃度勾配を有するｌ’ｉＮｉ相を生成
させることを特徴とする、形状記憶合金の製造方法。(1) A method for producing a shape memory alloy, which comprises bringing the -1 material into close contact with N11fl and then heating it to generate an l'iNi phase having a concentration gradient.
６よびＮ１の条、線またはパイプを接合づることにより
なされる、特許請求の範囲第１項記載の形状記憶合金の
製造方法。(2) The adhesion between the i material and the Ni material is as described in 1-1 above.
A method for manufacturing a shape memory alloy according to claim 1, which is performed by joining strips, wires, or pipes of 6 and N1.
またはＮ１材にＮ１またはＴｉを乾式または湿式めっき
することによりなされる、特許請求の範囲第１項記載の
形状記憶合金の製造方法。 （４ン 前記１１材とＮ１月とを密着し、冷間または温
間において少なくとも１０％以上の断面率（゛加工した
後に、前記加熱が行なわれる、特許請求の範囲第１項な
いし第３項のいずれかに記載の形状記憶合金の製造方法
。(3) The adhesion between the Ti material and the Ni material is as follows.
Alternatively, the method for producing a shape memory alloy according to claim 1, which is performed by dry or wet plating N1 or Ti on N1 material. (4) The material 11 and the material N1 are brought into close contact with each other and have a cross-section ratio of at least 10% or more in cold or warm working. A method for producing a shape memory alloy according to any one of the above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23208282A JPS59116342A (en) | 1982-12-24 | 1982-12-24 | Production of shape memory alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23208282A JPS59116342A (en) | 1982-12-24 | 1982-12-24 | Production of shape memory alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59116342A true JPS59116342A (en) | 1984-07-05 |
Family
ID=16933707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23208282A Pending JPS59116342A (en) | 1982-12-24 | 1982-12-24 | Production of shape memory alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59116342A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60145342A (en) * | 1984-01-05 | 1985-07-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Alloy having concentration gradient in composition |
| US5004143A (en) * | 1986-07-31 | 1991-04-02 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing clad bar |
| GB2238320A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1991-05-29 | Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd | Ni-Ti alloy production |
| US5242759A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1993-09-07 | Cook Incorporated | Joint, a laminate, and a method of preparing a nickel-titanium alloy member surface for bonding to another layer of metal |
| US5354623A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1994-10-11 | Cook Incorporated | Joint, a laminate, and a method of preparing a nickel-titanium alloy member surface for bonding to another layer of metal |
| US6689486B2 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2004-02-10 | Ken K. Ho | Bimorphic, compositionally-graded, sputter-deposited, thin film shape memory device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49114389A (en) * | 1973-02-27 | 1974-10-31 | ||
| JPS5152944A (en) * | 1974-11-06 | 1976-05-11 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Arupaamugokinno seizoho |
| JPS5857944A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-04-06 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Composite metallic pipe and its manufacture |
| JPS5983735A (en) * | 1982-11-05 | 1984-05-15 | Nippon Gakki Seizo Kk | Preparation of frame parts of spectacles |
-
1982
- 1982-12-24 JP JP23208282A patent/JPS59116342A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49114389A (en) * | 1973-02-27 | 1974-10-31 | ||
| JPS5152944A (en) * | 1974-11-06 | 1976-05-11 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Arupaamugokinno seizoho |
| JPS5857944A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-04-06 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Composite metallic pipe and its manufacture |
| JPS5983735A (en) * | 1982-11-05 | 1984-05-15 | Nippon Gakki Seizo Kk | Preparation of frame parts of spectacles |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60145342A (en) * | 1984-01-05 | 1985-07-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Alloy having concentration gradient in composition |
| US5004143A (en) * | 1986-07-31 | 1991-04-02 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing clad bar |
| GB2238320A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1991-05-29 | Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd | Ni-Ti alloy production |
| US5242759A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1993-09-07 | Cook Incorporated | Joint, a laminate, and a method of preparing a nickel-titanium alloy member surface for bonding to another layer of metal |
| US5354623A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1994-10-11 | Cook Incorporated | Joint, a laminate, and a method of preparing a nickel-titanium alloy member surface for bonding to another layer of metal |
| US6689486B2 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2004-02-10 | Ken K. Ho | Bimorphic, compositionally-graded, sputter-deposited, thin film shape memory device |
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