JPS5910539Y2 - air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案は、冬期冷房運転を可能とした空気調和機、詳し
くは熱源側熱交換器を空気熱交換器とし、この熱交換器
を側路するバイパス回路を設け、このバイパス回路に高
圧制御弁を介装して、冬期に冷房運転可能とした空気調
和機に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention is an air conditioner that enables cooling operation in winter. Specifically, the heat exchanger on the heat source side is an air heat exchanger, and a bypass circuit is provided to bypass this heat exchanger. The present invention relates to an air conditioner that has a high-pressure control valve installed in a bypass circuit to enable cooling operation in winter.

一般に、ビル内で熱負荷を用いる厨房室などにおいては
、冬期でも冷房する必要があり、従来前記したごとく高
圧制御弁を設けて冬期に冷房運転可能とした空気調和機
が提供されている。Generally, kitchens and the like in buildings that use heat loads need to be cooled even in the winter, and as described above, air conditioners have been provided that are equipped with a high-pressure control valve and can perform cooling operations in the winter.

即ちこの空気調和機は、前記したごとく高圧制御弁を用
い、冬期冷房時、高圧圧力が所定以下になると、前記高
圧制御弁を動作させ、空気側熱交換器をバイパスさせて
、高圧低下を防止し、冬期における冷房運転を可能にし
ている。That is, this air conditioner uses a high-pressure control valve as described above, and when the high-pressure pressure falls below a predetermined level during winter cooling, the high-pressure control valve is operated to bypass the air side heat exchanger to prevent a high pressure drop. This makes it possible to operate the air conditioner in the winter.

所が以上の冷房運転を停止する場合、温度の低い外気に
より前記熱交換器が冷却されるので、冷媒配管系内の冷
媒の大部分が前記熱交換器に溜り、外気温度まで冷却さ
れることになる。When the above cooling operation is stopped, the heat exchanger is cooled by the low-temperature outside air, so most of the refrigerant in the refrigerant piping system accumulates in the heat exchanger and is cooled to the outside air temperature. become.

従って起動時、受液器内には、液冷媒が殆んどなく、ま
た前記熱交換器の熱容量も大きいため、凝縮圧力を前記
高圧制御弁のセット値まで上げられず、その結果前記高
圧制御弁が動作したよ・となってホットガスのみが受液
器に流れる回路構我となり、遂には低圧圧力が異常に低
下し、圧縮機が停止してしまう問題があった。Therefore, at startup, there is almost no liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiver, and the heat capacity of the heat exchanger is large, so the condensing pressure cannot be raised to the set value of the high pressure control valve, and as a result, the high pressure control valve The valve was activated, resulting in a circuit configuration in which only hot gas flowed to the liquid receiver, resulting in an abnormal drop in low pressure and the problem of the compressor stopping.

この問題に対しては、冷媒充填量を増加することにより
、解決できるが、コスト高となる別の問題が生じ、前記
した問題点の解決法としては好ましいものでなかった。Although this problem can be solved by increasing the amount of refrigerant charged, another problem arises that increases the cost, and this is not a preferable solution to the above-mentioned problem.

本考案は、以上の問題に鑑み考案したもので、前記バイ
パス回路に、冬期冷房運転の起動時、前記バイパス回路
を閉じる開閉弁を設け、ホットガスを、空気側熱交換器
に、強制的に導入させ、前記熱交換器に貯溜されている
液冷媒を流出させて、受液器に冷媒を移動させ、冷媒充
填量を増加することなく、また受液器を大容量とするこ
となく前記した従来の問題点を解消したのである。The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems.The bypass circuit is provided with an on-off valve that closes the bypass circuit at the start of winter cooling operation, and hot gas is forced to flow into the air-side heat exchanger. The liquid refrigerant stored in the heat exchanger is caused to flow out, and the refrigerant is transferred to the liquid receiver, without increasing the amount of refrigerant charged or increasing the capacity of the liquid receiver. This solved the problems of the conventional method.

以下本考案の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

図面に示したものは空冷ヒートポンプ式空気調和機であ
って、１は圧縮機、２は四路切換弁、３は熱源となる空
気側熱交換器、４は受液器、５は利用側となる水側熱交
換器、６はアキュムレータであり、また７は冷房用膨張
弁、８は該膨張弁７を側路するバイパス管９に介装した
逆止弁、１０は暖房用膨張弁、１１は、この膨張弁１０
を側路するバイパス管１２に介装した逆止弁である。The drawing shows an air-cooled heat pump type air conditioner, in which 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way switching valve, 3 is an air side heat exchanger that serves as a heat source, 4 is a liquid receiver, and 5 is a user side. 6 is an accumulator, 7 is an expansion valve for cooling, 8 is a check valve installed in a bypass pipe 9 bypassing the expansion valve 7, 10 is an expansion valve for heating, 11 is this expansion valve 10
This is a check valve installed in the bypass pipe 12 that bypasses the flow.

しかして以上の各機器は、冷媒配管１３により各連結さ
れ、冷房時には実線矢印のごとく冷媒を循環させ、暖房
時には点線矢印のごとく冷媒を循環させて、前記水側熱
交換器５に接続するファンコイルユニットなどの二次側
空気調和機（図示せず）により、冷房及び暖房が行なえ
るようにしており、また前記四路切換弁２を空気側熱交
換器３との間からは、前記熱交換器３を側路し、前記受
液器４に至るバイパス回路１４を設け、このバイパス回
路１４に、高圧制御弁１５を介装して、冬期に冷房運転
が行なえるようにしている。The above-mentioned devices are connected to each other by refrigerant piping 13, and a fan connected to the water side heat exchanger 5 circulates the refrigerant as shown by the solid line arrow during cooling and as shown by the dotted line arrow during heating. A secondary air conditioner (not shown) such as a coil unit is used to perform cooling and heating, and the four-way switching valve 2 is connected to the air-side heat exchanger 3 to remove the heat. A bypass circuit 14 bypassing the exchanger 3 and reaching the liquid receiver 4 is provided, and a high pressure control valve 15 is interposed in the bypass circuit 14 to enable cooling operation in winter.

図面に示したものは、以上の如く構或する空気調和機に
おいて、前記バイパス回路１４に、冬期における冷房運
転の起動時、一定時間（約５分）前記バイパス回路１４
を閉じる電磁開閉弁１６を設けたのである。What is shown in the drawing is an air conditioner configured as described above, in which the bypass circuit 14 is connected to the bypass circuit 14 for a certain period of time (approximately 5 minutes) when starting the cooling operation in winter.
An electromagnetic on-off valve 16 is provided to close the valve.

前記高圧制御弁１５は、冬期冷房運転時高圧圧力が所定
圧力（例えば１３〜１４ ｋｇ／ｃｒｎ”）以上のとき
、閉じて冷媒を前記空気側熱交換器３に流し、前記高圧
圧力が所定圧力以下になると前記バイパス回路１４を開
いて、ホットガスを受液器４側にバイパスさせるもので
、このバイパス時、ホットガスは、前記空気側熱交換器
３に流れることはない。The high-pressure control valve 15 closes when the high-pressure pressure is equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure (for example, 13 to 14 kg/crn'') during winter cooling operation, allowing the refrigerant to flow into the air-side heat exchanger 3, so that the high-pressure pressure becomes a predetermined pressure. When the temperature is below, the bypass circuit 14 is opened to bypass the hot gas to the liquid receiver 4 side, and during this bypass, the hot gas does not flow to the air side heat exchanger 3.

又前記開閉弁１６は、たとえば外気温度サーモと冷房運
転の運転スイッチとを連動させ、冬期の外気温度が低い
ときの冷房運転の起動時必らず閉じるようにすると共に
、主としてタイマーを用い、起動後一定時間（例えば５
分）経過した後開くようにするのであって、冬期冷房運
転の起動時、殆んどの冷媒が前記空気側熱交換器３に貯
溜されていて、前記高圧制御弁１５のセット値まで凝縮
圧力が上昇していなくとも、圧縮機１がらのホットガス
を全量前記空気側熱交換器３に流し、このホットガスの
流入により、前記空気側熱交換器３内に貯溜している液
冷媒を強制的に受液器４に流出させられるのである。In addition, the on-off valve 16 is configured such that, for example, an outside air temperature thermometer is linked with an operation switch for cooling operation, so that it always closes when starting the cooling operation when the outside air temperature is low in winter, and also mainly uses a timer to close the operation switch for cooling operation. After a certain period of time (for example, 5
minutes), and when the winter cooling operation is started, most of the refrigerant is stored in the air-side heat exchanger 3 and the condensation pressure reaches the set value of the high-pressure control valve 15. Even if the temperature is not rising, the entire amount of hot gas from the compressor 1 flows into the air-side heat exchanger 3, and the inflow of this hot gas forces the liquid refrigerant stored in the air-side heat exchanger 3. The liquid is then flowed out into the liquid receiver 4.

従って起動時、低圧圧力が異常に低下することなく、確
実に起動できるのである。Therefore, during startup, the low pressure does not drop abnormally and the startup can be performed reliably.

尚以上説明した実施例は、前記開閉弁１６の開動作は、
タイマーにより制御しているが、その他受液器４の冷媒
溜量を検知する検知器を設け前記溜量が一定以上になっ
たとき、開動作させるようにしてもよい。In the embodiment described above, the opening operation of the on-off valve 16 is as follows:
Although it is controlled by a timer, a detector may be provided to detect the amount of refrigerant stored in the receiver 4, and the opening operation may be performed when the amount of stored refrigerant exceeds a certain level.

また前記受液器４の上方とアキュムレータ６との間に均
圧管１７を設け、この均圧管１７に、前記開閉弁１６を
連動して開く電磁開閉弁１８を設け、起動時前記バイパ
ス回路１４の開閉弁１６とともに均圧管１７の開閉弁１
８を開くことにより、前記空気側熱交換器３に貯溜する
冷媒を前記受液器４に一層円滑かつ迅速に流出させられ
る。Further, a pressure equalizing pipe 17 is provided between the upper part of the liquid receiver 4 and the accumulator 6, and an electromagnetic on-off valve 18 that opens in conjunction with the on-off valve 16 is provided in this pressure equalizing pipe 17, so that the bypass circuit 14 is closed at startup. On-off valve 1 of pressure equalizing pipe 17 along with on-off valve 16
By opening 8, the refrigerant stored in the air side heat exchanger 3 can flow out to the liquid receiver 4 more smoothly and quickly.

以上の如く本考案によると、冬期冷房運転が行なえなが
ら、この運転を停止した後起動するとき、空気側熱交換
器に殆んどの冷媒が貯溜されていても、受液器に冷媒を
強制的に流出させられ、従って低圧圧力が異常に低下し
て、運転が停止する不都合は確実に解消できるのであっ
て、受液器を大容量として冷媒を必要以上に充填しなく
とも、冬期の冷房運転を円滑に起動させられるのである
。As described above, according to the present invention, although winter cooling operation can be performed, when the operation is stopped and then started, refrigerant is forced into the liquid receiver even if most of the refrigerant is stored in the air side heat exchanger. The inconvenience of operation stopping due to an abnormal drop in low-pressure pressure can be reliably solved, and cooling operation in winter can be improved without having to make the liquid receiver large-capacity and fill it with more refrigerant than necessary. This allows you to start up smoothly.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面は本考案の実施例を示す冷媒配管系統図である。 ３・・・・・・空気側熱交換器、１４・・・・・・バイ
パス回路、１５・・・・・・高圧制御弁、１６・・・・
・・開閉弁。The drawing is a refrigerant piping system diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 3...Air side heat exchanger, 14...Bypass circuit, 15...High pressure control valve, 16...
・Opening/closing valve.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 空気側熱交換器及び該熱交換器を側路するバイパス回路
を備え、該バイパス回路に高圧制御弁を介装し、冬期冷
房運転可能とした空気調和機において、前記バイパス回
路に、冬期冷房運転の起動時、前記バイパス回路を閉じ
る開閉弁を設けたことを特徴とする空気調和機。In an air conditioner that is equipped with an air-side heat exchanger and a bypass circuit that bypasses the heat exchanger, and in which a high-pressure control valve is interposed in the bypass circuit to enable winter cooling operation, the bypass circuit is configured to perform winter cooling operation. An air conditioner comprising an on-off valve that closes the bypass circuit when the air conditioner starts.