JPS5866760A - Forced circulation type water heater utilizing solar heat - Google Patents
Forced circulation type water heater utilizing solar heatInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5866760A JPS5866760A JP56166944A JP16694481A JPS5866760A JP S5866760 A JPS5866760 A JP S5866760A JP 56166944 A JP56166944 A JP 56166944A JP 16694481 A JP16694481 A JP 16694481A JP S5866760 A JPS5866760 A JP S5866760A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- collector
- pump
- photoswitch
- contact
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FRLJSGOEGLARCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cd+2] FRLJSGOEGLARCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000003152 Yellow Fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VRAIHTAYLFXSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3].[AlH3] VRAIHTAYLFXSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
- F24D19/1057—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses solar energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は強制循環式太陽熱利用温水器、畔しくは、太陽
熱を吸収しては内部を通る熱媒体を加熱するコレクタと
、コレクタへの熱媒体を供給すると共にコレクタで加熱
された熱媒体を貯える貯湯槽と、コレクタと貯湯槽との
間で熱媒体を強制循＃ａさせるポンプとを備えた太陽熱
利用温水器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a forced circulation type solar water heater, and more specifically, a collector that absorbs solar heat and heats a heat medium passing through the inside, and a collector that supplies the heat medium to the collector and is also provided with a collector that absorbs solar heat and heats a heat medium passing through the collector. The present invention relates to a solar water heater equipped with a hot water storage tank for storing a heated heat medium and a pump for forced circulation of the heat medium between a collector and the hot water storage tank.
従米仁の檜の強制循環式太陽熱利用温水器にあっては、
コしフタと貯湯槽とに夫々温Ｋｔンサを設けてコレクタ
内の熱媒体の温度が貯湯槽内の熱媒体の温度↓り高くな
り両者の温度差が所定値以上になるとポンプを作ｌ１Ｅ
ｉＩさせ、両者の温度差がそのｆ９′ｒ定値エリ小さな
別の所定値以下になるとポンプを停止させてコレクタと
貯湯槽′との間の熱媒体の＊ｍを停止させるＬうになっ
てい友。次とえば、ボンづを作動させるときの差温を１
０度、停止させるときの差温を２度に設定する。晴天の
場合、第１図のように、日照の開始と共にコレクタの熱
媒体の温度（Ｔりは上昇するが、貯湯槽内の熱媒体の温
度（ＴＩ）はそのままの温度を保つ。両者の温度差が１
０度になったところでポンプが作製し・貯湯槽内の熱媒
棒金コレクタへ送り込む。貯湯槽内の温度（Ｔ１）はコ
レクタで加熱された熱媒体を得て漸時上昇する。コレク
タ内の温［（Ｔｚ）は貯湯槽から送られる低い温度の熱
媒体に１うて一旦は下降するが時間の経過と共に再び上
昇ケ始める。かくて日中の最扁気温を記録する時刻を過
ぎるとコレクタの吸収する熱量が次第に減少する。ま友
貯湯槽内の熱媒体の温度（Ｔｔ）も黄熱−が少ない九め
徐々に下がり始めるが、保温材で覆われているため温度
の１降速度はコレクタエリも遅い。夕方、両者の温度差
が２度になるとポンプは停止し、コレクタからの集熱が
終了する。この工うに、温度ｔ：Ｊ’ｊｋコレクタと貯
湯槽とに夫々ジけて両者の差温にてポンプの作動開始時
を決定する方法はいかにも理に適っている工うに思われ
るが、以下に述べる工うな欠点を有している。すなわち
、日本においては同大の日であっても１日のうちに数回
は雲Ｋｍられて日がかげることが多く、このような日は
次の工うに動作する。第２因に下すように、日照が始ま
り、差温か１０度になるとポンプが作ｊ＃１１を開始す
る。ついで時刻ｔｌで＊り始めたとするＯこのときコレ
クタの水温力；下妙ぶり始め、時刻ｔ２で差温が設定温
度の２度になったとする。すると、ポンプが停止する。In the forced circulation type solar water heater made of Japanese cypress,
Temperature sensors are installed on the lid and the hot water storage tank, respectively, and when the temperature of the heat medium in the collector becomes higher than the temperature of the heat medium in the hot water storage tank, and the temperature difference between the two exceeds a predetermined value, the pump is activated.
When the temperature difference between the two becomes less than another predetermined value, the pump is stopped and the flow of heat medium between the collector and the hot water tank is stopped. Next, for example, if the temperature difference when operating the bonzu is 1
Set the temperature difference at 0 degrees and stop at 2 degrees. In the case of clear skies, as shown in Figure 1, the temperature (T) of the heat medium in the collector increases with the onset of sunlight, but the temperature (TI) of the heat medium in the hot water storage tank remains the same. The difference is 1
When the temperature reaches 0 degrees, a pump is created and pumps the heat medium to the metal collector in the hot water storage tank. The temperature (T1) in the hot water storage tank gradually rises due to the heat medium heated by the collector. The temperature (Tz) in the collector drops once due to the low temperature heat medium sent from the hot water storage tank, but begins to rise again as time passes. Thus, after the time when the lowest daytime temperature is recorded, the amount of heat absorbed by the collector gradually decreases. The temperature (Tt) of the heat medium in the Mayu hot water storage tank also begins to drop gradually when there is less yellow fever, but since it is covered with heat insulating material, the rate of decrease in temperature is slow in the collector area. In the evening, when the temperature difference between the two reaches 2 degrees, the pump stops and heat collection from the collector ends. In this case, the method of determining when to start pump operation based on the difference in temperature between the collector and the hot water storage tank seems to be quite reasonable, but the following describes the method. It has some drawbacks that I will mention. In other words, in Japan, even on the same day, the sun is often shaded by clouds several times during the day, and on such days, the following steps are necessary. As shown in the second factor, when the sun starts to shine and the temperature difference reaches 10 degrees, the pump starts operating #11. Then, at time tl, it is assumed that the water temperature of the collector starts to decrease, and at time t2, the temperature difference reaches 2 degrees of the set temperature. The pump will then stop.
ついで・、再び大圏が裏から出るとコレクタ内の熱媒体
の温度（Ｔ２）は再び上昇し、時刻ｔｓで差温か再び１
０度の櫨ケ得てボンづが作動を始める。時刻ｔ２からム
の聞け、熱媒体を加熱し集熱できるにもかかわらず、ポ
ンプが停止している次め、貯湯槽内の熱媒体の温度（Ｔ
Ｉ）（＋−高めることはできない。一般的にはコレクタ
の断熱性は貯湯槽に比べて不十分である友め、熱媒体の
温度が上昇するにしたがってコレクタから放出される熱
量が多くなり、効率が悪くなる。上記Ｊａ収の工うにコ
レクタ内と貯湯槽内との差温かＦｇｒ定値に達するまで
ポンプが作動しないものでは、熱媒体の温度が上昇する
程、差温ＱＩＫ定稙が大きいもの程ポンプが停止してい
る間に］レクタから失なわれる熱量が多くなり熱の損失
が大きい。したがって、一旦ボシブが作動し友後は、コ
レクタから放出される熱量Ｌす、コレクタに吸収される
熱量が多く、コレクタ内の温度か貯湯槽内の温度エリ高
いかぎり、ポンプを作−鯛させた方が効率が高い。以上
のようＶｒ一温度センサを用いてコレクタと、貯湯槽と
の熱媒体の差温に工っでポンプを制御するものは、気象
の安定した米国大陸のような大陸ならば、ポンプが連続
運転するので差し支えないが、ｋＡ象が不安定な日本で
の便用には向かない。また、コレクタ内と貯湯槽内との
差温に１ってポンプを制御するには、上述のＬうに２楕
の設定値を設ける必要がある。こｆ′Ｌは制御回路の構
成が複紺で、製作に時間がかかり、したがって故障率が
＾く、補修に手間と技術とを要し、コストが高くつくと
いった多くの欠点を有するものでおった。Then, when the great circle comes out from behind again, the temperature of the heat medium in the collector (T2) rises again, and the temperature difference again becomes 1 at time ts.
After reaching 0 degrees, Bonzu starts operating. From time t2, the temperature of the heat medium in the hot water tank (T
I) (+- cannot be increased.Generally speaking, the heat insulating properties of the collector are insufficient compared to the hot water storage tank.As the temperature of the heating medium rises, the amount of heat released from the collector increases. Efficiency deteriorates.In the case of the above-mentioned Ja system in which the pump does not operate until the temperature difference between the collector and the hot water storage tank reaches the fixed value Fgr, the temperature difference QIK becomes larger as the temperature of the heat medium rises. While the pump is stopped], the amount of heat lost from the collector increases, and the heat loss is large. Therefore, once the boss is activated, the amount of heat released from the collector is absorbed by the collector. As long as the amount of heat is large and the temperature inside the collector or the temperature inside the hot water storage tank is high, it is more efficient to use a pump. A device that controls the pump by adjusting the temperature difference between the temperatures of In addition, in order to control the pump based on the difference in temperature between the collector and the hot water storage tank, it is necessary to provide the above-mentioned set values.F'L is the configuration of the control circuit. It had many disadvantages, such as being a double navy blue, requiring time to manufacture, resulting in a high failure rate, requiring time and skill to repair, and being expensive.
本発明は上述のＬうな従来の諸欠煮を解消すべく為され
次ものであって、その主な目的とするところは、ポンプ
をできるだけ連続運転に近い秋春において太陽熱の集熱
効率を高めることにあり、他の目的とするところは、ポ
ンプを制御する制御回路を（資）率にすることＫある。The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and its main purpose is to increase the efficiency of solar heat collection in autumn and spring, when the pump is operated as close to continuous operation as possible. Another purpose is to improve the efficiency of the control circuit that controls the pump.
以下、本発明の実施例を添付図面に基づいて置引する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本発明は、基本的には、太陽熱を吸収しては内部を通る
熱媒体（１１を加熱するコレクタ（２）と、コレクタ（
２）へ熱媒体ｉｌ＋を供給すると共にコレクタ（２）で
加熱された熱媒体ｉｌｌを貯える貯湯槽（３）と、コレ
クタ（２）と貯湯槽（３）との間で熱媒体ｆｌｌを強制
循ｉきせるポンプ（４）と、コレクタ（２）への太陽熱
の照度が１九定植以上になるとポンプ（４）を作動させ
所定憧以下シてなるとポンプ（４）を停止させる工うに
したフォトスイッチ（５）とを具備したもので６って、
本夫軸例でｔ／′ｉ熱媒体（１）を水とする例を示す。The present invention basically consists of a collector (2) that absorbs solar heat and heats a heat medium (11) passing through the collector (2);
2), and a hot water storage tank (3) that stores the heat medium ill heated by the collector (2), and forced circulation of the heat medium full between the collector (2) and the hot water storage tank (3). The photo switch (4) is configured to operate the pump (4) when the illuminance of solar heat to the collector (2) reaches 19 or more and to stop the pump (4) when it falls below a predetermined level. 5) is equipped with 6,
An example in which the t/'i heat medium (1) is water in the main shaft example is shown.
第３図に示すように、貯湯槽＋３１ｒｉ貯湯用タンクめ
るいは冶軸であつ−（、貯湯槽（３）内にＴｒｉ常に略
一定量の水１１＋が貯えらｎｌこの貯湯槽（３）か゛ら
給水管（６）を介し゛Ｃコレクタ（２）内に水ｆｉｌが
供給される。給水管（６）の逢中にはポンプ（４）が配
設されて貯＃Ｉ楢（３）内の水（亘）を強制的にコレク
タ（２）に送り込む二うにしている。］コレクタ２）は
屋外で屋根上などに配設されており、吸収した太陽熱で
貯湯槽（３Ｉ）から送られた水を加熱し、給湯管（７）
を介してその加熱された水ｉ１）を貯ｆＪｈ槽（３）に
送返するものである。フォトスイッチ１ｆｉｌ Ｆ′ｉ
コレクタ（２）内もしくはコレクタ（２）近傍ＶＣ太陽
光を受光する工うに配設されている。フォトスイッチ＋
６１ ｔｉ 、第４図及び第５図に示す↓うに、硫化カ
ドミウムｔＬ（以下ＣｄＳと略す）の工うな受光素子（
９）と、′ｊｉ！碑リレーやサーマルリレーなどの継電
器（ｌＯ）と、＝ｒ変抵抗離Ｒ２とを直列接続して構成
される。すなわち、第４凶の実施例では受光素子（υｊ
にＣｄＳを用い、継電ｙ （ｔｕＨにサーマルリレーを
用いて、受光素子（９）と継磁滲叫の接点開閉用し一タ
Ｕυと可変抵抗尉Ｒｔとの一列回路を商用電源（ＡＣ）
に接続し、また、ポンプ（４）と継ｉＫ器−のバイメタ
ル接点Ｇカとの直列回路？商用竜＃（ＡＣ）に接続して
おり、受光素子（９）の父ける光の照度が可変抵抗ＩＩ
Ｒ鵞で設定され次Ｊヅ［了の値になると受光素子（９
）の抵抗値が減少して接点開閉用し一夕（６）に多くの
電流が流れ、バイメタｌＬ＋伝点蓼喝が加熱され′〔バ
イメタル接点（Ｉ乃が閉比し、ポンプ（４）が始ｗＪさ
ｎる工うになっている。第５凶に示す例では、サーマル
リレーの代わりに電磁リレーを継電器（１０１Ｋ用いて
いる。５’ｆ変抵抗器Ｒ２に直列接−統された固定抵抗
謬Ｒ１は限流抵抗であって、フォトスイッチ（５）の最
高ｐｔ＆度を決定する。フォトスイッチ（６）の感度設
定は＝Ｔ尿抵抗器処を調節して行なわれる。なお、受光
素子（９）としてはＣｄ５Ｋ限定されず、市販の街路灯
点滅器を用いることもできる。これを用いるには日の出
時の薄明あるいは日没時の薄暮程度の光で開閉するＬう
に設ｉｉｔされた市販の街路灯点滅器を３０．０００１
ｘあるいは７０．０００１ｘ 、１２０．０００１ｘと
いった高い照度で作動する工うに感度を丁ける必要があ
る。そのためには街路灯点滅器の全面を黒色ラテックス
で覆い、中央部に受光怒を形成して、受光窓に減光用フ
ィルタを装着し九り、あるいは街路灯点滅器のカバーを
肉厚の大きいものや濃色のものと収り換えれば目的の照
度で作動するフォトスイッチ＋６１３ｋ ？ｆ＋ること
ができる。−上述の工うにしてコレクタ（りへの太陽光
の照度全監視して、その照度が上記の工うな方法で設定
された所定値になるとポンプ（４）が作動して貯湯槽（
３）内の水（１）をコレクタ（２）に送り込んで、コレ
クタ（２）内で加熱され友温水＋１１を回収する。照度
の設定値は貯湯槽（３）内の水１１１の温度が所望の温
度となるときの照度に設定しておけばよい。ところで、
上述のものではフォトスイッチ（５）をコレクタ（２）
内ま九はコレクタ（２）近傍に配設しているものである
から、構、既が簡単であるが、また−万フオドスイッチ
（６）の維持お工び持続に不便があり、電気回路の配線
も長くなる。然るに、第６１２！Ｊに示すように、受光
素子（９）や継＝器叫にて構成されたフォトスイッチ（
６１をケーシシク轄内に収納し、このケーシングＱ３１
ｒｉ室内に配設し、受光素子（９）の受光窓Ｉに光伝導
ファイＪＳ−Ｕに）の一端を接続して、光伝導ファイバ
ー四の他端をコレクタ（２）近傍で露出させ、光伝導フ
ァイバー−を介して太陽光を受光素子（９）に導入する
。光伝導ファイバー１１６）としては光学ガラス繊維や
ポリメチルメタクリレート繊維を用いる。これらの繊維
を束にし、両端部に、第７図の１うに、口金端を付けて
繊維束をまとめ、室内側の一端でこの口金用を受光素子
（９）の受光窓０４１に接続するものであり、一方、屋
外に露出する他端ではこの口金（＋匂にＷＪ６図に不す
工うなじょうご形のフードｕ７ｎ装看し、フードＯηの
上向をカラス板０８）で蝋うと共に、フード０ηの基部
にクランプ１１９１を収り付けてフード（１７）と口金
用とを密着させ、フード（１７）内に雨水が入ることの
ない工うにする。との工うに光伝導ファイバー９句１に
用いて太陽光をフォトスイッチ（６）に導入することＶ
ＣＬって、屋外の照度を監視する一万、室内に受光素子
（９）を°配設する几め施工が簡便になり、また補修が
容易になる。図中（イ）は光伝導ファイバー０５１を榎
う外部？ＩＬ蝋である。As shown in Fig. 3, there is a hot water storage tank (+31ri) or a hot water storage tank (31ri), and an approximately constant amount of water (11+) is always stored in the hot water storage tank (3). Water fil is supplied into the C collector (2) through the water supply pipe (6). During the operation of the water supply pipe (6), a pump (4) is installed to pump water in the storage #I oak (3). Water (Wataru) is forcibly sent to the collector (2).] The collector (2) is installed outdoors on the roof, etc., and the absorbed solar heat is sent from the hot water tank (3I). Heats water and hot water pipe (7)
The heated water i1) is sent back to the storage fJh tank (3) via the tank. Photo switch 1fil F'i
It is disposed within the collector (2) or near the collector (2) to receive VC sunlight. Photo switch +
61 ti , as shown in Figures 4 and 5, a photodetector element made of cadmium sulfide tL (hereinafter abbreviated as CdS) (
9) and 'ji! It is constructed by connecting in series a relay (lO) such as a monument relay or a thermal relay, and a =r transformer resistor R2. That is, in the fourth worst embodiment, the light receiving element (υj
CdS is used for the relay y (tuH), and a thermal relay is used for the contact opening and closing of the light receiving element (9) and the relay magnet.
and also a series circuit between the pump (4) and the bimetal contact G of the connector. It is connected to the commercial power supply # (AC), and the illuminance of the light from the light receiving element (9) is controlled by the variable resistor II.
The light receiving element (9
) decreases, and a large amount of current flows overnight (6) to open and close the contact, heating up the bimetal 1L + transmission point. In the example shown in the fifth example, an electromagnetic relay (101K) is used instead of a thermal relay.A fixed resistor connected in series with a 5'f transformer R2 is used. R1 is a current-limiting resistor that determines the maximum pt°ree of the photoswitch (5).The sensitivity setting of the photoswitch (6) is performed by adjusting the = T resistance. 9) is not limited to Cd5K, and a commercially available street light flasher can also be used. Street light flasher 30.0001
It is necessary to adjust the sensitivity for devices that operate at high illuminances such as 70.0001x, 120.0001x, or 70.0001x. To achieve this, it is necessary to cover the entire surface of the street light blinker with black latex, form a light receiving window in the center, and attach a dimming filter to the light receiving window, or cover the street light blinker with a large wall thickness. Photoswitch +613k that operates at the desired illuminance by replacing it with a dark color or dark color? f+ can be done. - Monitor the total illuminance of sunlight on the collector using the method described above, and when the illuminance reaches a predetermined value set using the method described above, the pump (4) is activated and the water storage tank (
3) The water (1) in the container is sent to the collector (2), and heated in the collector (2) to collect hot water +11. The set value of the illuminance may be set to the illuminance at which the temperature of the water 111 in the hot water tank (3) reaches a desired temperature. by the way,
In the above, the photoswitch (5) is connected to the collector (2).
Since the inner cover is located near the collector (2), the construction is simple, but it is also inconvenient to maintain the 1000-foot switch (6), and the electrical circuit is difficult to maintain. The wiring will also be longer. However, the 612th! As shown in J, a photoswitch (
61 was stored within the jurisdiction of Keishishik, and this casing Q31
ri room, connect one end of the photoconductive fiber (to the photoconductive fiber JS-U) to the light receiving window I of the photodetector (9), and expose the other end of the photoconductive fiber near the collector (2). Sunlight is introduced into the light receiving element (9) via a conductive fiber. Optical glass fiber or polymethyl methacrylate fiber is used as the photoconductive fiber 116). These fibers are bundled, a cap end is attached to both ends as shown in 1 in Fig. 7, the fiber bundle is brought together, and one end on the indoor side is connected to the light-receiving window 041 of the light-receiving element (9). On the other hand, the other end exposed outdoors is soldered with this cap (plus a funnel-shaped hood U7n that is not shown in Figure WJ6, and a crow plate 08 on the top of the hood Oη), and the hood A clamp 1191 is housed in the base of 0η to bring the hood (17) and the mouthpiece into close contact to prevent rainwater from entering the hood (17). Introducing sunlight to the photoswitch (6) using a photoconductive fiber 9/1
CL simplifies the construction process of monitoring the outdoor illuminance and arranging the light receiving element (9) indoors, and also facilitates repairs. Is (a) in the figure the outside that extends the optical conductive fiber 051? It is IL wax.
次に、併合発明について説明する。併合発明に係る強制
循環式太陽熱利用温水器は、太陽熱１ｋｇＡ収しては内
部を通る熱媒体（１）を加熱するコレクタ（２）とコレ
クタ（２）へ熱媒体＋１１を供給すると共にコレクタ（
２）で加熱され良熱媒体＋１１を貯える貯湯槽（３）と
、コレクタ（２）と貯湯槽（３）との筒で熱媒体＋１）
を強制循環させるポンプ（４）と、コレクタ（２）への
太陽光の照度が所定値以上になると閉じる第１接点＠幻
と所定１１以下になると閉じる第２接点（至）とを有す
るフォトスイッチ（６）と、コレクタ（２）の採光窓（
８）付近の気温が摂氏０度になると閉じるサーモスイッ
チ翰と、コレクタ（２）の採光窓（８）に全曲に亘って
配設されるし−９（ハ）とを餉え、フォトスイッチ（６
）は硫化カドミウムｔルのような受光素子（９）と、１
１ｍリレーやサーマルリレーなどの継電器−と、可変抵
抗器Ｒ１とを直列接続して受光素子（９）の感度がＩＩ
ＩＩｆ抵抗器Ｒ１に工り調節自在となる工うに構しくれ
、フォトスイッチ（６）の第１接Ｑ体劾にはポンプ（４
）が直列接続され、フォトスイッチ（５）の第２接点鋼
はサーモスイッチ翰とじ−９［有］との直列回路に直列
接続され、コレクタ（２）の採光窓（８）上に積雪のあ
るときにはフォトスイッチ（５）にエリ採光窓（８）か
ら採光される太陽光の減少を検知して第２接点例を閉じ
ると共に、サーモスイッチ（２）が採光窓付近の積雪に
よる気温の低下を検知して閉じることにエリヒーターへ
の通電を行なってコレクタ（２）の採光窓（８）上の積
雪を融解除去し、コレクタ（りの採光窓（８）上の積雪
が除去される採光窓（８）付近の気温が上昇してサーｔ
スイッチ固が開く快感と、採光窓（８）から採光ざ扛る
太陽光の照度が所定値以上となってフォトスイッチ（５
）の第２接点（至）が開く状態とのうちの少なくとも一
万の状態となって、し−夕□□□への通電を止め、し−
タＡに通電さ牡ないときにコレクタ（２）への太陽光の
照度が所定値以上であればフォトスイッチ（６１の第１
接点？幻が閉じてポンプ（４）が作動することを特徴と
する。本実施例においても熱媒体ｉｌｌを水とした例を
示す。コレクタ（２）、貯湯槽（３）及びポンプ（４）
は上述のものと同様の構成である。第８図がフォトスイ
ッチ（５）及びサーでスイッチ固の結線例を示すもので
あって、フォトスイッチ（６）は上述のものと１同様Ｋ
ＣｄＳのような受光素子（９）と継電１！１叫と可変抵
抗器Ｒ２とを直列接続したものである。継電器ｔｔｏ＋
は常開接点であるｖＪ１接点シηと゛繍閉接点である第
２接点倣とを伽えている。第１接点クリはポンプ（４）
に直列接続されるものであって、受光素子（９）の受け
る太陽光の照度が所定値に達すると閉式し、ポンプ（４
）を作動させる。サーでスイッチ（ロ）はフォトスイッ
チ（５）の第２接点例に直列ｍＴｈ’ｅされており、こ
のサーモスイッチ＠はバイメタルなどを用いて摂氏ＯＫ
以下で接点が閉成する↓うになっている。フォトスイッ
チ（−）の％２２接閾と、サーモスイッチ（ロ）との直
列回路には、さらにタイマスイッチ（ハ）が直列接続さ
れる◎ タイマスイッチ（至）のタイマ接点−とタイマ
連動継ｗｔ器翰とフォトスイッチ（６１の第２接点（至
）とは直列接続される。タイマ連動継電器−は常開接点
でらる電磁弁用接点−と常閉接点であるし−タ用接点曽
とを備えている。し次がって、昼間で晴天であればフォ
トスイッチｌｂ＋の第１接点体υが閉成してポンプ（４
）が作動するが、コレクタ（２）上に積雪があり、フォ
トスイッチ（６１の受光素子（９）−の光量が所定量以
下になると、フォトスイッチ（６）の第２接点（至）が
閉成する。同時に、外気が慎氏ＯＫ以下になるとり一℃
スイッチ（５）も閉成してタイマ四が始動する。タイマ
（至）が始動しても、その設定時間が満了するまではタ
イマ接点＠Ｖｉ開いており、タイマ連動継電器−に電流
が流れないため、その間し一夕用接点瞥は閉成する。こ
うしてし−９川接点（ハ）に直列接続されたし一タ＠に
電流が流れる。このとき、ヒータ聞Ｖζ並列接続された
ポンプ駆動用継電器゛測にも電流が流れ、ポンプ＋４１
に＠列接続されたホシプ用接点則が閉成し、ポンプ（４
）が始動する。ところで、し−タムは第９図に示す工う
に、コレクタ（２）の採光窓ｔ８１ ＶＣ設けられてい
る。すなわち、採光窓（８）は一対の透明なプラスチッ
クフィルム間にアル三消の工うな金に４箔にて形式ざｎ
たし−９（ハ）を挟着したものであって、以下のような
方法で形成する。まず、透明なプラスチックフィルムの
一向に金嬌箔を貼誉し、この金属箔に蛇行状のパターン
全印刷した後、エツチングを行なって、不＃部分を除去
する。こうしてプラスチックフィルム上にヒータＲ１作
り、次に、先のプラスチックフィルムとの間で金属箔を
挟む工うにして別の透明プラスチックフィルム金貼看す
れば採光窓（８）が得られる。このとき、金ｗ４箔はコ
レクタ（２）内への採光を妨げない棚度の細さとするこ
とはいうまでもない。Next, the merged invention will be explained. The forced circulation solar water heater according to the combined invention includes a collector (2) that absorbs 1 kgA of solar heat and heats the heat medium (1) passing through the inside, and a collector (2) that supplies heat medium +11 to the collector (2).
2) and a hot water storage tank (3) that stores a good heat medium +11 heated by the hot water storage tank (3), and a cylinder of the collector (2) and the hot water storage tank (3) that stores a heat medium +1).
A photo switch that has a pump (4) that forcibly circulates the solar light, a first contact @ phantom that closes when the illuminance of sunlight to the collector (2) exceeds a predetermined value, and a second contact (end) that closes when the illuminance of sunlight to the collector (2) reaches a predetermined value 11 or less. (6) and collector (2) lighting window (
8) A thermoswitch that closes when the nearby temperature reaches 0 degrees Celsius, and a photo switch (c) that is placed throughout the entire song in the lighting window (8) of the collector (2). 6
) is a photodetector (9) such as cadmium sulfide, and 1
By connecting a relay such as a 1m relay or a thermal relay in series with a variable resistor R1, the sensitivity of the light receiving element (9) can be set to II.
The IIf resistor R1 should be designed to be adjustable, and a pump (4
) are connected in series, and the second contact steel of the photoswitch (5) is connected in series to the series circuit with the thermoswitch Kanji-9 [with]. Sometimes, the photo switch (5) detects a decrease in sunlight coming in from the light window (8) and closes the second contact, and the thermoswitch (2) detects a drop in temperature due to snow accumulation near the light window. Then, when the area heater is closed, electricity is applied to the area heater to melt and remove the snow on the lighting window (8) of the collector (2), and the lighting window (from which the snow on the lighting window (8) of the collector (2) is removed). 8) The temperature in the vicinity has risen and
You will feel the pleasure of opening the switch, and the illuminance of the sunlight shining through the lighting window (8) will exceed a predetermined value, causing the photo switch (5) to open.
) is in at least 10,000 of the state where the second contact (to) of
When the collector (2) is not energized and the illuminance of sunlight to the collector (2) is above a predetermined value, the first photo switch (61) is activated.
contact? It is characterized in that the illusion closes and the pump (4) operates. This example also shows an example in which water is used as the heat medium ill. Collector (2), hot water tank (3) and pump (4)
has a similar configuration to that described above. Figure 8 shows an example of a switch-hard connection between a photoswitch (5) and a sensor.
A light receiving element (9) such as CdS, a relay 1!1, and a variable resistor R2 are connected in series. Relay tto+
The vJ1 contact η is a normally open contact and the second contact is a closed contact. The first contact point is the pump (4)
It is connected in series to the pump (4), and when the illuminance of sunlight received by the light receiving element (9) reaches a predetermined value, it closes and the pump (4)
) is activated. The thermoswitch (b) is connected in series to the second contact of the photoswitch (5), and this thermoswitch @ is made of bimetal or the like so that it can be adjusted to Celsius.
The contact closes as shown below. A timer switch (c) is further connected in series to the series circuit between the photo switch (-)'s %22 contact threshold and the thermoswitch (b).◎ The timer contact of the timer switch (to) and the timer interlocking joint wt The second contact (to) of the photo switch (61) is connected in series.The timer interlocking relay has a normally open contact for the solenoid valve and a normally closed contact for the solenoid valve Next, if it is daytime and the weather is clear, the first contact body υ of the photoswitch lb+ closes and the pump (4
) is activated, but if there is snow on the collector (2) and the light intensity of the photo-receiving element (9)- of the photoswitch (61) falls below a predetermined amount, the second contact (to) of the photoswitch (6) will close. At the same time, if the outside temperature falls below Mr.
Switch (5) is also closed and timer 4 is started. Even if the timer starts, the timer contact @Vi remains open until the set time expires, and no current flows through the timer interlocking relay, so the overnight contact is closed for the time being. In this way, current flows through the -9 contacts (c) connected in series. At this time, current also flows through the pump drive relay connected in parallel between the heater and the pump +41.
The contact rule for the hosip connected to the @ column is closed, and the pump (4
) starts. By the way, in the construction shown in FIG. 9, the collector (2) is provided with a lighting window t81 VC. In other words, the lighting window (8) is made of four foils made of Aluminum aluminum foil between a pair of transparent plastic films.
It is made by sandwiching TA-9 (c) and is formed by the following method. First, metal foil is pasted all over a transparent plastic film, and after a meandering pattern is printed on the entire metal foil, it is etched to remove the unmarked areas. In this way, the heater R1 is made on the plastic film, and then another transparent plastic film is pasted with a metal foil sandwiched between it and the previous plastic film, thereby obtaining a lighting window (8). At this time, it goes without saying that the gold W4 foil should be thin enough not to obstruct sunlight from entering the collector (2).
この工うな構成の採光窓（８）を用いることに１つて、
コレクタ（２）上の積雪を採光窓（８）内のし−９（２
）にてだかすことができる。また、じ−ターへの通電時
、上述したようにポンプ（４）も作動して水ｉｌｌをコ
レクタ（２）内へ循環させるので、コレクタ（２）内で
の水（１）の凍結も防止される。こうしそ、コしフタ（
２）上の積雪が融解亦太され、謂天日であればフォトス
イッチ（５）の受光素子（９）への光量が第１Ｗ１点ｖ
ＹＪを閉成するに充分なものとなると、し−タＡへの通
電が止められ、染畿全行なうものである。−万、コレク
タ（２）上の棟盲が非電に斧く、ヒータ０！３１に工っ
て除去できない場合ＶＣはタイマーが作動する。One thing about using this artificially structured lighting window (8) is that
Remove the snow on the collector (2) from inside the lighting window (8).
). Furthermore, when electricity is applied to the collector, the pump (4) also operates as described above to circulate the water ill into the collector (2), thereby preventing the water (1) from freezing inside the collector (2). be done. Koshiso, lid (
2) If the snow on the top has melted and it is a so-called sunny day, the amount of light to the light receiving element (9) of the photoswitch (5) will be at the 1st W1 point v
When the voltage is sufficient to close YJ, the power supply to the shutter A is stopped and the dyeing process is completed. - 10,000, if the ridge blindness on the collector (2) cannot be removed by modifying the heater 0!31, the VC timer will operate.
すなわち、タイマ岬は、例えば２４時間というＬうな設
定時間が満了するとタイマｍ点＠を閉成する↓うになっ
ており、タイマ（至）が始動した後、設定時間が満了し
ても槓官の除去が十分に行なわれず受光素子（９）への
元閂が不足で且つ気温が摂氏０度以下であると、タイマ
、４ｗＪ継電器ａ［電流が流れ、し−夕月接点ｃｔ樽が
開いてし−９（２）への通電が止められると共にポンプ
（４）も停止し、ざらに電憔弁用接点額が閉成して、電
磁弁−が圓きコレクタ（２）内の水抜き全行ないコレク
タ（２）内での凍結を防止する。タイマ四の設冨時間満
了までに積雪が除去されて集熱を開始し次場合は、タイ
マｃ２５ｉｆ′ｉリセットする。尚、コレクタ（２）上
への積雪がなくとも雲天日や夜間で、気温が摂氏０度以
下になるとし一タ＠に通電し、ポンプ（４）を作動して
コレクタ（２）内での水（１）の凍結を防止する。気温
が高くなって凍結の心配がないときには、サーモスイッ
チ（２）が開きし一ターへの通電は行なわれない。以上
の工うにして、コレクタ（２）上の積雪の除去及び、夜
間の保給防止を行なうことができる。図中−はヒユーズ
である。In other words, the timer cape is designed to close the timer point m when the set time of 24 hours, for example, has expired, and even if the set time has expired after the timer has started, the timer's point will not be closed. If the removal is not sufficient and there is not enough main bar to the light receiving element (9) and the temperature is below 0 degrees Celsius, the timer, 4WJ relay a [current will flow, and the Yugetsu contact CT barrel will open]. -9 (2) is de-energized and the pump (4) is also stopped, the contacts for the electromagnetic valve close roughly, and the solenoid valve - is rounded, draining all the water in the collector (2). Prevent freezing within the collector (2). If the snow is removed and heat collection starts before the set time of timer 4 expires, timer c25if'i is reset. In addition, even if there is no snow on the collector (2), if it is a cloudy day or night and the temperature is below 0 degrees Celsius, the power is turned on and the pump (4) is activated to pump the inside of the collector (2). Preventing water (1) from freezing. When the temperature is high and there is no danger of freezing, the thermo switch (2) opens and no electricity is applied to the unit. In the manner described above, it is possible to remove accumulated snow on the collector (2) and prevent storage at night. - in the figure is a fuse.
本発明は上述のようにして、太陽光からの集熱を行なう
ものであるが、得られた温水の温度に応じて６撞の用途
に使い分けると効率の工い太陽熱利用を行なうことがで
きる。尚、上記実施例では熱脈体ｉｌ＋をすべて水とし
たが、水−プロピレン−エチレンジリコール混合物、水
−クリセリン−アルコール混合物等の他の熱媒体（１）
を用いて貯湯槽（３）内での水との熱交換をしても工い
。その場合にはり一℃スイッチ固やタイマ彌の設定値を
変更して目的に適合させる。The present invention collects heat from sunlight as described above, but if the hot water obtained is used for six different purposes depending on the temperature, solar heat can be utilized efficiently. In the above example, the heat medium il+ was all water, but other heat medium (1) such as water-propylene-ethylene dilicol mixture, water-chrycerin-alcohol mixture, etc.
It is also possible to exchange heat with the water in the hot water tank (3) using a hot water storage tank (3). In that case, change the settings of the temperature switch and timer to suit the purpose.
本発明は上述の工う１ζ、強制循環式の太陽熱利用温水
器において、コレクタへの太陽光の照度が所定値以上と
なるとポンプを作動させ所定値以下になるとポンプを停
止させるようにしたフォトスイッチを設けたので、］コ
レクタを通る熱媒体を加熱するに必要な光址があるとき
は常にポンプが作動し、太陽熱を回収することができ、
従来の工うに、太陽光の光閂が十分であるのにポンプが
停止していて太陽熱の回収が遅ｎ１その間に］レクタか
ら熱が放出さ扛で太陽熱の利用効率が慾くなるという欠
点を解７ｎシ、集熱？ＩＪ率を高める。ポンプの制＃を
太陽光の照度に工っで行なうので、従来の工うにコしフ
タ内と貯湯槽内との熱媒体の毘温を検出してポンプの運
転側？１ｊ４Ｊをするものｔこ比べ、回路構成がきわめ
て簡単であり、製作に要する時間が短縮され、故障が発
生する確率も低く、施工が簡単で補修に手間と技術がか
からず、コストも低いという利点をもつ、１次、フォト
スイッチを受光素子と継電漏と、ＯＪ変抵抗器とを直列
接続して受光菓子の感度がｐ１変抵抗器にエリ調節目在
となる工うに構威し次ので、照度の設定が容易であり、
ｂｒ望の反定値を！易ＫＮることができる。The present invention provides the above-mentioned 1ζ forced circulation type solar water heater, which includes a photoswitch that operates the pump when the illuminance of sunlight to the collector exceeds a predetermined value, and stops the pump when the illuminance of sunlight to the collector falls below a predetermined value. ] The pump operates whenever there is enough light to heat the heat transfer medium passing through the collector, allowing solar heat to be recovered.
Conventional systems have the drawback that even when there is sufficient sunlight, the pump is stopped and the recovery of solar heat is slow.In the meantime, heat is released from the rector, reducing the efficiency of solar heat utilization. Solution 7nsi, heat collection? Increase IJ rate. Since the pump is controlled based on the illuminance of sunlight, the conventional method detects the temperature of the heat medium in the lid and the hot water storage tank, and controls the operation of the pump. Compared to those that use 1J4J, the circuit configuration is extremely simple, the time required for production is shortened, the probability of failure is low, construction is easy, repairs do not require time and technology, and costs are low. The following is a structure in which the sensitivity of the light-receiving confectionery is adjusted to the P1 resistor by connecting the photo-receiving element, the relay leakage, and the OJ resistor in series, which has the advantage of being a primary photo switch. Therefore, it is easy to set the illuminance,
Reverse value of desire! You can easily KN.
フォトスイッチを室内に配設してその受光窓に光伝導フ
ァイバーの一端を接続し、他層をコレクタ近８／に露出
させたものでは、フォトスイッチの電気回路部分に用水
が浸入する虞れがなく、安全でわり、施工を随単にする
利点を有する。ざらに、コレクタの採光窓付近の気温が
摂氏０度になると閉じるサーモスイッチと、コレクタの
採光窓に全１１１１ Ｋ亘って配設されるし−９とを備
え次温水器においては１ フォトスイッチはコレクタへ
の太踏光の照度が所定以上になると閉じる第１接点と所
定値以下になると閉じる第２接点とを有し、フォトスイ
・ンチの第１接点ＫＷ−１ポンプが直列接続ざ扛、フォ
トスイッチの第２接点はサーモスイッチとヒータとの直
列回路に直列接続さ扛、コレクタの採九府上に槓雷のあ
るときにはフォトスイッチに工り抹元怒から採光される
太陽光の減少？検知して第２接点を閉じると共に、サー
モスイッチが採光窓付近の積雪ＫＬる気温の低下を検知
して閉じることによりヒータへの通電を行なってコレク
タの採光窓上の積雪（ｌ−融解除去し、コレクタの採光
窓上の積雪が除去、ｌ！ｔ″Ｌ、ると採光窓付近の気温
が上昇してサーモスイッチが開く状忽と、採光窓から採
光される太陽光の照度が所定値以上となってフォトスイ
ッチの第２接点が開く状飴とのうちの少なくとも一方の
状怨となって、七−夕への通電を止め、し−夕に通電さ
れないときにコレクタへの太陽光の照度が所定値以上で
今ればフォトスイッチの第１接点が閉じてポンプが作動
するようにしたものでは、コし２夕上Ｖこ積雪があって
も賄天日であれば、自刃でその４１！ｌＩ實を除去して
太陽熱の東熱を行なうことができ、太陽熱の利点効率を
晶めるという利点を有する。同時に外気が熱媒体の凍結
温度になるとじ一夕ＶてＳ電して夜間や一天日のフレフ
タ内の熱媒体の凍結を防止して、］レレフの破損を防止
する。If the photoswitch is installed indoors, one end of the photoconductive fiber is connected to the light receiving window, and the other layer is exposed near the collector, there is a risk that water may enter the electrical circuit part of the photoswitch. It has the advantage of being safe and easy to install. Roughly, the water heater is equipped with a thermoswitch that closes when the temperature near the collector's lighting window reaches 0 degrees Celsius, and a photo switch that is disposed across the collector's lighting window for a total of 1111 K. It has a first contact that closes when the illuminance of the thick light to the collector exceeds a predetermined value and a second contact that closes when the illuminance of the thick light to the collector becomes less than a predetermined value. The second contact of the switch is connected in series with the series circuit of the thermoswitch and the heater, and when there is lightning above the collector, it becomes a photo switch and reduces the amount of sunlight coming from the source. At the same time, the thermoswitch detects snow accumulation near the lighting window and closes the second contact, and closes the switch to energize the heater and melt and remove the snow accumulation on the collector's lighting window. When the snow on the collector's daylighting window is removed, the temperature near the daylighting window rises and the thermoswitch opens, and the illuminance of sunlight coming through the daylighting window exceeds a predetermined value. As a result, the second contact of the photoswitch opens and at least one of the contacts stops energizing Tanabata, and when it is not energized during Tanabata, the illuminance of sunlight to the collector decreases. If it is above a predetermined value, the first contact of the photoswitch will close and the pump will start operating, but even if there is snow in the evening, if it is a sunny day, the self-blade will automatically close the first contact of the photo switch and operate the pump. !It is possible to perform solar heat TOH by removing the II fact, and has the advantage of maximizing the advantageous efficiency of solar heat.At the same time, when the outside air reaches the freezing temperature of the heating medium, the S power is turned off overnight and the temperature is turned off at night. This prevents damage to the relevator by preventing the heat medium inside the refrigerant from freezing over the course of a day or two.
第１図は従来例を示す動作説明図、第２凶は同上の馳説
明図、泌３図は本発明の一実施例を４くす概略構成図、
第４凶は同上のフォトスイッチとポンプとの結線＋ｉＪ
を下す回路図、第５図は向上に使用するフォトスイッチ
の一例を示す回路図、第６図は同上のフォトスイッチの
一例を示す分ｊ１１１＝＋視図、第７図は同−Ｌのフォ
トスイッチに便用する光伝導ファイバーの部分斜視図、
＃１１８図は併合発明の一実施例を下す回路図、第９図
は同上に便用する採光窓にし−９を伽え次コレクタのＭ
祝凶で代理人 弁理士 石 １）長 七
第１図
第２ｒ＜
第５図
第７図
６Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the operation showing a conventional example, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the same as above, and Fig. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
The fourth problem is the connection between the same photoswitch and the pump + iJ
5 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a photoswitch used for improvement, FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the above photoswitch from a + view, and FIG. 7 is a -L photo switch. A partial perspective view of a photoconductive fiber conveniently used in a switch,
Figure #118 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the combined invention, and Figure 9 is a convenient lighting window for the same as above, and -9 is replaced with the M of the collector.
Patent attorney Stone 1) Chief 7 Figure 1 Figure 2r < Figure 5 Figure 7 Figure 6
Claims (1)
熱するコレクタと、コレグ′タヘ熱媒体を供給すると共
にコレクタで加熱された熱媒体を貯える貯湯槽と、コレ
クタと貯ｖＩｈ槽との闇で熱媒体を強制循環させる車シ
ブと、コレクタへの太陽光の照度が所定値以下になると
ポンプを作動させ所定値以下になるとポンプを停止させ
るようにし次フォトスイッチとを具備し次太陽熱利用温
水器において、フォトスイッチが硫化カドミウムセルの
工つな受光素子と、電磁リレーや寸−マルリレーなどの
継電器と、可変抵抗器とを直列接続して受光素子の感度
が角質抵抗器に＝Ｖ調節自在となる１うに横比され次仁
とを′特徴とする強制循環式太陽熱利用温水器。 （２） フォトスイッチが室内に配設され、フォトス
イッチの受光窓に光伝導ファイバーの一端が接ｍ−Ａれ
その他端がコレクタ近傍に露出し、コレクタへの太陽光
が光伝導ファイバーを介してフォトスイッチに導入され
ることｔ％徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の強制循
環式太陽熱利用温水器（３） 太陽熱を吸収しては内
部を通る熱媒体を加熱するコレクタと、コレクタへ熱媒
体を供給すると共にコレクタで加熱された熱媒体？貯え
る貯湯槽と、コレクタと貯湯槽との四で熱媒体を強制循
環させるポンプと、コレクタへの太陽光の照度が所定値
以下になると閉じる第１接点と所定値以下になると閉じ
る第２接点とを有するフォトスイッチと、コレクタの採
光窓付近の気温が摂氏０度以下になると閉じるサーモス
イッチと、コレクタの採光窓に全面に亘って配設される
し−タとを備え、ヲオトスイ魯νチは硫化力Ｆミウムセ
ルのような受光素子と、電磁リレーやサーマルリレーな
どの継電器と、可変抵抗器とｔ−直列接続して受光素子
の感度が可変抵抗器により調節自在となるよう構威され
、フォトスイッチの＠ｌ接点にはポンプが直列接続され
、フォトスイッチの第２接点はり一℃スイッチとじ−タ
との直列回路に直列接続され、コレクタの採光窓上に積
雪のあるときにはフォトスイッチにエリ採光窓から採光
される太陽光の減少を検知して第２接点を閉じると共に
、サーモスイッチが採光窓付近の積雪による気温の低下
を検知して閉じることに工りヒータへの通電を行なって
コレクタの採光窓上の槓ｉｉｔを融解除去し、コレクタ
煩光窓上の積雪が除去されると採光窓付近の気温が上昇
してサーモスイッチが開く状怠と、採光窓から採光さ扛
る太陽光の照度が所定値以上となってフォトスイッチの
第２接点が開く状犀とのうちの少なくとも一方の状態と
なって、し−タへの通−電を止め、ヒータに通ＩＩＩさ
れないときにコレクタへの太陽光の照度が所定値以上で
あればフォトスイッチの第１接点が閉じてポンプが作動
することを特徴とする強制循環式太陽熱利用温水器。[Scope of Claims] fil A collector that absorbs solar heat and heats a heat medium passing through the inside, a hot water storage tank that supplies the heat medium to the collector and stores the heat medium heated by the collector, and a collector and a storage tank. Equipped with a shib that forcibly circulates the heat medium in the dark with the vIh tank, and a photoswitch that activates the pump when the illuminance of sunlight to the collector falls below a predetermined value and stops the pump when it falls below a predetermined value. In Shiji solar water heaters, the photoswitch connects in series a light-receiving element made of a cadmium sulfide cell, a relay such as an electromagnetic relay or a multi-dimensional relay, and a variable resistor, so that the sensitivity of the light-receiving element can be adjusted to a square resistor. This is a forced circulation type solar water heater which is characterized by 1=V adjustable. (2) A photoswitch is installed indoors, one end of the photoconductive fiber is in contact with the light receiving window of the photoswitch, and the other end is exposed near the collector, so that sunlight to the collector passes through the photoconductive fiber. Forced circulation solar water heater (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that t% is introduced into the photoswitch; Heat medium supplied and heated by the collector? A hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a pump that forcibly circulates a heat medium between the collector and the hot water storage tank, a first contact that closes when the illuminance of sunlight to the collector falls below a predetermined value, and a second contact that closes when the illuminance of sunlight to the collector falls below a predetermined value. A thermoswitch that closes when the temperature near the collector's lighting window falls below 0 degrees Celsius, and a shutter that is disposed over the entire surface of the collector's lighting window. A light receiving element such as a sulfide power Fmium cell, a relay such as an electromagnetic relay or a thermal relay, and a variable resistor are connected in series so that the sensitivity of the light receiving element can be adjusted freely by the variable resistor. A pump is connected in series to the @l contact of the switch, and the second contact of the photoswitch is connected in series to the series circuit with the switch closure, so that when there is snow on the collector's lighting window, the photoswitch is illuminated. The second contact is closed by detecting a decrease in sunlight coming through the window, and the thermoswitch detects a drop in temperature due to snow near the window and closes, energizing the heater to close the collector. When the snow cover on the lighting window is melted and the snow on the collector window is removed, the temperature near the lighting window rises and the thermo switch opens, and the amount of sunlight coming through the lighting window increases. When the illuminance reaches a predetermined value or more and the second contact of the photoswitch opens, the current to the heater is stopped and the current is not passed to the collector. A forced circulation solar water heater characterized in that if the illuminance of sunlight is above a predetermined value, the first contact of the photoswitch closes and the pump operates.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56166944A JPS5866760A (en) | 1981-10-19 | 1981-10-19 | Forced circulation type water heater utilizing solar heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56166944A JPS5866760A (en) | 1981-10-19 | 1981-10-19 | Forced circulation type water heater utilizing solar heat |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5866760A true JPS5866760A (en) | 1983-04-21 |
Family
ID=15840523
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56166944A Pending JPS5866760A (en) | 1981-10-19 | 1981-10-19 | Forced circulation type water heater utilizing solar heat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5866760A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7298053B2 (en) * | 2003-05-15 | 2007-11-20 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Power system for a telecommunication facility |
| US7629708B1 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2009-12-08 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Redundant power system having a photovoltaic array |
-
1981
- 1981-10-19 JP JP56166944A patent/JPS5866760A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7298053B2 (en) * | 2003-05-15 | 2007-11-20 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Power system for a telecommunication facility |
| US7629708B1 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2009-12-08 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Redundant power system having a photovoltaic array |
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