JPS5885463A - Method and device for transfer and fixing of toner image - Google Patents

Method and device for transfer and fixing of toner image

Info

Publication number
JPS5885463A
JPS5885463A JP18229281A JP18229281A JPS5885463A JP S5885463 A JPS5885463 A JP S5885463A JP 18229281 A JP18229281 A JP 18229281A JP 18229281 A JP18229281 A JP 18229281A JP S5885463 A JPS5885463 A JP S5885463A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
transfer
toner image
toner
intermediate transfer
transfer material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP18229281A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0363757B2 (en
Inventor
Tadashi Miwa
正 三輪
Kiyoshi Kimura
清 木村
Koji Komiya
小宮 幸治
Noriyoshi Tarumi
紀慶 樽見
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Konica Minolta Inc
Original Assignee
Konica Minolta Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Konica Minolta Inc filed Critical Konica Minolta Inc
Priority to JP18229281A priority Critical patent/JPS5885463A/en
Priority to US06/439,426 priority patent/US4430412A/en
Priority to DE19823241816 priority patent/DE3241816A1/en
Publication of JPS5885463A publication Critical patent/JPS5885463A/en
Publication of JPH0363757B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0363757B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/14Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base
    • G03G15/16Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer
    • G03G15/1605Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer using at least one intermediate support
    • G03G15/161Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer using at least one intermediate support with means for handling the intermediate support, e.g. heating, cleaning, coating with a transfer agent
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G2215/00Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
    • G03G2215/16Transferring device, details
    • G03G2215/1676Simultaneous toner image transfer and fixing
    • G03G2215/1695Simultaneous toner image transfer and fixing at the second or higher order transfer point

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a high-quality image, by heating a toner image on an intermediate transfer material and a pressing material, which presses a transfer material to the intermediate transfer material, to a temperature lower than the toner fusing temperature and heating the transfer material to a temperature higher than the toner fusing temperature. CONSTITUTION:A toner image T on a toner image carrier 1 is transferred to an intermediate transfer material 5 in a transfer region A. The intermediate transfer material 5 consisting of an endless belt and the toner image on this material 5 are heated to a temperature lower than the toner fusing temperature by a heat roll 7. A heat press roll 9 in a transfer and fixing region C is heated to a temperature lower than the toner fusing temperature also. A transfer material heating plate 10 has a shape to be close to the heat press roll 9 along its outside circumferential face, and the heating plate 10 heats a transfer material to a temperature sufficiently higher than the toner fusing temperature when the transfer material passes between the heat press roll 9 and the transfer material heating plate 10, and thus, the toner image on the intermediate transfer material 5 is trasferred and fixed to the transfer material surely.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 着方法および装置の改良に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to improvements in methods and devices.

一般に中間転写体を具える画像記録装置においては、潜
像か現像トナーにより現像されて形成されるトナー像相
持体上のトナー像を、無端ベルト状或いはロール状の中
間転写体に転写し、この中間転写体上に転写されたトナ
ー像を更に転写紙等の転写材−ヒに再転写し定着せしめ
て画像が記録される。斯かる装置によれば、高品位の記
録画像が得られる可能性があると共に、一度形成された
潜像を、現像及び転写を繰り返すことにより複数回に亘
って利用して多数の同一画像を記録する、いわゆるリテ
ンション方式の導入が可能となり、画像記録の高速化を
容易に図り得る利点がある。加えて、一成分導電性トナ
ーを現像トナーとして用いた場合にも普通紙より成る転
写材への転写が可能となることから、現像系の簡略化、
画質の向上等を図ることができる利点もある。
Generally, in an image recording device equipped with an intermediate transfer member, a toner image formed on a toner image carrier by developing a latent image with a developing toner is transferred to an endless belt-shaped or roll-shaped intermediate transfer member. The toner image transferred onto the intermediate transfer body is further transferred again to a transfer material such as transfer paper and fixed, thereby recording an image. According to such a device, it is possible to obtain high-quality recorded images, and a latent image once formed can be used multiple times by repeating development and transfer to record many identical images. This makes it possible to introduce a so-called retention method, which has the advantage of easily increasing the speed of image recording. In addition, even when one-component conductive toner is used as a developing toner, it is possible to transfer to a transfer material made of plain paper, which simplifies the developing system.
There is also the advantage that image quality can be improved.

而して、前記中間転写体上のトナー像を転写材に転写す
ると共に定着をも同時に行なうだめには種々の厳しい条
件かあり、良好外トナー像の転写定着を達成することは
相当に困難である。
Therefore, there are various strict conditions in order to transfer and fix the toner image on the intermediate transfer member to the transfer material at the same time, and it is quite difficult to achieve good transfer and fixation of the toner image. be.

従来、例えば判.公昭グ乙ーグ/乙7タ号公報に記載さ
れているように、中間転写体」二のトナー像のトナーを
加熱せしめずに転写材を加熱し、この転写材の熱によっ
てトナー像を転写定着せしめる手段が知られている。
Conventionally, for example, judgment. As described in Koshogu Otogu/Otsu No. 7, a transfer material is heated without heating the toner of the toner image on the intermediate transfer body, and the toner image is transferred by the heat of this transfer material. There are known means of fixation.

この手段は、中間転写体を過熱するおそれがカくてトナ
ー像担持体に熱的悪影響を与えることが防止できる点で
は好ましいものであるが、熱の利用率が低く、通常紙よ
り成る転写材に相当多量の熱エネルギーを加える必要が
ある。しかも通常は紙より成る転写材の種類によって当
該転写材に与えるべき熱エネルギー量が異カリ、例えば
重量の大きい紙或いは多孔質の紙より成る転写材には多
量の熱エネルギーが必要であるが、これと同等の熱エネ
ルギーを重量の小さい紙或いは厚みの小さな紙より成る
転写材に与えると過熱状態となり、転写材が変形し或い
は焼は焦げが発生するようになり、結局良好な転写定着
を達成するためには、転写材の種類に応じて供給熱エネ
ルギーを調整することが必要となる。更にトナー像の転
写定着を高速で行なう場合には、転写材に更に多量の熱
エネルギーを与えることが必要となり、その結果、消費
エネルギーが増大し、転写材の円滑な搬送が打力われず
にジャムが起こったときには発火の危険性が大きい。
This method is preferable in that there is no risk of overheating the intermediate transfer member and can prevent adverse thermal effects on the toner image bearing member, but it has a low heat utilization rate and is suitable for transfer materials made of ordinary paper. It is necessary to add a considerable amount of thermal energy to the Moreover, the amount of thermal energy that should be applied to the transfer material usually differs depending on the type of transfer material made of paper.For example, a transfer material made of heavy paper or porous paper requires a large amount of heat energy. If the same amount of thermal energy is applied to a transfer material made of paper with a small weight or thickness, it will become overheated and the transfer material will become deformed or scorched, resulting in good transfer and fixation. In order to do this, it is necessary to adjust the supplied heat energy depending on the type of transfer material. Furthermore, when transferring and fixing toner images at high speed, it is necessary to apply even more heat energy to the transfer material, which results in increased energy consumption and makes it difficult for smooth conveyance of the transfer material to occur. When a jam occurs, there is a great risk of fire.

一方、特開昭り9−7g339号公報に記載されている
ように、転写材の加熱を行なわずに、中間転写体上のト
ナー像のトナーをその融解温度にまで加熱することによ
り、中間転写体上のトナー像を転写材に転写定着せしめ
る手段も知られている。
On the other hand, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-7g339, intermediate transfer is possible by heating the toner of the toner image on the intermediate transfer member to its melting temperature without heating the transfer material. Means for transferring and fixing a toner image on a body to a transfer material are also known.

しかしながら、この手段においては、転写材が(j) トナーより多量の熱を奪うため、トナーの転写材に接す
る側の流動性が低下して定着を確実に行なうことが困難
となり、このだめ実際には中間転写体をも相当に加熱す
ることが必要となる。この結果、中間転写体を介してト
ナー像相持体に熱が加えられることとなり、トナー像相
持体が電子写真感光体である場合には初期電位の低下に
よる画像濃度低下、及び中間転写体の材料成分がトナー
像担持体の表面に付着することによるカブリが発生する
ようになると共に、中間転写体の劣化が速くガって大き
な耐久性を得ることができない。
However, in this method, since the transfer material absorbs more heat than the (j) toner, the fluidity of the toner on the side in contact with the transfer material decreases, making it difficult to securely fix the toner. In this case, it is necessary to heat the intermediate transfer member considerably. As a result, heat is applied to the toner image bearing member via the intermediate transfer member, and if the toner image bearing member is an electrophotographic photoreceptor, the image density decreases due to a decrease in initial potential, and the material of the intermediate transfer member Fog occurs due to the components adhering to the surface of the toner image bearing member, and the intermediate transfer member deteriorates rapidly, making it impossible to obtain great durability.

斯かる問題を解決するだめには、中間転写体を転写定着
後の移動路領域において冷却することも考えられるが、
強制冷却する場合には更に多くのエネルギーを消費する
とととなり、又自然冷却による場合には、トナー像担持
体と接するに至るまでの移動路を長くする必要があり、
装置が大型化することとなる。
In order to solve this problem, it may be possible to cool the intermediate transfer member in the movement path area after transfer and fixation.
In the case of forced cooling, more energy is consumed, and in the case of natural cooling, it is necessary to lengthen the path of movement of the toner until it comes into contact with the toner image carrier.
This results in an increase in the size of the device.

又転写定着時におけるトナーは、既述のように転写材に
接する側が先行して冷却されてその流動(乙) 件が低下するため、トナーが完全に転写材に転移せず、
一部が中間転写体上に付着したま壕残留するように力っ
てトナー像相持体が汚染し、またオフセット現象が生ず
るようになる。
In addition, during transfer and fixing, the toner is cooled first on the side that contacts the transfer material as mentioned above, reducing its fluidity, so the toner does not transfer completely to the transfer material.
A portion of the toner remains on the intermediate transfer member, contaminating the toner image carrier and causing an offset phenomenon.

本発明は、以上の如き事情に基いて々されたも゛のであ
って、中間転写体を利用してトナー像担持体上のトナー
像を転写材に確実に転写し定着せしめることができ、し
たがってオフセット現象が生ぜず、リテンション方式に
よっても解像度の高い高品位の記録画像を得ることがで
き、トナー成分材料の選択範囲を拡大することもできて
、しかも、消費エネルギーが少なくて済み、装置をコン
パクトに構成できるようかトナー像転写定着方法および
装置を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
The present invention has been developed based on the above-mentioned circumstances, and is capable of reliably transferring and fixing a toner image on a toner image bearing member to a transfer material by using an intermediate transfer member. No offset phenomenon occurs, high-quality recorded images with high resolution can be obtained even with the retention method, the selection range of toner component materials can be expanded, and energy consumption is low, making the device compact. The object of this invention is to provide a toner image transfer and fixing method and apparatus that can be constructed as follows.

本発明の上記目的は、トナー像をトナー像相持体から、
中間転写体に転写し、該中間転写体から転写材に転写、
定着するトナー像転写、定着方法において、上記中間転
写体上のトナー像をトナーの溶融温度より低い温度に加
熱するとともに、上(7) 配転写材を上記中間転写体に押圧する押圧体をトナーの
溶融温度より低い温度に加熱し、かつ、トナーの溶融温
度以上の温度に加熱された転写材を転写、定着位置に送
り込むことにより、トナー像を一ヒ記転写材に転写、定
着することを特徴とするトナー像転写、定着方法および
トナー像が、トナー像担持体から中間転写体に転写され
、該中■1転写体から転写材に再転写されて定着せしめ
られるトナー像転写定着装置において、上記中間転写体
上のトナー像を該トナーの溶融温度より低い温度に加熱
する手段と、上記転写材を中間転写体に圧接させる押圧
体をトナーの溶融温度より低い温度に加熱する手段と、
上記転写材を中間転写体に圧接する前にトナーの溶融温
度以上に加熱する手段とを設けたことを特徴とするトナ
ー像転写定着装置によって達成される。
The above object of the present invention is to obtain a toner image from a toner image carrier,
Transfer to an intermediate transfer body, transfer from the intermediate transfer body to a transfer material,
In the toner image transfer and fixing method for fixing, the toner image on the intermediate transfer body is heated to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner, and (7) a pressing body that presses the distribution transfer material against the intermediate transfer body is heated to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner. The toner image is transferred and fixed onto the transfer material by sending the transfer material heated to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner and higher than the melting temperature of the toner to a transfer and fixing position. Characterized toner image transfer and fixing method: A toner image transfer and fixing device in which a toner image is transferred from a toner image carrier to an intermediate transfer member, and then retransferred from the first transfer member to a transfer material and fixed. means for heating the toner image on the intermediate transfer member to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner; and means for heating a pressing member that presses the transfer material against the intermediate transfer member to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner;
This is achieved by a toner image transfer and fixing device characterized in that it is provided with means for heating the transfer material above the melting temperature of the toner before pressing the transfer material against the intermediate transfer member.

庁お、本発明において、トナーの溶融温度は、高化式フ
ローテスター(島津製作所製)によって求めた値が基準
にされる。す々わち、高化式フローテスターを用い、荷
重n Ky/cm2、ノズルの直径(lr) l罷、ノズルの長さ/+++m、昇温速度1 °C/ 
minの条件で測定を行ない、プランジャー降下量をh
としたときにh/10だけ降下した時点の温度がトナー
の溶融温度とされる。この測定にはlCm5の量のトナ
ーが試料として用いられる。
In the present invention, the melting temperature of the toner is based on a value determined by a Koka type flow tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Using a Koka-type flow tester, the load was n Ky/cm2, the nozzle diameter (lr) was 1, the nozzle length was +++ m, and the temperature increase rate was 1 °C/.
Measurement was carried out under the condition of min, and the amount of plunger descent was h.
The temperature at which the temperature drops by h/10 is defined as the melting temperature of the toner. For this measurement, an amount of toner of 1Cm5 is used as a sample.

以下、本発明を図示例に基づいて説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on illustrated examples.

第1図は本発明の一実施例の説明図であり、この例では
、回転ドラム型のトナー像相持体lの外周面に沿った領
域において、潜像形成機構2、現像機構3及びクリーニ
ング機構ヶが回転方向にこの順に設けられ、現像機構3
とクリーニング機構lとの間の転写領域Aにおいて、無
端ベルトより成る中間転写体5が押圧ローラgによりト
ナー像担持体/の外周面に押圧される。この中間転写体
jけ、押圧ローラ乙のほか、熱ローラ7とテンションロ
ーラlとに懸架され、前記転写領域Aにおいてトナー像
相持体lと同方向に等速で移動されて熱ローラ7におけ
る中間転写体加熱領域Bに向う。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of one embodiment of the present invention. In this example, a latent image forming mechanism 2, a developing mechanism 3, and a cleaning mechanism are provided in this order in the rotational direction, and the developing mechanism 3
In the transfer area A between the toner image carrier 1 and the cleaning mechanism 1, an intermediate transfer member 5 made of an endless belt is pressed against the outer circumferential surface of the toner image carrier / by a pressing roller g. This intermediate transfer body j is suspended between a heat roller 7 and a tension roller l in addition to a pressure roller B, and is moved at a constant speed in the same direction as the toner image carrier l in the transfer area A. Head toward the transfer body heating area B.

この熱ローラ7における中間転写体!の離脱点(ワ) 又はその近傍における転写定着領域Cにおいて、該熱ロ
ーラ7との間で中間転写体!と転写材(通常は転写紙よ
りなる)全挟圧(−て送る熱押圧ローラタが設けられて
おり、また、転写材が熱ローラ2と熱押圧ローラ2とに
よって挾圧さ力、るようになる直前の転写材移動路Pに
沿って転写材加熱領域りを与える転写材加熱板10も設
けられている。
The intermediate transfer body in this heat roller 7! At the separation point (wa) or in the vicinity of the transfer/fixing area C, the intermediate transfer body is transferred between the heat roller 7 and the transfer fixing area C! and a transfer material (usually made of transfer paper) are provided with a heat-pressing roller that sends the transfer material (usually made of transfer paper) under full pressure (-), and the transfer material is clamped and pressed by the heat roller 2 and the heat-pressing roller 2 so that the transfer material is A transfer material heating plate 10 that provides a transfer material heating area is also provided along the transfer material movement path P just before the transfer material movement path P.

以上のような構成の装置においては、次のようにしてト
ナー像担持体/に形成さf′Lだトナー像が最゛終的に
転写材に転写定着される。
In the apparatus configured as described above, the toner image f'L formed on the toner image carrier is finally transferred and fixed onto the transfer material in the following manner.

先ずトナー像担持体/上のトナー像Tは、潜像形成機構
2により形成された潜像を現像機構3により現像するこ
とによって形成される。即ち、電子写真法を利用する場
合においては、トナー像担持体/は、セレン糸、有機化
合物系、酸化亜鉛又は硫化カドミウム系のバインダー型
、その他の電子写真感光体により構成され、潜像形成機
構−により、トナー像相持体/の外周面全全面@電せし
めた後画像露光を行なうことにより静電潜像?形成する
O又静電記録法を利用する場合には、トナ(/θ) −像和持体/を導電性基体と誘電体表層より成る誘電体
により構成し、画像信号をマルチスタイラス電極又はイ
オン制御電極により静電潜像に変換することにより潜像
を形成せしめる。又磁気記録法を利用する場合には、ト
ナー像相持体/を磁性体により構成し、画像信号を磁化
ヘッドにより磁気信号に変換して磁気潜像を形成しても
よい。
First, the toner image T on the toner image carrier is formed by developing the latent image formed by the latent image forming mechanism 2 with the developing mechanism 3. That is, when electrophotography is used, the toner image carrier is composed of selenium thread, organic compound type, zinc oxide or cadmium sulfide type binder type, or other electrophotographic photoreceptor, and the latent image forming mechanism is -, the entire outer circumferential surface of the toner image carrier is electrified, and then image exposure is performed to generate an electrostatic latent image. When using the electrostatic recording method, the toner (/θ) - image carrier/ is composed of a dielectric material consisting of a conductive base and a dielectric surface layer, and the image signal is transferred to a multi-stylus electrode or ion A latent image is formed by converting it into an electrostatic latent image using a control electrode. When a magnetic recording method is used, the toner image carrier may be made of a magnetic material, and an image signal may be converted into a magnetic signal by a magnetized head to form a magnetic latent image.

このようにして形成された潜像は、それが静電潜像であ
る場合には、現像機構3により、潜像を形成する電荷と
反対極性に帯電された着色荷電粒子であるトナーにより
可視像とされる0ここに使用されるトナーが一成分導電
性磁性トナーである場合には、トナーに誘起された電荷
により現像される。−成分導電性磁性トナーを使用し磁
気ブラシ現像法全用いた場合には、トナ一層が単−粒子
層又はそれに近い薄層として形成さ力、るので、最終的
に得られる画像の画質、耐久性、高速現像性において優
n1、又転写材ケ選択することなく良好な転写が可能で
ある点で特に好ましい0潜像が磁気潜像である場合には
、磁性トナーによシ現像すt′16ばよく、転写時の画
像のにじみの発生を防IFすることかで^て鮮明な画像
が得らn、る0以上のようにして形成さ力、たトナー像
担持体/上のトナー像Tを、転写領域Aにおいて中間転
写体j上に抑圧ローラ≦の押圧力により転写せしめる。
If the latent image formed in this way is an electrostatic latent image, the developing mechanism 3 makes the latent image visible using toner, which is colored charged particles charged to the opposite polarity to the charge forming the latent image. When the toner used here is a one-component conductive magnetic toner, the image is developed by an electric charge induced in the toner. - When a conductive magnetic toner is used and the magnetic brush development method is used, the toner layer is formed as a single particle layer or a thin layer close to it, which improves the image quality and durability of the final image. When the 0 latent image is a magnetic latent image, which is particularly preferable because it is excellent in terms of performance and high-speed developability, and good transfer is possible without selecting a transfer material, it can be developed with a magnetic toner. 16, by preventing the occurrence of image blurring during transfer, a clear image can be obtained. T is transferred onto the intermediate transfer body j in the transfer area A by a pressing force of the suppression roller≦.

ここで中間転写体!げ、シリコン系ゴム家いはフッ累糸
ゴムなどの耐熱性の弾性体から成る転写層と、耐熱性の
基体例えばステンレス鋼板、ポリイミド、ポリイミドア
ミド、ボリアミド、ポリエステル、ボリアリレート等の
樹脂を材質とする耐熱性フィルム(例えば「Uシート」
太平化学社製)などの耐熱性の高分子フィルムとの積層
体により形成されるものであり、転写層の材質に、室温
加硫型若しくは低温加硫型のシリコン系ゴムが特に好ま
しい0例えば「LTV/3θo J、f−LTV/ざθ
θ」(何れも信越化学工業社製)に、付加重合型のシリ
コンゴムであり、転写層の材質として特に好ましい材料
である。これらのシリコンゴム層は、低温では表面の適
度な粘着性とトナーを包含するゴム弾性とにより°、転
写領域Aにおいて、トナー像相持体/のトナー保持力に
打ち勝って中間転写体伊QK)ナーを光分に捕獲するこ
とができる一方、その表面エネルギーは通常の転写材材
料に比して充分に小さいものであるため、後述する転写
定着領域C[おいて、トナーの転写材仙の表面から当該
トナーが加熱されて流動性を帯びた状態で転写材が圧接
せしめられると、トナーは転写材に強く付着するように
なって転写材へ殆ど完全に転写定着されるようになる。
Here is the intermediate transfer body! The transfer layer is made of a heat-resistant elastic material such as silicone rubber or fluorine rubber, and the heat-resistant substrate is made of a resin such as stainless steel plate, polyimide, polyimide amide, polyamide, polyester, or polyarylate. heat-resistant film (e.g. "U sheet")
It is formed by a laminate with a heat-resistant polymer film such as (manufactured by Taihei Kagaku Co., Ltd.), and room-temperature vulcanization type or low-temperature vulcanization type silicone rubber is particularly preferable for the material of the transfer layer. LTV/3θo J, f-LTV/zaθ
θ'' (all manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) is an addition polymerization type silicone rubber, and is a particularly preferable material for the transfer layer. At low temperatures, these silicone rubber layers overcome the toner retention force of the toner image carrier/toner in the transfer area A due to the moderate tackiness of the surface and the rubber elasticity that contains the toner, and the toner is transferred to the intermediate transfer body (QK). On the other hand, the surface energy of the toner is sufficiently small compared to that of ordinary transfer material, so that it is possible to capture When the toner is heated and fluidized and pressed against a transfer material, the toner strongly adheres to the transfer material and is almost completely transferred and fixed onto the transfer material.

そして熱ローラ2(てより、トナー像T及び中間転写体
jが高速に加熱されることが好ましい点から、転写層及
び基体の膜厚は、所期の性能全有する範囲内で小さい方
が好ましく、例えば転写層の厚さは70〜500ミクロ
ン、基体の厚さは70〜100ミクロンであることが最
適である0丙申間転写体としては、無端ベルトに限らず
、例えばアルミニウム又はステンレス鋼製の中空ローラ
表面に転写層を設け、その中空ローラの内部にヒータ全
般けるようにしてもよい0そのような中間転写体を用い
ると、ベルトを用いたよりもト(/3) ナー像転写定着装置を小型軽量化することができる0 また、図示の熱ローラ2は、中空のアルミニウム等の金
属ローラ内に例えば赤外線ランプ等より成るヒータ2人
を内蔵するものであり、この金属ローラの表面を適当な
範囲の温度に制御し、これにより無端ベルトより成る中
間転写体!との接触開始点Eと、転写定着領域Cとの間
の領域即ち中間転写体加熱領域B[おいて無端ベルトよ
り成る中間転写体j及びその上のトナー像T’t、i該
トナーの溶融温度より低い温度に加熱する。この熱ロー
ラ7の表面にシリコン系ゴム等よりなる耐熱性弾性層を
設けるようにしてもよい0 上述のように加熱される中間転写体!の温度は、転写定
着領域Cにおいて充分に転写材上に転写定着が行なわれ
るのであわば、できるだけ低温であることが好ましい0
これは中間転写体jの温度が高くなると転写領域Aにお
いて中間転写体!の熱によりトナー像担持体/が加熱さ
れるようになってトナー像担持体/が低温で有する性能
が低下す(/グ) ると同時に、トナー或いは中間転写体夕の材料成分がト
ナー像相持体/土に転移することによる画像劣化が発生
するようになるからである。従って、もし中間転写体!
の温度が高くなると、従来のように転写領域Aの手前で
強制冷却を行なうことが必要となる。
And since it is preferable that the toner image T and the intermediate transfer member j be heated at a high speed, the thickness of the transfer layer and the substrate is preferably as small as possible within the range of achieving all the desired performance. For example, it is optimal that the thickness of the transfer layer is 70 to 500 microns and the thickness of the substrate is 70 to 100 microns. A transfer layer may be provided on the surface of the hollow roller, and a heater may be placed inside the hollow roller.If such an intermediate transfer body is used, it will be faster than a belt. In addition, the illustrated heat roller 2 has two heaters made of, for example, infrared lamps built into a hollow metal roller made of aluminum or the like. The temperature is controlled within a range such that the intermediate transfer body consisting of an endless belt! Contact start point E with the transfer fixing area C, that is, the intermediate transfer body heating area B [in the intermediate transfer body consisting of an endless belt The transfer body j and the toner image T't, i on it are heated to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner.A heat-resistant elastic layer made of silicone rubber or the like may be provided on the surface of this heat roller 7. 0 The temperature of the intermediate transfer member heated as described above is preferably as low as possible so that sufficient transfer and fixation is performed on the transfer material in the transfer and fixing area C0
This means that when the temperature of the intermediate transfer body j increases, the intermediate transfer body in the transfer area A! The toner image bearing member is heated by the heat of the toner image bearing member, and its performance at low temperatures is reduced. This is because image deterioration occurs due to metastasis to the body/soil. Therefore, if the intermediate transfer body!
As the temperature increases, it becomes necessary to perform forced cooling in front of the transfer area A as in the conventional method.

転写定着領域GKおける熱押圧ローラタとしては、中空
のアルミニウム等の金属ローラ、あるいはそ力、にシリ
コン系ゴムなどの耐熱性弾性表層を設けた中空の内部に
、例えば赤外線ランプより成るヒータ9Aを内蔵したも
のが用いられ、このヒータ9Aの発熱を逼肖に制御して
、それにまり熱押圧ローラタの表面温度がトナー像のト
ナーの溶融温度以下であって、好ましくは中間転写体j
の上面温度以上に保持する。そして、図示の転写材加熱
板/θは、その伝熱面が熱押圧ローラ2の外周面に沿っ
て近接する形状を有し、転写材が熱押圧ローラタの表面
と転写材加熱板/θの伝熱面との間を通過するときに、
転写材を前記トナーの溶融温度より充分筒い温度に加熱
する。ここで、熱押圧ローラタの表面の摩擦係数を転写
材加熱板/θの表面のそね、よりも大きくしておくと、
そf′LKよって転写材の移動は熱押圧ローラ2の回転
による表面の移」hK伴うことになり、加熱効率をよく
するために、固定された転写材加熱板/θの伝熱面を転
写材が接触して移動するようにj〜ても、転写材に円滑
に転写定着領域Cへ搬送され、ることになる。このよう
にしてトナーの溶融温度より充分高い温度に力ρ熱さ力
、た転写材は、転写定着領域C[おいて、予め熱ローラ
2によりトナー像と共に加熱された中間転写体jと重な
り合うことになり、その重なりが熱ローラ7と前述のよ
うにトナー像のトナー溶融温度以下に加熱さf′した熱
押圧ローラタにより挾圧さn、て、そ力、により、トナ
ー像のトナーの少なくとも転写材と接する側が転写材よ
りの熱によって溶融し、さらに圧接されることによって
、中間転写体!のトナー像は確実に転写材に転写定着さ
れる。
The heat-pressing roller in the transfer fixing area GK is a hollow metal roller made of aluminum or the like, or a heat-resistant elastic surface layer made of silicone rubber or the like is provided inside the hollow metal roller, and a heater 9A made of, for example, an infrared lamp is built into the hollow interior. The heat generation of the heater 9A is properly controlled so that the surface temperature of the heat pressing roller is below the melting temperature of the toner of the toner image, and preferably the intermediate transfer member j
Maintain the temperature above the top surface of the The illustrated transfer material heating plate/θ has a shape in which its heat transfer surface is close to the outer circumferential surface of the hot press roller 2, and the transfer material is connected to the surface of the hot press roller 2 and the transfer material heating plate/θ. When passing between the heat transfer surface,
The transfer material is heated to a temperature sufficiently higher than the melting temperature of the toner. Here, if the friction coefficient of the surface of the hot press roller is made larger than the surface roughness of the transfer material heating plate/θ,
Therefore, the movement of the transfer material is accompanied by the movement of the surface due to the rotation of the hot press roller 2, and in order to improve heating efficiency, the heat transfer surface of the fixed transfer material heating plate /θ is transferred. Even if the material moves in contact with the transfer material, it will be smoothly conveyed to the transfer fixing area C. In this way, the transfer material heated to a temperature sufficiently higher than the melting temperature of the toner is heated to a temperature sufficiently higher than the melting temperature of the toner. The overlap is then clamped by the heat roller 7 and the hot press roller heated below the toner melting temperature of the toner image as described above, and by that force, at least the transfer material of the toner of the toner image The side in contact with the transfer material is melted by the heat from the transfer material, and is further pressed against the intermediate transfer member! The toner image is reliably transferred and fixed onto the transfer material.

前記転写材加熱板/θは、図示の例のように、転写材の
表面に接して加熱することが最も好ましいが、その場合
には、転写材加熱板IOと転写材との摩擦係数は小さい
ことが重要であり、このため転写側加熱板/θの伝熱面
を滑面とし、或いはフッ累系樹脂などの低摩擦係数の材
質のコーティングケ族すことが効果的である。例えばア
ルミニウム、ステンレス鋼等の素材にポリテトラフルオ
ロエチレン、パーフルオロアルコキシ樹脂、ポリフルオ
ロエチレン・プロピレン等の樹脂をコーティングするこ
と、又はこのような樹脂中に金属粉、蕪機醒化物を混合
分散した、例えば「ルーロン」(ディノックス社製)竹
をコーティングすること、喰いは硬質アルマイト処理し
た多孔質の素材にテフロンを含浸させるタフラム処理す
ることは耐摩耗強度、低阜擦係数々いう点で特に優名て
いる。又上記コーティング処Fl!またはタフラム処理
したものは表面エネルギドが低くてトナー等の汚れが蓄
積することがなく、この点でも優れている。さらにハー
ドクロムメッキによる鏡面を有する金属板も好ましい材
料である。転写材加熱板/θのヒータとしては板状に加
工したものが好ましく正温度特(/2) 性?有する抵抗発熱体より故るPTCグレートに温度コ
ントロールを要せず又電力量からみても有利である。
The transfer material heating plate /θ is most preferably heated in contact with the surface of the transfer material as in the illustrated example, but in that case, the coefficient of friction between the transfer material heating plate IO and the transfer material is small. Therefore, it is effective to make the heat transfer surface of the transfer side heating plate/θ a smooth surface or to coat it with a material having a low coefficient of friction such as a fluorocarbon resin. For example, coating materials such as aluminum and stainless steel with resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resins, and polyfluoroethylene/propylene, or mixing and dispersing metal powder and turnip aqueous materials in such resins. For example, coating bamboo with "Rulon" (manufactured by Dinox Co., Ltd.) and Taflam treatment, which is a porous material treated with hard alumite and impregnated with Teflon, are particularly effective in terms of abrasion resistance and low friction coefficient. He's famous. Also, the above coating shop Fl! Alternatively, those treated with Tafram have low surface energy and do not accumulate dirt such as toner, and are excellent in this respect as well. Furthermore, a metal plate with a mirror surface formed by hard chrome plating is also a preferable material. As a transfer material heating plate/θ heater, it is preferable to use a plate-shaped heater.Positive temperature characteristic (/2)? The PTC grating does not require temperature control compared to the resistive heating element, and is also advantageous in terms of power consumption.

転写材加熱板/θの伝熱面は、以上のように転写材に接
触することが好ましいが、部分的に転写材の表面に接触
するようにしてもよい。又非常に近接した状態であれば
、必ずしも接触しなくても充分な加熱効果を得ることが
可能である。この場合において、転写材表面との離間間
隔は通常3醋以下さされる。或いは熱ローラを使用した
ピンチローラ糸全転写定着領域Cの前に設けることによ
り転写材を加熱することも有効である。
The heat transfer surface of the transfer material heating plate/θ preferably contacts the transfer material as described above, but may partially contact the surface of the transfer material. Furthermore, if they are very close together, it is possible to obtain a sufficient heating effect without necessarily touching them. In this case, the distance from the surface of the transfer material is usually 3 mm or less. Alternatively, it is also effective to heat the transfer material by providing a pinch roller using a heat roller in front of the yarn full transfer fixing area C.

転写定着領域Cを通過した転写材は通常中間転写体−5
−に沿って搬送され、テンションローラ?ニより中間転
写体!より分離さカる。ここで、テンションローラrの
径を小さくしておく々、転写材の中間転写体!よりの分
離全容易に行なうことがテキルが、更に揺動せしめるこ
とにより無端ベルトより成る中間転写体!の偏倚ケ防止
することもできる。
The transfer material that has passed through the transfer and fixing area C is usually transferred to intermediate transfer member-5.
− It is conveyed along the tension roller? Intermediate transfer body than 2! It becomes more separated. Here, by reducing the diameter of the tension roller r, the intermediate transfer body of the transfer material! The intermediate transfer body made of an endless belt can be easily separated by twisting, but can be further oscillated! It can also prevent bias.

(/と) 転写定着領域Cを通過した中間転写体!は自然冷却さv
1再び転写領域Aにおいて転写を受け、更に転写定着領
域Cにおいて転写定着プロセスを繰り返す。
(/) Intermediate transfer body passed through transfer fixing area C! is naturally cooled
1 Transfer is performed again in the transfer area A, and then the transfer and fixing process is repeated in the transfer and fixing area C.

図中、//はクリーニングローラであって、熱押圧ロー
ラタにトナーが付着したときにこれを除去するものであ
る。
In the figure, // is a cleaning roller, which removes toner when it adheres to the hot press roller.

本発明においては、以上のように、トナー像相持体/か
ら転写された中間転写体!上のトナー像のトナーを、こ
れを支持する中間転写体!と共に、当該トナーの溶融温
度より低い淵邸に加熱する一方、転写材を上記溶融IM
度以上に加熱して、その状態で中間転写体夕と転写材と
を互に圧接するようにしているため、トナー像の状態を
乱すことなぐこf′Lft転写材に転写定着することが
できる。
In the present invention, as described above, the intermediate transfer member transferred from the toner image carrier/! An intermediate transfer body that supports the toner of the above toner image! At the same time, the transfer material is heated to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner, while the transfer material is heated to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner.
Since the intermediate transfer body and the transfer material are heated to a temperature higher than 100°C and pressed against each other in that state, it is possible to transfer and fix the toner image onto the transfer material without disturbing the state of the toner image. .

即ち、中間転写体加熱領域Bにおいては、トナー像を形
成するトナーが溶融しないで固体の状態或いは圧力下で
は変形するような状態をなお保持している温度に加熱さ
れるのみであるため、転写定着領域Cに到達するトナー
像はトナー像相持体/より転写さ力、たままの状態であ
ってトナーが流動性を帯びるこ々による画像の乱4が斤
く、しかもこの状態のトナーが転写定着領域Cにおいて
転写材と圧接される。従って当該転写材よりの熱によっ
てトナーの温度が転写材と接触する1則から上昇してこ
の部分が溶融し、伐いは圧接力によって変形して当該転
写材に接着せしめられるため、トナーが潰力、ることが
なくてにじみが発生せず、従って高い解像度を保持した
まま、転写定着されることとなる。
That is, in the intermediate transfer body heating region B, the toner forming the toner image is only heated to a temperature at which it remains in a solid state without melting or in a state where it deforms under pressure. The toner image reaching the fixing area C is in a state where it is transferred by a toner image carrier/transfer force, and the toner becomes fluid, which causes image disturbance 4, and the toner in this state is transferred. It is pressed against the transfer material in the fixing area C. Therefore, due to the heat from the transfer material, the temperature of the toner rises from the point where it contacts the transfer material, melting this part, and the toner is deformed by the pressure and adhered to the transfer material, causing the toner to collapse. Since there is no pressure applied, no bleeding occurs, and the image is transferred and fixed while maintaining high resolution.

以上の如く、転写定着部Cに入るトナー像は、予めその
トナー溶融温度以下の廼尚な温度まで加熱されているた
め、例えば前述の特公昭グに4/に22号公報記載の方
法におけるような、転写材を高温に加熱することによる
熱的な非効牟を防ぐことができる。しかもトナーは固体
の状態或いは高粘度状態を保持したままであるので、オ
フセット現象も極めて生じにくい。
As described above, since the toner image entering the transfer fixing section C is heated in advance to a high temperature below the toner melting temperature, for example, in the method described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 22, published in 4/4, In addition, thermal ineffectiveness caused by heating the transfer material to a high temperature can be prevented. Moreover, since the toner remains in a solid state or a high viscosity state, the offset phenomenon is extremely unlikely to occur.

また、熱押圧ローラ?の表面温tW金トナーの溶融温度
以下に保持するようにしたことは、中間転写体j上のト
ナー像が、転写定着部Cにおいて、トナー溶融調度より
高温の転写材からの熱により一旦トナー溶榊潟度以上に
なって、転写材に方弁接着した後の状態を、トナー溶融
混変付近″!、たけそれ以下の温度に冷却する。従って
、トナー像は充分に定着されてから転写定着部Cvil
−出ることになり、オフセットが発生することF−J、
々い。この効果は、軟化特性の鋭いトナー、すなわち、
温度」二昇に対して粘萌低下が急激に生じるようなトナ
ーの使用も可能にするし、さらに、中間転写体夕が上面
の粗になるような劣化金して、l−ナー像の付着力が増
加するようKなっても、転写材への転写が安定して完全
に行なわれるようにする。
Also, a heat press roller? The reason why the surface temperature tW is kept below the melting temperature of the gold toner is that the toner image on the intermediate transfer body j is once melted by the heat from the transfer material whose temperature is higher than the toner melting temperature in the transfer fixing section C. After the temperature exceeds Sakakigata temperature and the transfer material is adhered to the transfer material, the temperature is cooled to a temperature close to or below the toner melting temperature. Therefore, the toner image is sufficiently fixed before being transferred and fixed. Department Cvil
-It will come out and an offset will occurF-J,
Many. This effect is achieved by using toners with sharp softening properties, i.e.
It also makes it possible to use toners whose viscosity rapidly decreases as the temperature rises, and furthermore, it is possible to use toners whose viscosity rapidly decreases as the temperature rises.Furthermore, it is possible to use toners that have deteriorated so that the upper surface of the intermediate transfer member becomes rough. To stably and completely transfer onto a transfer material even if the adhesion force increases.

さらに、中間転写体夕とトナー像、転写材および熱押圧
ローラタの囲者を共に加熱するため、その各々における
必要な加熱温度を低下せしめることが可能となり、これ
によってその各々を過度に加熱することが不要となり、
しかも逃散する熱量を小さく抑制することができて全体
の熱利用率全大幅に向上せしめることができるこ吉も加
わって、(−27) 全消費エネルギーを大幅に瀘少せしめることができる。
Furthermore, since the intermediate transfer body, the toner image, the transfer material, and the surrounding area of the heat press roller are heated together, it is possible to lower the heating temperature required for each of them, thereby preventing excessive heating of each of them. is no longer necessary,
Moreover, with the addition of Kokichi, which can suppress the amount of heat dissipated to a small value and greatly improve the overall heat utilization efficiency, the total energy consumption can be significantly reduced (-27).

又トナー像の転写定着を高速で行なうことが可能となる
Further, it becomes possible to transfer and fix toner images at high speed.

そして、特に、熱押圧ローラタの表面温Wケ中間転写体
fの土面温度以上、トナーの溶融41′−J。
In particular, when the surface temperature W of the hot press roller is higher than the soil surface temperature of the intermediate transfer body f, the toner melts 41'-J.

下すなわち、実際上は中間転写体夕の上面温度とほぼ笠
しい温度に保持することによって、簡単な制御手段で容
易に安定した温度保持がなさ力、るし、また、熱押圧ロ
ーラ9をトナーの溶融温度以下に設定し1(場合のよう
に、中間転写体夕の温度が上昇したりする慣れはなくな
る。
In other words, in practice, by maintaining the temperature at a temperature that is almost the same as the upper surface temperature of the intermediate transfer body, it is not possible to easily maintain a stable temperature with a simple control means. By setting the temperature below the melting temperature of 1 (1), you will no longer get used to the temperature of the intermediate transfer body rising.

さらにまた、転写材加熱板10をトナー溶融温度より高
い高温レベルに保持する一方で、中間転写体!および熱
押圧ローラタケトナー溶融塩度以下の低温レベルに保持
するようにしたことは、装置内部における高温部分と低
温部分を分前することができ、したがって高温熱源が集
中できて、熱の雰囲気への放散ケ最小限にとどめること
ができる。
Furthermore, while the transfer material heating plate 10 is maintained at a high temperature level higher than the toner melting temperature, the intermediate transfer member! By keeping the toner at a low temperature level below the molten salinity of the toner and heat-pressing roller, it is possible to separate the high-temperature and low-temperature areas inside the device, thus concentrating the high-temperature heat source and allowing it to reach the thermal atmosphere. Emissions can be kept to a minimum.

第2図および第3図は、上述の第1図の装置について、
熱ローラ7と熱押圧ローラタの挟圧部分(22) 近傍における中間転写体!の上面温度またはトナー像の
温度T5 、転写材の転写面温度Tpおよび熱押圧ロー
ラタの表面温度T9の温度変化を示し、横軸は熱ローラ
7と熱押圧ローラ2の挾圧点より直前の位tThθとし
て、そこから両ローラの回転方向にとった距離を示して
いる0そして、第2図は、中間転写体jの上面温度T5
が乙θ“0になるように熱ローラ7の温度制御を行ない
、熱押圧ローラタの表面温度T9が20℃になるように
制御して、転写材加熱板/θの伝熱面温度を/にθ゛C
に制御した場合を示し、第3図は、中間転写体!の上面
温度T5と熱押圧ローラタの表面温度T92共に♂θ℃
になるように制御し、転写材加熱板/θの伝熱面温度を
/ダθ゛Cに制御した場合ケ示している。なお、いずれ
の場合も、トナーの溶融温度が略10θ℃の条件によっ
ている。この第2図、第3図から分るように、中間転写
体!の上面温度T52低く設定しても、それに応じて転
写材加熱板10により転写材の転写面温度Tpを高くす
るようにすn、げ、熱ローラ2と熱押圧ローラタの挾圧
点に達するときに中間転写体jの上面温度T5は十分ト
ナーの溶融温度を超え、したがって中間転写体!土のト
ナー像のトナーは溶酸して、転写材に転写定着さヵる。
FIGS. 2 and 3 show the apparatus of FIG. 1 described above.
Intermediate transfer body in the vicinity of the pressing part (22) between the heat roller 7 and the heat press roller! The temperature changes of the upper surface temperature or the temperature T5 of the toner image, the transfer surface temperature Tp of the transfer material, and the surface temperature T9 of the hot press roller are shown. As tThθ, the distance taken from there in the rotational direction of both rollers is 0, and FIG. 2 shows the upper surface temperature T5 of the intermediate transfer member j.
The temperature of the heat roller 7 is controlled so that θ is 0, and the surface temperature T9 of the hot press roller is controlled to be 20°C, and the temperature of the heat transfer surface of the transfer material heating plate /θ is set to /. θ゛C
Figure 3 shows the case where the intermediate transfer member! Both the top surface temperature T5 and the surface temperature T92 of the hot press roller are ♂θ℃
The case is shown in which the temperature of the heat transfer surface of the transfer material heating plate /θ is controlled to /da θ゛C. In both cases, the condition is that the melting temperature of the toner is approximately 10[theta]C. As you can see from Figures 2 and 3, it is an intermediate transfer body! Even if the upper surface temperature T52 is set low, the transfer material heating plate 10 increases the transfer surface temperature Tp of the transfer material accordingly. The upper surface temperature T5 of the intermediate transfer member j sufficiently exceeds the melting temperature of the toner, and therefore the intermediate transfer member j! The toner in the soil toner image is dissolved in acid and transferred and fixed onto the transfer material.

しかも、第2図、第3図いずれの場合も熱ローラ2と熱
押圧ローラ2の挟圧点?過ぎると、転写材の転写同温r
x Tpおよび中間転写体夕の上面温すT5が共にトナ
ー溶融温間以下になるから、トナー像のオフセットが防
Iトされる。
Moreover, in both cases of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, is the pressure point between the heat roller 2 and the heat press roller 2? If it exceeds the transfer temperature of the transfer material
Since Tp and the temperature T5 of the upper surface of the intermediate transfer body are both below the toner melting temperature, offset of the toner image is prevented.

本発明の装置によれば、り上述べたように、転写定着領
域Cを通禍した中間転写体jの湿度を低く抑えることが
でき、中間転写体!全強制冷却せしめる必要がなくて自
然放熱による冷却で十分であり、トナー像相持体/が光
導電性感光体のような、その基本特性において熱に対し
て繊細な性質を有するものであってもその良好な特性を
阻害することがなく、或いは中間転写体jの材料成分の
一部がトナー像相持体/に付着すること、等の不都合を
防止することができると共に、中間転写体!が高温に加
熱されず又激しい温度変化に曝されないことによりその
耐久性全長期間に亘って保有せしめることができ、或い
は当該中間転写体夕の材質に必要とさj、る耐熱性の条
件が緩和され、材宵の選歌範囲が拡大さjてコストの低
下を図ることができる。
According to the apparatus of the present invention, as described above, the humidity of the intermediate transfer body j that has passed through the transfer and fixing area C can be kept low, and the humidity of the intermediate transfer body j! There is no need for complete forced cooling, and cooling by natural heat radiation is sufficient, even if the toner image carrier/image bearing member is sensitive to heat in its basic characteristics, such as a photoconductive photoreceptor. It is possible to prevent inconveniences such as not interfering with the good characteristics of the intermediate transfer member j or that some of the material components of the intermediate transfer member j adhere to the toner image carrier, and also to prevent the intermediate transfer member from being damaged. Because it is not heated to high temperatures or exposed to severe temperature changes, its durability can be maintained for a long period of time, or the heat resistance conditions required for the material of the intermediate transfer body are relaxed. As a result, the range of song selection for the evening can be expanded and costs can be reduced.

又トナーの定着は既述のように行なわれるので、転写定
着領域Cにおけるトナー像の中間転写体!よりの分離が
略完全に行なわ力1、従って転写定着後に中間転写体!
にはトナーが残留することが々くてトナー像担持体/が
汚れること、並びにオフセット現象の発生が防止される
Furthermore, since toner fixation is performed as described above, the intermediate transfer body of the toner image in the transfer fixing area C! The separation of the twists is almost completely performed with a force of 1, so the intermediate transfer body after transfer and fixing!
Toner often remains on the toner image carrier, which prevents the toner image bearing member from becoming dirty and from causing an offset phenomenon.

本発明においては、中間転写体!或いはトナー像担持体
/の強制冷却を禁するものではない。
In the present invention, the intermediate transfer body! Alternatively, forced cooling of the toner image bearing member is not prohibited.

本発明においては、無端ベルトによシ構成された中間転
写体!及びトナーは、図示の例におけるように当該中間
転写体!の懸架支持を兼ねて中間転写体!と接触する熱
ローラ2よりの伝導熱によって加熱されており、熱使用
の効率上好ましい〇又この場合において、中間転写体j
f当該熱ローラ2の中心角90度以上の中間転写体加熱
領域Bにおいて接触加熱せしめることが望でしい。この
よ(,2j ) うに中間転写体加熱値#2Bを充分大きくとることによ
り、転写定着領域Cに達したときには中間転写体!と熱
ローラ2との温度がほぼ平衡となっ友状憩が得られ、中
間転写体!上のトナーの転写定着領域GK入る直前の温
度を高い種変で制御することができて安定した転写定着
を行なうことができ、併せて熱ローラ2を小径なものと
することにより装置の小型化を図ることができる。
In the present invention, an intermediate transfer body constituted by an endless belt! and toner, as in the illustrated example, on the intermediate transfer body! Intermediate transfer body that also serves as suspension support! It is heated by conductive heat from the heat roller 2 that comes into contact with the intermediate transfer body j
f It is desirable to perform contact heating in the intermediate transfer member heating region B of the heat roller 2 having a center angle of 90 degrees or more. By setting the intermediate transfer body heating value #2B sufficiently large like this (, 2j), when the transfer fixing area C is reached, the intermediate transfer body! The temperature of the heat roller 2 and the temperature of the roller 2 are almost in equilibrium, and the intermediate transfer body is completely cooled. The temperature just before the upper toner enters the transfer and fixing area GK can be controlled at a high rate, allowing stable transfer and fixing.In addition, by making the heat roller 2 small in diameter, the device can be made more compact. can be achieved.

中間転写体j及びトナー像のトナーを加熱するためには
、第り図に示すように前記熱ローラ2全単なるローラl
−に代え、これにヒータ/3Aを有すリコン系のゴムに
より形成して離型性を有せしめることが好ましい0この
場合においてはローラ/2と熱ローラ13との接触幅は
大きいことが望ましい。
In order to heat the intermediate transfer body j and the toner of the toner image, as shown in FIG.
In place of -, it is preferable to form the roller with a recon rubber having a heater/3A to give it release properties. In this case, it is desirable that the contact width between the roller/2 and the heat roller 13 is large. .

第!図は本発明の他の実施例を示し、この例は、第7図
の例における転写材加熱板10の代りに、ヒータ/ダA
を有する転写材加熱ローラ/クラ熱押圧ローラ2に対接
して設け、更に転写材ガイド板/!を(,2に〕 設けたものである。そして転写材は第に図に示すように
、転写材加熱ローラ/ダと熱押圧ローラ2との挟圧部に
よる転写材加熱領域りを通過するときに転写材加熱ロー
ラ/ダにより加熱された後転写材ガイド板/Sに沿って
転写定着値切Cに至り、その後は第1図の例と同様にし
て中間転写体j上のトナー像が転写材上に転写定着され
る0前記転写材加熱ローラ/Zは第1図の場合と異なり
、転写材に瞬時的に熱を与えるものである。この転写材
加熱ローラ/ダの表面には、トナー等が付着しないよう
・例えばポリテトラフルオロエチレン、パーフルオロア
ルコキシ樹脂、或いはポリフルオロエチレン・プロピレ
ン等のフッ素系樹脂のコーチインク処理又はタフラム処
理を行なって離型性を付与しておくことが好ましく、或
いは付着トナーを除去するためにフェルト若しくはブレ
ードを並設してもよい。
No.! The figure shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the transfer material heating plate 10 in the example of FIG.
A transfer material heating roller/clathermal pressure roller 2 having a transfer material heating roller/! is provided in opposition to the transfer material guide plate/! As shown in the figure, when the transfer material passes through the transfer material heating area by the nipping part between the transfer material heating roller/da and the hot press roller 2, After the transfer material is heated by the transfer material heating roller/da, it reaches the transfer/fixing point C along the transfer material guide plate/S, and thereafter the toner image on the intermediate transfer member j is transferred in the same way as in the example of FIG. Unlike the case shown in Fig. 1, the transfer material heating roller/Z that transfers and fixes the toner onto the material instantaneously applies heat to the transfer material. For example, it is preferable to apply coach ink treatment or taflam treatment to a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, or polyfluoroethylene/propylene to impart mold releasability. Alternatively, felts or blades may be provided in parallel to remove adhering toner.

第2図は本発明の更に他の実施例を示し、この例は、熱
押圧ローラタとテンションローラ/ごとに無端ベルト/
2を懸架し、この無端ベル) /7の直進部を転写材移
動MPに沿って配置すると共に、これに対接するよう転
写材加熱板/θ全全般たものであり、転写材移動路/θ
は支持部/?において回動自在に枢支されている。/9
はヒータである。
FIG. 2 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention, in which an endless belt is attached to a heat press roller and a tension roller.
2 is suspended, and the rectilinear portion of this endless bell) /7 is arranged along the transfer material movement MP, and the entire transfer material heating plate /θ is placed in opposition to this, and the transfer material movement path /θ
Is the support part/? It is rotatably supported at. /9
is a heater.

このような構成によれば、転写材加熱板10と転写材と
の接触時間を自由に長くすることが可能であって、転写
材を高速で移動せしめながら確実に加熱することができ
る。又転写材の搬送が確実となって大きな信頼性が得ら
れ、四に転写材加熱板i。
According to such a configuration, it is possible to freely lengthen the contact time between the transfer material heating plate 10 and the transfer material, and it is possible to reliably heat the transfer material while moving it at high speed. In addition, the transfer material can be transported reliably, resulting in great reliability.Fourly, the transfer material heating plate i.

の形状も平板でよいので製造が容易とがる。Since the shape of the plate can be a flat plate, it is easy to manufacture.

#記無端ベルト/2の材質は、シリコン系ゴム、ポリイ
ミド、ポリイばドアミド等の耐熱性弾性体とするのが好
ましく、その厚さは材質によって異なるが、例えばθ、
/〜j龍、特にシリコン系ゴムの場合にはθ、j〜3龍
であることが好ましい。転写材加熱板/θには、既述の
ように適尚な表面処理を施してその摩擦係数を小さくシ
、耐摩耗性更には離型性を与えることが好ましい。又無
端ベルト/2との摩擦力を大きくするために、熱押圧ロ
ーラタ及びテンションローラ/にの外周面に竹ヲ形成し
てもよく、この場合に溝の深さはθ、/rnxFf:に
とするのが好ましい0尚テンシヨンローラ/にハ、無端
ベルト/2の片寄りを防止するために1中央部の外径を
両端部に比して大きくしたクラウンローラにより構成す
ると一層好ましい。
The material of the endless belt/2 is preferably a heat-resistant elastic material such as silicone rubber, polyimide, polyamide, etc., and its thickness varies depending on the material, but for example, θ,
/~j, especially in the case of silicone rubber, preferably θ, j~3. It is preferable that the transfer material heating plate/θ is subjected to an appropriate surface treatment as described above to reduce its coefficient of friction and impart wear resistance and release properties. In addition, in order to increase the frictional force with the endless belt /2, bamboo grooves may be formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the heat pressing roller and the tension roller.In this case, the depth of the groove is θ, /rnxFf: It is preferable to use a tension roller/2.In order to prevent the endless belt/2 from shifting to one side, it is more preferable to use a crown roller whose outer diameter at the center part is larger than that at both ends.

第c図は本発明の他の実施例を示し、この例においては
、転写材移動路PKおける転写定着領彼Cより上流側に
おいて、熱押圧ローラ2とは独立して、転写材加熱ロー
ラ/グと、これと共に転写材を挟圧するローラー2Qを
設けて構成さね、る0 このような構成によれば、転写
材の加熱が熱押圧ローラタとは無関係に行なわれるため
、熱押圧ローラタを加熱することが抑制され、ローラ2
θは単に転写材を転写材加熱ローラ/りに圧接せしめる
機能を果せばよいから、転写相加熱ローラ/Zの加熱効
率の向上と、転写材の加熱温度の制御精度の向上を図る
ことができ、従って過度の加熱によるオフセット現象の
発生を防止することができる。しかも転写材の加熱が、
熱押圧ローラ?と分離した位置で行なわれるため、熱押
圧ローラ2に付着したト(,2?) ナーが熱によって転写材に付着することが防tk−され
るo/jA 、 /jB 93転写材ガイド板である。
FIG. c shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the transfer material heating roller/ According to such a configuration, since the transfer material is heated independently of the hot press roller, the heat press roller is heated. roller 2
Since θ only has to perform the function of bringing the transfer material into pressure contact with the transfer material heating roller, it is possible to improve the heating efficiency of the transfer phase heating roller/Z and the control accuracy of the heating temperature of the transfer material. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of an offset phenomenon due to excessive heating. Moreover, the heating of the transfer material
Heat press roller? Since the toner (, 2?) adhering to the hot press roller 2 is prevented from adhering to the transfer material due to heat, the transfer material guide plate be.

実施例1 使用トナーは、溶融温度が716℃であるものを用いた
。中間転写体として、jOpmのベルト状のポリイミド
基体に50μmの厚さに、信が化学工業製のシリコンエ
ラストマーRTV −KE /300 f )ルエンに
溶解し、!θμmスプレー塗布したベルト状中間転写体
を用いた。感光体上の一次画像を転写部において、中間
転写体上に転写し、中間転写体の内1i10にjθφ、
2關厚のアルミロールに2關厚のシリコンゴムを被覆し
たゴムロールを設け1支持0−ルとし、支持ロールの内
部に設けたハロゲンランプのヒータにより中間転写体上
のトナー像を中間転写体とともに30℃に加熱した。た
押圧ロールとしては!θφ=2 mm厚のアルミロール
に/龍厚のシリコンゴムを被覆したものを用いて、内部
に設けたハロゲン・ランプのヒータにより20℃に加熱
し、これを中間転写体に押圧することによって転写定着
部を構成した。板状のシリコン内部に膜状の二(30) クロム系発熱体を坤込んだ面状発熱体をアルミ板に接着
した加熱板により、760℃に加熱した転写紙をこの転
写定着部へ、ラインスピード/!θ開/刻給紙速度で通
過させたところ、高温高湿の一条件下においても定着性
にすぐれ、しかも文字や線ににじみ、ふとりがなく、ま
た黒ベタや写真などのハーフ・トーンまで再現性のよい
最終画像を得ることかで@た0 実施例2 使用トナーは溶融温度が//夕℃であるものを用いた。
Example 1 The toner used had a melting temperature of 716°C. As an intermediate transfer member, silicone elastomer RTV-KE/300 f) manufactured by Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. was dissolved in luene to a thickness of 50 μm on a jOpm belt-shaped polyimide substrate. A belt-shaped intermediate transfer member spray-coated with θ μm was used. The primary image on the photoreceptor is transferred onto an intermediate transfer member in a transfer section, and jθφ,
A rubber roll coated with silicone rubber of a thickness of 2 mm is installed on a 2 mm thick aluminum roll, and the toner image on the intermediate transfer body is transferred to the intermediate transfer body by a heater of a halogen lamp installed inside the support roll. Heated to 30°C. As a pressure roll! θφ = 2 mm thick aluminum roll coated with thick silicone rubber is heated to 20°C by an internal halogen lamp heater, and transferred by pressing it against the intermediate transfer body. A fixing section was constructed. Transfer paper heated to 760°C is transferred to this transfer fixing section by a heating plate in which a sheet heating element with a chromium-based heating element embedded inside a silicon plate is bonded to an aluminum plate. speed/! When the paper was passed through the paper at θ open/marked paper feed speed, it showed excellent fixing properties even under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and there was no blurring or smearing on letters or lines, and even halftones such as solid black and photographs were reproduced. Example 2 A toner having a melting temperature of 1/2°C was used.

中間転写体として、2市厚50φのSvS  ローラの
表面に2酎厚のシリコンゴムを被覆したゴムロールの表
面に信越化学工業社製のシリコンエラストマーRTV 
−KE /300全トルエンに溶解し、100μmの厚
さにスプレー塗布したロール状の中間転写体分用いた感
光体上の一次画像を転写部において、この中間転写体に
押圧転、写し、このトナー像を中間転写体の内部に設け
たノ・ロゲンーランプのヒータにより中間転写体ととも
ににθ°0に加熱した。抑圧ロールとしては、!θφ2
朋厚のアルミロロールにより転写定着部を構成した!獅
圧ロールは内部に設けたハロゲン・ランプヒータにより
、lI′θ℃に加熱した。板状のシリコンゴム内部に膜
状のニクロム系発熱体を埋込んだ面状発熱体をアルミ板
に接着した加熱板によす760°Cに加熱した転写紙を
この転写定着部へ、ライン・スピード/jθ酊/崎の給
紙速度で通過させたところ、高温高湿の悪条件下におい
ても定着性にすぐれ、しかも文字や線ににじみ、ふとり
がなく、黒ベタや写真などのハーフ・トーンまで再現性
のよい最終画像を得ることができた0 本発明においては中間転写体をトナーの溶融温度より低
いことが要件の1つとなっているが、中間転写体は望ま
しくはトナーの溶融温度より/〜にθ゛0低く加熱され
る0才た、押圧体はl−グ0℃低く、転写機は0〜60
℃高く加熱されるのが望ましい0 以上、本発明の実施例について説明したが、本発明はそ
れに限られるものではなく、例えば熱押圧ローラタのヒ
ータタAを装着しないようにしてもよい。その場合も、
中間転写体jf加熱する熱ローラ7や転写材加熱板IO
からの熱により、平衡状態において熱押圧ローラタがト
ナーの溶融温度以下の適当な温度妬昇温して、本発明の
目的を達成することが可能である。
As an intermediate transfer body, silicone elastomer RTV manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. is coated on the surface of a rubber roll whose surface is coated with silicone rubber of 2mm thickness on the surface of an SvS roller with a thickness of 50mm.
-KE/300 The primary image on a photoreceptor using a roll-shaped intermediate transfer member, which was dissolved in toluene and spray-coated to a thickness of 100 μm, is transferred by pressure rolling onto this intermediate transfer member in a transfer section, and the toner is transferred to the intermediate transfer member. The image was heated to θ°0 along with the intermediate transfer member by a heater of a nozzle lamp provided inside the intermediate transfer member. As a suppression roll,! θφ2
The transfer and fixing section was constructed using Tomotsu's Aluminum Roll! The pressure roll was heated to lI'θ°C by a halogen lamp heater provided inside. Transfer paper heated to 760°C is placed on a heating plate made by bonding a planar heating element, in which a film-like nichrome heating element is embedded inside a plate-shaped silicone rubber plate, to an aluminum plate. When the paper was passed through the paper at the following paper feed speeds, it showed excellent fixation even under adverse conditions of high temperature and humidity, and there was no blurring or smearing on letters or lines, and it was able to print solid black and halftone images such as photographs. In the present invention, one of the requirements for the intermediate transfer member is that the temperature is lower than the melting temperature of the toner. The pressing body is heated to a low temperature of θ゛0 from
It is desirable to heat the product at a high temperature of 0.degree. C. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and, for example, the heater A of the heat press roller may not be installed. In that case too,
Thermal roller 7 and transfer material heating plate IO that heat the intermediate transfer body jf
It is possible to achieve the object of the present invention by heating the hot press roller to an appropriate temperature below the melting temperature of the toner in an equilibrium state.

本発明によれば、中間転写体j上のトナー像を窩い解像
度を保持したまま確実に又好適に転写材に転写定着でき
る上、トナー像担持体/上のトナーが抑圧によって中間
転写体!上に転写され、従ってトナー像担持体/上の潜
像を基本的に破壊することがないからこの潜像を再び現
像することによって同一の鮮明なトナー像を形成するこ
とができ、従ってリテンション方式を確実に実現するこ
とかできる0
According to the present invention, the toner image on the intermediate transfer member j can be reliably and suitably transferred and fixed onto the transfer material while maintaining the resolution, and the toner on the toner image carrier is suppressed to the intermediate transfer member! Therefore, since the latent image on the toner image carrier/on the toner image carrier is basically not destroyed, the same clear toner image can be formed by developing this latent image again. Therefore, the retention method 0

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の一実施例における装置の構成を示す説
明図、第2図および第3図は第7図の例におけるトナー
像?有する中間転写体と転写材お(33) よび熱抑圧体の温度変化を示すグラフ、第7図および第
j図はそれぞれ本発明の他の実施例を示す部分図、第6
図は第j図の例における全体図、第2図および第2図も
それぞれ本発明の他の実施例を示す装置の構成説明図で
ある。 /・・・トナー像相持体、 コ・・・潜像形成機構、3
・・・現像機構、    j・・・中間転写体、に・・
・押圧ローラ、    2・・・熱ローラ、2A・・・
ヒータ、     ♂・・・テンションローラ、?・・
・熱押圧ローラ、   ?A・・・ヒータ、/θ・・・
転写材加熱板、  /3・・・熱ローラ、/り・・・転
写胴加熱ローラ、 /夕・・・転写材ガイド板、 /に・・・テンションロ
ーラ、/7・・・無端ベル)、   7F・・・支持部
、/9・・・ヒータ、     A・・・転写領域、B
・・・中間転写体加熱領域、 C・・・転写定着領域、 D・・・転写材加熱領域、 P・・・転写材移動路、T
・・・トナー像。 (3グ) 第2図 丁P。 160°C Oi   2345 rQ v13図 TP、 140’C 012,345 m fJA不ぐ
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are toner images in the example of FIG. 7. 7 and 6 are partial views showing other embodiments of the present invention, respectively.
The figure is an overall view of the example shown in FIG. J, and FIGS. /...toner image carrier, c...latent image forming mechanism, 3
...developing mechanism, j...intermediate transfer body,...
・Press roller, 2... Heat roller, 2A...
Heater, ♂...tension roller, ?・・・
・Heat pressure roller, ? A... Heater, /θ...
Transfer material heating plate, /3...heat roller, /ri...transfer cylinder heating roller, /event...transfer material guide plate, /ni...tension roller, /7...endless bell), 7F...Support part, /9...Heater, A...Transfer area, B
... Intermediate transfer body heating area, C... Transfer fixing area, D... Transfer material heating area, P... Transfer material moving path, T
...Toner statue. (3g) Figure 2, page P. 160°C Oi 2345 rQ v13 TP, 140'C 012,345 m fJA

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1、トナー像をトナー像担持体から、中間転写体に転写
し、該中間転写体から転写材に転写、定着するトナー像
転写、定着方法において、上記中間転写体上のトナー像
をトナーの溶融温度より低い温度に加熱するとともに、
上記転写材を上記中間転写体に押圧する押圧体をトナー
の溶融温度より低い温度に加熱し、かつ、トナーの溶融
温度以上の温度に加熱された転写材を転写、定着位置に
送り込むことにより、トナー像を上記転写材に転写、定
着することを特徴とするトナー像転写、定着方法。 2、トナー像が、トナー像相持体から中間転写体に転写
され、該中間転写体から転写材に再転されて定着せしめ
られるトナー像転写定着装置において、上記中間転写体
上のトナー像を該トナーの溶融温度より低い温度に加熱
する手段と、上記転写制を中間転写体に圧接させる押圧
体をトナーの溶融温度より低い温度に加熱する手段と、
上記転写材を中間転写体に圧接する前にトナーの溶融温
度以上にカU熱する手段とを設けたことを特徴とするト
ナー像転写定着装置。 3 前記トナー像相持体と中間転写体が共にそれぞれロ
ール状またはベルト状の回動体である特許請求の範囲第
2項記載のトナー像転写定着装置。 4 前記中間転写体の上面がシリコン系ゴムまたはフッ
素糸ゴムよりなる特許請求の範囲第2項まだは第6項記
載のトナー像転写定着装置。 5 前記中間転写体上のトナー像を加熱する手段が中間
転写体の下面側に接して中間転写体を回動せしめる熱ロ
ーラであり、前記押圧体が上記熱ローラとの間で中間転
写体と転写材とを挟圧して送る加熱手段を内蔵した熱押
圧ローラである特許請求の範囲第3項才たけ第4項記載
のトナー像転写定着装置。 6. 前記中間転写体がベルト状の回動体であり、前記
熱ローラとは別に中間転写体の下面側に中間転写体をト
ナー像担持体に圧接させる押圧ローラが設けられている
特許請求の範囲第5項記載のトナー像転写定着装置。
[Claims] 1. A toner image transfer and fixing method in which a toner image is transferred from a toner image carrier to an intermediate transfer member, and transferred and fixed from the intermediate transfer member to a transfer material, wherein: heating the toner image to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner;
By heating a pressing member that presses the transfer material against the intermediate transfer body to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner, and sending the transfer material heated to a temperature higher than the toner melting temperature to a transfer and fixing position, A toner image transfer and fixing method characterized by transferring and fixing a toner image onto the above transfer material. 2. In a toner image transfer fixing device in which a toner image is transferred from a toner image carrier to an intermediate transfer member, and transferred from the intermediate transfer member again to a transfer material and fixed, the toner image on the intermediate transfer member is transferred to the intermediate transfer member. means for heating a pressing member that presses the transfer system against the intermediate transfer member to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the toner;
A toner image transfer and fixing device comprising: means for heating the transfer material to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the toner before pressing the transfer material against the intermediate transfer member. 3. The toner image transfer and fixing device according to claim 2, wherein the toner image carrier and the intermediate transfer member are both roll-shaped or belt-shaped rotating bodies. 4. The toner image transfer and fixing device according to claim 2 or claim 6, wherein the upper surface of the intermediate transfer body is made of silicone rubber or fluorine rubber. 5. The means for heating the toner image on the intermediate transfer body is a heat roller that contacts the lower surface side of the intermediate transfer body and rotates the intermediate transfer body, and the pressing body is heated between the heat roller and the intermediate transfer body. 4. The toner image transfer and fixing device according to claim 3, wherein the toner image transfer fixing device is a heat pressing roller having a built-in heating means for feeding the transfer material while pinching it. 6. Claim 5: The intermediate transfer body is a belt-shaped rotating body, and a pressure roller is provided on the lower surface side of the intermediate transfer body separately from the heat roller to press the intermediate transfer body against the toner image carrier. The toner image transfer and fixing device described in .
JP18229281A 1981-11-13 1981-11-16 Method and device for transfer and fixing of toner image Granted JPS5885463A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18229281A JPS5885463A (en) 1981-11-16 1981-11-16 Method and device for transfer and fixing of toner image
US06/439,426 US4430412A (en) 1981-11-13 1982-11-05 Method and apparatus for transferring and fixing toner image using controlled heat
DE19823241816 DE3241816A1 (en) 1981-11-13 1982-11-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING AND FIXING A TONER IMAGE

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18229281A JPS5885463A (en) 1981-11-16 1981-11-16 Method and device for transfer and fixing of toner image

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5885463A true JPS5885463A (en) 1983-05-21
JPH0363757B2 JPH0363757B2 (en) 1991-10-02

Family

ID=16115726

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP18229281A Granted JPS5885463A (en) 1981-11-13 1981-11-16 Method and device for transfer and fixing of toner image

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5885463A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1717645A3 (en) * 2005-03-30 2007-02-07 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Intermediate transfer member having a compressible layer and an external heating

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1717645A3 (en) * 2005-03-30 2007-02-07 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Intermediate transfer member having a compressible layer and an external heating
US7274902B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2007-09-25 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Printer transfer member

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0363757B2 (en) 1991-10-02

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