JPS5875601A - Controller for temperature rise of boiler - Google Patents
Controller for temperature rise of boilerInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5875601A JPS5875601A JP17368681A JP17368681A JPS5875601A JP S5875601 A JPS5875601 A JP S5875601A JP 17368681 A JP17368681 A JP 17368681A JP 17368681 A JP17368681 A JP 17368681A JP S5875601 A JPS5875601 A JP S5875601A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- boiler
- temperature increase
- increase rate
- time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はボイラの昇温制御装置に係り、特に過熱器など
を備えていない比較的小型のボイラにおける昇濡制御装
ＦＩｔＫ関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a temperature increase control device for a boiler, and particularly to a wetting/wetting control device FItK for a relatively small boiler not equipped with a superheater or the like.
ボイラ、を起動して所定の運転圧力に達するまでの昇圧
過程において、急激に蒸気温度を上げると例えはドラム
の上、下関の温度差か過大になり熱応力が生じる。多く
の場合、これが即座に大事故に結びつくことはないが、
このような起動を繰り返していると、やがてドラムにク
ラックか発生するなどして、ボイラの寿命が短縮する。When the boiler is started and the pressure is increased until the predetermined operating pressure is reached, if the steam temperature is suddenly raised, the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the drum becomes too large, causing thermal stress. In many cases, this does not immediately lead to a major accident, but
If this kind of startup is repeated, cracks will eventually occur in the drum, shortening the life of the boiler.
特に水から蒸気になるまでの時間が長く、この間の昇温
速度の管理が重要である。In particular, it takes a long time for water to turn into steam, and it is important to control the rate of temperature rise during this time.
一方、プロセス側からの要求では、ボイラの起動時点か
らなるべく早く蒸気が欲しいわけであり、安全すぎる起
動は時間的な損失になる。On the other hand, the request from the process side is that they want steam as soon as possible from the time the boiler is started, so starting up too safely will result in a loss of time.
中、小型のボイラでは、特に昇温過程の制御装置を備え
ていないものがほとんどである。従ってボイラ起動時に
はバーナの燃焼条件などを低負荷にセットし、それで起
動して所定の運転圧力に達するまで待つ方法をとってお
り、時間がかかり鐘ぎる。特にボイラを起動してからな
るべく早く蒸気が欲しい場合には、運転員が圧力計を見
ながら順次高負荷に切り替えながら運転圧力まで昇圧し
てい友。しかし、蒸気が出るまでの時間は全昇圧時間の
半分ぐらいと長いＫもかかわらず圧力計に指示がでない
から、この間の運転は運転員のかんに頼って操作してい
友。その几め判断に誤りを生じるおそれがあり、適正な
昇温管理ができない。Most small and medium-sized boilers are not equipped with a control device for the heating process. Therefore, when starting the boiler, the combustion conditions of the burner are set to a low load, and then the boiler is started and waited until the predetermined operating pressure is reached, which takes time and causes ringing. In particular, if steam is needed as quickly as possible after starting the boiler, the operator must watch the pressure gauge and gradually increase the load to the operating pressure. However, the time it takes for steam to come out is about half of the total pressurization time, and even though there is no indication on the pressure gauge, the operation during this time is dependent on the operator's control. There is a risk that errors may occur in the careful judgment, and appropriate temperature rise management cannot be performed.
また前述のような操作では、１台のボイラに１人の運転
員が専従罠なってしまう定め、極数台のボイラを備え几
事業所では運転員の削減かできないなどの欠点を有して
いる。In addition, the above-mentioned operation has the disadvantage that one operator is required to work exclusively for each boiler, and that at the Kaori Plant, which has only a few boilers, it is only possible to reduce the number of operators. There is.
本発明の目的は、このような従来技術の欠点を解消し、
安価で、しかもボイラ蒸気が出るまでの時間帯における
適正な昇温制御が行なわれるボイラの昇温制御装置を提
供するにある。The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate such drawbacks of the prior art,
To provide a boiler temperature increase control device that is inexpensive and can perform appropriate temperature increase control during the time period until boiler steam is released.
この目的を達成する几め、本発明は、ボイラの出口燃焼
ガス温度を検出する温度検出手段と、その温度検出手段
で検出されたボイラ出口ガス温度をそれに相応する缶水
温度に換算するボイラ出口ガス温度−缶水温度換算手段
と、その換算手段によって所定時間毎に換算される缶水
温度から昇温速度を算出する昇温速度算出手段と、÷幼
棒ｉ肴良鼻基手１藷；その昇温速度算出手段によって算
出され几昇温速度と予め設定された目標昇温速度とを比
較する比較手段と、その比較手段の比較結果に基づいて
ボイラの燃焼状態を調整する燃焼状１Ｉｉｌ調整手段と
を備え友ことを特徴とする。To achieve this object, the present invention provides a temperature detection means for detecting the combustion gas temperature at the boiler outlet, and a boiler outlet for converting the boiler outlet gas temperature detected by the temperature detection means into a corresponding boiler water temperature. a gas temperature--canned water temperature conversion means; a temperature-increasing rate calculation means for calculating a temperature-increasing rate from the canned water temperature converted every predetermined time by the converting means; a comparison means for comparing the temperature increase rate calculated by the temperature increase rate calculation means with a preset target temperature increase rate; and a combustion condition 1Iil adjustment for adjusting the combustion state of the boiler based on the comparison result of the comparison means. It is characterized by having the means and being a friend.
次に本発明の実施例を図とともに説明する。第１図は、
ボイラの出口燃焼ガス温度と缶水温度との関係を示す図
である、この図に示すよ５にボイラ出口ガス温度と缶水
温度との間には相関関係かあり、本発明はこの相関関係
を利用したものである。Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows
5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the combustion gas temperature at the boiler outlet and the can water temperature. As shown in this diagram, there is a correlation between the boiler outlet gas temperature and the can water temperature, and the present invention aims to solve this correlation. This is what was used.
第２図は本発明の実施例に係る昇温制御装置の概略構成
を示すブロック図、第３図はその制御装置のフルーチャ
ートである。第２図において１はボイラ、２はバーナ、
３は送風機、４は燃料流製調整弁、５は空気量調整ダン
パ駆動部、６はボイラ出口ガス温度検出器、Ｔは燃料流
量検出器、８は空気ｆ＆量検出鮨、９は主制御部、１０
は表示装置、１１は燃料量制御部、１２は空気量制御部
１１３は昇温速度設定ダイヤル、１４はアラームなどの
警報装置である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a temperature increase control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the control device. In Figure 2, 1 is a boiler, 2 is a burner,
3 is a blower, 4 is a fuel flow control valve, 5 is an air volume adjustment damper drive unit, 6 is a boiler outlet gas temperature detector, T is a fuel flow rate detector, 8 is an air f&amount detection plate, 9 is a main control unit , 10
11 is a display device, 11 is a fuel amount control section, 12 is an air amount control section 113 is a heating rate setting dial, and 14 is a warning device such as an alarm.
ボイラ１の起動にともなってそのボイラ出口の燃焼ガス
温度がボイラ出口ガス温度検出器６によって検出され１
主制＊Ｉｗ、ｓｙ入力されるようＫなっている。この主
制御部９Ｆｉマイクロコンピユータを応用したもので、
入力装置と出力装敏と中央処理装置と記憶装置とを備え
ている。As the boiler 1 is started, the combustion gas temperature at the boiler outlet is detected by the boiler outlet gas temperature detector 6.
K is set so that the master *Iw,sy is input. This main control unit uses a 9Fi microcomputer,
It is equipped with an input device, an output device, a central processing unit, and a storage device.
前記記憶装置には第１図に示す関係、すなわち各ボイラ
出口ガス温度に相応する缶水温度が換算データとしてそ
れぞれ予め記憶さ扛ている。第３図においてステラフ”
（以下Ｓと略記する）１で主制御部９に前記ガス温度検
出器６がらの検出信号（ガス温度）を一定時間毎に取込
み、今取込んだ検出信号（ガス温度）をＴＧｌとすると
、Ｓ２で前記換算データに基づいてこのＴＧｌをそｆｌ
ｌｃ相応する缶水温度ＴＤ１に換算する。そして換算さ
れ念その信号（缶水温度）は、８３でディジタルフィル
タリングによって平滑化さｎる。In the storage device, the relationship shown in FIG. 1, that is, the can water temperature corresponding to each boiler outlet gas temperature is stored in advance as conversion data. In Figure 3, “Stellaf”
(hereinafter abbreviated as S) 1, the main control unit 9 takes in the detection signal (gas temperature) from the gas temperature detector 6 at regular intervals, and if the detection signal (gas temperature) just taken in is TGl, In S2, this TGl is converted based on the conversion data.
Convert to canned water temperature TD1 corresponding to lc. The converted signal (canned water temperature) is then smoothed by digital filtering at 83.
換算された缶水温度ＴＤ１は、Ｓ４において前記ガス温
度ＴＧ１を取込む前に取込んだガス温度Ｔ Ｇ Ｏから
換算さｎる缶水温度ＴＤＯと比較され、ガス温度検出器
６からの取込み周期が予め決められているから、缶水温
度ＴＤｏとＴＤｌの差と取込み周期（時間）より現在の
ボイラにおける缶水の昇温速度Ｃか算出さｎる。なお、
換算された缶水温度Ｔ１．１１あるいｔｉ（および）算
出された昇温速度Ｃは、テレビなどの表示袋に１０に表
示される。The converted canned water temperature TD1 is compared with the canned water temperature TDO calculated from the gas temperature TGO taken before the gas temperature TG1 is taken in at S4, and the taken-in period from the gas temperature detector 6 is compared with the canned water temperature TDO. is predetermined, the current heating rate C of the can water in the boiler is calculated from the difference between the can water temperatures TDo and TDl and the intake period (time). In addition,
The converted can water temperature T1.11 or ti (and) the calculated temperature increase rate C are displayed at 10 on a display bag of a television or the like.
これより別に１昇温速度設定ダイヤル１３によって目標
昇温速度Ｍが設定される。この目標昇濡途ｐｉＭは諸種
の実験や計算などによって決めらｎ几ものである。この
目標昇温速度Ｍには、例えばドラムに熱応力が生じない
でｏＪ及的に短い時間で昇温できる短時間型昇温パター
ン、ボイラの起動から運転蒸気か得らｎるまでは時間か
かかるかその間の燃焼効率、熱効率が良い省エネルギ型
昇温パターン、前記短時間型昇温パターンと省エネルギ
型昇温パターンの中間の中間型昇温パターンなどがあり
、その時の運転条件に適応した昇温パターンを前記昇温
速度設定ダイヤル１３で選択設定すればよい。Separately from this, a target temperature increase rate M is set using the 1 temperature increase rate setting dial 13. This target elevation rate piM is determined by various experiments and calculations. This target heating rate M includes, for example, a short-time heating pattern that can raise the temperature in a short period of time without causing thermal stress on the drum, and a short-time heating pattern that can raise the temperature in a short period of time without causing thermal stress on the drum. There are energy-saving heating patterns that have good combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency, and intermediate heating patterns that are between the short-time heating patterns and energy-saving heating patterns that are suitable for the operating conditions at the time. The temperature increase pattern may be selected and set using the temperature increase rate setting dial 13.
Ｓ５でこの昇温速度設定ダイヤル１３で設定された目標
昇温速度Ｍが主制御部９に取込まれ、これと前記算出昇
温速度Ｃの比較が主制御部９で１．Ｉｌ：きｎる（Ｓ６
）。この比較結果、算出昇温速度Ｃが目標昇温速度Ｍと
一致している場合は、８７および８８に進み主制御部９
の出力装置から燃料−制御部１１と空気量制御部１２へ
燃料ならびに燃焼用空気の供給量はそのままでよいとい
う制御信号を送る。そしてその制御信号に基づいて、燃
料量制御部１１では燃料流量調整弁４をその１−まの状
態に、空気量制御部１２では空気量調整ダンパ駆動部５
をそのままの状態にそれぞ扛維持する指令信号か出力さ
れる。In S5, the target temperature increase rate M set by the temperature increase rate setting dial 13 is taken into the main control section 9, and the main control section 9 compares this with the calculated temperature increase rate C. Il: Kinru (S6
). As a result of this comparison, if the calculated temperature increase rate C matches the target temperature increase rate M, the process proceeds to 87 and 88, and the main control unit 9
A control signal is sent from the output device to the fuel control section 11 and the air amount control section 12 to indicate that the supply amounts of fuel and combustion air may remain unchanged. Then, based on the control signal, the fuel amount control section 11 sets the fuel flow rate adjustment valve 4 to the 1st state, and the air amount control section 12 puts the air amount adjustment damper drive section 5 in the 1-1st state.
A command signal is output to maintain each of them in the same state.
算出昇温速度Ｃか目標昇温速度Ｍより遅い鳩舎、丁なわ
ち第３図においてＭ−Ｃ＞Ｏの場合はＳ９および８１０
に進み、主制御部９でその偏差が演算処理され、偏差量
、か燃料量制御部１１と空気量。If the calculated temperature increase rate C is slower than the target temperature increase rate M, that is, in the case of M-C>O in FIG. 3, S9 and 810
Then, the main control section 9 calculates the deviation and calculates the deviation amount or the fuel amount control section 11 and the air amount.
制御部１２Ｋｌｆｄ制御信号として入力される。そして
燃料１を制御部１１では、前記偏差量に応じて以ｆＪ＋
１１１１
の燃料蓋に調整燃料量を追加する指令Ｍ号か出力され（
Ｓ９）、それにより燃料流量調整弁４の開曳か大きくな
る。−力、空気量制御部１２では、前記偏差量に応じて
以前の空気量に調整空気量を追加する指令信号が出力さ
れ（８１０）、それＫより空気量調整ダンパ躯動部５が
作動して、ダンパの開度か大きくなる。It is input as a control signal Klfd to the control unit 12. Then, the control unit 11 controls the fuel 1 from fJ+ to fJ+ according to the deviation amount.
The command number M to add the adjusted fuel amount to the fuel lid of 1111 is output (
S9), thereby increasing the opening of the fuel flow rate regulating valve 4. - The force and air amount control section 12 outputs a command signal to add the adjusted air amount to the previous air amount according to the deviation amount (810), and the air amount adjustment damper sliding section 5 is actuated from this command signal. As a result, the damper opening will increase.
一方、算出昇温速度Ｃが目標昇温速度Ｍより速い場合、
すなわち第３図においてＭ−Ｃ＜Ｏの場合は８１１およ
び８１２＝に進み、主制御部９でその偏差が演算処理さ
れ、偏差蓋が燃料量制御部１１と空気量制御部１２に制
御信号として人力される。On the other hand, if the calculated temperature increase rate C is faster than the target temperature increase rate M,
That is, in FIG. 3, if M-C<O, the process proceeds to 811 and 812=, where the main control section 9 calculates the deviation and sends the deviation lid to the fuel amount control section 11 and the air amount control section 12 as a control signal. Man-powered.
そして燃料量制御部１１では、前記偏差量に応じて以前
の燃料量から調整燃料量だけ減少させる指令信号か出力
され（８１１）、それにより燃料流［１１整弁４の開度
か小さくなる。一方、空気量制御部１２では１かＪ創傷
差量に応じて以前の空気量から調整空気量だけ減少させ
る指令信号が出力され（８１２）、それによりダンパの
開度が小さくなる。Then, the fuel amount control unit 11 outputs a command signal to reduce the previous fuel amount by the adjusted fuel amount according to the deviation amount (811), thereby reducing the fuel flow [11 and the opening degree of the regulating valve 4]. On the other hand, the air amount control unit 12 outputs a command signal to reduce the previous air amount by the adjusted air amount in accordance with the wound difference amount of 1 or J (812), thereby reducing the opening degree of the damper.
そして８１３において前記換算された缶水温度ＴＤ１は
ＴＤＯとして主制御部９に記憶され、次のサンプリング
時に昇温速度の算出に用いらｎる。このよ５ｋＴ、、の
取込みからＴ。０の記憶までのステップが、運転蒸気が
得られるまで繰返して行なわれる。Then, in 813, the converted canned water temperature TD1 is stored in the main control unit 9 as TDO, and is used to calculate the temperature increase rate at the next sampling time. T from the intake of 5kT. The steps up to the storage of 0 are repeated until operating steam is obtained.
θσ記実施例では目標昇温速度を昇温速度設定ダイヤル
に記憶させて、そのダイヤルによって目標昇温速度をセ
ットしていたが、昇温速度設定ダイヤルを用いないで、
主制御部の記憶部に各柚パターンの目標昇温速度を記憶
しておき、入力装置のボタン操作などＫよりボイラの運
転条件に適応した目標昇温ＷＡ度を選択・設定すること
ができる。In the embodiment described in θσ, the target temperature increase rate was stored in the temperature increase rate setting dial and the target temperature increase rate was set using the dial, but the temperature increase rate setting dial was not used.
The target temperature increase rate of each yuzu pattern is stored in the storage section of the main control section, and the target temperature increase WA degree adapted to the operating conditions of the boiler can be selected and set by K such as button operation of the input device.
なお目標昇温速度は、ボイラ起動から運転蒸気が得られ
るまでの間常に一定にすることもできるし、また、ボイ
ラの起動時近辺は比較的ゆるやかに温度を上げ、中間以
降は昇温速度を早めるなど変速形の制御も可能である。The target heating rate can be kept constant from the time the boiler is started until operating steam is obtained, or the temperature can be raised relatively slowly around the time the boiler is started, and the heating rate can be reduced from the middle of the boiler onwards. Variable speed control such as speeding up the speed is also possible.
特に＆！者の方法では、ドラムでの熱応力の発生かほと
んどなく、シかも昇温時間か短縮できる。especially&! With this method, almost no thermal stress is generated in the drum, and the heating time can be shortened.
第４図に示すよ５に、目標昇温速度に上限値（曲線イ）
と下限値（曲線口）と中間値（曲線へ）とを設け、目標
昇温速度幅を広げることかできる。As shown in Figure 4, the upper limit (curve A) for the target temperature increase rate is shown in 5.
By setting a lower limit value (at the beginning of the curve) and an intermediate value (toward the curve), it is possible to widen the range of the target heating rate.
このようにすれば、燃料ならびに空気の供給量を顛諏に
調整する必要かなく、制御系が安定している。In this way, there is no need to precisely adjust the supply amounts of fuel and air, and the control system is stable.
１５５本発明ようにボイラの出口燃焼ガス温度を検出す
れば、伝熱面の汚ｎ、ガスリーク、熱放散などの異常事
態を検知することもできる。すなわち各時点で昇温速度
を算出することにより、この算出昇温速度が目標昇温速
度よりも大きく異なる場合は、前述のｊうな異常事態が
発生していると判断できる。155 By detecting the boiler exit combustion gas temperature as in the present invention, it is also possible to detect abnormal situations such as contamination of heat transfer surfaces, gas leaks, and heat dissipation. That is, by calculating the temperature increase rate at each point in time, if the calculated temperature increase rate is significantly different from the target temperature increase rate, it can be determined that an abnormal situation such as j described above has occurred.
本発明は前述のような構成罠なっており、適正な昇温制
御が簡単にでき、ドラムにクラックが発生することがな
く、ボイラの耐用寿命を延長することができる。まｔ１
本発明では蒸気温度を直接測定する温度検出器は不要で
あり、ボイラの運転時に使用するボイラ出口ガス温度検
出器をそのまま昇温制御に用いられるから安価である。The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and can easily control the temperature increase appropriately, prevent cracks from occurring in the drum, and extend the service life of the boiler. Mat1
The present invention does not require a temperature detector that directly measures the steam temperature, and is inexpensive because the boiler outlet gas temperature detector used during boiler operation can be used as is for temperature increase control.
第１図はボイラ出ロガス混度−缶水温度特性、第２図は
本発明の実施例に係る昇温制御装置の概略構成を示すプ
シツク図、第３図はその昇温制御製電のフローチャート
、第４図は１榛昇温パターンの変形師・を示す説明図で
ある。
１・・・・・・ボイラ、４・・・・・・燃料流ｉｔｓ整
弁Ｓ５・・・・・・空気鷲調整ダンパ駆動部、６・・・
・・・ボイラ出ロガス温度検出儲、９・・・・・・主制
御部、１１・・・・・・燃料蓋制御部１１２・・・・・
・空気量制御部、１３・・・・・・昇温速度設定ダイヤ
ル
第１図 第４図
第２図Fig. 1 shows the boiler output log gas mixture vs. boiler water temperature characteristics, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the schematic configuration of a temperature increase control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a flowchart of its temperature increase control electric manufacturing process. , FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a modification of the one-step temperature increase pattern. 1...Boiler, 4...Fuel flow regulating valve S5...Air eagle adjustment damper drive unit, 6...
... Boiler output log gas temperature detection, 9 ... Main control section, 11 ... Fuel lid control section 112 ...
・Air amount control unit, 13...Heating rate setting dial Fig. 1 Fig. 4 Fig. 2
Claims (1)
と、その温度検出手段で検出されたボイラ出口ガス温度
をそれに相応する缶水温度に換算するボイラ出口ガス温
度−缶水温度換算手段と１その換算手段によって所定時
間毎に換算される缶水温度から昇温速度を算出する昇温
速度算出手段と、その昇温速度算出手段によって算出さ
ｎＬ昇温速度と予め設定された目標昇温速度とを比較す
る比較手段と、その比較手段の比較結果に基づいてボイ
ラの燃焼状態を調整する燃焼状態調整手段とを備えｔこ
とを特徴とするボイラの昇温制御装置。t. Temperature detection means for detecting the boiler outlet combustion gas temperature; Boiler outlet gas temperature-can water temperature conversion means for converting the boiler outlet gas temperature detected by the temperature detection means into a corresponding can water temperature; 1. a temperature increase rate calculation means for calculating a temperature increase rate from the canned water temperature converted every predetermined time by a conversion means, and a nL temperature increase rate calculated by the temperature increase rate calculation means and a preset target temperature increase rate. 1. A boiler temperature increase control device comprising a comparison means for comparing the results of the comparison, and a combustion state adjustment means for adjusting the combustion state of the boiler based on the comparison result of the comparison means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17368681A JPS5875601A (en) | 1981-10-31 | 1981-10-31 | Controller for temperature rise of boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17368681A JPS5875601A (en) | 1981-10-31 | 1981-10-31 | Controller for temperature rise of boiler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5875601A true JPS5875601A (en) | 1983-05-07 |
Family
ID=15965217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17368681A Pending JPS5875601A (en) | 1981-10-31 | 1981-10-31 | Controller for temperature rise of boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5875601A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017207258A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-11-24 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Heat medium boiler system |
-
1981
- 1981-10-31 JP JP17368681A patent/JPS5875601A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017207258A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-11-24 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Heat medium boiler system |
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