JPS5874195A - Methane fermentation tank - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the size in the entire part of a device and to reduce costs by providing a methane fermentation tank, a gas boiler which is operated by the detection with a detector for the pressure of fermentation gases and burns the gases from the fermentation tank and a hot water storage tank. CONSTITUTION:Raw materials for fermentation such as garbage charged through a feed port 3 for raw materials for fermentation is fermented and decomposed to methane, gaseous carbon dioxide, etc. in the digesting liquid 1 in a methane fermentation tank 2. The pressure of the gases produced by the fermentation is detected with a detector 7 for the pressure of the fermentation gases and when prescribed pressure is attained, a solenoid valve 9 is opened by a controller 12 to operate a pilot igniting device 13 by which the main burner in a gas boiler 8 is ignited. The heat generated in the boiler 8 is transferred to a hot water storage tank 6 with a heat exchanger 10 and part of the stored hot water is supplied to the heat exchanger 5 so as to be used for insulating the heat of the tank 2. If necessary, said hot water is supplied to apparatus 11 for hot water supplying, heating, etc.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 一般にメタン発酵装置には、メタン発酵させる発酵槽と
、発酵ガスを貯溜するガスタンクから成る２体型と、発
酵槽とガスタンクを一体化した一体型とが用いられてい
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In general, methane fermentation devices are of two types, consisting of a fermenter for methane fermentation and a gas tank for storing fermentation gas, and an integrated type that is a combination of a fermenter and a gas tank.

次にガスタンクのガス収容容量としては、発酵槽で生成
されるガス量の約１日分以上の発酵ガス貯溜が経験的に
最適とされているが、これは発酵槽の１〜１０倍の体積
となる。Next, as for the gas storage capacity of the gas tank, it has been empirically shown that the optimal storage capacity for fermentation gas is approximately one day's worth of gas produced in the fermenter, but this is 1 to 10 times the volume of the fermenter. becomes.

なり、装置の小型化が要望されてきた。As a result, there has been a demand for smaller devices.

本発明はこのような要望を満し、小型のメタン発酵装置
を提供するもので、以下、本発明の一実施例を添付図面
と共に説明する。The present invention satisfies these demands and provides a small-sized methane fermentation device.One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図において１はメタン発酵槽２中の消化液、３は発酵原
料投入口、４は発酵ガス取出口、６は貯湯槽６から温湯
の供給を受ける消化液保温用の熱交換器である。７はメ
タン発酵槽１内の発酵ガス圧検出器、８は発酵ガスを燃
焼させるガスボイラー、９は発酵ガスのガスボイラー８
への供給を制御する電磁弁、１０はガスボイラー８で発
生した熱を貯湯槽６へ伝える熱交換器、１１は貯湯槽６
からの湯を利用する給湯器、暖房器等の機器である。In the figure, 1 is a digestive fluid in a methane fermentation tank 2, 3 is a fermentation raw material inlet, 4 is a fermentation gas outlet, and 6 is a heat exchanger for keeping the digestive fluid warm, which receives hot water from a hot water storage tank 6. 7 is a fermentation gas pressure detector in the methane fermentation tank 1, 8 is a gas boiler that burns fermentation gas, and 9 is a gas boiler 8 for fermentation gas.
10 is a heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated in the gas boiler 8 to the hot water storage tank 6; 11 is a heat exchanger that controls the supply to the hot water storage tank 6;
Equipment such as water heaters and space heaters that use hot water from outside.

１２は発酵ガス圧検出器７からの信号により電磁弁９１
種火着火装置１３を制御する制御装置であるＯ 次に上記メタン発酵装置の動作について説明する。発酵
原料投入口３より投入された厨芥等の発酵原料は、メタ
ン発酵槽２の消化液１中で発酵し、メタン、炭酸ガス等
に分解される。この発酵ガスは消化液面上に貯溜され液
面を押し下げ、投入口液面が上昇してゆく。つまりメタ
ン発酵槽２内の圧力が上昇することになる。この発酵ガ
ス圧を発酵ガス圧検知器７で検出し、所定の圧力に達し
た時、制御装置１２により電磁弁９を開き、種火着火装
置１３を作動させてパイ、ロフトバーナーを点火し、そ
の後ガスボイラー８内のメインバーナーに着火させる。12 is a solenoid valve 91 which is activated by a signal from the fermentation gas pressure detector 7.
O is a control device that controls the pilot ignition device 13. Next, the operation of the methane fermentation device will be described. Fermentation raw materials such as kitchen waste inputted from the fermentation raw material input port 3 are fermented in the digestive fluid 1 of the methane fermentation tank 2 and decomposed into methane, carbon dioxide, and the like. This fermentation gas is stored above the digestive liquid level and pushes down the liquid level, causing the liquid level at the inlet to rise. In other words, the pressure inside the methane fermentation tank 2 increases. This fermentation gas pressure is detected by the fermentation gas pressure detector 7, and when it reaches a predetermined pressure, the control device 12 opens the solenoid valve 9, activates the starter ignition device 13, and ignites the pie and loft burner. After that, the main burner in the gas boiler 8 is ignited.

発酵ガスが郷焼するに従い消化液面は上昇しガス圧が低
下す、、る、。制御装置１２はメタン発酵槽内の圧力が
所定□め□圧力以下になったこ：　　　　　　とを検知
し電磁弁９を閉じる。上記操作は自動的に繰返し行われ
る。ガスボイラー８で発生した熱は熱交換器１ｏで貯湯
槽６に伝えられ、貯湯槽６に熱を湯に変換して貯蔵する
。貯えられた湯の一部は、熱交換器５に供給されてメタ
ン発酵槽２の保温用に用いるほか、必要に応じ給湯、暖
房等の機器１１に供給される。As the fermentation gas burns, the level of digestive fluid rises and the gas pressure decreases. The control device 12 detects that the pressure in the methane fermentation tank has fallen below a predetermined pressure and closes the solenoid valve 9. The above operation is automatically repeated. The heat generated by the gas boiler 8 is transferred to the hot water storage tank 6 by the heat exchanger 1o, and the heat is converted into hot water and stored in the hot water storage tank 6. A part of the stored hot water is supplied to the heat exchanger 5 and used for keeping the methane fermentation tank 2 warm, and is also supplied to equipment 11 for hot water supply, heating, etc. as necessary.

実施例を具体的に説明すると、０．５ｍ５容蓋のメタン
発酵槽を用いた場合、２６Ｋｆ／日の厨芥を発酵原料と
して処理すると、２．５ｍ／日の発酵ガスが発生した。To explain an example in detail, when a methane fermentation tank with a 0.5 m5 capacity was used and 26 Kf/day of kitchen waste was processed as a fermentation raw material, 2.5 m/day of fermentation gas was generated.

このガス量は１２５００Ｋｃａｔ／日に相当し、３２（
５０Ｋｃａｔ／ｈｒの能力のあるガスボイラーを用いる
と動作ｄｕｔ７１６％となった。上記メタン発酵槽の表
面積は約４ｍ′で、槽体材質の平均熱貫流係数は１．０
ＫｃａｔΔ２・ｈｒ・℃であるので、消化液温を約３６
℃に保った場合、平、均外気温１５℃の下で保温に約２
！０００ＫＣａ４／日が必要であった。This gas amount is equivalent to 12,500 Kcat/day, which is 32 (
When a gas boiler with a capacity of 50Kcat/hr was used, the operating duty was 716%. The surface area of the above methane fermentation tank is approximately 4 m', and the average heat transfer coefficient of the tank body material is 1.0.
Since KcatΔ2・hr・℃, the temperature of the digestive fluid is about 36
When kept at ℃, it takes about 2 hours to keep warm at an average outside temperature of 15℃.
! 000 KCa4/day was required.

１ ガスボイラーから今生じた熱の一部を上記保温に用いる
ため、貯湯−には約８０℃の湯が約１６０ｔ／日貯えら
れ、暖房をはじめ厨房、洗面等に供給できた。1. In order to use a portion of the heat generated from the gas boiler for the above-mentioned heat retention, about 160 tons/day of hot water at about 80°C was stored in the hot water storage area, which could be used for heating, the kitchen, washrooms, etc.

上記のように、本発明によれば、従来メタン発酵槽、ガ
スタンク、その他のけ属装置から成るメタン発酵装置の
うち、ガスタンクを削除し貯湯槽に置換えることにより
、装置全体の小型化、低コスト化、ｉ置設置の簡素化、
のみならず安全性向上が図れた。As described above, according to the present invention, from a conventional methane fermentation device consisting of a methane fermentation tank, a gas tank, and other attached devices, the gas tank is removed and replaced with a hot water storage tank, thereby reducing the overall size of the device and reducing costs. Reduce costs, simplify installation,
Not only that, but safety was also improved.

一部エネルギーを貯蔵するのに要する占有容積□を比較
すると、ガスタンクでは０．４　ｔ／Ｋｃａｔに対し、
貯湯槽では０．０３１／Ｋｃａｌとｈ０以下の小型化が
可能となる。また、重量的に見た場合もエネルギーを貯
蔵するのに、ガスタンクでは０．２に９／Ｋｃａｔに対
し、貯湯槽では０．０２１４　／　Ｋｃａｔと名。以下
の軽量化が実現でき、このことは装置設置時の基礎工事
等の簡素化を可能とすることができる。Comparing the occupied volume □ required to store some energy, a gas tank has 0.4 t/Kcat;
The hot water storage tank can be downsized to 0.031/Kcal, which is less than h0. Also, when looking at energy in terms of weight, it is 0.214/Kcat for a gas tank, while it is 0.0214/Kcat for a hot water tank. The following weight reduction can be achieved, which can simplify foundation work and the like when installing the device.

さらに、ガスタンクを設置した場合、メタンガスは特に
危険物には該当せず、貯蔵も微圧なので危険性は少いが
、貯溜にはガスタンクからのガスの漏洩、災害時の対処
等、メンテナンスに留意する必要がある。本発明では発
酵ガスを燃焼させて湯を沸かし、ガスタンクを貯湯槽に
置換しているため安全性の向上が図れたものである。Furthermore, if a gas tank is installed, methane gas is not considered a particularly dangerous substance and is stored at low pressure, so there is little danger, but care must be taken when storing it to prevent gas leakage from the tank and what to do in the event of a disaster. There is a need to. In the present invention, fermentation gas is combusted to boil water, and the gas tank is replaced with a hot water storage tank, which improves safety.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図は本発明の一実施例を示すメタン発酵装置の概略構成
を示す断面図である０ ２・・・・・・メタン発酵槽、６・・・・・・貯湯槽、
７・・−・・・発酵ガス圧検出器、８−・・・・ガスボ
イラー、１２・・・・・・制御装置０The figure is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a methane fermentation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.0 2...Methane fermentation tank, 6...Hot water storage tank,
7...Fermentation gas pressure detector, 8-...Gas boiler, 12...Control device 0

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 （１）　　メタン発酵槽と、このメタン発酵槽内圧おけ
る貯溜発酵ガス圧を検出する発酵ガス圧検出器と、この
発酵ガス圧検出器による一定のガス圧の検出により動作
しメタン発酵槽からのガスを燃焼させるガスボイラーと
、このガスボイラーでの燃焼により得られた湯を貯湯す
る貯湯槽とを備えたメタン発酵装置。 僻）ガスボイラーは発酵ガス圧検出器からの信号により
動作し着火燃焼させる制御装置を有する特許請求の範囲
第１項記載のメタン発酵装置。 （３）　　貯湯槽は給湯、暖房等の機器と連絡した特許
請求の範囲第ｉ項記載のメタン発酵装置。[Scope of Claims] (1) A methane fermentation tank, a fermentation gas pressure detector that detects the pressure of stored fermentation gas in the methane fermentation tank, and a constant gas pressure detected by the fermentation gas pressure detector. A methane fermentation device that includes a gas boiler that burns gas from a methane fermentation tank, and a hot water storage tank that stores hot water obtained by combustion in the gas boiler. 2. The methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas boiler has a control device that operates based on a signal from a fermentation gas pressure detector to cause ignition and combustion. (3) The methane fermentation device according to claim i, wherein the hot water storage tank is connected to equipment such as hot water supply and heating.