JPS5859288A - Solid fuel - Google Patents
Solid fuelInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5859288A JPS5859288A JP15766381A JP15766381A JPS5859288A JP S5859288 A JPS5859288 A JP S5859288A JP 15766381 A JP15766381 A JP 15766381A JP 15766381 A JP15766381 A JP 15766381A JP S5859288 A JPS5859288 A JP S5859288A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solid fuel
- ignition
- combustion
- coal
- charcoal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、着火・火回り特性、燃焼特性などに優れた固
形燃料に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solid fuel with excellent ignition/fire characteristics, combustion characteristics, etc.
本発明の固形燃料は炭素質物質を主成分とする成形体か
らなり、必要に応じて、粘結剤、燃焼促進剤、脱硫剤お
よび成形助剤を含有し、かつ前記成形体が、重量2oy
/個以下見掛は密度1.2y/cr/l以下の条件を満
足するものである。The solid fuel of the present invention is composed of a molded body mainly composed of a carbonaceous material, and contains a binder, a combustion accelerator, a desulfurizing agent, and a molding aid as necessary, and the molded body has a weight of 2 oy.
The apparent density is 1.2y/cr/l or less.
近年、石油危機を契機としたエネルギー情勢の変化を背
景に、石炭を中心とした炭素質燃料の見直しが活発化し
、1侠なエネルギー資源の有効な利用拡大が望まれてい
る。In recent years, against the backdrop of changes in the energy situation triggered by the oil crisis, there has been an active review of carbonaceous fuels, mainly coal, and there is a desire to expand the effective use of unique energy resources.
石炭等の固形燃料を有効に利用拡大化には太きな技術的
問題も多い。現在−例として石炭利用拡大の大きな技術
開発課題は、(イ)石炭を高度利用して未利用資源の有
効利用を図る(たとえば、微粉炭、褐炭の有効利用)、
(ロ)排煙処理技術を確立し、環境保全、効率の向上を
図る(たとえば、公害防止技術) 、ri石炭を液化し
、輸送、貯蔵等の不便さを解消する(たとえば、00M
燃料)、に)石油。There are many serious technical problems in effectively expanding the use of solid fuels such as coal. Currently, for example, the major technological development issues for expanding the use of coal are (a) advanced use of coal to effectively utilize unused resources (for example, effective use of pulverized coal and lignite);
(b) Establish flue gas treatment technology to protect the environment and improve efficiency (for example, pollution prevention technology), liquefy RI coal and eliminate the inconvenience of transportation, storage, etc. (for example, 00M
fuel), to) petroleum.
天然ガスの代替として利用する(たとえば、高カロリー
ガス化)、(ホ)石炭9石炭灰の丹資源化、新規需要分
野を開発する(たとえば、家庭用燃料)、などの取り組
みが検討されている。Efforts are being considered such as using it as a substitute for natural gas (e.g., high-calorie gasification), (e) turning coal into a red resource from coal ash, and developing new demand areas (e.g., household fuel). .
本発明は、上記技術開発課題の中で、特に(イ)。Among the above technical development issues, the present invention particularly addresses (a).
(ホ)に関連するもので、従来の固形燃料すなわち練炭
、豆炭とは異なる新しいタイプの家庭用固形燃料を提供
するものである。This is related to (e), and provides a new type of household solid fuel that is different from conventional solid fuels, ie, charcoal briquettes and small charcoal.
従来、固形燃料は工業用とぎ経用に大別できるが、石炭
を中心とする固形燃料の大部分は、工業用に便覧されて
いる。一方、家庭用として使用されている石炭利用の固
形燃料は、練炭、豆炭か主流で、木炭利用の消費は年々
減少傾向にあり、これらの家庭用固形燃料は、補助熱源
として利用されているにすぎない。しかしながらその中
で、木炭は高級調理用熱源として、ホテル、レストラン
などで需要が拡大化されつつあり、肉やうなぎなど調理
用として重要視されている。Conventionally, solid fuels can be broadly categorized into those for industrial use, but most of the solid fuels, mainly coal, are classified as industrial use. On the other hand, the main types of solid fuel using coal for household use are briquettes and pea charcoal, and the consumption of charcoal is decreasing year by year, and these solid fuels for household use are being used as an auxiliary heat source. Only. However, demand for charcoal is increasing as a heat source for high-quality cooking in hotels, restaurants, etc., and it is being regarded as important for cooking meat, eel, etc.
石炭、木炭等の有効利用あるいは′#規需要分野を考慮
すると、家庭用固形燃料を補助熱源として利用するので
はなく、付加価値の高い新しいタイプの固形燃料の開発
は急務である。しかしながら、現在市販の家庭用固形燃
料は一般的に練炭、豆炭である。一部携帯用、非常用固
形燃料としてアルコール燃料を含有したパラフィン、ワ
ックスなどもあるが、需要も少ない。Considering the effective use of coal, charcoal, etc. and the demand for '#', there is an urgent need to develop a new type of solid fuel with high added value rather than using household solid fuel as an auxiliary heat source. However, currently commercially available household solid fuels are generally charcoal briquettes and pea charcoal. There are some portable and emergency solid fuels such as paraffin and wax containing alcohol fuel, but demand is low.
このように一般的な練炭、豆炭の技術開発は、かなり進
歩し、着火、火回り特性、立消え、煙の発生、悪臭防止
、排ガス特性等の改良がなされ、最近では点火剤吋練炭
脅豆炭も市販されている。In this way, the technological development of general charcoal briquettes and small charcoal has progressed considerably, and improvements have been made in terms of ignition, fire-spinning characteristics, extinguishing, smoke generation, odor prevention, and exhaust gas characteristics. It is commercially available.
前記点火剤付練炭・豆炭について詳述すると、一般的に
点火剤と着火剤と主燃料の三1−構成からなる。第1図
に市販の点火剤付練炭の例を示す。図中1は主慾料層で
、その上部に着火剤層2を設け、さらに着火剤層2の上
部または隣接した位置に点火剤層3を設けた構成である
。このよ・うな家庭用固形燃料は重量的に比較的重く、
3oy〜4000り/iである。これらの固形燃料は、
着火・火回り特性、燃焼特性を改善するために、点火剤
9着火剤および主燃料の組成、配合比等が主に検討され
ている。しかし、これらの固形燃料は重量が太きいため
、特に燃焼初期(立トリ時)に多量の一酸化炭素を発生
する。すなわち安定(定常)燃焼するまでにかなりの時
間を要する。このことは着火・火回り特性が遅いために
発生する問題である。In detail, the igniting agent-equipped charcoal briquettes and charcoal charcoal are generally composed of three components: an igniting agent, an igniting agent, and a main fuel. Figure 1 shows an example of a commercially available briquette with igniter. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a main stimulant layer, on which an igniter layer 2 is provided, and further, an igniter layer 3 is provided above or adjacent to the igniter layer 2. Solid fuel for household use like this is relatively heavy in terms of weight.
It is 3 oy to 4000 l/i. These solid fuels are
In order to improve the ignition/fire characteristics and combustion characteristics, the composition, blending ratio, etc. of the ignition agent 9 and the main fuel have been mainly studied. However, since these solid fuels are heavy, they generate a large amount of carbon monoxide, especially at the beginning of combustion (during start-up). In other words, it takes a considerable amount of time to achieve stable (steady) combustion. This is a problem caused by slow ignition and fire-running characteristics.
また石炭を主燃料としているため、着火性が悪いこと、
熱容量が大きいことなども原因である。さらにこのよう
な着火・火回り特性、燃焼特性を論じる場合は、燃焼機
器と合わせて評価することも重要である。現在市販され
ている燃焼機器は、練炭コンロ、七輪、アンカ等で、練
炭、豆炭が改善されていると同様に、練炭コンロ等も改
良され、二次燃焼タイプ、軽量タイプなど燃焼機器特性
も改善されている。In addition, since coal is used as the main fuel, ignitability is poor,
Another reason is that it has a large heat capacity. Furthermore, when discussing such ignition/fire characteristics and combustion characteristics, it is important to evaluate them together with combustion equipment. Combustion appliances currently on the market include charcoal stoves, seven wheels, anchors, etc. Just as charcoal briquettes and small charcoal have been improved, briquette stoves have also been improved, and the characteristics of combustion appliances such as secondary combustion types and lightweight types have also been improved. has been done.
以上のことから従来の練炭、豆炭等の固形e科の欠点を
列記すると以下のようになる。Based on the above, the drawbacks of conventional solid e-type charcoal, such as briquettes and charcoal, are listed below.
(1)練炭、豆炭の熱容量が大きく、着火性が悪い0
(2)使用可能な燃焼状態、すなわち安定燃焼までに時
間を要する。(1) The heat capacity of briquettes and small charcoal is large and the ignitability is poor. (2) It takes time to reach a usable combustion state, that is, stable combustion.
(3)着火後、立消えすることもある。(3) After ignition, it may go out.
(4ン 点火時、煙や悪臭が発生する。(4) When ignited, smoke and bad odor are generated.
(6)燃焼初期と燃焼末期に有害ガス(特に−酸化炭素
、二酸化イオウなど)の発生量が多い。(6) A large amount of harmful gases (especially carbon oxide, sulfur dioxide, etc.) are generated at the beginning and end of combustion.
(6)1個当りの重電が大きいことは、熱容量も大きく
なり、燃焼温度が必然的に高い。このため燃焼灰がコン
ロに融着する。例えば石炭中のアルカリ金属、アルカリ
土類金属とコンロ成分中のシリカ、アルミナ等か高温反
応し、スピネル構造物となる。このような現象により、
コンロの形状が変化しあるいは排ガス特性が悪化しコン
ロが使用不能となる。(6) If the heavy electric power per unit is large, the heat capacity will also be large, and the combustion temperature will inevitably be high. This causes combustion ash to fuse to the stove. For example, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in coal react with silica, alumina, etc. in stove components at high temperatures, forming a spinel structure. Due to this phenomenon,
The shape of the stove changes or the exhaust gas characteristics deteriorate, making the stove unusable.
本発明は、上記欠点を改善し、軽軟かつ着火性等の優れ
た新しい固形燃料を提供するものである。The present invention aims to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks and provide a new solid fuel that is light, soft, and has excellent ignitability.
本発明を詳述する肩、従来市販されている練炭、豆炭の
緒特性を第1表に示す。Table 1 shows the characteristics of conventionally commercially available charcoal briquettes and bean charcoal.
第1表
本明細書において使用する成形体の重量、見掛は密度、
充填密度は以下の測定法によるものである。Table 1 Weight and apparent density of molded bodies used in this specification,
The packing density is determined by the following measurement method.
(1)重tk(il P/個)は、固形燃料の平均重量
すなわち、
を示す。固形燃料の大きさ、密度により重量にバラツキ
を生じるので、平均重量で表した。(1) Weight tk (il P/item) indicates the average weight of solid fuel, that is. Since the weight varies depending on the size and density of the solid fuel, it is expressed as an average weight.
(2)見掛は密度(x21/crll )は、固形燃料
1個当りの重量を見掛は体積で割ったものである。(2) The apparent density (x21/crll) is the weight of one solid fuel divided by the apparent volume.
ここで言う見掛は体積とは、形状が複雑な場合、計算上
求めにくいため、4℃の蒸留水に固形燃料を浸漬し、ア
ルキメデス法により体積を測定した。本発明の固形燃料
はかなり多孔質であるため、表面に撥水性樹脂、たとえ
ばシリコーン樹脂を薄く被覆したものを使用した。また
形状が小形のものについては、同一径、同寸法に粒度調
整し、前記と同様に撥水性樹脂を被覆し、固形燃料50
個を浸漬し、求めた。The apparent volume here is difficult to calculate when the shape is complex, so the solid fuel was immersed in distilled water at 4°C and the volume was measured using the Archimedes method. Since the solid fuel of the present invention is quite porous, the surface thereof was thinly coated with a water-repellent resin, such as a silicone resin. In addition, if the shape is small, the particle size is adjusted to the same diameter and size, and the solid fuel is coated with water-repellent resin in the same manner as above.
The sample was immersed and determined.
(3)充填密度(X3P/Cyll )は、1oooc
rIi用メスシリンダーに固形燃料を1ooOcd充填
し、固形燃料の重量を測定し求めた。(3) Packing density (X3P/Cyl) is 1oooc
The weight of the solid fuel was determined by filling 10Ocd of solid fuel into a measuring cylinder for rIi and measuring the weight of the solid fuel.
本発明の固形燃料は、炭素質物質を主成分′とする成形
体からなり、必要に応じ、粘結剤、燃焼促進剤、脱硫剤
および成形助剤を含有り、75一つ前記成形体が、重量
20p/個以下、見掛は密度1,2y/c4以下、充填
密度o、 s y /cA以下の条件を満足するもので
ある。この固形燃料の形状としては、円柱、角柱1円錐
、角錐等の棒状または筒状、あるいは球、だ円9錠剤等
の球状、または錠剤状の粒状物など種々の変形が可能で
ある。また前記炭素質物質としては、石炭、コークス、
木炭、黒鉛。The solid fuel of the present invention consists of a molded body containing a carbonaceous material as a main component, and contains a binder, a combustion accelerator, a desulfurizing agent, and a molding aid as necessary. , the weight is 20p/piece or less, the apparent density is 1,2y/c4 or less, and the packing density is o, sy /cA or less. The shape of this solid fuel can be variously modified, such as a rod-like or cylindrical shape such as a cylinder, a prismatic cone, or a pyramid, a spherical shape such as a sphere or a 9-ellipse tablet, or a granular material such as a tablet. Further, the carbonaceous materials include coal, coke,
Charcoal, graphite.
素灰あるいはその他の炭素質燃料を用いることができる
。Raw ash or other carbonaceous fuels can be used.
次に本発明を実施例に基づき詳細に説明する。Next, the present invention will be explained in detail based on examples.
第2〜3図は本発明の固形燃料の各種形状を示す。e→
棒状、に)筒状、(ホ)球状、(へ)錠剤状を示し、(
ト)のような不均一であっても良い。Figures 2 and 3 show various shapes of the solid fuel of the present invention. e →
Indicates rod-shaped, cylindrical, (e) spherical, (f) tablet-shaped, (
It may be non-uniform such as (g).
第4図は着火・火回り特性を測定するガス炎法を示し、
都市ガス用ガステープルコンロを用い、図に示すような
構成により、固形燃料の着火・火回り特性を着火時間に
より測定する。この時の着火時間は、ある一定時間ガス
炎により点火し、ガス炎を消火後、少なくとも10分間
以上燃焼することとし、ガ?炎加熱時間を着火・火回り
時間とした。図中、11はガステープルコンロ本体を示
し、バーナー12の上面より70rtan離れた所に直
径100 mm、長さ30mmの円筒状の固形燃料受皿
13を設置し、受皿13の下面開口には6メツシユの金
網14を設け、受皿13に固形燃料15を200jil
均等に充填する。Figure 4 shows the gas flame method for measuring ignition/fire characteristics.
Using a gas staple stove for city gas and the configuration shown in the figure, the ignition and fire-spinning characteristics of solid fuel are measured by the ignition time. The ignition time at this time is to ignite the gas flame for a certain period of time, and after extinguishing the gas flame, burn for at least 10 minutes. The flame heating time was defined as the ignition and fire rotation time. In the figure, 11 indicates the main body of the gas staple stove, and a cylindrical solid fuel tray 13 with a diameter of 100 mm and a length of 30 mm is installed at a distance of 70 rtan from the top surface of the burner 12. A wire mesh 14 is provided, and 200 jil of solid fuel 15 is placed in the saucer 13.
Fill evenly.
次に第6〜6図は着火特性、燃焼特性(燃焼排ガス特性
)を測定する点火刑法を示す。図中16は断熱構造物か
らなる燻焼器本体である。本体16は、側面下部に燃焼
用空気口17を設け、内部には円筒状の固形燃料受皿1
8を設置し、受皿18の下面は6メソシユの金網19を
設け、前記金網19の中央部に点火側設置用の溝20を
設けた構成である。点火方法は、受皿18に設けた溝2
゜に点火剤21を設置し、ガスライターでまず点火剤2
1に着火させる。着火後、ただちに固形燃料22を受皿
18に均等に充填させ着火・火回り特性(二酸化炭素の
ピーク値までの時間を着火時間とする)、燃焼特性(排
ガス中の一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、二酸化イオウの濃度
)を測定する0第6図は着火・火回り特性、燃焼特性を
把握するための排ガス測定装置の概侠を示し、本体16
の上部に円筒状フード23を設け、前記フード23の上
面は複数の独立した排ガス通気口24を設け、通気口2
4の中央部に排ガス測定用パイプ26を挿入し、排ガス
中のco等の濃度を測定する。Next, FIGS. 6 and 6 show an ignition method for measuring ignition characteristics and combustion characteristics (combustion exhaust gas characteristics). In the figure, 16 is a smoker body made of a heat insulating structure. The main body 16 has a combustion air port 17 at the lower side, and a cylindrical solid fuel tray 1 inside.
8, a wire mesh 19 of 6 mesh is provided on the underside of the saucer 18, and a groove 20 for installing the ignition side is provided in the center of the wire mesh 19. The ignition method is the groove 2 provided in the saucer 18.
Place igniter 21 at ゜, and use a gas lighter to first
Ignite 1. Immediately after ignition, the solid fuel 22 is evenly filled into the saucer 18, and the ignition/fire characteristics (the time until the peak value of carbon dioxide is taken as the ignition time), combustion characteristics (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and dioxide in the exhaust gas) Fig. 6 shows an overview of the exhaust gas measuring device for determining ignition/fire characteristics and combustion characteristics.
A cylindrical hood 23 is provided on the upper part of the hood 23, and a plurality of independent exhaust gas vents 24 are provided on the upper surface of the hood 23.
An exhaust gas measuring pipe 26 is inserted into the center of the exhaust gas, and the concentration of CO, etc. in the exhaust gas is measured.
・燃焼特性を把握する例を示すもので、点火剤21の代
りに直径5肋、長さ10〜20.で重量10りの円柱状
着火剤25をまず第4図のガス炎法により着火(補助着
火法)させ、着火直後に受皿18に設けた溝20に充填
させ、ただちに固形燃料22を受皿18に均等に充填さ
せ、着火・火回り特性。・This is an example of understanding the combustion characteristics, and instead of the igniter 21, a diameter of 5 ribs and a length of 10 to 20 mm is used. First, a cylindrical ignition agent 25 weighing 10 liters is ignited by the gas flame method shown in FIG. Fills evenly and has ignition/fire characteristics.
燃焼特性を測定する。Measure combustion characteristics.
上記三条性、すなわちガス炎法9点火剤法、補助着火法
による固形燃料の5段階評価基準を第2表に示す・。Table 2 shows the five-stage evaluation criteria for solid fuels based on the above-mentioned three-stage method, namely the gas flame method, 9 ignition agent method, and the auxiliary ignition method.
以下余白
着火法の総合点数が6点までを優、9点までを良、10
点以上は可とし、固形燃料を評価し、それぞれ◎、○、
×で表す。The overall score for the margin ignition method below is excellent for up to 6 points, good for up to 9 points, and 10.
A score of ◎, ○, or ◎, ○, or higher is acceptable if the solid fuel is evaluated.
Represented by ×.
また、点火刑法、補助着火法による燃焼特性のうち、特
にCOの発生量を評価対象ガスとし、第3表に示す評価
基準(6段階)K設定した。Furthermore, among the combustion characteristics according to the Ignition Penal Code and the auxiliary ignition method, the amount of CO generated was the gas to be evaluated, and the evaluation criteria (6 levels) K shown in Table 3 were set.
第3表
上記評価基準として点火刑法、補助着火法の総合点数が
3点までを優、6点までを良、6点以上は悪とし、それ
ぞれ◎、○、×で表す0以下、燃焼特性としてのC09
CO2,S02の濃度測定結果はそれぞれピーク値を示
す。Table 3: As the above evaluation criteria, a total score of up to 3 points for the Ignition Penal Code and Supplementary Ignition Law is considered excellent, up to 6 points is considered good, and 6 points or more is bad, and 0 or less is represented by ◎, ○, or ×, respectively, as combustion characteristics. C09 of
The concentration measurement results of CO2 and S02 each show a peak value.
第8図は排ガス中のCO2濃度の測定例を示し、CO2
濃度のピーク値までの時間を示したものであるO
上記のような測定に用いた点火剤は、外径2゜聴、内径
10mmの円筒形で、重量は3yである。Figure 8 shows an example of measuring CO2 concentration in exhaust gas.
The ignition agent used in the above measurements was cylindrical with an outer diameter of 2° and an inner diameter of 10 mm, and weighed 3 mm.
またその組成は、木炭60重量%C以下単にチで表す)
、無煙炭20%、硝酸カリウム10%、硝酸バリウム1
5%、アルミニウム粉末3%、過塩素酸カリウム2%で
ある。In addition, the composition of charcoal is expressed as 60% C by weight or less)
, anthracite 20%, potassium nitrate 10%, barium nitrate 1
5%, aluminum powder 3%, and potassium perchlorate 2%.
本発明の固形燃料の主成分である炭素質物質としては、
石炭、コークス、木炭、素灰、黒鉛9石油力−ボン、ま
たはその他の炭素質燃料として、木くず、活性炭などを
用いることができるが、石炭、コークス、木炭が資源的
に豊富で、低価格燃料として有利である0
次に粘結剤は一般的に使用されているピノーテ。The carbonaceous material that is the main component of the solid fuel of the present invention includes:
Coal, coke, charcoal, raw ash, graphite, or other carbonaceous fuels such as wood chips and activated carbon can be used, but coal, coke, and charcoal are abundant resources and low-cost fuels. It is advantageous as 0 The next binder is commonly used Pinote.
タール、フッ1ハ糖密、ノくルプ排液、セメント。Tar, Fu1ha molasses, Norkurp drainage, cement.
ニカワ、石灰、水ガラス、石コウ、澱粉、カルボキシメ
チルセルロース(以下CMCで表す)等を用いる。Glue, lime, water glass, gypsum, starch, carboxymethyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as CMC), etc. are used.
4
燃焼促進剤は、一般的に酸化剤とも言われ、硝酸カリウ
ム、硝酸バリウム、過塩素酸カリウム。4 Combustion accelerators are generally called oxidizing agents and include potassium nitrate, barium nitrate, and potassium perchlorate.
酸化マグネシウム、酸化鉄、酸化マンガン、アルミニウ
ム粉末等の一般的に使用されているものは使用可能であ
る。また脱硫剤は石炭中のイオウ化合物を固定化させる
もので、炭酸力ルンウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグ
ネシウム、ドロマイト等を使用し、成形助剤は、成形方
法により、成形性、滑り性等を改善する目的に添加する
もので、ベントナイト、タルク、粘土、カオリン等を用
いることができる。Commonly used materials such as magnesium oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, and aluminum powder can be used. In addition, the desulfurization agent fixes sulfur compounds in coal, and uses carbonate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, dolomite, etc., and the forming aid improves formability, slipperiness, etc. depending on the forming method. Bentonite, talc, clay, kaolin, etc. can be used.
上記炭素質物質、粘結剤、燃焼促進剤、脱硫剤および成
形助剤の好ましい配合比は、
炭素質物質 1oo〜60重量係粘結剤
0〜10重量係燃焼促進剤
0〜30重量%脱硫剤 0〜
30重量%成形助剤 0〜10重量係
の範囲であり、特にイオウ化合物の多い石炭、コク′ス
、木炭等の炭素質物質を用いる場合は、16
炭素質物質 90〜50重量%粘結剤
0.5〜10重量%燃焼促進剤
0〜30重量%脱硫剤 3〜30重
量%成形助剤 1〜10重量%の範囲が
好ましい。The preferred blending ratio of the carbonaceous substance, binder, combustion accelerator, desulfurization agent and molding aid is as follows: Carbonaceous substance: 1oo to 60% weight coefficient: Binder
0-10 weight combustion accelerator
0~30wt% desulfurization agent 0~
30% by weight forming aid, 0 to 10% by weight, especially when using carbonaceous substances such as coal, cox, charcoal, etc. that are rich in sulfur compounds: 16 Carbonaceous substances 90 to 50% by weight Binder
0.5-10% by weight combustion accelerator
0 to 30% by weight desulfurizing agent 3 to 30% by weight forming aid 1 to 10% by weight is preferred.
次に本発明の重要なポイントである重量、見掛は密度、
充填密度について、実施例に基づき説明する。Next, the important point of the present invention is weight, apparent density,
The packing density will be explained based on examples.
実施例に用いた固形燃料の組成を第4表に示す1つ第4
表
上記の組成となるように原料を乾式混合した後、成形に
足るだけの水を加えて湿式混合し、その後2つの成形法
、すなわち造粒成形機と加圧成形機を用い、直径10m
m、長さ2o±1閣の円柱体に成形した。The composition of the solid fuel used in the examples is shown in Table 4.
After dry mixing the raw materials to obtain the composition shown in the table above, adding enough water for molding and wet mixing, then using two molding methods, namely a granulation molding machine and a pressure molding machine, a diameter of 10 m
It was molded into a cylindrical body with a length of 2o±1cm.
成形した固形燃料の諸物性を第6表に示す。Table 6 shows the physical properties of the molded solid fuel.
以下余白
7
法、補助着火法により着火・大回り特性および排ガスの
CO濃度を求めた。その結果をそれぞれ第6表、第7表
、第8表に示す、っ
第6表
以下余白
19
第7表
以下余白
0
第8表
第6〜8表から明らかなように、固形燃料の見掛は密度
の影響は大きい。すなわち、三条性(ガス炎法1点火剤
法および補助着火法)による着火・火回り特性は、燃焼
条件により異なるが、第9表のような総合評価によると
、見掛は密度により着火・火回り特性が大きく異なる○
また燃焼特性も着火・火回り特性と相対的に比例してい
る。以上のことから固形燃料が1−〜3y/個の範囲、
すなわち2oy/個以下であっても、見掛は密度。The following margin 7 method and auxiliary ignition method were used to determine the ignition and large turning characteristics and the CO concentration of the exhaust gas. The results are shown in Tables 6, 7, and 8, respectively. The influence of density is large. In other words, the ignition and fire-spinning characteristics of the three-line method (gas flame method, one ignition agent method, and auxiliary ignition method) differ depending on the combustion conditions, but according to the comprehensive evaluation shown in Table 9, the apparent ignition and fire-spinning characteristics vary depending on the density. The rotational characteristics are significantly different○
Furthermore, the combustion characteristics are also relatively proportional to the ignition/fire characteristics. From the above, the solid fuel is in the range of 1-3y/piece,
In other words, even if it is less than 2oy/piece, the appearance is density.
充填密度がそれぞれ、
以下余白
2
り特性、燃焼特性の総合評価は良い。しかしこれらの固
形燃料の諸物性を満足しない場合でも、点火剤、@助着
火手段としての点火9着火熱源量を\1、
大とすれば可能である。このように点火1着火熱源を多
量に用いることは、特に−酸化炭素の発生次に第4表に
示すBM成のものについて、造粒 □円柱体を9種類作
成した。これらの固形燃料の諸物性を第10表に示す。The overall evaluation of the packing density and combustion characteristics is good. However, even if these physical properties of the solid fuel are not satisfied, it is possible to increase the amount of ignition heat source by \1, as the ignition agent and auxiliary ignition means. In this way, using a large amount of the ignition heat source for ignition 1 is particularly effective in generating -carbon oxide.Nine types of cylindrical bodies were produced for the BM compositions shown in Table 4. Table 10 shows the physical properties of these solid fuels.
なお、長さは表示長さの±1鴫である。Note that the length is ±1 of the displayed length.
以下余白
4
〕
および補助着火法により各種諸物性を測定した結果を各
々第11表、第12表および第13表に示す。Table 11, Table 12 and Table 13 show the results of various physical properties measured using the auxiliary ignition method and the auxiliary ignition method.
以下余白
6
27 −
28
の1個当り9重量の影響は大である。すなわち、ガス炎
法9点火剤法および補助着火法による着火・火回り特性
は燃焼条件により異なるが、第14表のような総合評価
によると、1個当りの重量により、着火φ大同り特性が
大きく異なる。また燃焼特性も着火−大回り特性と相対
的に比例している。以上のことから固形燃料が20y/
個以下で、かつ見掛は密度、充填密度がそれぞれ1 、
2 F /(Ill +0.8P/crt1以下であれ
ば着火・火回り特性、燃焼特性は良い。しかしながら、
これらの固形燃料の緒特性を満足しない場合でも、点火
剤、補助着火手段としての点火9着火熱源敏を大とすれ
ば可能であるが、特に燃焼排ガス中のCOの発生量は多
くなり、未f°焼ガスとなり、固形燃料の燃焼効率も悪
くなり好ましくない。 ・以下余白
0
以上の結果より明らかなように、成形体の主成分が炭素
質仲買からなり、必要に応じ、粘結剤。Below, the influence of 9 weight per piece of the margin 6 27 - 28 is large. In other words, although the ignition and firing characteristics of the gas flame method, the ignition agent method, and the auxiliary ignition method vary depending on the combustion conditions, according to the comprehensive evaluation as shown in Table 14, the ignition φ large same characteristics vary depending on the weight per piece. to differ greatly. Furthermore, the combustion characteristics are also relatively proportional to the ignition-large rotation characteristics. From the above, solid fuel is 20y/
, and the apparent density and packing density are each 1,
2F/(Ill +0.8P/crt1 or less, the ignition/fire characteristics and combustion characteristics are good. However,
Even if these solid fuel characteristics are not satisfied, it is possible to increase the ignition heat source sensitivity of the ignition agent and auxiliary ignition means, but this will increase the amount of CO generated in the combustion exhaust gas, and the This is undesirable as it becomes f° burnt gas and the combustion efficiency of the solid fuel deteriorates.・Margin below: 0 As is clear from the above results, the main component of the molded product is carbonaceous material, and if necessary, a binder is added.
燃焼促進剤、脱硫剤および成形助剤を含有し、かつ前記
成形体が重量2oy/個以下、見掛は密度1.2y/c
rIl以下の条件を満足した固形燃料は、従来の固形燃
料と比較し、着火・火回り特性を著しく改善させること
ができ、かつ燃焼特性、特にCOの発生量も減少させる
ことができる。Contains a combustion accelerator, a desulfurizing agent, and a molding aid, and the molded body has a weight of 2 oy/piece or less and an apparent density of 1.2 y/c.
A solid fuel that satisfies the conditions of rIl or less can significantly improve ignition and fire characteristics, and can also reduce combustion characteristics, especially the amount of CO generated, compared to conventional solid fuels.
第1図は従来の固形燃料を示すもので、aは斜視図、b
は縦断面図である。第2図は本発明による固形燃料の例
を示すもので、aは斜視図、bは底面図である。第3図
は本発明による固形燃料の例を示す平面図である。第4
〜7図は固形燃料の着火・火回り特性等を測定する装置
を示すもので、第4図はガス炎法による装置の縦断面図
、第6〜6図は点火刑法による装置の縦断面図、第7図
は補助着火法による装置の縦断面図である。第8図固形
燃料の燃焼に伴う排ガス中の002の濃度変化を示す図
である。
第1図
(の (b)
(α)(b)
1g2図
(tsr−f3 (ハ>−f4 (/1l−15(
tu−fに Cハ)−f’1第2図
(コーf (二]−2(二2−3 (ニ)−4(二ン
ー5(二〕−G (−一7 (−一8 (コー9第31
1
体)−1(本)−2(ホ)−3
(へ]−I (へ)−2(へ]−3(トン−1t
l−)−2
第4図
第5図
8Figure 1 shows a conventional solid fuel, where a is a perspective view and b
is a vertical sectional view. FIG. 2 shows an example of the solid fuel according to the present invention, in which a is a perspective view and b is a bottom view. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of the solid fuel according to the present invention. Fourth
Figures 7 to 7 show a device for measuring the ignition/fire characteristics of solid fuel, and Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the device based on the gas flame method, and Figures 6 to 6 are vertical cross-sectional views of the device based on the Ignition Penal Code. , FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a device using the auxiliary ignition method. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a change in the concentration of 002 in exhaust gas due to combustion of solid fuel. Fig. 1 ((b) (α) (b) 1g2 Fig. (tsr-f3 (c>-f4 (/1l-15(
To tu-f Cc)-f'1 Figure 2 (Cho f (2)-2(22-3 (d)-4(2-5(2)-G (-17 (-18) Co 9th 31st
1 body) -1 (book) -2 (e) -3 (to) -I (to) -2 (to) -3 (ton - 1t
l-)-2 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 8
Claims (1)
当りの重量が205E以下で、かつ見掛は密度1.2
y /−以下である固形燃料。(1) Consisting of a molded body whose main component is carbonaceous material, the weight per piece is 205E or less, and the apparent density is 1.2
y /- or less solid fuel.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15766381A JPS5859288A (en) | 1981-10-02 | 1981-10-02 | Solid fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15766381A JPS5859288A (en) | 1981-10-02 | 1981-10-02 | Solid fuel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5859288A true JPS5859288A (en) | 1983-04-08 |
Family
ID=15654653
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP15766381A Pending JPS5859288A (en) | 1981-10-02 | 1981-10-02 | Solid fuel |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5859288A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62153353U (en) * | 1986-03-17 | 1987-09-29 | ||
US5002733A (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-03-26 | American Alloys, Inc. | Silicon alloys containing calcium and method of making same |
GB2267289A (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-12-01 | Burn Eazy Charcoal Manufacture | Charcoal composition |
FR2937650A1 (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2010-04-30 | Andreas Anest | Coal entirely without wood, obtained from a raw material composed of residues from olive oil extraction, where the material is crushed kernels, useful for cooking in barbecue |
CN102776046A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-14 | 崔仁仙 | Environment-friendly barbecue fuel rod and production method of environment-friendly barbecue fuel rod |
RU2473672C1 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-27 | Геннадий Ефимович Нагибин | Method to produce briquette fuel |
WO2013093097A1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Kentucky-Tennessee Clay Co. | Mineral additive blend compositions and methods for operating combustors for avoiding problems such as agglomeration, deposition, corrosion and reducing emissions |
CN103275784A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-09-04 | 何子瑜 | Coal fuel sulfur-fixation burning accelerant and preparation method thereof |
CN104119977A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-29 | 张启凤 | A honeycomb briquette brick |
CN108913260A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-30 | 合肥市晶谷农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of biomass fuel pellet |
-
1981
- 1981-10-02 JP JP15766381A patent/JPS5859288A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62153353U (en) * | 1986-03-17 | 1987-09-29 | ||
US5002733A (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-03-26 | American Alloys, Inc. | Silicon alloys containing calcium and method of making same |
GB2267289A (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-12-01 | Burn Eazy Charcoal Manufacture | Charcoal composition |
GB2267289B (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1996-03-20 | Burn Eazy Charcoal Manufacture | Charcoal |
FR2937650A1 (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2010-04-30 | Andreas Anest | Coal entirely without wood, obtained from a raw material composed of residues from olive oil extraction, where the material is crushed kernels, useful for cooking in barbecue |
RU2473672C1 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-27 | Геннадий Ефимович Нагибин | Method to produce briquette fuel |
WO2013093097A1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Kentucky-Tennessee Clay Co. | Mineral additive blend compositions and methods for operating combustors for avoiding problems such as agglomeration, deposition, corrosion and reducing emissions |
US10982163B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2021-04-20 | Imerys Usa, Inc. | Mineral additive blend compositions and methods of use thereof |
CN102776046A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-14 | 崔仁仙 | Environment-friendly barbecue fuel rod and production method of environment-friendly barbecue fuel rod |
CN102776046B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-06-25 | 崔仁仙 | Environment-friendly barbecue fuel rod and production method of environment-friendly barbecue fuel rod |
CN103275784A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-09-04 | 何子瑜 | Coal fuel sulfur-fixation burning accelerant and preparation method thereof |
CN104119977A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-29 | 张启凤 | A honeycomb briquette brick |
CN108913260A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-30 | 合肥市晶谷农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of biomass fuel pellet |
CN108913260B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2022-06-14 | 合肥市晶谷农业科技开发有限公司 | Biomass fuel particle |
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