JPS589155A - Developing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To solve such problems as deformation due to attachment of a reverse polarity toner to the parts surrounding a developed image, height of a magnetic brush erected by forming toner chains, and low image density, by treating the developed image with the magnetic toner by an image-correcting means. CONSTITUTION:An electrostatic latent image formed on an Se photoreceptor 1 is developed with an insulating magnetic toner. The developed image has deformation of the border of the image due to reverse-polarity toner caused by friction of the toner particles themselves present in the toner brush, or the like, and magnetic toner chains. This image is treated by an image correcting means 8 having a rotary magnetic roller 8-2 in its inside by applying bias voltage reverse in polarity to the electrostatic latent image to a sleeve 8-1. The reverse-polarity toner attaches to the sleeve 8-1, and the chains are also broken by an alternating magnetic field. As the image-correcting means, besides said means, application AC corona voltage or vibration of the photoreceptor may be used.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は一成分磁性トナーを使用する現像方法に関する
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a development method using a one-component magnetic toner.

一成分磁性酬ナーを使用する現像方法は種々知られてお
り、電荷付与という観点から分類すると、低抵抗の磁性
トナーを用い静電ｖＩ纏或いは分極により静電潜像にト
ナーを付着させる方法、あるいは高抵抗の磁性トナーを
注入、摩擦等の手段にて帯電し、静電潜像に付着させる
方法がある。Various developing methods using one-component magnetic compensation toner are known. Classified from the viewpoint of charge imparting, they can be classified as: a method in which toner is attached to an electrostatic latent image by electrostatic VI binding or polarization using a low-resistance magnetic toner; Alternatively, there is a method in which a high-resistance magnetic toner is charged by means such as injection or friction, and is made to adhere to the electrostatic latent image.

一方、静電潜像への磁性トナーの搬送供給という観点か
ら分類すると、磁石ロールを固定しスリープを回動させ
る所謂スリーブ回転方式、あるいはスリーブを固定し磁
石ロールを回動させる新編マグネット回転方式の２通り
に分類される。On the other hand, from the perspective of transporting and supplying magnetic toner to the electrostatic latent image, there are two methods: the so-called sleeve rotation method, in which the magnetic roll is fixed and the sleeve is rotated, and the new magnet rotation method, in which the sleeve is fixed and the magnetic roll is rotated. It is classified into two types.

近年、電子写真複写においては普通紙化、高速化という
要求から高抵抗磁性トナーを用いス１３−プ回転方式に
て現像する方法に関心が払われている。しかしながら上
記方式に於いて、静電潜像に付着したトナー、即ち現像
々は、トナ一層中に混在する逆極性トナー或いは固定磁
場による磁力線の影響を受け、現像々周辺部の乱れ、穂
立ち高さのむらを生じ、最終的な複写物も低品質のもの
しか得られないという欠点を有している。In recent years, in electrophotographic copying, due to the demand for plain paper and increased speed, attention has been paid to a method of developing using a 13-sp rotation method using high resistance magnetic toner. However, in the above method, the toner adhering to the electrostatic latent image, that is, the developer, is affected by toner of opposite polarity mixed in the toner layer or by magnetic lines of force caused by a fixed magnetic field, resulting in disturbances in the peripheral area of the developer, and the height of the spikes. This method has the disadvantage that it causes unevenness and that the final copy is of low quality.

本発明は上記のような公知の方式に於ける欠点を解消し
た新規な現像方法を提供することを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a new developing method that eliminates the drawbacks of the known methods as described above.

以下図面に従って本発明の詳細な説明する。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

第１図に於いて１はＳｓ系感光体ドラムを示す。In FIG. 1, numeral 1 indicates an Ss-based photosensitive drum.

帯電用コロトロン２により０５〜．５ｘｖの電圧を感光
体ドラムに印加して感光体衷面を一様に帯電する。次い
で露光ユニット３により剛健状露光を行ない、感光体表
面に静電潜像を形成する。この時ｗＩｉ鎗部電位は約ｅ
９（）Ｏｖ、非−像部電位は約（Ｅ）２００　Ｖを示す
。静ＩＩｔ潜像は次いで現像ユニット７を通過し、磁性
トナーの付着により静電潜像は可視化される。現像ユニ
ット７は回転可能なる非磁性円筒スリーブ７−１内に固
定された磁石ロール７−２を配設した＃を像ロールから
成り、スリーブ上には一成分磁性トナーによるトナーブ
ラシ７−４を形成している。なお、７−６はｔナ一層厚
規制板を兼ねたホッパーを示す。次いで転写コロ）ａン
４により転写用紙９に現像々は転写され、定着ローラ６
を経て最終複写物を得る。一方、転写が終了し、感光体
１上に残留したトナーはクリーニングユニット５により
清掃され、再び次の複写サイクルに入る。05~ by charging corotron 2. A voltage of 5xv is applied to the photoreceptor drum to uniformly charge the photoreceptor's inner surface. Next, the exposure unit 3 performs rigid exposure to form an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor. At this time, wIi lance potential is about e
9()Ov, the non-image area potential shows approximately (E)200V. The static IIIt latent image then passes through a developing unit 7, where the electrostatic latent image is made visible by the adhesion of magnetic toner. The developing unit 7 consists of an image roll having a magnet roll 7-2 fixed in a rotatable non-magnetic cylindrical sleeve 7-1, and a toner brush 7-4 made of one-component magnetic toner is mounted on the sleeve. is forming. Note that 7-6 indicates a hopper which also serves as a thickness regulating plate. Next, the developed images are transferred to the transfer paper 9 by the transfer roller A4, and the fixing roller 6
to obtain the final copy. On the other hand, when the transfer is completed, the toner remaining on the photoreceptor 1 is cleaned by the cleaning unit 5, and the next copying cycle begins again.

ここで現像部を通過して可視化された現像々を顕微鏡観
察すると、像周辺部が乱れ、文面密度が低く且つ多数の
トナーチェインが見られる。この現像前の乱れに闘し檎
々検討を行なった所以下の事から判明した。即ち現像々
周辺部の乱れは、トナーブラシ中に混在するトナー相互
の摩擦等により発生した逆極性電荷を有するドナーが、
静１１暦像の周辺部に付着することにより引き起こされ
る。When the developed images visualized after passing through the developing section are observed under a microscope, the image periphery is disordered, the text density is low, and a large number of toner chains are observed. After struggling with this disturbance before development and conducting extensive research, we found the following. In other words, the disturbance around the developing area is caused by donors with opposite polarity charges generated due to mutual friction between toners mixed in the toner brush.
It is caused by adhesion to the periphery of the Sei-11 calendar image.

又トナーチェーンに関しては現像部にて現像ロールから
感光体表面に磁性トナーがチェーン状に連らなって吸着
され、更には現像部出目付近で固定磁場に於ける磁力線
に沿った形で現像々の俵端部のトナーチェーンが引っ張
られ、画像領域からはみ出した形をとり、所請尾引きを
発生することも併せて確認された。Regarding toner chains, magnetic toner is adsorbed in a chain shape from the developing roll to the surface of the photoreceptor in the developing section, and is further developed along the lines of magnetic force in a fixed magnetic field near the developing section. It was also confirmed that the toner chain at the end of the bale was stretched and protruded from the image area, causing some trailing.

上記検討結果に基づき稙々の実験を行なった。Based on the above study results, we conducted a series of experiments.

［実験　１コ ａｓ蒸着した１１０Ｘ１０ｏのプレート上に潜像形成後
、帯電、像露光し、磁石ロール固定・スリーブ回転方式
により現像を行った。次いでプレート背部に振動手段を
配置接触させてプレートを振動した後、現像々を観察し
た所、トナーチェインがくずされ、ある程度均一な面密
度を有する修復された現像★が得られた。即ち機械的な
振動等による手段にてもチェーンのはぐし効果が得られ
ることが確認された。[Experiment] After forming a latent image on a 110×10o plate deposited by AS vapor deposition, it was charged, imagewise exposed, and developed using a magnetic roll fixation/sleeve rotation method. Next, after vibrating the plate by placing a vibrating means in contact with the back of the plate, the developed images were observed, and it was found that the toner chain was broken and a repaired developed image ★ having a somewhat uniform areal density was obtained. In other words, it has been confirmed that the effect of loosening the chain can also be obtained by means such as mechanical vibration.

［実験　２コ 実験１と同様の条件下で得た現像々にムａ：７νす（５
０Ｈ２４，５ＫＶ）ｍ圧を印加した後、現像像の観察を
実地した結果、トナーチェーンのはぐし効果と併せて、
［１！部周辺に付層していたトナーが画像周辺部に掃き
寄せられ、均一な面密度に修復された外に、周辺部のあ
れも改善され、鮮鋭度（８ｈａｒｐｍ・■）の向上も確
認された。即ち正負の電荷配列からなるトナーチェイン
を電気的処置により、換言すればＡＯによる交番電界に
よりくずすことが出来る。[Experiment 2 The developed images obtained under the same conditions as Experiment 1 had a value of 7ν (5
As a result of actually observing the developed image after applying a pressure of 0H24.5KV), it was found that in addition to the toner chain peeling effect,
[1! The toner layered around the image was swept to the periphery of the image, and not only was the surface density restored to a uniform surface density, the roughness in the periphery was also improved, and the sharpness (8 harpm・■) was also improved. . That is, a toner chain consisting of a positive and negative charge arrangement can be broken by electrical treatment, in other words, by an alternating electric field caused by the AO.

［実験　３コ 第１図の符号８で示されるロールを配置することにより
、現像々の乱れが修復される事がａ詔された。[Experiment 3] By arranging the roll shown by reference numeral 8 in FIG. 1, it was determined that the disturbances in development could be corrected.

第２図は第１図の修復ローラ８の拡大図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the repair roller 8 of FIG.

修復−−ラ８は固定された小径（２０ｍ飄φ）の非磁性
円筒スリーブ８−１内に回転可能なる磁石ロール８−２
を配設した構成から成る。即ち、現像ユニット７を通過
する間に形成された現像々は修復リーラ８による交番磁
場の作用を受け、Ｎ。Repair--The roller 8 is a rotatable magnet roll 8-2 inside a fixed non-magnetic cylindrical sleeve 8-1 with a small diameter (20 m diameter).
It consists of a configuration in which That is, the developed images formed while passing through the developing unit 7 are subjected to the action of an alternating magnetic field by the repair reeler 8.

Ｓ極と・交互に配列した形の磁気的なトナーチェーンは
交番磁場により個々の粒子に寸断される。又現像部周辺
に付着している逆極性トナーは修復ローラ用バイアス電
源！ｃ２によりトナーの電荷極性と同極性のバイアス電
圧を印加することにより、修ａ！ｏ−ラ側に電気的に吸
着される。なお、トナーの電荷極性とｒ＃ＪＩＩｉｉ性
のバイアス電圧が印加されているため、現像々の欠陥部
分即ちトナーチェイン周辺部の逆極性トナーだけが作用
を受け、現像像全体が修復ローラに転移される事はない
。又この時、修復ローラと感光体表面との距離痙は、磁
石ローラ８−２の磁束密度、バイアス電圧鳶、の選定に
より適宜決定・されるものである。バイアス電圧として
は０〜３００ｖのものが良い。Magnetic toner chains in the form of alternating south poles are shredded into individual particles by an alternating magnetic field. Also, the reverse polarity toner that adheres around the developing area is the bias power source for the repair roller! By applying a bias voltage with the same polarity as the charge polarity of the toner using c2, the repair a! It is electrically attracted to the o-ra side. Note that since a bias voltage of r#JIIIi nature is applied to the charge polarity of the toner, only the defective parts of the developed image, that is, the opposite polarity toner around the toner chain, are affected, and the entire developed image is transferred to the repair roller. There's nothing to do. At this time, the distance between the repair roller and the surface of the photoreceptor is appropriately determined by selecting the magnetic flux density of the magnet roller 8-2 and the bias voltage. A bias voltage of 0 to 300V is preferable.

なお図示してないが、スリーブ８−１に付着したトナー
を掻き取り、回収する装置を設けても良い。更にはスリ
ーブ８−１に磁性トナーによるブラシを形成し、感光体
表面と弱く接触する様な病成にし、＃を像々の修復と同
時に背景部の汚れに対するスキャベンジ効果をも付与で
きることが確ｉされた。Although not shown, a device for scraping and collecting toner adhering to the sleeve 8-1 may be provided. Furthermore, it is confirmed that by forming a brush with magnetic toner on the sleeve 8-1 and making it weakly in contact with the surface of the photoreceptor, it is possible to repair the # images and at the same time to provide a scavenging effect on the dirt in the background area. It was done.

［実験　４コ 実験３で示された修復ローラの構成を電磁石に置き替え
て、同様の実験を行なった所、実験３と同様の結果が得
られた。[Experiment 4] When a similar experiment was conducted by replacing the repair roller configuration shown in Experiment 3 with an electromagnet, the same results as Experiment 3 were obtained.

［実験　５コ 第１（支）の現像ユニット７に電荷注入用電極を配置し
て予めトナーに電荷を付与する構成にし、現像々を得、
実験２．６．４に示される処置を実施した所、トナーチ
ェインのない均一な面密度を有する高品質の現像々が得
られた。[Experiment 5] A charge injection electrode was arranged in the first (sub) developing unit 7 to apply a charge to the toner in advance, and the developed images were obtained.
The procedure shown in Experiment 2.6.4 resulted in high quality developments with uniform areal density and no toner chains.

以上、実験の結果から明らかなように、本発明によれば
一担可視化された現ｆＩｌ々に現像々修復手段、例えば
交番電界−１交番磁界形成手段、或いは振動付与手段を
作用せることにより、現像々周辺部の逆極性Ｆナー付着
に寄因する乱れ、及びトナーチェイン形成による高トナ
ー穂立ち高さ、低面密度が解消され、優れた品質の現像
々を得るどとが出来る。As is clear from the above experimental results, according to the present invention, by applying a development repair means, such as an alternating electric field-1 alternating magnetic field forming means, or a vibration imparting means, to each visualized image, Disturbances caused by the adhesion of reverse polarity F toner around the developed areas, high toner spike height and low surface density due to toner chain formation are eliminated, and developed images of excellent quality can be obtained.

以下の実施例により本発明を更に詳しく説明する。The invention will be explained in more detail by the following examples.

′実施例 感光体：ｓ＠系（画像部電圧９００　Ｖ、非−像部電圧
２００　Ｖ） 磁性トナー；抵抗値ｉ　Ｑ　　Ａ−ｏ　飄（４０ｉｃ　
Ｖ／　ｃ　ｗｒにおいて） 現像ユニット＝１８ｍｍ４非磁性円筒スリーブ（回転数
：２００ｒｐ鳳）、８極対称、８００ガウス、マグネッ
ト（固定）。'Example photoreceptor: s@ system (image area voltage 900 V, non-image area voltage 200 V) Magnetic toner; resistance value i Q A-o 飄 (40 ic
V/c wr) Development unit = 18 mm 4 non-magnetic cylindrical sleeves (rotation speed: 200 rpm), 8-pole symmetry, 800 Gauss, magnet (fixed).

１、−３００　Ｖ 修復ローラ：２０ｍ麗φ非磁性円筒スリーブ（一定）、
８極対称、６００ガウス、マグネット　（１０００ｙｐ
諷）。1, -300V Repair roller: 20m diameter non-magnetic cylindrical sleeve (constant),
8 pole symmetry, 600 gauss, magnet (1000yp
(proverb).

１２−２００　Ｖ　　　ｄＬ−１−Ｏｍ　／　ｍプロセ
ススピード：１５０ｍｍ／ｓｅａ現像結果は次表の通り
である。12-200 V dL-1-Om/m Process speed: 150 mm/sea The development results are shown in the table below.

一現像々をＯ極性の転写コロナにて転写したとき停比較
例は修復ロールを使用せずその他は実施例と同様にして
操作を行った。When the developed images were transferred using an O-polarity transfer corona, the comparative example was operated in the same manner as in the example except that no repair roll was used.

表の結果から本発明による現像々修復手段により罠引き
がなく鮮鋭度の極めて良好な画像品質の高い複写物の得
られることがわかる。From the results shown in the table, it can be seen that the development and restoration means according to the present invention makes it possible to obtain copies of high image quality with no trapping and extremely good sharpness.

以上本発明の詳細な説明したが１１本発明の実施態様を
要約すると次の通りである： １、特許請求範囲に記載の現像方法において、現像々修
復手段が交番磁界形成手段であることを特徴とする現像
方法。The present invention has been described in detail above, and the embodiments of the present invention can be summarized as follows: 1. In the developing method described in the claims, the development repair means is an alternating magnetic field forming means. A developing method.

２、特許請求範囲に記載の現像方法において、現像々修
復手段が交番電界形成手段であることを特徴とする現像
方法。2. A developing method according to the claims, characterized in that the development repair means is an alternating electric field forming means.

３、特許請求の範囲に記載の現像方法において、現像々
修復手段が振動付与手段であることを特徴とする現像方
法。3. A developing method according to the claims, characterized in that the development repair means is a vibration imparting means.

４、特許請求範囲に記載の現像方法において、交番磁界
形成手段にバイアス電圧が印加されていることを特徴と
する現像方法。4. A developing method according to the claims, characterized in that a bias voltage is applied to the alternating magnetic field forming means.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１′＆４は本発明に於ける複写工程を説明するための
概略図であり、 第２図は本発明による修復ロールを示す図であるＯ 図中符号： １・・感光体ドラム　　　２・・帯電用コロトーン６・
・露光ユニット　　　４−転写用コロトｐン５・・クリ
ーニングユニット1'& 4 are schematic diagrams for explaining the copying process in the present invention, and Figure 2 is a diagram showing a repair roll according to the present invention. Symbols in the figure: 1. Photoreceptor drum 2. Corotone 6 for charging
・Exposure unit 4-Coroto pn5 for transfer...Cleaning unit

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 静電潜像支持体上に影成された静電潜像を一成分磁性ト
ナーにて現像する方法において、現像を終了した静電潜
像支持部材表面を現像々修復手段で処理することを特徴
とする一成分磁性トナーを用いた現像方法。A method for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrostatic latent image support with a one-component magnetic toner, characterized in that the surface of the electrostatic latent image support member after development is treated with a post-development repair means. A developing method using a one-component magnetic toner.