JPS5854638B2 - Catalytic oxidation water treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明は有機汚水を微生物にて酸化分解し浄化する水
処理装置中浸漬接触材を用いる方法に属するものである
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method using an immersed contact material in a water treatment device for oxidatively decomposing and purifying organic wastewater using microorganisms.

従来の浸漬接触材は比重が水より重いものが通例であり
、水槽内の水中に接触材を浸漬し、■圧搾空気を水底よ
り吹き込み接触材の表面に生成した生物膜に酸素を供給
するか、■水槽内を接触材のない上昇循環水流用の管路
な設けこの下部より空気を吹き込み、エヤーリフトポン
プ効果と同時に酸素の水への溶解効果を期し、下向の循
環水流を接触材に通ずる方法等がある。Conventional immersed contact materials usually have a specific gravity higher than water, so the contact material is immersed in water in an aquarium, and compressed air is blown from the bottom of the water to supply oxygen to the biological film that has formed on the surface of the contact material. , ■ A conduit for upward circulating water flow without a contact material is installed inside the aquarium, and air is blown from the bottom of this pipe to achieve the air lift pump effect and the effect of dissolving oxygen in water, and the downward circulating water flow is used as a contact material. There are ways to communicate.

この前者０は吹き込まれた空気は水面上に出る迄に接触
材の抵抗を受は水中の滞留時間が長く酸素の溶解効果は
よいが、水槽内全域の水流の循環は期待できず水処理装
置として効果的な方法ではない。In the case of the former 0, the blown air is subject to the resistance of the contact material before it reaches the water surface, so the residence time in the water is long, and the oxygen dissolution effect is good, but the circulation of water flow throughout the entire area of the aquarium cannot be expected, and the water treatment equipment This is not an effective method.

後者の■は水流の循環は良く接触材との接触効果は前者
よりまさるが、空気の水中滞留時間が非常に短く、且つ
循環水流の発生の機能も機械的の揚水方式に比し、加え
られたエネルギーの利用効率が非常に小さく、多量の循
環水流を得るには動力を多く必要とする。The latter (2) has good water circulation and better contact effect with the contact material than the former, but the residence time of air in the water is very short, and the function of generating circulating water flow is not added compared to the mechanical pumping method. The energy utilization efficiency is very low, and a large amount of power is required to obtain a large amount of circulating water flow.

浸漬接触材による生物酸化処理は接触材と被処理水の接
触頻度（循環水流量）に比例して向上することは発明者
の数多の実験実証テストによっても明らかであって、特
にＢＯＤ、ＣＯＤ数値の小さな希薄な汚水の高度処理の
場合は酸素の吹き込み補給はあまり重要でなく循環水量
に左右されることが判明している。It is clear from the inventor's numerous experimental demonstration tests that the biological oxidation treatment using the immersed contact material improves in proportion to the contact frequency between the contact material and the water to be treated (circulating water flow rate). In the case of advanced treatment of dilute wastewater with a small value, it has been found that oxygen blowing and replenishment is not very important and depends on the amount of circulating water.

この発明は従来の浸漬接触材水処理装置の上記の欠点の
改善を目的としたもので、以下その詳細を図に示す一例
により説明する。The present invention aims to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional immersion contact material water treatment apparatus, and details thereof will be explained below with reference to an example shown in the drawings.

この発明の装置の水槽１は水面積に比し水深の深いもの
が、装置据付面積の減少効果ばかりでなく、エネルギー
節約上や処理能力向上面でも好ましいが、ＢＯＤ、ＣＯ
Ｄの値の大きな高濃度汚水の場合は溶存酸素不足の点で
水深の制限を受ける場合もある。It is preferable that the water tank 1 of the device of this invention be deep compared to the water area, not only to reduce the installation area of the device but also to save energy and improve processing capacity.
In the case of highly concentrated wastewater with a large value of D, water depth may be limited due to the lack of dissolved oxygen.

水槽１の下方の水平断面形状は三角形以上の多角形、円
形、楕円形等でもよいが、水槽１の水面近くの上部は後
述する長い水平軸を持つ回転水車２を設置する必要上必
然的に細長い矩形形状か、又は複数の回転水車２を並列
する場合には四角形状が機能上望ましい。The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the lower part of the water tank 1 may be a polygon of triangular or larger, circular, oval, etc., but the upper part of the water tank 1 near the water surface is necessarily required to install a rotary water turbine 2 with a long horizontal axis, which will be described later. An elongated rectangular shape or, when a plurality of rotary water turbines 2 are arranged in parallel, a square shape is functionally desirable.

この装置の特徴は水面で曝気を兼ね且つ多量の循環水流
を効果的に得る水平回転水車２と循環水流（矢印３）を
得るために落差を与える水車２の外周に沿い適応する円
弧面仕切板４とこれに連なる縦方向仕切板５及び水槽１
内に充填される接触材６，６・・・・・・を主たる構成
物とするものである。The features of this device include a horizontally rotating water wheel 2 that doubles as aeration on the water surface and effectively obtains a large amount of circulating water flow, and an arcuate partition plate that is adapted along the outer periphery of the water wheel 2 that provides a head to obtain a circulating water flow (arrow 3). 4, a vertical partition plate 5 and a water tank 1 connected thereto
The main components are contact materials 6, 6, . . . filled inside.

水平回転水車２の構造は直径に比し長い全長を持ち、そ
の回転軸７は水槽１の水面８上近く、回転軸７に両端の
円板９，９を介して放射状に固設の複数の掻き揚げ胸板
１０，１０・・・・・・が下方に位置するときに水没す
る程度に水平に、回動可能に、軸受１１．１１にて支持
され、回転原動機１２にて矢印１３の方向に周速１５０
米／分以下の跳ね飛沫が余り多量に生じない程度の低速
度回転を与えるものである。The structure of the horizontal rotary water turbine 2 has a long overall length compared to its diameter, and its rotating shaft 7 is located near the water surface 8 of the water tank 1. The raking breast plates 10, 10... are horizontally and rotatably supported by bearings 11, 11 to the extent that they are submerged in water when they are located below, and are rotated by a rotating prime mover 12 in the direction of the arrow 13. Peripheral speed 150
The rotation speed is low enough not to generate too many splashes of rice per minute or less.

この水車２の揚水効果をより良くするため水中に水車２
の直下より回転方向に水面に向けて、水車２の外周に沿
い小間隙を隔てて位置する円弧面状の水面下の仕切板４
を設け、これに連なる縦方向の仕切板５にて水槽１内の
中間部分を縦方向に仕切ると水槽１内全域に上下方向の
循環水流３が水車２の全長にわたり多量に発生する。In order to improve the pumping effect of this water wheel 2, the water wheel 2 is placed underwater.
An arc-shaped submerged partition plate 4 located along the outer periphery of the water turbine 2 with a small gap in between toward the water surface in the direction of rotation from directly below the water wheel.
When a middle part of the water tank 1 is vertically partitioned by a vertical partition plate 5 connected thereto, a large amount of circulating water flow 3 in the vertical direction is generated throughout the entire interior of the water tank 1 over the entire length of the water wheel 2.

円弧面仕切板４は水車２により汲み上げられた水の逆流
を防止する弁の役目を胸板１０とともに受は持ち、水車
２０両端の円板９，９は回転軸７０両端方向への水漏れ
防止と胸板１０の支持を兼ねるものである。The arcuate partition plate 4 and the chest plate 10 serve as a valve to prevent the water pumped up by the water wheel 2 from flowing backward, and the discs 9 at both ends of the water wheel 20 prevent water from leaking toward both ends of the rotating shaft 70. It also serves to support the chest plate 10.

胸板１０は単なる平面板でもよいが、曝気性能向上の目
的で多孔板でもよく、揚水性能向上目的には第３図に示
す曲面断面１４や屈曲断面（図示は省略）を持つものも
よく、両者の併用も曝気や揚水に対しより効果的である
。The chest plate 10 may be a simple flat plate, but may also be a perforated plate for the purpose of improving aeration performance, or may have a curved cross section 14 shown in FIG. 3 or a bent cross section (not shown) for the purpose of improving pumping performance. Combination use is also more effective for aeration and pumping.

水槽１内に充填する接触材は化学工学の気液接触充填材
と同じラシヒリング（直径と長さがほぼ等しい薄肉小径
の短管）や網目状の合成樹脂の短管や小石、砕石で一辺
又は直径が５α程度以下の比重が１より大きく沈むもの
或いは水に浮くものであってもよいが、使用上優れたも
のとしては硬質ポリエチレン製の一辺が５σ位の角形の
素線の細い（０，５〜０．２ミリ）、網目の間隙は３〜
１０ミリ位の網目板又は網目管の複数を重ねて扁平な厚
み（５〜２０ミリ）の小塊に保持するためにその中央部
１６を溶着した第４図に示す積層網の小塊状の接触材１
５が僅かに水に浮き、空隙率や表面積も非常に大きく、
通水性や接触効果もよく、安価で使用面でも優れている
。The contact material filled in the water tank 1 is the same as the gas-liquid contact filler used in chemical engineering, such as Raschig rings (thin, small-diameter short tubes with approximately the same diameter and length), mesh-like synthetic resin short tubes, pebbles, and crushed stones on one side or Items with a diameter of about 5α or less and a specific gravity greater than 1 that sink or float on water may be used, but those that are excellent in use are thin rectangular strands (0, 0, 5~0.2 mm), the mesh gap is 3~
A small block-like contact of a laminated net shown in Fig. 4, in which a plurality of mesh plates or mesh pipes of about 10 mm are stacked and the central part 16 is welded to hold them in a flat block with a thickness of 5 to 20 mm. Material 1
5 slightly floats on water, and has a very large porosity and surface area.
It has good water permeability and contact effect, is inexpensive, and is excellent in terms of use.

この種の合成樹脂製の水に浮く接触材１５は循環水流３
に流され、水車２に巻き込まれ破損することの防止と、
接触材の表面に付着する微生物の過大な剥離を防ぐため
に、仕切板５の循環水流３の上昇流側の上部に多孔板１
７を設けると水より軽い接触材１５であっても水車２に
巻き込まれることはなく、静止の状態に保持できる。This kind of contact material 15 made of synthetic resin that floats on water is
to prevent water from being swept away by water, caught in the water turbine 2, and damaged;
In order to prevent excessive detachment of microorganisms adhering to the surface of the contact material, a perforated plate 1 is installed on the upper part of the partition plate 5 on the upward flow side of the circulating water flow 3.
7, even if the contact material 15 is lighter than water, it will not be caught up in the water wheel 2 and can be kept stationary.

この発明の効果としては水車２と仕切板４，５にて低揚
程の揚水機を形成するが、浸漬接触材６中を通過する循
環水流３の損失水頭（水柱）は通過距離１米につき数ミ
リ以下で、数十米の深さに充填された接触材６でも数セ
ンチ乃至十数センチメートルの水頭損であり、全くこの
目的に完全に適合する揚水機で、又その水車２の全長に
亘って水槽１全域にほぼ同じ平均速度を持つ水流３が多
量に得られるのは他の形式の軸流ポンプや高速遠心ポン
プ、エヤーリフトポンプ等で得られない浸漬接触材水処
理装置用として欠くべからざる要素を持つ揚水機であっ
て、その加えられたエネルギー（電力）に対する効率も
かかる低揚程の範囲では他の追従を許さない程良い。The effect of this invention is that the water turbine 2 and the partition plates 4 and 5 form a water pump with a low head, but the head loss (water column) of the circulating water flow 3 passing through the immersed contact material 6 is several times per meter of passing distance. Even if the contact material 6 is filled to a depth of several tens of meters, the water head loss will be several centimeters to several tens of centimeters. The ability to obtain a large amount of water flow 3 with approximately the same average velocity over the entire area of the water tank 1 is essential for immersed contact material water treatment equipment, which cannot be obtained with other types of axial flow pumps, high-speed centrifugal pumps, air lift pumps, etc. It is a water pump that has certain essential elements, and its efficiency with respect to the added energy (electricity) is so good that no other product can match it in the range of such a low lift.

曝気効果も水面での水車２の胸板１０の出没による曝気
効果は高く、多量の大小の気泡を水中にたたき入れる作
用もあり、水底の散気管による吹き込み曝気に比し、非
常に僅かのエネルギーしか消費しない。The aeration effect is high due to the appearance of the breast plate 10 of the water wheel 2 on the water surface, and it also has the effect of knocking a large amount of large and small air bubbles into the water, and requires very little energy compared to the aeration blowing through the aeration pipe at the bottom of the water. Don't consume.

これは非常に重い水の重量に抗して行われる水底曝気と
この必要が全くない水面曝気との違いであることは申す
迄もない。Needless to say, this is the difference between bottom aeration, which is carried out against the extremely heavy weight of water, and surface aeration, which does not require this at all.

水面曝気であっても曝気されて溶存酸素を含む水は仕切
板５の存在によって水底迄必ず到達し、数分内に一循環
するが、水槽１内は連通管を形成し、仕切板５０両水路
内の水が重量的にバランスしているので、接触材３を通
過するための摩擦損失水頭のみで多量の水流が得られ、
無駄な水頭損失や水圧に抗する等エネルギーの浪費は全
くない。Even in water surface aeration, the aerated water containing dissolved oxygen always reaches the bottom of the water due to the presence of the partition plate 5, and circulates once within a few minutes. Since the water in the water channel is weight-balanced, a large amount of water flow can be obtained with only the friction head loss due to passing through the contact material 3.
There is no wasted energy such as unnecessary loss of water head or resisting water pressure.

更に他の特徴として被処理水の短絡現象が皆無である。Another feature is that there is no short circuit phenomenon of the water to be treated.

即ち被処理水の供給管１８と排出溢流管１９の位置を回
転軸７の一端と他端の側に選定すると循環水流３に必ず
直交して通過せねばならないが、供給水量に比し循環水
流３は数十乃至数百倍量と非常に大きく、大水量の流れ
る水路の一方の側に小水量を供給し他の側より排出する
場合に短絡流が皆無となると同様である。In other words, if the supply pipe 18 and discharge overflow pipe 19 of the water to be treated are located at one end and the other end of the rotating shaft 7, the water must pass perpendicularly to the circulating water flow 3, but the circulating water flow is small compared to the amount of water supplied. The water flow 3 is very large, several tens to hundreds of times larger, and it is the same as when a small amount of water is supplied to one side of a waterway through which a large amount of water flows and is discharged from the other side, there is no short-circuit flow.

又、循環水流３は接触材６を通過するとき経時的には断
面各所においてほぼ均等に通過する。Further, when the circulating water flow 3 passes through the contact material 6, it passes through the contact material 6 almost uniformly at various points in the cross section over time.

即ち循環水流３は多量ではあっても水路断面も大きく水
流の平均速度は毎秒数メートル以下に過ぎず、この場合
接触材６内の流れは部分的に停止の個所と流れの早い部
分が必ず生じるが、流れの早い個所には固着微生物の発
生も多くなり、循環水流によって運ばれる固形物も多く
、これらによって接触材６０間隔がせばまり、ついには
流れの停滞を起こし、今迄流れの停止していた個所に循
環水流３は移行する。That is, although the circulating water flow 3 is large in volume, the cross section of the channel is large and the average speed of the water flow is only a few meters per second or less, and in this case, the flow within the contact material 6 always has some parts where it stops and parts where the flow is fast. However, in places where the flow is fast, there are many sessile microorganisms, and there are also many solids carried by the circulating water flow, which narrows the gap between the contact materials 60, eventually causing flow stagnation, and until now the flow has stopped. The circulating water flow 3 moves to the place where it was.

固着微生物や固形有機物により閉塞を起こし流れの停滞
した個所は栄養も酸素も運ばれず微生物が枯死し、嫌気
分解を起こす等、接触材６０表面より剥離し水流を受は
入れる如く再生するので、水路全域を経時的に見る場合
各所で常に均等した水流が生じている。In areas where the flow is stagnant due to blockage due to fixed microorganisms or solid organic matter, nutrients and oxygen are not transported, the microorganisms die, and anaerobic decomposition occurs, causing them to peel off from the surface of the contact material 60 and regenerate to receive water flow. When looking at the entire area over time, uniform water flow is always occurring at each location.

更に水槽１の水深を深く接触材６を多量に充填する場合
もその水流摩擦損失水頭に相当する水位差が仕切板４，
５０両側水路で生じ、必要以上の揚程を揚水機に与える
ことは全くない。Furthermore, even when the depth of water in the water tank 1 is deep and a large amount of contact material 6 is filled, the water level difference corresponding to the water flow friction loss head is the same as that of the partition plate 4,
50 on both sides of the waterway, and does not give the pump any more head than necessary.

循環水流３の摩擦損失水頭が大きな場合は水車２の直径
を大きく設定し、抱板１０の枚数の増加によって容易に
対処し得る。If the friction head loss of the circulating water flow 3 is large, this can be easily dealt with by setting the diameter of the water wheel 2 large and increasing the number of holding plates 10.

又、循環水流３の量は水車２０回転数を増すことにより
容易に増加させ得る。Further, the amount of circulating water flow 3 can be easily increased by increasing the number of revolutions of the water wheel 20.

水に浮く接触材１５の場合、水槽１の底部に空所２０が
生じる如く接触材１５の充填量を定めると、この空所２
０は剥離微生物（汚泥）の沈澱個所２０となり、後処理
用の沈澱槽を省略し得る。In the case of the contact material 15 floating on water, if the filling amount of the contact material 15 is determined so that a void 20 is created at the bottom of the water tank 1, this void 2
0 is the sedimentation point 20 of the detached microorganisms (sludge), and a sedimentation tank for post-treatment can be omitted.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明の１例を示す第２図のＡ−Ａ視正面断面
図。 第２図は同上の第１図のＢ−Ｂ視測面断面図。 第３図は曲面抱板１４を持つ水車２０回転軸７に直交の
断面図。 第４図は積層網状の接触材１５の斜視図。 １・・・・・・水槽、２・・・・・・水車、３・・・・
・・循環水流、４・・・・・・円弧面仕切板、５・・・
・・・縦方向仕切板、６・・・・・・接触材、７・・・
・・・回転軸、８・・・・・・水面、９・・・・・・円
板、１０・・・−・・抱板、１１・・・・・・軸受、１
２・・・・・・回転原動機、１３・・・・・・回転方向
、１４・・・・・・曲面断面指板、１５・・・・・・接
触材、１７・・・・・・多孔板、１８・・・・・・供給
管、１９・・・・・・排出溢流管。FIG. 1 is a front sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2, showing one example of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a water turbine 20 having a curved holding plate 14 orthogonal to the rotating shaft 7. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the laminated network contact material 15. 1...Aquarium, 2...Waterwheel, 3...
... Circulating water flow, 4... Arc surface partition plate, 5...
...Vertical partition plate, 6...Contact material, 7...
...Rotating shaft, 8...Water surface, 9...Disc, 10...-Holding plate, 11...Bearing, 1
2...Rotating motor, 13...Rotation direction, 14...Curved cross-section fingerboard, 15...Contact material, 17...Porous hole Plate, 18... Supply pipe, 19... Discharge overflow pipe.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １ 水槽の内部中間を縦方向の仕切板にて循環水路を形
成する如く区分し、放射状に固設の複数の抱板を持つ水
車の回転軸を水槽水面上近く水平に設置し、水面平鉄仕
切板の上端で水車の抱板の外周に沿い、且つ水車の回転
方向に沿う方向のみに円弧面仕切板を突設し、この両者
にて構成される揚水機を回転稼動させて、水槽内に該仕
切板の周囲を回流する循環水流を発生させ、水槽内には
接触材を充填してなる接触酸化水処理装置。1 The interior of the tank is divided in the middle with vertical partition plates to form a circulation waterway, and the rotating shaft of the water wheel, which has multiple radially fixed holding plates, is installed horizontally near the water surface of the tank. An arcuate partition plate is provided at the upper end of the partition plate along the outer periphery of the water turbine holding plate and extends only in the direction along the rotation direction of the water turbine, and a water pump consisting of both of these plates is rotated to operate inside the water tank. A catalytic oxidation water treatment device that generates a circulating water flow around the partition plate and fills a water tank with a contact material.