JPS5889778A - Closed alkaline cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the deformation or leakage of a cell by pressing a cylindrical container made of zinc to the inside face of a cathode can to accommodate a cathode active material and by providing a vacuum chamber for adjusting the inner pressure to prevent an increase of the inner pressure due to gas generation. CONSTITUTION:A cylindrical container 2 with a trapezoidal cross section made by press-processing a zinc plate is coupled into the inside face of a cathode can 1 of a closed alkaline cell in the vacuum, and the periphery is welded to form a vacuum chamber 3. An electrolyte 10 and zinc amalgam powder 11 are injected into the cylindrical container 2 to form a cathode, and an anode material 7 made of silver oxide or the like is filled in an anode can 6, then the cathode is incorporated into the anode can 6, the edge of which is bent inward and is sealed through a gasket 9. Accordingly, the reduction of internal volume during sealing and the gas pressure generated in the cell after sealing can be relieved by the vacuum chamber 3, thereby deformation of the cell or leakage of the electrolyte can be effectively prevented.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 市及耐漏液性の改良に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] This relates to improving leakage resistance.

従来、アルカリ水溶液を電解液として用いた密閉型アル
カリ電池においては、その内部容積を有効に利用するた
め、亜鉛を主体とする陰極活物質からなる陰極剤とアル
カリ水溶液からなる電解液とをカスケノトを嵌着してな
る陰極内部に，隙間なく限度一杯充填している。Conventionally, in sealed alkaline batteries that use an alkaline aqueous solution as the electrolyte, in order to effectively utilize the internal volume, a cathode material made of a negative electrode active material mainly composed of zinc and an electrolyte made of an alkaline aqueous solution are mixed together. The inside of the fitted cathode is filled as much as possible without any gaps.

しかし、このような構成の密閉型アルカ＋）　％池にお
いては、電池封口時に封口曲げ加工により、陰極缶の径
方向での変形、陽極剤、ガスケント、セパレーターの高
さ方向での変形か生じ、陰極の内部容積の減少が生じ、
電池内部に閉じこめられたガスの内圧が上昇する。又、
封口佼、陰極缶σ）キズ、陰惨缶素材中の不純物、陰極
合剤中に含まれる不純物などにより放電中にガスが発生
し、電池の内圧が上昇する。このように電池内圧が上昇
した場合、従来の様に陰極部に逃げ場が無い場合は電池
内部のガス圧は経時的に増加し、この結果電池外形の変
形や電解液の漏液、さらには電池の爆発を引き起こすな
どの欠点があった。又、近年特に腕時計、電卓、カメラ
等で用いられて（・ろボタン型電池は、小型薄型化の傾
向に有り、缶、ガスケント等の各部材も上記内圧増加に
耐えるに充分な肉厚を確保する事は困難となってきてい
る。However, in a sealed alkaline cell with such a configuration, the bending process during sealing of the battery causes deformation of the cathode can in the radial direction and deformation of the anode, gasket, and separator in the height direction. A decrease in the internal volume of the cathode occurs,
The internal pressure of the gas trapped inside the battery increases. or,
Gas is generated during discharge due to scratches on the sealing can, cathode can σ), impurities in the can material, impurities contained in the cathode mixture, etc., and the internal pressure of the battery increases. When the internal pressure of the battery increases in this way, and there is no escape to the cathode as in the case of conventional batteries, the gas pressure inside the battery will increase over time, resulting in deformation of the battery's external shape, leakage of electrolyte, and further damage to the battery. It had drawbacks such as causing an explosion. In addition, in recent years, button-type batteries have been used particularly in wristwatches, calculators, cameras, etc., and there is a trend toward smaller and thinner batteries, and the components of cans, gaskets, etc. must also have sufficient wall thickness to withstand the above-mentioned increase in internal pressure. It is becoming difficult to do so.

本発明は、上記従来技術の欠点を除去し電解液の漏液、
電池の変形をな（す事を目的とし、予め陰極缶内に設け
た真空室を放電中に破壊して電池内部のガス圧を減少さ
せ、内圧上昇に起因する電解液の漏液、電池の変形、爆
発を防止した密閉型アルカリ電池を得るものである。The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the above-mentioned prior art and eliminates electrolyte leakage.
In order to prevent deformation of the battery, the vacuum chamber previously installed inside the cathode can is destroyed during discharging to reduce the gas pressure inside the battery. A sealed alkaline battery that prevents deformation and explosion is obtained.

以下、本発明の実施例島密閉型アルカリ電池を図面とと
もに説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Examples of sealed alkaline batteries according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第１図は、本発明の実施例の陰極缶及び筒型容器を示す
断面図で有り、第１図（ａ）は筒型容器を陰極缶に装着
する前の状態を示し、第１図（ｂ）は筒型容器を陰極缶
に装着した状態を示す。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a cathode can and a cylindrical container according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1(a) shows a state before the cylindrical container is attached to the cathode can, and b) shows the cylindrical container attached to the cathode can.

亜鉛を板状に成形しプレス加工にて、断面が台形状の筒
型容器２を作製し、陰極缶１の内面に真空中にて、嵌合
装置して周囲を溶接して真空室６を設ける。この時、前
記筒型容器２の肉厚、形状は使用される電池の容量によ
り選定される。A cylindrical container 2 with a trapezoidal cross section is made by molding zinc into a plate shape and press working, and a vacuum chamber 6 is created by fitting the container 2 to the inner surface of the cathode can 1 in a vacuum with a fitting device and welding the periphery. establish. At this time, the thickness and shape of the cylindrical container 2 are selected depending on the capacity of the battery used.

第２図は本発明の他の実施例による陰極缶及び筒型容器
を示す断面図であり、第２図（ａ）は筒型容器を示し、
第２図（ｂ）は筒型容器を陰極缶に装着した状態を示し
ている。この実施例は筒型容器以外は第１図の実施例と
同じなので以下筒型容器についてのべる。FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a cathode can and a cylindrical container according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2(a) shows the cylindrical container;
FIG. 2(b) shows the cylindrical container attached to the cathode can. This embodiment is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 except for the cylindrical container, so the cylindrical container will be described below.

筒型容器５は、１個以上の孔４を持つ銅板より形成し、
各穴に亜鉛を気密に充填しである。The cylindrical container 5 is formed from a copper plate having one or more holes 4,
Each hole is hermetically filled with zinc.

次に、第３図は本発明の実施例に係る陰極缶及び筒型容
器を使用して組立てられた電池の断面図で、酸化銀、過
酸化銀、二酸化マンガンなどの陽極活物質からなる陽極
合剤７を陽極缶６に充填した後その上にセパレーター８
を載置してなる陽極部に、前記真空室６を予め設けてな
る陰極缶１にガスケット９を嵌着し、さらに電解液１０
及び氷化亜鉛粉末１１を注入してなる陰極部を収納した
後、陽極缶６の口縁部を内方に折り曲げ、ガスケット９
を陽極缶６と陰極缶１で締付けて封口する。Next, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery assembled using a cathode can and a cylindrical container according to an embodiment of the present invention. After filling the mixture 7 into the anode can 6, a separator 8 is placed on top of it.
A gasket 9 is fitted to the cathode can 1 in which the vacuum chamber 6 is provided in advance, and an electrolyte 10 is placed on the anode part.
After storing the cathode section formed by injecting the frozen zinc powder 11 into the anode can, the mouth edge of the anode can 6 is bent inward, and the gasket 9 is inserted.
The anode can 6 and the cathode can 1 are tightened and sealed.

このように上記構成でなる密閉型アルカリ電池において
、放電反応が進んでいくと、真空室６を形成している筒
型容器２の亜鉛が酸化亜鉛となって壊れてしまい、電池
内部を減圧状態にする。この時、封口時の内体積減少や
封口後のガス発生によって、電池内部に生じていたガス
圧が緩和され、内圧上昇による電池外形の変形や爆発電
解液の漏液な防止することができる。更にこの筒型容器
２を形成している亜鉛は板状のものを打抜き加工してい
るので、重量値が安定しており、電池容量が安定してい
る利点もある。In the sealed alkaline battery having the above configuration, as the discharge reaction progresses, the zinc in the cylindrical container 2 forming the vacuum chamber 6 turns into zinc oxide and breaks down, causing the interior of the battery to become depressurized. Make it. At this time, the gas pressure generated inside the battery is alleviated due to the internal volume reduction during sealing and gas generation after sealing, and it is possible to prevent deformation of the battery external shape and leakage of explosive electrolyte due to an increase in internal pressure. Furthermore, since the zinc forming the cylindrical container 2 is stamped into a plate shape, the weight value is stable and the battery capacity is also stable.

次に、本発明による亜鉛からなる筒型容器２にて真空室
６を設けた電池Ａと、従来技術による電池Ｂを組立てて
、それぞれ４０％放電させた後、温度４５℃湿度９０％
〜９５％の環境に２０日口重０日貯蔵した後、電池の高
さ変形量が５０μｍをオーバーした個数、及び漏液をし
た個数を表Ｉ、表Ｉ【に示す。尚、本試験に使用した電
池は、陽極剤に酸化銀、電解液に苛性ソーダ溶液を使っ
た酸化銀電池で、寸法は１１．６ｍｍ５２ｆ　Ｘ　３．
Ｏｍｍであった。Next, battery A provided with a vacuum chamber 6 in a cylindrical container 2 made of zinc according to the present invention and battery B according to the prior art were assembled, and after discharging each battery by 40%, the temperature was 45°C and the humidity was 90%.
After 20 days and 0 days of storage in a ~95% environment, the number of batteries whose height deformation exceeded 50 μm and the number of batteries that leaked are shown in Table I and Table I [Table I]. The battery used in this test was a silver oxide battery using silver oxide as the anode agent and caustic soda solution as the electrolyte, and its dimensions were 11.6 mm 52 f x 3.
It was Omm.

表　　■ 表　　■ 以上のように、本発明による密閉型アルカリ電池では、
予め設けた真空室により、ガス発生による内圧の上昇を
緩和し、これにより電池の変形、爆発。Table ■ Table ■ As described above, in the sealed alkaline battery according to the present invention,
A pre-installed vacuum chamber alleviates the rise in internal pressure due to gas generation, which can lead to battery deformation and explosion.

電解液の漏液な長期間にわたり防止できるなど、その工
業的価値は大である。Its industrial value is great, as it can prevent electrolyte leakage for a long period of time.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明に用いる陰極缶及び筒型容器を示す断面
図で、第１図（ａ）は筒型容器を陰極缶に装着する前の
状態、第１図（ｂ）は筒型容器を陰極缶に装着した状態
を示し、第２図は本発明に用いる他の実施例の陰極缶及
び筒型容器を示す断面図で、第２図（ａ）は筒型容器、
第２図（ｂ）は筒型容器を陰極缶に装着した状態を示し
ており。 第３図は、本発明の実施例による電池の断面図である。 １・・・・・・陰極缶、２．５・・・・・・筒型容器、
６・・・・・・真空室、　　　　　４・・・・・・亜鉛
を充填された孔、６・・・・・・陽極缶、　　　　　７
・・・・・・陽極合剤、８・・・・・・セパレーター、
　　９・・・・・・ガスケット、１０・・・・・・電解
液、　　　　１１・・・・・・水化亜鉛。 第３図 一３３′。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a cathode can and a cylindrical container used in the present invention. FIG. 1(a) is a state before the cylindrical container is attached to the cathode can, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a cathode can and a cylindrical container of another embodiment used in the present invention, and FIG. 2(a) shows a cylindrical container,
FIG. 2(b) shows the cylindrical container attached to the cathode can. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery according to an embodiment of the invention. 1... Cathode can, 2.5... Cylindrical container,
6... Vacuum chamber, 4... Hole filled with zinc, 6... Anode can, 7
... Anode mixture, 8 ... Separator,
9... Gasket, 10... Electrolyte, 11... Zinc hydrate. Figure 3-33'.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 （＋）　　陰極活物質として氷化亜鉛を用いた電池にお
いて、板状部材より形成した筒型容器を陰極缶内面に圧
着して、内圧調整用の真空室を設けたことを特徴とする
密閉型アルカリ電池。 （２）　　板状部材より形成された筒型容器が亜鉛より
なることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の密閉
型アルカリ電池。 （３）　　板状部旧より形成された筒型容器が１ケ所以
ヒの孔を有する銅板よりなり、前記孔を亜鉛で塞いだこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の密閉型アル
カリ電池。[Claims] (+) In a battery using frozen zinc as a cathode active material, a cylindrical container formed from a plate-like member is crimped onto the inner surface of the cathode can to provide a vacuum chamber for adjusting internal pressure. A sealed alkaline battery featuring: (2) The sealed alkaline battery according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical container formed from the plate-like member is made of zinc. (3) The closed type according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical container formed from the plate-shaped part is made of a copper plate having one or more holes, and the holes are plugged with zinc. alkaline battery.