JPS59103580A - Rectifier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently reduce the equivalent disturbing current irrespective of a notch by increasing the transformer reactance of specific secondary winding of split secondary windings of a transformer. CONSTITUTION:A power side terminal of the primary winding of an AC transformer 4 is connected to a trolley wire 1 through a breaker 3 and a pantograph 2. The transformer 4 has secondary windings 4-1-4-m split in multiple number to reduce the harmonic components contained in the primary current. These windings 4-1-4-m are respectively connected to input terminals of semiconductor converters 5-1-5-m capable of operating as an inverter, and the output terminals of the converters 5-1-5-m are connected to a drive motor 7 for a railcar through smoothing reactors 6 connected in cascade. The transformer reactance of the specific secondary winding having high using frequency of the windings 4-1-4-m is increased.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、整流装置のうち、特に多分割した２次巻線を
もつ変圧器のそれぞれの２次巻線に半導体変換器を接続
し、これらを縦続接続して整流出力を取シ出す交流電気
車用整流装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rectifying device, in particular, a transformer having a multi-divided secondary winding, in which a semiconductor converter is connected to each secondary winding, and these are connected in cascade to perform rectification. This invention relates to a rectifier for AC electric vehicles that extracts output.

第１図は、この種の整流装置の基本的な構成を・示すも
ので、交流変圧器４の１次巻線の電源側端子は遮断器３
およびパンタグラフ２を介して架線ｌに接続され、変圧
器４の２次側には、１次電流に含捷れる高調波成分を少
々くするために多分割された２次巻線４−１＋４−２．
・・・・・・４−ｍを備え、これらの２次巻線４−１．
４−２．・・・・・・４−ｍはインバータ動作可能な半
導体変換器５−１゜５−２．・・・・・・５−ｍのそれ
ぞれの入力端子に接続され、各変換器５−１．５−２’
、・・・・・・５−ｍの出力端子は縦続接続されて平滑
リアクトル６を介して電気車駆動電動機７に接続されて
いる。なお、変圧器４は、駆動電動機７以外の負荷８に
供給する電力を発生する３次巻線９を備えている。Figure 1 shows the basic configuration of this type of rectifier, in which the power supply side terminal of the primary winding of the AC transformer 4 is connected to the circuit breaker 3.
The secondary winding 4-1+4- is connected to the overhead line 1 via the pantograph 2, and on the secondary side of the transformer 4 is a multi-divided secondary winding 4-1+4- to reduce harmonic components included in the primary current. 2.
...4-m, and these secondary windings 4-1.
4-2. . . . 4-m is a semiconductor converter 5-1, 5-2, which can be operated by an inverter. ...... 5-m, each converter 5-1.5-2'
, . . . 5-m are cascade-connected and connected to an electric vehicle drive motor 7 via a smoothing reactor 6. Note that the transformer 4 includes a tertiary winding 9 that generates power to be supplied to a load 8 other than the drive motor 7.

ところで、この種の変圧器で２次巻線の分割数と高調波
電流の関係の一例を第２図に示す。交流電気車では一般
に高調波電流の評価に等価妨害電流を用いておシ、第２
図はこの等価妨害電流Ｊｌ）と分割数の関係を示したも
のである。この第２図から分割数を増せば等価妨害電流
Ｊｐが低減することがわかる。Incidentally, FIG. 2 shows an example of the relationship between the number of divisions of the secondary winding and harmonic current in this type of transformer. In AC electric vehicles, the equivalent disturbance current is generally used to evaluate the harmonic current.
The figure shows the relationship between this equivalent disturbance current Jl) and the number of divisions. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that as the number of divisions is increased, the equivalent disturbance current Jp is reduced.

一方、交流電気車は運転速度に対応したノツチに応じて
整流器の出力電圧すなわち変圧器４０２次巻線の使用数
が異なシ、例えば変圧器２次巻線数か４個の場合のノツ
チと使用巻線数の関係は次表のようになる。On the other hand, in AC electric cars, the output voltage of the rectifier, that is, the number of secondary windings used in the transformer, differs depending on the notch corresponding to the operating speed. The relationship between the number of windings is shown in the table below.

○印が使用している状態を示す。○ indicates the state in which it is used.

この表からもわかるように、変圧器４の２次巻線を高調
波電流低減のために４分割しても４分割の動作が用いら
れるのは４ノツチのみであり、３ノツチでは分割数が３
．２ノツチては分割数が２．１ノツチでは分割数が１と
いうようにノツチの状態によっては２次巻線分割による
高調波低減効果は少なくなってしまう。As can be seen from this table, even if the secondary winding of transformer 4 is divided into four to reduce harmonic current, only the four-notch operation uses four-notch operation, and the number of divisions is smaller in three-notch. 3
．． In the case of 2 notches, the number of divisions is 2.1, and the number of divisions is 1. Depending on the state of the notches, the harmonic reduction effect due to the division of the secondary winding may be reduced.

さらに、この種の電気車では変圧器２次巻線数、電圧な
どは、電源電圧最小など最も悪い条件でも最大の運転速
度を保てるように設計されているので、通常では全巻線
を使用しない運転となることが多い。Furthermore, in this type of electric vehicle, the number of secondary windings and voltage of the transformer are designed to maintain the maximum operating speed even under the worst conditions, such as the lowest power supply voltage, so it is normal to operate the transformer without using all the windings. This is often the case.

まだ、変圧器４のリアクタンスと等価妨害電流Ｊｐの関
係は第３図に示すようにリアクタンスが小さくなると等
価妨害電流Ｊｐは増大する。変圧器４のリアクタンスを
増大させれば等価妨害電流Ｊｐは低減するが、車両性能
からのリアクタンスの最大値は？＋＋＋１限されている
。However, as shown in FIG. 3, the relationship between the reactance of the transformer 4 and the equivalent disturbance current Jp is such that as the reactance decreases, the equivalent disturbance current Jp increases. Increasing the reactance of transformer 4 will reduce the equivalent disturbance current Jp, but what is the maximum value of reactance based on vehicle performance? +++1 limited.

変圧器４の使用２次巻線数と変圧器リアクタンスの関係
は、車両特性から一般に第４図に示すようにノツチにほ
ぼ比例した変圧器リアクタンスにしている。The relationship between the number of secondary windings used in the transformer 4 and the transformer reactance is generally such that the transformer reactance is approximately proportional to the notch, as shown in FIG. 4, in view of vehicle characteristics.

以上のことから従来の整流装置では、例えば２ノツチ、
３ノツチ等の中位ノツチでの運転の場合、変圧器２次巻
線の多分割による等価妨害電流の低減効果は少なく、さ
らに変圧器リアクタンスが小さくなっているので一層等
価妨害電流の十分な低減効果は期待できない。From the above, in the conventional rectifier, for example, two notches,
In the case of operation at a medium notch such as 3-notch, the effect of reducing the equivalent disturbance current due to multi-division of the transformer secondary winding is small, and furthermore, since the transformer reactance is small, the equivalent disturbance current can be reduced even more. The effect cannot be expected.

また、等価妨害電流評価として全運転範囲の累積頻度値
で評価する場合、中位ノツチの運転が多いとこの等価妨
害電流値Ｊｐが大きいものとなる。Furthermore, when evaluating the equivalent disturbance current using cumulative frequency values over the entire operating range, the equivalent disturbance current value Jp becomes large when there is a large number of medium-notch operations.

本発明の目的はかかる従来例の不都合を解消し、ノツチ
の如何にかかわらず効率的に等価妨害電流を低減てきる
交流電気車用の整流装置を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a rectifier for an AC electric vehicle that can eliminate the disadvantages of the conventional example and efficiently reduce the equivalent disturbance current regardless of the notch.

しかしてこの目的は本発明によれば、変圧器の２次巻線
を複数個に分割し、各分割２次巻線に半２Ｄ体変換器を
接続し、これらの変換器を縦続接続して整流出力を取シ
出す整流装置において、変圧器の分割２次巻線のうち特
定のものだけが使用されることを想定し、その特定２次
巻線の変圧器リアクタンスを増大させるように配置構成
することにより達成される。However, according to the present invention, the purpose of the lever is to divide the secondary winding of the transformer into a plurality of parts, connect a semi-2D body converter to each divided secondary winding, and connect these converters in cascade. In a rectifier that takes out a rectified output, it is assumed that only a specific one of the divided secondary windings of a transformer is used, and the arrangement is configured to increase the transformer reactance of that specific secondary winding. This is achieved by

以下、本発明の実施例を図面について説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第５図〜第７図は第１図に示す整流装置においてそれぞ
れ本発明による２次巻線を４分割した場合の変圧器４の
リアクタンス特性を示すもので、第５図は２ノツチの変
圧器リアクタンスを増大せしめた場合、第６図は３ノツ
チの変圧器リアクタンスを増大せしめた場合、第７図は
２ノツチ及び３ノツチの変圧器リアクタンスを増大せし
めた場合である。5 to 7 show the reactance characteristics of the transformer 4 when the secondary winding according to the present invention is divided into four parts in the rectifier shown in FIG. When reactance is increased, FIG. 6 shows a case where the reactance of a 3-notch transformer is increased, and FIG. 7 shows a case where the reactance of a 2-notch and a 3-notch transformer is increased.

このように本発明装置は使用頻度の高い特定ノツチの変
圧器リアクタンスを増大するようにした。In this way, the device of the present invention increases the transformer reactance of a specific notch that is frequently used.

かかる変圧器リアクタンスは各２次巻線および１次巻線
の配置によって自由に得ることができる。Such a transformer reactance can be freely obtained by the arrangement of the respective secondary and primary windings.

第８図は第５図に示す変圧器に相当する整流装置のノツ
チと等価妨害電流Ｊｐの関係の一例を示すもので、破線
が前記第４図の従来例に対応し、実線が本発明によるも
のである。このように、本発明は従来のものに比べて効
果的に等価妨害電流Ｊｐを低減できる。FIG. 8 shows an example of the relationship between the notch of the rectifier corresponding to the transformer shown in FIG. 5 and the equivalent disturbance current Jp, where the broken line corresponds to the conventional example shown in FIG. It is something. As described above, the present invention can effectively reduce the equivalent interference current Jp compared to the conventional method.

以上述べたように本発明の整流装置は、変圧器の重量、
寸法、価格の増大を生じることや整流装置自体が何等か
の制約を受けることなしに高調波電流の低減性能を向上
させることができるものである０ なお、上記実施例では多分割２次巻線をもつ単相交流変
圧器の例で説明したが、多分割２次巻線をもつ多相の交
流変圧器についても本発明を応用することか可能である
。As described above, the rectifier of the present invention has the advantage that the weight of the transformer,
It is possible to improve the harmonic current reduction performance without increasing the size or price or imposing any restrictions on the rectifier itself. Note that in the above embodiment, the multi-divided secondary winding Although the present invention has been explained using an example of a single-phase AC transformer having a multi-division secondary winding, it is also possible to apply the present invention to a multi-phase AC transformer having a multi-divided secondary winding.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

’：Ｉ’＞　］図ｋｊ、交流電気車用整流装置の基本的
構成を示す回路図、第２図は従来装置による等価妨害電
流と変圧器２次巻線分割数の相関図、第３図は変圧器リ
アクタンスと等価妨害電流との相関図、第４図は変圧器
の使用２次巻線数と変圧器リアクタンスの相関図、第５
図〜第７図はそれぞれ本発明の整流装置の変圧器のりア
クタンス特性を示す図、第８図は第５図の場合のノツチ
と等価妨害電流の相関図である。 １・・・架線　　　　　　２・・パンタグラフ；う・・
・遮断器　　　　　４・・・変圧器４−］、　　　４−
２１　　４−３ｊ　　　４−４　　・・・・・・　４−
ｍ　・・・２次巻線 ５−１．５−２．・・・・・・５−ｍ・・・変換器６・
・・平滑リアクトル　７・・・電動機８・・・負荷　　
　　　　９・・・３次巻線第８図 ノツナ':I'>] Figure kj is a circuit diagram showing the basic configuration of a rectifier for AC electric vehicles. Figure 2 is a correlation diagram between the equivalent disturbance current and the number of divisions of the transformer secondary winding using a conventional device. Figure 3 is a correlation diagram between transformer reactance and equivalent disturbance current, Figure 4 is a correlation diagram between the number of secondary windings used in a transformer and transformer reactance, and Figure 5 is a correlation diagram between transformer reactance and equivalent disturbance current.
7 to 7 are diagrams showing the transformer actance characteristics of the rectifier of the present invention, respectively, and FIG. 8 is a correlation diagram between the notch and the equivalent disturbance current in the case of FIG. 5. 1... Overhead wire 2... Pantograph; U...
・Breaker 4...Transformer 4-], 4-
21 4-3j 4-4 ・・・・・・ 4-
m...Secondary winding 5-1.5-2.・・・・・・5-m・・・Converter 6・
...Smoothing reactor 7...Electric motor 8...Load
9...Tertiary winding Figure 8 Notuna

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 変圧器の２次巻線を複数個に分割し、各分割２次巻線に
半導体変換器を接続し、これらの変換器を縦続接続して
整流出力を取り出す整流装置において、変圧器の分割２
次巻線のうち使用率の高い特定の２次巻線の変圧器リア
クタンスを増大させるように配置構成することを特＃虹
とした整流装置。In a rectifier that divides the secondary winding of a transformer into a plurality of parts, connects a semiconductor converter to each divided secondary winding, and connects these converters in cascade to extract a rectified output, the transformer is divided into two parts.
This rectifier is characterized in that it is arranged and configured to increase the transformer reactance of a specific secondary winding that has a high usage rate among the secondary windings.